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Settler colonialism and/in (urban) Brazil: black and indigenous resistances to the logic of elimination (Oct, 10.1080/2201473X.2020.1823750, 2020)

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SETTLER COLONIAL STUDIES 2021年第3期11卷 I-I页

作者： Poets, Desiree Department of Political Science and ASPECT PhD Program Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA USA

ABSTRACTABSTRACTHow does elimination work in Brazil? After a brief history of miscegenation as assimilation/elimination, this article addresses this question through the experiences of one urban indigenous group (Aldeia Maracanã) and one urban Afro-descendantquilombo(Sacopã) in Rio de Janeiro. Based on fieldwork conducted between 2014 and 2017, the article traces the continuities of settler colonialism in independent Brazil, including the multicultural turn of the 1988 Constitution. I centre the lived experiences and struggles of the two groups, whose intersecting politics are caught within the inescapability of being ‘within Empire’ while having to imagine a politics outside of it (Simpson 2014). I then contribute to Settler Colonial Theory from this perspective, challenging its land-labour binary, for Black and Indigenous peoples have both been affected by processes of elimination, dispossession, labour exploitation, and exclusion (racism). Moreover, miscegenation/assimilation has not been merely ‘a kind of death’, as Patrick Wolfe has portrayed it (Wolfe, 2006). Miscegenation has also functioned as the space from which indigenous and black peoples have resurged, survived, and thrived. When we engage critically with the political options available to these groups within settler colonialism, we are forced to ask: What does it mean to talk about de-colonisation in Brazil?

关键词： Brazil quilombo indigenous urban authenticity multiculturalism settler colonialism

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The portrait of older people as (non) users of digital technologies: A scoping literature review and a typology of digital older (non) users

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Gerontechnology 2020年第3期19卷 1-15页

作者： Alexopoulou, Sofia PhD candidate in the department of Political Science Program of Successful Ageing University of Örebro Örebro Sweden

Background: The images of older people while using (or not) technology is a theme that plays a crucial role not only in the implementation of policies, but also in the design of e-services or more broadly e-governance. Older people is a complex and a non-homogenous group that requires public (welfare) services which in many cases have been moved to a digital interface. The real challenge is to provide these services without excluding anyone. Objective: This paper aims to investigate how older people are represented as (non)users of technology in the digital literature and public discourse and to produce a typology of older digital users based on the work of Schneider and Ingram (1993). Method: The study followed established methods for a scoping literature review to discover the profile of older digital (non) users and their relationship with technology. Results: Based on this literature review, two positive profiles of different power were found: the silver surfers or “athletes” who are proficient digital users and the “older people with borrowed access” to digital technologies who are less powerful and independent while using technology. On the other hand, we also found some negative images of older adults: the “laidback” who are reluctant to use digital technologies but they have the necessary intellectual capacity to acquire IT skills on their own (strong in terms of power). The biggest group entails older people as technophobic, non-users, want-nots, digitally backward/internet laggards, digital immigrants, needy and those who are unaware of their digital condition. Conclusion: This research could offer a substantial contribution to policy-makers and public servants to provide better and friendlier online services, digital tools and applications in conjunction with the supply of IT courses for older individuals. © (2023), (International Society for Gerontechnology). All Rights Reserved.

关键词： grey digital divide ICTs internet older people public policy

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Determinant of importance-performance and willingness to participate in Komodo adaptive conservation programs

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Journal for Nature Conservation 2024年 81卷

作者： Sianipar, Imelda Masni Juniaty Lee, Chun-Hung Wang, Hurng-Jyuhn Kim, Doo-Chul Suryawan, I Wayan Koko PhD Student in Asia-Pacific Regional Studies College of Humanities and Social Sciences National Dong Hwa University Department of International Relations Faculty of Social Science and Political Science Universitas Kristen Indonesia Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies College of Environmental Studies and Oceanography National Dong Hwa University Program in Asia-Pacific Regional Studies College of Humanities and Social Sciences National Dong Hwa University Department of Rural Environment Management Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science Okayama University Ph.D Program in Asia-Pacific Regional Studies College of Humanities and Social Sciences National Dong Hwa University Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Infrastructure Planning Universitas Pertamina Jalan Sinabung II Terusan Simprug

