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Weyl semimetal in the rare-earth hexaboride family supporting a pseudonodal surface and a giant anomalous Hall effect

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Physical Review B 2022年第16期105卷 165140-165140页

作者： Ruiqi Zhang Cheng-Yi Huang Jamin Kidd Robert S. Markiewicz Hsin Lin Arun Bansil Bahadur Singh Jianwei Sun Department of Physics and Engineering Physics Tulane University New Orleans Louisiana 70118 USA Department of Physics Northeastern University Boston Massachusetts 02115 USA Institute of Physics Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Mumbai 400005 India

Rare-earth hexaborides offer a rich tapestry for exploring the interplay of topological orders, magnetism, and electron-correlation effects associated with protected quantum phenomena. Here, using first-principles modeling, we identify in cerium hexaboride (CeB6) a topological state that harbors a pseudonodal surface (PNS) along with double-Weyl fermions. An analysis of the electronic states in the vicinity of the Fermi level reveals the presence of Mz-mirror-symmetry-protected band crossings that involve itinerant (d) and localized (f) states of Ce. These band crossings are found to remain nearly gapless as one goes away from the mirror plane, driving the formation of PNS states. We also demonstrate the presence of coexisting double-Weyl fermions with chiral charges of ±2 on the C4z rotational axis. By analyzing the Berry curvature field associated with the topological states, we predict that CeB6 supports a giant anomalous Hall conductivity of −1840 Ω−1cm−1 in the slightly electron-doped regime, which would be larger than the values reported to date in magnetic Weyl semimetals. Our study thus indicates that CeB6, which combines ferromagnetic order with topological physics in a heavy-fermion matrix, would provide a promising playground for investigating topological magnetic states with giant anomalous Hall responses.

关键词： Electronic structure Symmetry protected topological states Topological phases of matter Strongly correlated systems Topological materials Density functional theory

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Entanglement-Enhanced Neyman-Pearson Target Detection

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Ward, William Hariri, Abdulkarim Zhang, Zheshen Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48104 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48104 United States

Quantum illumination (QI) provides entanglement-enabled target-detection enhancement, despite operating in an entanglement-breaking environment. Existing experimental studies of QI have utilized a Bayesian approach, assuming that the target is equally likely to be present or absent before detection, to demonstrate an advantage over classical target detection. However, such a premise breaks down in practical operational scenarios in which the prior probability is unknown, thereby hindering QI's applicability to real-world target-detection scenarios. In this work, we adopt the Neyman-Pearson criterion in lieu of the error probability for equally likely target absence or presence as our figure of merit for QI. We demonstrate an unconditional quantum advantage over the optimal classical-illumination protocol as benchmarked by the receiver operating characteristic, which examines detection probability versus false-alarm probability without resorting to known prior probabilities. Our work represents a critical advancement in adapting quantum-enhanced sensing to practical operational settings. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Quantum entanglement

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Di-lithium terephthalate polymer solid electrolyte for Next-Generation All-Solid-State Batteries: Anionic trapper properties

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Journal of Industrial and engineering Chemistry 2025年

作者： Pham, Duong Tung Duong, Huong Thu Duong, Nu Thi Nithiananth, Subramanian Soundharrajan, Vaiyapuri Kim, Jung Ho School of Engineering Physics Hanoi University of Science and Technology – 1 Dai Co Viet Street Bach Khoa Ward Hai Ba Trung District Ha Noi City Viet Nam Department of Materials Science and Engineering Chungnam National University Daejeon34134 Cuba Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences University of Wollongong North Wollongong New South Wales 2500 Australia

Polyethylene oxide (PEO) polymer solid electrolyte has recently become one of the most promising candidates in the battery market due to its fantastic utility. Herein, di-lithium terephthalate (DTP) fillers are added into conventional PEO-based polymer solid electrolytes, playing the roles of anion immobilizer and tunnel supporter for Li+ ion pathways. It is believed that the high crystallinity of the solid electrolyte enhanced by the DTP fillers improves the ionic conductivity and significant diffusion pathways. Also, the obtained solid electrolyte shows high electrode compatibility and a wide electrochemical window. The assembled LiFePO4/Li and MnS2/Li half-cell systems have delivered the impressive initial charge/discharge specific capacity of ∼ 160 mAh g−1 and ∼ 200 mAh g−1, respectively, and high-capacity retention of 98 % after long cycling. The LiFePO4|DTP-|MnS2 full-cell configuration has proven its excellent cycle life, showcasing the potential of the DTP electrolyte membrane for advancing all-solid-state rechargeable battery technologies. An in-depth in-situ potentiostatic electrochemical impedance study in polymer all-solid-state- batteries has further been implemented for the first time, providing a robust and fundamental analysis of this state-of-the-art battery system. © 2025

