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arXiv 2021年

作者： Calafut, Victoria Gallardo, Patricio A. Vavagiakis, Eve M. Amodeo, Stefania Aiola, Simone Austermann, Jason E. Battaglia, Nicholas Battistelli, Elia S. Beall, James A. Bean, Rachel Bond, J. Richard Calabrese, Erminia Choi, Steve K. Cothard, Nicholas F. Devlin, Mark J. Duell, Cody J. Duff, S.M. Duivenvoorden, Adriaan J. Dunkley, Jo Dunner, Rolando Ferraro, Simone Guan, Yilun Hill, J. Colin Hilton, G.C. Hilton, Matt Hlozek, Renee Huber, Zachary B. Hubmayr, Johannes Huffenberger, Kevin M. Hughes, John P. Koopman, Brian J. Kosowsky, Arthur Li, Yaqiong Lokken, Martine Madhavacheril, Mathew McMahon, Jeff Moodley, Kavilan Naess, Sigurd Nati, Federico Newburgh, Laura B. Niemack, Michael D. Page, Lyman Partridge, Bruce Schaan, Emmanuel Schillaci, Alessandro Sifon, Cristobal Spergel, David N. Staggs, Suzanne T. Ullom, Joel N. Vale, Leila R. van Engelen, Alexander van Lanen, J. Wollack, Edward J. Xu, Zhilei Department of Astronomy Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Department of Physics Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Center for Computational Astrophysics Flatiron Institute New YorkNY10010 United States NIST Quantum Devices Group 325 Broadway Mailcode 817.03 BoulderCO80305 United States Physics Department Sapienza University of Rome Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 RomeI-00185 Italy Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics University of Toronto TorontoONM5S 3H8 Canada School of Physics and Astronomy Cardiff University The Parade CardiffCF24 3AA United Kingdom Department of Applied and Engineering Physics Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Pennsylvania 209 South 33rd Street PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States Joseph Henry Laboratories of Physics Jadwin Hall Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Department of Astrophysical Sciences Peyton Hall Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Instituto de Astrofísica Centro de Astro-Ingeniería Facultad de Física Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860 Macul Santiago7820436 Chile Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory One Cyclotron Road BerkeleyCA94720 United States Berkeley Center for Cosmological Physics UC Berkeley CA94720 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA15260 United States Department of Physics Columbia University New YorkNY10027 United States Astrophysics Research Centre University of KwaZulu-Natal Westville Campus Durban4041 South Africa David A. Dunlap Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics University of Toronto 50 St. George St. TorontoONM5S 3H4 Canada Dunlap Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics University of Toronto 50 St. George St. TorontoONM5S 3H4 Canada Department of Physics Florida State University TallahasseeFL32306 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Ru

We present a 5.4σ detection of the pairwise kinematic Sunyaev-Zel’dovich (kSZ) effect using Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) and Planck CMB observations in combination with Luminous Red Galaxy samples from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) DR15 catalog. Results are obtained using three ACT CMB maps: co-added 150 GHz and 98 GHz maps, combining observations from 2008-2018 (ACT DR5), which overlap with SDSS DR15 over 3,700 sq. deg., and a component-separated map using night-time only observations from 2014-2015 (ACT DR4), overlapping with SDSS DR15 over 2,089 sq. deg. Comparisons of the results from these three maps provide consistency checks in relation to potential frequency-dependent foreground contamination. A total of 343,647 galaxies are used as tracers to identify and locate galaxy groups and clusters from which the kSZ signal is extracted using aperture photometry. We consider the impact of various aperture photometry assumptions and covariance estimation methods on the signal extraction. Theoretical predictions of the pairwise velocities are used to obtain best-fit, mass-averaged, optical depth estimates for each of five luminosity-selected tracer samples. A comparison of the kSZ-derived optical depth measurements obtained here to those derived from the thermal SZ effect for the same sample is presented in a companion paper. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Kinematics

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The next decade of astroinformatics and astrostatistics