This study delves into the evaluation of the Komodo dragons Adaptive Conservation program (KACP) at Komodo National Park in Indonesia through Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA). It aims to understand how the programs components align with community priorities and assess its effectiveness. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, this research analyzes community perceptions of KACP's critical elements, spanning eco-tourism initiatives to environmental protection strategies. The community is categorized into local advocates, eco-tourism enthusiasts, and eco-community harmonizers, identifying how each group perceives and interacts with various facets of KACP. The findings reveal significant differences in perceptions of importance and performance among these groups, providing insights into areas of strength and those needing improvement. Additionally, the study includes an analysis of demographic influences on these perceptions through Logit and Probit models, aiming to understand the impacts across different community segments. The results highlight the necessity for an adaptive and responsive design in conservation efforts, considering community expectations and ecological impacts. Despite offering comprehensive insights, the study acknowledges limitations in the demographic scope and suggests future research directions, such as longitudinal studies and an expanded analysis of variables. These findings offer critical guidance for policymakers and conservation practitioners to enhance conservation programs’ effectiveness and community alignment, emphasizing the need to adapt to the challenges and changes introduced by KACP. © 2024 Elsevier GmbH

关键词： Adaptive capacity Community perception Conservation strategy evaluation Importance-performance analysis Protected areas

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The environmental challenges of urban living: Why willingness to pay for apartments matters

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Environmental Challenges 2023年 13卷

作者： Tehupeiory, Aarce Mulyana, Rachmat Sianipar, Imelda Masni Juniaty Suryawan, I Wayan Koko Septiariva, Iva Yenis Prayogo, Wisnu Doctor of Law Program Universitas Kristen Indonesia Jakarta Cawang 13630 Indonesia Department of Building Engineering Education Universitas Negeri Medan Medan Indonesia PhD Student in Asia-Pacific Regional Studies College of Humanities and Social Sciences National Dong Hwa University Hualien 974 Taiwan Department of International Relations Faculty of Social Science and Political Science Universitas Kristen Indonesia Jakarta 13630 Indonesia Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Infrastructure Planning Universitas Pertamina Jakarta 12220 Indonesia Civil Engineering Study Program Faculty of Engineering Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta 57126 Indonesia

This study aims to understand the willingness of urban communities in Jabodetabek (Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, Bekasi) to move to apartment dwellings, and a study was conducted using a quantitative survey method. The study aimed to analyze the sociodemographic factors influencing the decision to switch to vertical housing. The survey collected data from a sample of individuals representing the entire population in Jabodetabek. The participants in the study were selected from various locations within Jabodetabek, including Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi. These areas were chosen to comprehensively represent the metropolitan region and its urban communities. By including participants from different locations within Jabodetabek, the study aimed to capture individuals' diverse perspectives and experiences in this region. The survey covered a range of sociodemographic factors such as gender, income, education level, marital status, occupancy, and residence ownership. The participants were divided into two groups: those willing to pay for an apartment and those who wereilling to pay for an apartment and those not. By comparing the characteristics of these two groups, the study aimed to identify significant differences and understand the factors influencing the willingness to move to apartment dwellings. The study results showed significant differences in income level, education level, marital status, and occupancy between the two groups. Income level was the most significant factor affecting an individual's willingness to pay for an apartment. Additionally, the perception of better apartment productivity, which includes reduced transportation time and costs associated with work or other business purposes, increased the demand for apartments. The study found that income level was the most significant factor affecting an individual's willingness to pay for an apartment. The perception of better apartment productivity also increased demand for apartments,

关键词： Apartments Better productivity Jabodetabek Metropolitan cities Sociodemographics Willingness to Pay

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ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEWS AND CASE STUDIES: Participatory Watershed Management: A Case Study from Maritime Canada

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Environmental Practice 2012年第2期14卷 143-154页

作者： Guehlstorf, Nicholas Hallstrom, Lars K [a1]PhD Associate Professor Department of Political Science Environmental Sciences Program Southern Illinois University Edwardsville Illinois [a2]PhD Director Alberta Centre for Sustainable Rural Communities Associate Professor of Political Studies/Resource Economics and Environmental Sociology Department of Social Sciences (Augustana Faculty) and Faculty of Agricultural Life and Environmental Sciences University of Alberta Edmonton Canada

Canada has seen some community approaches to watershed management similar to network governance, citizen advisory boards, and participatory action mechanisms. These collaborative approaches are highlighted in scholarship, but are limited by context as implementation is not utilized well beyond local situations. The successes of Nova Scotia wetlands are generalizable, as they provide applicable knowledge about natural resource governance with limited federal guidelines, numerous exclusionary authorities, and new regional development tactics that are beneficial for many. In practice, this case study specifically explains the role of earnest, local, and inclusive participation that is well coordinated with multiple civic agencies. Environmental Practice 14:143-153 (2012) [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]

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Recruitment strategies for gender equity: Lessons from Cohort 1 ADVANCE institutions

Recruitment strategies for gender equity: Lessons from Cohor...