关键词： Polyethylene oxides

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A CRISPR/Cas12a-empowered surface plasmon resonance platform for rapid and specific diagnosis of the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2

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National science Review 2022年第8期9卷 100-109页

作者： Zhi Chen Jingfeng Li Tianzhong Li Taojian Fan Changle Meng Chaozhou Li Jianlong Kang Luxiao Chai Yabin Hao Yuxuan Tang Omar A.Al-Hartomy Swelm Wageh Abdullah G.Al-Sehemi Zhiguang Luo Jiangtian Yu Yonghong Shao Defa Li Shuai Feng William J.Liu Yaqing He Xiaopeng Ma Zhongjian Xie Han Zhang Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Phosphorene and Optoelectronics International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine Department of Otolaryngology Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital the First Affiliated Hospital Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics Shenzhen University Shenzhen International Institute for Biomedical Research Shenzhen Han’s Tech Limited Company Shenzhen Metasensing Tech Limited Company Department of Physics Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS) King Khalid University Department of Chemistry College of Science King Khalid University Zhongmin (Shenzhen) Intelligent Ecology Co.Ltd Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen University Department of Laboratory Medicine Shenzhen Children’s Hospital Optoelectronics Research Center School of Science Minzu University of China NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Research Unit of Adaptive Evolution and Control of Emerging Viruses Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Institute of Pathogenic Organism Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention Respiratory Department Shenzhen Children’s Hospital Institute of Pediatrics Shenzhen Children’s Hospital

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic was partially due to the challenge of identifying asymptomatic and presymptomatic carriers of the virus, and thus highlights a strong motivation for diagnostics with high sensitivity that can be rapidly deployed. On the other hand, several concerning SARS-Co V-2 variants,including Omicron, are required to be identified as soon as the samples are identified as ‘positive'.Unfortunately, a traditional PCR test does not allow their specific identification. Herein, for the first time,we have developed MOPCS(Methodologies of Photonic CRISPR Sensing), which combines an optical sensing technology-surface plasmon resonance(SPR) with the ‘gene scissors' clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat(CRISPR) technique to achieve both high sensitivity and specificity when it comes to measurement of viral variants. MOPCS is a low-cost, CRISPR/Cas12a-systemempowered SPR gene-detecting platform that can analyze viral RNA, without the need for amplification,within 38 min from sample input to results output, and achieve a limit of detection of 15 fM. MOPCS achieves a highly sensitive analysis of SARS-Co V-2, and mutations appear in variants B.1.617.2(Delta),B.1.1.529(Omicron) and BA.1(a subtype of Omicron). This platform was also used to analyze some recently collected patient samples from a local outbreak in China, identified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This innovative CRISPR-empowered SPR platform will further contribute to the fast, sensitive and accurate detection of target nucleic acid sequences with single-base mutations.

关键词： surface plasmon resonance CRISPR SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant

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Improved camptothecin encapsulation and efficacy by environmentally sensitive block copolymer/chitosan/fucoidan nanoparticles for targeting lung cancer cells

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International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 2024年第Part2期277卷 133901页

作者： Don, Trong-Ming Hong, Yu-Ting Jheng, Pei-Ru Chuang, Er-Yuan Huang, Yi-Cheng Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Tamkang University New Taipei City Taiwan College of Life Sciences Department of Food Science National Taiwan Ocean University Keelung Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center Taipei Medical University–Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Taiwan

In this study, thermo-sensitive poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNP) was polymerized with pH-sensitive poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) to prepare a PAA-b-PNP block copolymer. Above its cloud point, the block copolymer self-assembled into nanoparticles (NPs), encapsulating the anticancer drug camptothecin (CPT) in situ. Chitosan (CS) and fucoidan (Fu) further modified these NPs, forming Fu-CPT-NPs to enhance biocompatibility, drug encapsulation efficiency (EE), and loading content (LC), crucially facilitating P-selectin targeting of lung cancer cells through a drug delivery system. The EE and LC reached 82 % and 3.5 %, respectively. According to transmission electron microscope observation, these Fu-CPT-NPs had uniform spherical shapes with an average diameter of ca. 250 nm. They could maintain their stability in a pH range of 5.0–6.8. In vitro experimental results revealed that the Fu-CPT-NPs exhibited good biocompatibility and had anticancer activity after encapsulating CPT. It could deliver CPT to cancer cells by targeting P-selectin, effectively increasing cell uptake and inducing cell apoptosis. Animal study results showed that the Fu-CPT-NPs inhibited lung tumor growth by increasing tumor cell apoptosis without causing significant tissue damage related to generating reactive oxygen species in lung cancer cells. This system can effectively improve drug-delivery efficiency and treatment effects and has great potential for treating lung cancer. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Nanoparticles