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Siemiginowska, Aneta Eadie, Gwendolyn Czekala, Ian Feigelson, Eric Ford, Eric B. Kashyap, Vinay Kuhn, Michael Loredo, Tom Ntampaka, Michelle Stevens, Abbie Avelino, Arturo Borne, Kirk Budavari, Tamas Burkhart, Blakesley Cisewski-Kehe, Jessi Civano, Francesca Chilingarian, Igor Dyk, David A. Van Fabbiano, Giuseppina Finkbeiner, Douglas P. Foreman-Mackey, Daniel Freeman, Peter Fruscione, Antonella Goodman, Alyssa A. Graham, Matthew Guenther, Hans Moritz Hakkila, Jon Hernquist, Lars Huppenkothen, Daniela James, David J. Law, Casey Lazio, Joseph Lee, Thomas López-Morales, Mercedes Mahabal, Ashish A. Mandel, Kaisey Meng, Xiao-Li Moustakas, John Muna, Demitri Peek, J.E.G. Richard, Gordon Portillo, Stephen K.N. Scargle, Jeff De Souza, Rafael S. Speagle, Joshua S. Stassun, Keivan G. Stenning, David C. Taylor, Stephen R. Tremblay, Grant R. Trimble, Virginia Yanamandra-Fisher, Padma A. Young, C. Alex EScience Institute University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States Department of Astronomy Dirac Institute University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States Department of Astronomy University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States Department of Astronomy University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Penn State University PA16802 United States Center for Astrophysics Harvard and Smithsonian CambridgeMA02138 United States California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91109 United States Department of Statistical Sciences Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Harvard University CambridgeMA02138 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Michigan State University East LansingMI48824 United States Department of Astronomy University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Booz Allen Hamilton Annapolis JunctionMD United States Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreMD21218 United States Department of Statistics and Data Science Yale University New HavenCT06511 United States Department of Mathematics Imperial College London SW7 2AZ United Kingdom Center for Computational Astrophysics Flatiron Institute New YorkNY10010 United States Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA United States Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Inc. Dean of Graduate School University of Charleston CharlestonSC29424 United States Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91109 United States University of California Davis CA95616 United States Division of Physics Mathematics & Astronomy Tapir Group California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States University of Cambridge CambridgeCB3 0HA United Kingdom Department of Physics and Astronomy Siena College LoudonvilleNY12211 United States Center f

Over the past century, major advances in astronomy and astrophysics have been largely driven by improvements in instrumentation and data collection. With the amassing of high quality data from new telescopes, and especially with the advent of deep and large astronomical surveys, it is becoming clear that future advances will also rely heavily on how those data are analyzed and interpreted. New methodologies derived from advances in statistics, computer science, and machine learning are beginning to be employed in sophisticated investigations that are not only bringing forth new discoveries, but are placing them on a solid footing. Progress in wide-field sky surveys, interferometric imaging, precision cosmology, exoplanet detection and characterization, and many subfields of stellar, Galactic and extragalactic astronomy, has resulted in complex data analysis challenges that must be solved to perform scientific inference. Research in astrostatistics and astroinformatics will be necessary to develop the state-of-the-art methodology needed in astronomy. Overcoming these challenges requires dedicated, interdisciplinary research. We recommend: (1) increasing funding for interdisciplinary projects in astrostatistics and astroinformatics;(2) dedicating space and time at conferences for interdisciplinary research and promotion;(3) developing sustainable funding for long-term astrostatisics appointments;and (4) funding infrastructure development for data archives and archive support, state-of-the-art algorithms, and efficient computing. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Finance

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Benchmark problems for transcranial ultrasound simulation: Intercomparison of compressional wave models

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Aubry, Jean-Francois Bates, Oscar Boehm, Christian Pauly, Kim Butts Christensen, Douglas Cueto, Carlos Gélat, Pierre Guasch, Lluis Jaros, Jiri Jing, Yun Jones, Rebecca Li, Ningrui Marty, Patrick Montanaro, Hazael Neufeld, Esra Pichardo, Samuel Pinton, Gianmarco Pulkkinen, Aki Stanziola, Antonio Thielscher, Axel Treeby, Bradley Van't Wout, Elwin Physics for Medicine Paris INSERM U1273 ESPCI Paris PSL University CNRS UMR 8063 France Department of Bioengineering Imperial College London Exhibition Road LondonSW7 2AZ United Kingdom Institute of Geophysics ETH Zürich Sonneggstrasse 5 Zürich8092 Switzerland Department of Radiology Stanford University StanfordCA United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Utah United States Department of Surgical Biotechnology Division of Surgery and Interventional Science University College London LondonNW3 2PF United Kingdom Earth Science and Engineering Department Imperial College London London United Kingdom Centre of Excellence IT4Innovations Faculty of Information Technology Brno University of Technology Bozetechova 2 Brno612 00 Czech Republic Graduate Program in Acoustics The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA16802 United States Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill North Carolina State University NC United States Department of Electrical Engineering Stanford University StanfordCA United States Zurich Switzerland Laboratory for Acoustics / Noise control Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology Dubendorf Switzerland Zurich Switzerland Radiology and Clinical Neurosciences Departments Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Canada Department of Applied Physics University of Eastern Finland Kuopio70211 Finland Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering University College London Gower Street LondonWC1E 6BT United Kingdom Technical University of Denmark Denmark Danish Research Center for Magnetic Resonance Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre Denmark Institute for Mathematical and Computational Engineering School of Engineering and Faculty of Mathematics Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile Santiago Chile