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118th ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition

作者： Zajicek, Anna M. Morimoto, Shauna A. Terdalkar, Aparna S. Hunt, Valerie H. Rencis, Joseph J. Lisnic, Rodica Department of Sociology and Criminal Justice University of Arkansas United States Department of Political Science Public Policy PhD Program University of Arkansas United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Arkansas Fayetteville United States

The NSF ADVANCE program represents one of the most far reaching gender equity efforts implemented jointly by a government agency and institutions of higher education. Focusing on science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) disciplines, in 2001, an inaugural group of universities received NSF ADVANCE Institutional Transformation (IT) awards to increase the representation of women faculty in science and engineering. To date, a total of five cohorts of 44 institutions of higher education have received the award, and the 19 institutions comprising the 2001 and 2003 cohorts have completed their five-year projects. In this paper, we examine the effectiveness of recruitment programs and practices developed by Cohort 1 ADVANCE institutions in an effort to increase the representation of women faculty. Towards this end, we focus on changes in the number of women faculty at the assistant professor rank in colleges of engineering at seven Cohort 1 ADVANCE institutions. We examine performance during both the 2001-2006 grant period, and the sustained impact of ADVANCE by examining the trajectory of colleges of engineering up through the three years following receipt of the grant (2006-2009). Using these changes as an indicator of the effectiveness of recruitment programs, we determine which colleges of engineering associated with Cohort 1 universities show stronger performance. Subsequently, we compare the key components of recruitment programs initiated at both stronger and weaker performing institutions during the ADVANCE grant period. Our analysis of changes during the grant period reveals that four out of seven colleges of engineering added between four and seven women to the faculty at the assistant professor rank, and two institutions added one female assistant professor each. Georgia Tech's College of Engineering, where the number of female assistant professors fell by four, constitutes an exception to this overall trend. A longer term view (2001-2009) reveals

关键词： Engineering education

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知证卫生决策工具之四--使用证据明确问题

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中国循证医学杂志 2010年第3期10卷 262-268页

作者： John N Lavis Michael G Wilson Andrew D Oxman Simon Lewin Atle Fretheim 李鸿浩蒋兰慧王莉李幼平 Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Department of Political Science McMaster University 1200 Main St. West HSC-2D3 Hamilton ON Canada L8N 3Z5 Health Research Methodology PhD Program and Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics 1200 Main St. West HSC-2D1 Area Hamilton ON Canada L8N 3Z5 Norwegian Knowledge Centre for the Health Services P.O. Box 7004 St. Olavs plass N-0130 Oslo Norway Health Systems Research Unit Medical Research Council of South Africa Section for International Health Institute of General Practice and Community Medicine Faculty of Medicine University of Oslo Norway

政策制定者及其决策支持者常发现他们会面临一些促使他们想找到定义一个问题的最佳方法的情况,包括如在议会上被问及一个棘手或有挑战性的问题或成为头条新闻的问题。政策制定者想找准问题的动机多种多样.从想确定是否该对他人认为重要... 详细信息

政策制定者及其决策支持者常发现他们会面临一些促使他们想找到定义一个问题的最佳方法的情况,包括如在议会上被问及一个棘手或有挑战性的问题或成为头条新闻的问题。政策制定者想找准问题的动机多种多样.从想确定是否该对他人认为重要的问题给予重视,到如何说服他人认同某一问题的重要性。围绕如何定义一个问题的争论和努力是政策制定过程中至关重要的部分。这些争论和努力的结果将影响决策者决定是否采取行动来解决问题及对其决定如何采取措施也有部分影响。这些并行事件与政策和项目方案(如发表一份展示特定方案效果的报告),或政治事件(如对某一问题感兴趣的人被任命为卫生部长)有关。我们在本文中提出以下问题来指导那些需要定义问题并描述问题特点的人:①问题是什么?②问题是如何引起关注的?该过程是否会影响解决这一问题的前景?③应使用或收集什么指标来确定问题的重要程度和评估问题解决的进展程度?④应采用何种对照来确定问题的重要程度并评估问题解决的进展程度?⑤应如何拟订(或描述)问题来动员不同群体?

关键词：卫生决策证据工具制定过程卫生部长题解评估

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知证卫生决策工具之五--使用证据拟订解决问题的方案

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中国循证医学杂志 2010年第3期10卷 269-275页

作者： John N Lavis Michael G Wilson Andrew D Oxman Jeremy Grimshaw Simon Lewin Atle Fretheim 李玲蒋兰慧王莉李幼平 Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Department of Political Science McMaster University 1200 Main St. West HSC-2D3 Hamilton ON Canada L8N 3Z5 Health Research Methodology PhD Program and Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics 1200 Main St. West HSC-2D1 Area Hamilton ON Canada L8N 3Z5 Norwegian Knowledge Centre for the Health Services P.O. Box 7004 St. Olavs plass N 0130 Oslo Norway Clinical Epidemiology Program Ottawa Health Research Institute Administration Building Room 2-017 1053 Carling Ave. Ottawa ON Canada K1Y 4E9 Health Systems Research Unit Medical Research Council of South Africa Section for International Health Institute of General Practice and Community Medicine Faculty of Medicine University of Oslo Norway