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Ambient-pressure topological superconductivity in Ag4H up to 63 K by metallization of hydrogen

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Physical Review B 2025年第9期111卷 094521-094521页

作者： Chong Tian Jun-jie Shi Pinyuan Wang Juan Du Jing Lu Xinqiang Wang Yao-hui Zhu Hong-xia Zhong State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructures and Mesoscopic Physics School of Physics Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics Peking University Beijing 100871 China International Center for Quantum Materials School of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 China Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Faculty of Science Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124 China Physics Department Beijing Technology and Business University Beijing 100048 China School of Mathematics and Physics China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China

Topological superconductors (TSCs) are an ideal platform for realizing Majorana fermions to implement fault-tolerant topological quantum computation. However, the low transition temperature (Tc) of TSCs hinders experimental measurements and practical applications. Here, we propose that metal-bonded perovskite Ag4H is a TSC, characterized by nontrivial topological surface states, a bulk s-wave superconducting gap, and a Tc reaching up to 63 K at ambient pressure. The structural stability, synthesis routes, band topology, and superconductivity are well investigated by first-principles calculations, Wannier interpolation method, effective k · p model, and Migdal-Eliashberg theory. The ambient-pressure phase Ag4H can be realized through kinetic processes of cooling and depressurization from its pressure state. Topological nodal lines and Dirac points with nontrivial Z2 index are identified in Ag4H. Our in-depth analysis reveals an unconventional band inversion mechanism, in which the usually low-lying H-1s band is inverted partially to the Fermi level by intermediate metallization of hydrogen resulting from the metallic bonding of the H sublattice with the Ag matrix. Gap anisotropy is related to Fermi surface nesting and q-dependent electron-phonon coupling. The large H interstitial space, more s/p orbital electrons at the Fermi level, and high H concentration promote high-temperature superconductivity under ambient pressure. Last but not least, Ag4H is the first few-hydrogen metal-bonded intrinsic Eliashberg TSC, exhibiting high Tc near the liquid-nitrogen temperature region. This work may pave a different way to realize topological superconductivity at higher temperature under ambient pressure.

关键词： Perovskite

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Deformed Fredkin model for the ν=5/2 Moore-Read state on thin cylinders

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Physical Review Research 2024年第1期6卷 013105-013105页

作者： Cristian Voinea Songyang Pu Ammar Kirmani Pouyan Ghaemi Armin Rahmani Zlatko Papić School of Physics and Astronomy University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT United Kingdom Theoretical Division T-4 Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA Physics Department City College of the City University of New York New York 10031 USA Physics Program Graduate Center of City University of New York New York 10031 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy and Advanced Materials Science and Engineering Center Western Washington University Bellingham Washington 98225 USA

We propose a frustration-free model for the Moore-Read quantum Hall state on sufficiently thin cylinders with circumferences ≲7 magnetic lengths. While the Moore-Read Hamiltonian involves complicated long-range interactions between triplets of electrons in a Landau level, our effective model is a simpler one-dimensional chain of qubits with deformed Fredkin gates. We show that the ground state of the Fredkin model has high overlap with the Moore-Read wave function and accurately reproduces the latter's entanglement properties. Moreover, we demonstrate that the model captures the dynamical response of the Moore-Read state to a geometric quench, induced by suddenly changing the anisotropy of the system. We elucidate the underlying mechanism of the quench dynamics and show that it coincides with the linearized bimetric field theory. The minimal model introduced here can be directly implemented as a first step towards quantum simulation of the Moore-Read state, as we demonstrate by deriving an efficient circuit approximation to the ground state and implementing it on an IBM quantum processor.