computational models of acoustic wave propagation are frequently used in transcranial ultrasound therapy, for example, to calculate the intracranial pressure field or to calculate phase delays to correct for skull distortions. To allow intercomparison between the different modeling tools and techniques used by the community, an international working group was convened to formulate a set of numerical benchmarks. Here, these benchmarks are presented, along with intercomparison results. Nine different benchmarks of increasing geometric complexity are defined. These include a single-layer planar bone immersed in water, a multi-layer bone, and a whole skull. Two transducer configurations are considered (a focused bowl and a plane piston), giving a total of 18 permutations of the benchmarks. Eleven different modeling tools are used to compute the benchmark results. The models span a wide range of numerical techniques, including the finite-difference time-domain method, angular-spectrum method, pseudospectral method, boundary-element method, and spectral-element method. Good agreement is found between the models, particularly for the position, size, and magnitude of the acoustic focus within the skull. When comparing results for each model with every other model in a cross comparison, the median values for each benchmark for the difference in focal pressure and position are less than 10% and 1 mm, respectively. The benchmark definitions, model results, and intercomparison codes are freely available to facilitate further comparisons. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Bone

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Line-intensity mapping: 2017 status report

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Kovetz, E.D. Viero, M.P. Lidz, A. Newburgh, L. Rahman, M. Switzer, E. Kamionkowski, M. Aguirre, J. Alvarez, M. Bock, J. Bond, J.R. Bower, G. Bradford, C.M. Breysse, P.C. Bull, P. Chang, T.C. Cheng, Y.T. Chung, D. Cleary, K. Cooray, A. Crites, A. Croft, R. Doré, O. Eastwood, M. Ferrara, A. Fonseca, J. Jacobs, D. Keating, G. Lagache, G. Lakhlani, G. Liu, A. Moodley, K. Murray, N. Penin, A. Popping, G. Pullen, A. Reichers, D. Saito, S. Saliwanchik, B. Santos, M. Somerville, R. Stacey, G. Stein, G. Villaescusa-Navarro, F. Visbal, E. Weltman, A. Wolz, L. Zemcov, M. Department of Physics and Astronomy Johns Hopkins University 3400 N. Charles St. BaltimoreMD21218 United States Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology Stanford University 382 Via Pueblo Mall StanfordCA94305 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Pennsylvania 209 South 33rd Street PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States Department of Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States NASA Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMD United States Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics University of Toronto 60 St. George st. TorontoONM5S 3H8 Canada Division of Physics Math and Astronomy California Institute of Technology 1200 E. California Blvd PasadenaCA91125 United States Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics 645 N. A'ohoku Place HiloHI96720 United States Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology 4800 Oak Grove Drive PasadenaCA91109 United States Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology Physics Department Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States McWilliams Center for Cosmology Department of Physics Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA15213 United States Normale Superiore Piazza dei Cavalieri 7 Pisa56126 Italy Department of Physics and Astronomy University of the Western Cape Cape Town7535 South Africa School of Earth and Space Exploration Arizona State University 781 E Terrace Mall TempeAZ85287 United States Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics 60 Garden Street CambridgeMA02138 United States Aix Marseille Univ CNRS LAM Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille Marseille France Department of Astronomy and Radio Astronomy Laboratory University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Physics and McGill Space Institute McGill University MontrealQCH3A 2T8 Canada Astrophysics and Cosmology Research Unit University of KwaZulu-Natal Durban4041 South Africa European Southern Observatory Karl-

