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Effect of degrading yellow oxo-biodegradable low-density polyethylene films to water quality

IOP Conference Series: Materials science and engineering 2017年第1期201卷

作者： B A Requejo B B Pajarito Environmental Engineering Program University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City 1101 Philippines Polymer Research Laboratory Department of Chemical Engineering University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City 1101 Philippines

Polyethylene (PE) contributes largely to plastic wastes that are disposed in aquatic environment as a consequence of its widespread use. In this study, yellow oxo-biodegradable low-density PE films were immersed in deionized water at 50°C for 49 days. Indicators of water quality: pH, oxidation-reduction potential, turbidity, and total dissolved solids (TDS), were monitored at regular intervals. It was observed that pH initially rises and then slowly decreases with time, oxidation-reduction potential decreases then slowly increases with time, turbidity rises above the control at varied rates, and TDS increases abruptly and rises at a hindered rate. Moreover, the films potentially leach out lead chromate. The results imply that degrading oxo-biodegradable LDPE films results to significant reduction of water quality.

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Macromol. React. Eng. 5/2018

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Macromolecular Reaction engineering 2018年第5期12卷

作者： Mohsen Mogheiseh Gholam Hossein Zohuri Mostafa Khoshsefat Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad PO Box 91775‐1436 Iran Environmental Chemistry Research Centre Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad PO Box 91775‐1436 Iran Department of Catalyst Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI) Tehran PO Box 14965/115 Iran Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 1H9 Canada

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Functionalization of polyacrylonitrile-grafted cellulose with amidoxime and its antimicrobial property

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2018年第1期2045卷

作者： M. Abdullah R. A. Majid L. C. Abdullah M. F. Abdul-Wahab M. Q. F. A. Aziz N. H. M. Sabri S. A. Hamdan S. N. A. Zaiton S. H. A. Muhamad 1Faculty of Chemical Engineering Universiti Teknologi MARA Johor Branch Pasir Gudang Campus Bandar Seri Alam 81750 Masai Johor Malaysia 3Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 Serdang Selangor Malaysia 2Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering Department Faculty of Chemical end Energy Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTM Skudai Johor Malaysia 4Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTM Skudai Johor Malaysia 5Faculty of Applied Science Universiti Teknologi MARA Johor Branch Pasir Gudang Campus Bandar Seri Alam 81750 Masai Johor Malaysia

Copolymer of polyacrylonitrile grafted with cellulose (AN-g-cellulose) was modified by reacting with hydroxylamine hydrochloride at pH 6, to functionalize it with amidoxime functional groups. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis was carried out to characterize the AN-g-cellulose to confirm the presence of amidoxime groups. Water swelling characterization has also been conducted to investigate the water absorptivity of the modified cellulose polymers. The antimicrobial activity was tested against a Gram positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and a Gram negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Most of the modified polymers do not seem to inhibit microbial growth, except for AN-g-cellulose on S. aureus, suggesting the need for further modifications and functionalizations to improve the antimicrobial properties.

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Switch between critical percolation modes in city traffic dynamics

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Zeng, Guanwen Li, Daqing Guo, Shengmin Gao, Liang Gao, Ziyou Stanley, H. Eugene Havlin, Shlomo School of Reliability and Systems Engineering Beihang University Beijing100191 China Science and Technology on Reliability and Environmental Engineering Laboratory Beijing100191 China State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment Beihang University Beijing100191 China School of Traffic and Transportation Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China Center for Polymer Studies Boston University BostonMA02215 United States Physics Department Boston University BostonMA02215 United States Department of Physics Ramat Gan Bar-Ilan University 52900 Israel

Percolation transition is widely observed in networks ranging from biology to engineering. While much attention has been paid to network topologies, studies rarely focus on critical percolation phenomena driven by network dynamics. Using extensive real data, we study the critical percolation properties in city traffic dynamics. Our results suggest that two modes of different critical percolation behaviors are switching in the same network topology under different traffic dynamics. One mode of city traffic (during nonrush hours or days off) has similar critical percolation characteristics as small world networks, while the other mode (during rush hours on working days) tends to behave as a 2D lattice. This switching behavior can be understood by the fact that the high-speed urban roads during nonrush hours or days off (that are congested during rush hours) represent effective long-range connections, like in small world networks. Our results might be useful for understanding and improving traffic resilience. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Solvents

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Simulation of charge transport in organic semiconductors: A time-dependent multiscale method based on nonequilibrium Green's functions

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Physical Review Materials 2017年第6期1卷 064601-064601页

作者： S. Leitherer C. M. Jäger A. Krause M. Halik T. Clark M. Thoss Institute for Theoretical Physics and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials University Erlangen-Nürnberg Staudtstrasse 7/B2 D-91058 Erlangen Germany Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Nottingham University Park NG7 2RD Nottingham United Kingdom Computer-Chemie-Centrum and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy University Erlangen-Nürnberg Nägelsbachstrasse 25 91052 Erlangen Germany Organic Materials & Devices Institute of Polymer Materials Department of Materials Science University Erlangen-Nürnberg Martensstrasse 7 D-91058 Erlangen Germany

In weakly interacting organic semiconductors, static disorder and dynamic disorder often have an important impact on transport properties. Describing charge transport in these systems requires an approach that correctly takes structural and electronic fluctuations into account. Here, we present a multiscale method based on a combination of molecular-dynamics simulations, electronic-structure calculations, and a transport theory that uses time-dependent nonequilibrium Green's functions. We apply the methodology to investigate charge transport in C60-containing self-assembled monolayers, which are used in organic field-effect transistors.