关键词： Fractional quantum Hall effect Quantum computation Quantum many-body systems Strongly correlated systems Exact diagonalization Matrix product states

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Development of flexible Li-ion batteries for flexible electronics

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InfoMat 2020年第5期2卷 866-878页

作者： Yifan Zhao Juchen Guo Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California–RiversideRiversideCalifornia Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of California–RiversideRiversideCalifornia

We provide a critical review on the recent development of flexible lithium-ion batteries(FLIBs)for flexible electronic *** innovative designs of cell configuration for bendable and stretchable FLIBs,selection of active materials,and evaluation methods for FLIBs are *** grand challenges for FLIBs are energy density and scale-up fabrication as demonstrated in the ***,the lack of quantitative evaluation methods for FLIBs'performance and nondestructive tools to probe the mechanical degradation may significantly hinder the development of FLIB *** for future research directions,based on the current state of progress,are discussed.

关键词： flexible electronic devices flexible Li-ion batteries nondestructive probe

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engineering exchange bias at the interface of self-polarized ultrathin ferroelectric BaTiO3 and ferromagnetic La0.67Sr0.33MnO3

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Physical Review Applied 2024年第5期22卷 054035-054035页

作者： Tuhin Maity Manisha Bansal Nives Strkalj Kapildeb Dolui Di Zhang Zihao He Guillaume F. Nataf Adam Lovett Massimo Ghidini Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy University of Cambridge Cambridge CB3 0FS UK School of Physics Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram 695551 India CAMRIE and CHPC Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram 695551 India Center for Advanced Laser Techniques Institute of Physics 10000 Zagreb Croatia School of Materials Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana USA Present address: GREMAN UMR7347 CNRS University of Tours INSA Centre Val de Loire 37000 Tours France Diamond Light Source Harwell Science and Innovation Campus Chilton Didcot OX11 0DE UK Department of Mathematics Physics and Computer Science University of Parma 43124 Parma Italy

We investigate the emergence and optimization of conventional exchange bias (EB) in ultrathin (<10 nm) ferroelectric (FE) BaTiO3 (BTO)/ferromagnetic (FM) La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 (LSMO) epitaxial bilayers without an antiferromagnetic (AFM) material. The EB originates from the electronic orbital reconstruction at the FE-FM interface due to the ferroelectric polarization. We achieve maximum EB of approximately 42 Oe with single-domain polarization in nine-unit-cell-thick BTO, setting the BTO thickness above the critical threshold for ferroelectricity yet below the thickness of strain relaxation and multidomain breakdown. Furthermore, the LSMO layer needs to be thick enough to sustain both the FM layer and polarization-induced AFM spin configuration at the LSMO/BTO interface, yet as thin as possible to enable the EB loop shift. The temperature, training, field, and thickness dependence of the EB confirm that the LSMO/BTO interface exhibits conventional EB despite its unconventional origin. Using x-ray magnetic circular dichroism, scanning transmission electron microscopy, and density-functional-theory calculations, we confirm that the macroscopic EB effect originates from the interfacial AFM spin configuration in LSMO driven by FE-induced d-orbital modifications in interfacial Mn ions. Thus, we engineer strong interfacial EB coupling in artificial multiferroics without a conventional AFM material by controlling FE polarization, highlighting the potential for advanced spintronic applications.

关键词： Exchange bias Spintronics Surface & interfacial phenomena Ferroelectrics Ferromagnets Magnetic thin films Multiferroics Transition metal oxides

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Pressure dependence of superconductivity in CeRh2As2

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Physical Review B 2023年第2期108卷 L020504-L020504页

作者： Hasan Siddiquee Zackary Rehfuss Christopher Broyles Sheng Ran Department of Physics Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis Missouri 63130 USA The Institute of Materials Science and Engineering Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis Missouri 63130 USA

In the recently discovered heavy fermion superconductor CeRh2As2, a magnetic-field-induced phase transition has been observed inside the superconducting state, which is proposed to be a transition from an even- to an odd-parity superconducting state. The odd-parity superconducting state and its large upper critical field has been explained by local inversion symmetry breaking and consequent Rashba spin-orbit coupling. Here, we report the experimental tuning of the superconductivity in CeRh2As2 via applied pressure. Superconductivity is continuously suppressed up to 2.5 GPa. The kink in the upper critical field, which has been used to indicated the even- to odd-parity transition, is also suppressed, indicating the odd-parity state is suppressed faster than the even-parity state. Above 2.5 GPa, there might be a second dome of superconductivity, which requires further investigation.

关键词： Spin-triplet pairing Superconducting phase transition Superconductivity Topological superconductors

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