Following the first two annual intensity mapping workshops at Stanford in March 2016 and Johns Hopkins in June 2017, we report on the recent advances in theory, instrumentation and observation that were presented in these meetings and some of the opportunities and challenges that were identified looking forward. With preliminary detections of CO, [CII], Lyα and low-redshift 21cm, and a host of experiments set to go online in the next few years, the field is rapidly progressing on all fronts, with great anticipation for a flood of new exciting results. This current snapshot provides an efficient reference for experts in related fields and a useful resource for nonspecialists. We begin by introducing the concept of line-intensity mapping and then discuss the broad array of science goals that will be enabled, ranging from the history of star formation, reionization and galaxy evolution to measuring baryon acoustic oscillations at high redshift and constraining theories of dark matter, modified gravity and dark energy. After reviewing the first detections reported to date, we survey the experimental landscape, presenting the parameters and capabilities of relevant instruments such as COMAP, mmIMe, AIM-CO, CCAT-p, TIME, CONCERTO, CHIME, HIRAX, HERA, STARFIRE, MeerKAT/SKA and SPHEREx. Finally, we describe recent theoretical advances: different approaches to modeling line luminosity functions, several techniques to separate the desired signal from foregrounds, statistical methods to analyze the data, and frameworks to generate realistic intensity map simulations. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Acoustic intensity measurement

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Horizons: Nuclear Astrophysics in the 2020s and Beyond

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Schatz, Hendrik Becerril Reyes, A.D. Best, A. Brown, E.F. Chatziioannou, K. Chipps, K.A. Deibel, C.M. Ezzeddine, R. Galloway, D.K. Hansen, C.J. Herwig, F. Ji, A.P. Lugaro, M. Meisel, Z. Norman, D. Read, J.S. Roberts, L.F. Spyrou, A. Tews, I. Timmes, F.X. Travaglio, C. Vassh, N. Abia, C. Adsley, P. Agarwal, S. Aliotta, M. Aoki, W. Arcones, A. Aryan, A. Bandyopadhyay, A. Banu, A. Bardayan, D.W. Barnes, J. Bauswein, A. Beers, T.C. Bishop, J. Boztepe, T. Côté, B. Caplan, M.E. Champagne, A.E. Clark, J.A. Couder, M. Couture, A. de Mink, S.E. Debnath, S. deBoer, R.J. den Hartogh, J. Denissenkov, P. Dexheimer, V. Dillmann, I. Escher, J.E. Famiano, M.A. Farmer, R. Fisher, R. Fröhlich, C. Frebel, A. Fryer, C. Fuller, G. Ganguly, A.K. Ghosh, S. Gibson, B.K. Gorda, T. Gourgouliatos, K.N. Graber, V. Gupta, M. Haxton, W. Heger, A. Hix, W.R. Ho, W.C.G. Holmbeck, E.M. Hood, A.A. Huth, S. Imbriani, G. Izzard, R.G. Jain, R. Jayatissa, H. Johnston, Z. Kajino, T. Kankainen, A. Kiss, G.G. Kwiatkowski, A. La Cognata, M. Laird, A.M. Lamia, L. Landry, P. Laplace, E. Launey, K.D. Leahy, D. Leckenby, G. Lennarz, A. Longfellow, B. Lovell, A.E. Lynch, W.G. Lyons, S.M. Maeda, K. Masha, E. Matei, C. Merc, J. Messer, B. Montes, F. Mukherjee, A. Mumpower, M. Neto, D. Nevins, B. Newton, W.G. Nguyen, L.Q. Nishikawa, K. Nishimura, N. Nunes, F.M. O’Connor, E. O’Shea, B.W. Ong, W.-J. Pain, S.D. Pajkos, M.A. Pignatari, M. Pizzone, R.G. Placco, V.M. Plewa, T. Pritychenko, B. Psaltis, A. Puentes, D. Qian, Y.-Z. Radice, D. Rapagnani, D. Rebeiro, B.M. Reifarth, R. Richard, A.L. Rijal, N. Roederer, I.U. Rojo, J.S. Sk, J. Saito, Y. Schwenk, A. Sergi, M.L. Sidhu, R.S. Simon, A. Sivarani, T. Skúladóttir, Á. Smith, M.S. Spiridon, A. Sprouse, T.M. Starrfield, S. Steiner, A.W. Strieder, F. Sultana, I. Surman, R. Szücs, T. Tawfik, A. Thielemann, F. Trache, L. Trappitsch, R. Department of Physics and Astronomy Michigan State University East LansingMI48824 United States Facility for Rare Isotope Beams Michigan State University East LansingMI48824 United States United States Department of Physics University of Naples"Federico II" Napoli80126 Italy INFN - Sezione di Napoli Napoli80126 Italy Department of Computational Mathematics Science and Engineering MichiganState University East LansingMI48824 United States Department of Physics California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States LIGO Laboratory California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States Physics Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN37831 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Tennessee Knoxville KnoxvilleTN37996 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Louisiana State University Baton RougeLA70803 United States Department of Astronomy University of Florida GainesvilleFL32601 United States School of Physics and Astronomy Monash University VIC3800 Australia OzGRav-Monash School of Physics & Astronomy Monash University VIC3800 Australia Goethe University Frankfurt Institute for Applied Physics Max-von-Laue-Str. 12 Frankfurt am Main60438 Germany Technical University of Darmstadt Institute for Nuclear Physics Germany Max Planck Institute for Astronomy Heidelberg Germany Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Victoria VictoriaBCV8P 5C2 Canada Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics University of Chicago 5640 S Ellis Avenue ChicagoIL60637 United States Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics University of Chicago ChicagoIL60637 United States Excellence Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences Konkoly-Thege Miklós út 15-17 BudapestH-1121 Hungary ELTE Eötvös Loránd University Institute of Physics Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A Budapest1117 Hungary Institute of Nuclear & Particle Physics Department of Physics & Astronomy Ohio University AthensOH45701