决策者及其决策支持者可能会面临以下三种情况中的一种或多种,均需要他们评估拟订方案的成本和效果。这三种情况如下:①当做出决策后,决策者及其决策支持者需考虑如何使该方案的获益最大化、危害最小化、资金使用最优化。如果方案可能... 详细信息

决策者及其决策支持者可能会面临以下三种情况中的一种或多种,均需要他们评估拟订方案的成本和效果。这三种情况如下:①当做出决策后,决策者及其决策支持者需考虑如何使该方案的获益最大化、危害最小化、资金使用最优化。如果方案可能需要的成本及产生的效果都存在很大不确定性时,还需制定监测和评估计划;②决策过程中,决策者及其决策支持者需要对提交上来的方案进行评估;③决策尚未做出前,决策者及其决策支持者需开展确定方案、分析方案不同的成本和效果、寻找实施方案的最佳时机。上述情况下,研究证据,特别是有关利弊评估及成本分析方面的证据可帮助决策者及其决策支持者了解方案的可行性。本文将列出以下6个问题供那些为解决最优问题和评估项目成本和效果而需要理清政策和项目方案的人参考:①是否已有一套解决问题的合理方案?②哪些获益对受方案影响者重要;每种方案将会产生哪些获益?③哪些方案会严重影响受方案影响者;各种方案将产生哪些危害?④每种方案的当地成本是多少;是否有各种方案成本效果研究的当地证据?⑤执行任何一项"拿来方案"时应做出哪些相应的调整,其是否会改变方案的获益、危害和成本?⑥哪些利益相关者的哪些意见和经验可能影响方案的可接受性以及方案获益、危害和成本?

关键词：证据卫生决策成本分析工具利益相关者资金使用项目成本成本效果

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知证卫生决策工具之九--系统评价结果的适用性评价

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中国循证医学杂志 2010年第4期10卷 398-404页

作者： John N Lavis Andrew D Oxman Nathan M Souza Simon Lewin Russell L Gruen Atle Fretheim 李幼平杨晓妍陈群飞蒋兰慧 Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatisticsand Department of Political ScienceMcMaster University1200 Main St. WestHSC-2D3HamiltonONCanadaL8N 3Z5 Norwegian Knowledge Centre for the Health Services P.O. Box 7004St. Olavs plassN-0130 OsloNorway Health Research Methodology PhD Program and Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics 1200 Main St. WestHSC-2D1 AreaHamiltonONCanadaL8N 3Z5 Health Systems Research Unit Medical Research Council of South Africa The Alfred Hospital Monash UniversityLevel 489 Commercial RdMelbourneVICAustralia 3004 Section for International Health Institute of General Practice and Community MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of OsloNorway

卫生体系的差异往往使得在某种环境下适用的卫生政策或规划不适用于其他情况,或这种差异使相同的卫生政策或规划在不同环境下起作用的方式不同,甚至使其效果大相径庭。因此,决策者及其支持者所面临的最大挑战是需弄清支持某一决策的研... 详细信息

卫生体系的差异往往使得在某种环境下适用的卫生政策或规划不适用于其他情况,或这种差异使相同的卫生政策或规划在不同环境下起作用的方式不同,甚至使其效果大相径庭。因此,决策者及其支持者所面临的最大挑战是需弄清支持某一决策的研究证据是否适用于他们所处的环境。系统评价通过总结各种背景下的研究证据而使这一问题迎刃而解。但许多系统评价并未对描述原始研究的实施背景。本文建议用下面几个问题来指导决策者评价系统评价结果在特定环境下的适用性:①系统评价纳入研究的实施背景是否相同或研究结果是否能在不同环境下或不同时期内保持一致性?②有可能明显改变决策的可接受性和可行性的现实条件和制约因素是否存在重要差异?③在卫生系统制度方面是否存在重要差异从而意味着某种决策不能以同样的方式起作用?④基线情况是否存在重要差异以至于产生不同的绝对效应,尽管相对效应是一致的?⑤从决策、实施、监测及评估中还能得到哪些启示?尽管有理由推断某决策在某特定环境下的作用可能不同,但我们几乎总是可以从对各种可能的决策方案及其实施、监测、评估方法的系统评价中获得一些启示。

关键词：评价系统适用性卫生决策工具卫生政策评估方法卫生体系现实条件

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