Nuclear Astrophysics is a field at the intersection of nuclear physics and astrophysics, which seeks to understand the nuclear engines of astronomical objects and the origin of the chemical elements. This white paper summarizes progress and status of the field, the new open questions that have emerged, and the tremendous scientific opportunities that have opened up with major advances in capabilities across an ever growing number of disciplines and subfields that need to be integrated. We take a holistic view of the field discussing the unique challenges and opportunities in nuclear astrophysics in regards to science, diversity, education, and the interdisciplinarity and breadth of the field. Clearly nuclear astrophysics is a dynamic field with a bright future that is entering a new era of discovery opportunities. © 2022, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Astrophysics

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Foundational Competencies and Responsibilities of a Research Software Engineer

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Goth, Florian Alves, Renato Braun, Matthias Castro, Leyla Jael Chourdakis, Gerasimos Christ, Simon Cohen, Jeremy Druskat, Stephan Erxleben, Fredo Grad, Jean-Noël Hagdorn, Magnus Hodges, Toby Juckeland, Guido Kempf, Dominic Lamprecht, Anna-Lena Linxweiler, Jan Löffler, Frank Martone, Michele Schwarzmeier, Moritz Seibold, Heidi Thiele, Jan Philipp Waldow, Harald von Wittke, Samantha Institute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics University of Würzburg Germany European Molecular Biology Laboratory Heidelberg Germany Cluster of Excellence IntCDC University of Stuttgart Germany ZB MED Information Centre for Life Sciences Cologne Germany School of Computation Information and Technology Technical University of Munich Garching Germany Institute for Parallel and Distributed Systems University of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany Leibniz University Hannover Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics Computational Biology Germany Imperial College London London United Kingdom Institute for Software Technology Berlin Germany Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Department of Computer Science Berlin Germany Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf Germany Institute for Computational Physics University of Stuttgart Germany Geschäftsbereich IT Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin Germany The Carpentries United States Heidelberg University Scientific Software Center Germany Institute of Computer Science University of Potsdam Germany Technische Universität Braunschweig Germany Michael Stifel Center Jena Friedrich Schiller University Jena Germany Leibniz Supercomputing Centre Garching Germany Mathematical Modeling and Analysis TU Darmstadt Germany IGDORE Munich Germany Weierstrass Institute Berlin Germany Leibniz University Hannover Institute of Applied Mathematics Scientific Computing Hannover Germany Johann Heinrich von Thünen Institute Centre for Information Management Germany

The term Research Software Engineer, or RSE, emerged a little over 10 years ago as a way to represent individuals working in the research community but focusing on software development. The term has been widely adopted and there are a number of high-level definitions of what an RSE is. However, the roles of RSEs vary depending on the institutional context they work in. At one end of the spectrum, RSE roles may look similar to a traditional research role. At the other extreme, they resemble that of a software engineer in industry. Most RSE roles inhabit the space between these two extremes. Therefore, providing a straightforward, comprehensive definition of what an RSE does and what experience, skills and competencies are required to become one is challenging. In this community paper we define the broad notion of what an RSE is, explore the different types of work they undertake, and define a list of foundational competencies as well as values that outline the general profile of an RSE. Further research and training can build upon this foundation of skills and focus on various aspects in greater detail. We expect that graduates and practitioners will have a larger and more diverse set of skills than outlined here. On this basis, we elaborate on the progression of these skills along different dimensions. We look at specific types of RSE roles, propose recommendations for organisations, and give examples of future specialisations. An appendix details how existing curricula fit into this framework. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Computer aided software engineering

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Surveillance of avian influenza through bird guano in remote regions of the global south to uncover transmission dynamics

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Nature communications 2025年第1期16卷 4900页

作者： Dhammika Leshan Wannigama Mohan Amarasiri Phatthranit Phattharapornjaroen Cameron Hurst Charin Modchang John Jefferson V Besa Kazuhiko Miyanaga Longzhu Cui Stefan Fernandez Angkana T Huang Puey Ounjai W K C P Werawatte Ali Hosseini Rad S M Porames Vatanaprasan Dylan John Jay Thammakorn Saethang Sirirat Luk-In Phitsanuruk Kanthawee Wanwara Thuptimdang Ratana Tacharoenmuang Bernadina Cynthia S P H Spencer Vitharana Natharin Ngamwongsatit Hitoshi Ishikawa Takashi Furukawa Yangzhong Wang Andrew C Singer Naveen Kumar Devanga Ragupathi Tanittha Chatsuwan Kazunari Sei Asuka Nanbo Asada Leelahavanichkul Talerngsak Kanjanabuch Hiroshi Hamamoto Paul G Higgins Daisuke Sano Anthony Kicic José O Valdebenito Jonas Bonnedahl Sam Trowsdale Parichart Hongsing Aisha Khatib Kenji Shibuya Shuichi Abe Department of Infectious Diseases Faculty of Medicine Yamagata University Yamagata Japan. leshanwannigama@med.id.yamagata-u.ac.jp. Department of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital Yamagata Japan. leshanwannigama@med.id.yamagata-u.ac.jp. Pathogen Hunter's Research Collaborative Team Department of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital Yamagata Japan. leshanwannigama@med.id.yamagata-u.ac.jp. Yamagata Prefectural University of Health Sciences Kamiyanagi Yamagata Japan. leshanwannigama@med.id.yamagata-u.ac.jp. The Lygodium Ceylon Health and Environmental Policy Research Center Colombo Sri Lanka. leshanwannigama@med.id.yamagata-u.ac.jp. Biofilms and Antimicrobial Resistance Consortium of ODA receiving countries The University of Sheffield Sheffield UK. leshanwannigama@med.id.yamagata-u.ac.jp. Pathogen Hunter's Research Collaborative Team Department of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital Yamagata Japan. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University Sendai Miyagi Japan. Faculty of Health Science Technology Chulabhorn Royal Academy Bangkok Thailand. HRH Princess Chulabhorn Disaster and Emergency Medicine Center Chulabhorn Royal Academy Bangkok Thailand. Department of Clinical Epidemiology Faculty of Medicine Thammasat University Rangsit Thailand. Center of Excellence in Applied Epidemiology Thammasat University Rangsit Thailand. Mater Research Institute University of Queensland Brisbane QLD Australia. Biophysics Group Department of Physics Faculty of Science Mahidol University Bangkok Thailand. Centre of Excellence in Mathematics MHESI Bangkok Thailand. Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics Ministry of Higher Education Science Research and Innovation Bangkok Thailand. Department of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital Yamagata Japan. Co

Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) pose a growing global health threat, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where limited surveillance capacity and under-resourced healthcare systems hinder timely detection and response. Migratory birds play a significant role in the transboundary spread of AIVs, yet data from key regions along migratory flyways remain sparse. To address these surveillance gaps, we conducted a study between December 2021 and February 2023 using fresh bird guano collected across 10 countries in the Global South. Here, we show that remote, uninhabited regions in previously unsampled areas harbor a high diversity of AIV strains, with H5N1 emerging as the most prevalent. Some of these H5N1 samples also carry mutations that may make them less responsive to the antiviral drug oseltamivir. Our findings documented the presence of AIVs in several underrepresented regions and highlighted critical transmission hotspots where viral evolution may be accelerating. These results underscore the urgent need for geographically targeted surveillance to detect emerging variants, inform public health interventions, and reduce the risk of zoonotic spillover.

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59.1:Invited Paper: LTPS Backplane Technologies for AMLCDs and AMOLEDs

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SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers 2012年第1期42卷

作者： Chi Woo Kim Jin Goo Jung Jae Beom Choi Deok Hui Kim Chung Yi Hye Dong Kim Yun Ho Choi James Im Process Development Team 1 Samsung Mobile Display Co. Ltd. Cheonan-City Chungcheongnam-Do Process Development Team 2 Samsung Mobile Display Co. Ltd. Giheung-Gu Yongin-City Gyeonggi-Do Korea Program in Materials Science and Engineering Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics Columbia University New York NY 10027 United States

In this paper, we review various LTPS backplane technologies based on laser-crystallization and other related methods that have been applied to AMLCD and AMOLED displays. The TFT performances obtained by different melt-mediated crystallization methods with excimer laser and solid phase crystallization will be compared. The technical issues of the image quality and the resolution will be discussed.

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Partial deconfinement at strong coupling on the lattice

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Watanabe, Hiromasa Bergner, Georg Bodendorfer, Norbert Funai, Shotaro Shiba Hanada, Masanori Rinaldi, Enrico Schäfer, Andreas Vranas, Pavlos Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Ibaraki305-8571 Japan University of Jena Institute for Theoretical Physics Max-Wien-Platz 1 JenaD-07743 Germany University of Regensburg Institute of Theoretical Physics Universitätsstrasse 31 D-93053 Germany 1919-1 Tancha Onna-son Kunigami-gun Okinawa904-0495 Japan Department of Mathematics University of Surrey Guildford SurreyGU2 7XH United Kingdom Arithmer Inc. R&D Headquarters Minato Tokyo106-6040 Japan RIKEN iTHEMS Program Wako Saitama351-0198 Japan Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCA94550 United States Nuclear Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States

We provide evidence for partial deconfinement - the deconfinement of a SU(M) subgroup of the SU(N) gauge group - by using lattice Monte Carlo simulations. We take matrix models as concrete examples. By appropriately fixing the gauge, we observe that the M×M submatrices deconfine. This gives direct evidence for partial deconfinement at strong coupling. We discuss the applications to QCD and holography. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Monte Carlo methods

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Thermally Radiative Casson Fluid Flow over a Cylinder with Newtonian Heating and Heat generation/absorption

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Journal of physics: Conference Series 2021年第2期1964卷

作者： K Loganathan M Sivakumar M Mohanraj P Sakthivel Research and Development Wing Live4Research Tiruppur 638 106 Tamil Nadu India Department of Applied Mathematics and Computational Science PSG College of Technology Coimbatore 641 004 Tamil Nadu India Department of Mechanical Engineering Hindusthan College of Engineering and Technology Coimbatore Tamil Nadu 641 032 India Department of Physics Faculty of Engineering Karpagam Academy of Higher Education Coimbatore Tamil Nadu 641 021 India

This communication explains the impact of thermally radiative flow of a Casson fluid over a cylinder with velocity slip, suction/injection, and Newtonian heating condition. The governing PDE expressions are remodeled into an ODE expressing by applying suitable variables. The homotopy analysis (HAM) technique was implemented for solving our models. The impact of velocity field, temperature distribution, skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number in terms of diverse physical parameters like Casson parameter, suction/injection parameter, Newtonian heating parameter, radiation parameters, heat generation/absorption, Hartmann number and velocity slip parameter. The Hartmann number leads to slow down the fluid velocity, skin friction coefficient and local Nusselt number. The slip parameter decreases the fluid velocity and enhance the fluid heat transfer gradient.

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