关键词： Electrical conductivity Organic electronics Quantum transport Transport phenomena Field-effect transistors Multiple time scale dynamics Organic semiconductors Green's function methods Landauer formula Methods in transport Molecular dynamics Multiscale modeling

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Wrinkling Devices: Moisture‐Responsive Wrinkling Surfaces with Tunable Dynamics (Adv. Mater. 24/2017)

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Advanced Materials 2017年第24期29卷

作者： Songshan Zeng Rui Li Stephan G. Freire Vivian M. M. Garbellotto Emily Y. Huang Andrew T. Smith Cong Hu William R. T. Tait Zichao Bian Guoan Zheng Dianyun Zhang Luyi Sun Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Polymer Program Institute of Materials Science University of Connecticut Storrs CT 06269 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Connecticut Storrs CT 06269 USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Connecticut Storrs CT 06269 USA

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Corrigendum to "Surface chemical functionalization of cellulose nanocrystals by 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane"[Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 106 (2018) 1288-1296]

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International journal of biological macromolecules 2018年 113卷 1316页

作者： Hossein Khanjanzadeh Rabi Behrooz Nader Bahramifar Wolfgang Gindl-Altmutter Markus Bacher Matthias Edler Thomas Griesser Department of Wood and Paper Science and Technology Faculty of Natural Resources Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran. Department of Wood and Paper Science and Technology Faculty of Natural Resources Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran. Electronic address: rabi.behrooz@modares.ac.ir. Department of Environmental Science Faculty of Natural Resources Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran. Department of Materials Science and Process Engineering BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Science Vienna Konrad Lorenz Strasse 24 A-3430 Tulln Austria. Department of Chemistry BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Science Vienna Konrad Lorenz Strasse 24 A-3430 Tulln Austria. Department of Polymer Technology University of Leoben Otto Glöckel Strasse 2 A-8700 Leoben Austria.

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Doxorubicin-loaded PLGA Microparticles with Internal Pores for Longacting Release in Pulmonary Tumor Inhalation Treatment

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Chinese Journal of polymer science 2015年第7期33卷 947-954页

作者： Tian-shi Feng 田华雨 Cai-na Xu Lin Lin Michael Hon-Wah Lam Hao-jun Liang Xue-si Chen CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of China Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Biology and Chemistry City University of Hong Kong Advanced Laboratory of Environmental Research and Technology(ALERT) Joint Advanced Research Center

Doxorubicin（DOX） loaded poly（lactic-co-glycolic acid）（PLGA） microparticles with internal pores（MP-D） were developed for long-acting release in pulmonary inhalation treatment. The PLGA microparticles exhibited favorable aerodynamic properties for pulmonary delivery. In vitro drug release profile suggested that MP-D have the advantage of long-term maintenance of drug concentrations. MTT assay demonstrated the in vitro anti-tumor efficiency of the DOX loaded PLGA microparticles. Furthermore, melanoma lung metastasis model was established to determine the in vivo antitumor efficiency. The mice treated with MP-D showed significantly fewer lesions than the untreated ones. The survival analysis indicated that MP-D prolonged the survival time of tumor-bearing mice. These results suggested that DOX loaded PLGA microparticles with internal pores have the potential to be used as long-acting release carriers in clinical lung cancer treatment.

关键词： Doxorubicin Poly（lactic-co-glycolic acid） Internal pores Long-acting release Pulmonary inhalation

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Ambient Electrosynthesis of Ammonia: Electrode Porosity and Composition engineering

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Angewandte Chemie 2018年第38期130卷

作者： Hong Wang Lu Wang Qiang Wang Shuyang Ye Wei Sun Yue Shao Zhiping Jiang Qiao Qiao Yimei Zhu Pengfei Song Debao Li Le He Xiaohong Zhang Jiayin Yuan Tom Wu Geoffrey A. Ozin Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education Institute of Polymer Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China Materials Chemistry and Nanochemistry Research Group Solar Fuels Cluster Centre for Inorganic and Polymeric Nanomaterials Departments of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry and Electrical and Computing Engineering University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S3H6 Canada Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion Institute of Coal Chemistry The Chinese Academy of Sciences Taiyuan 030001 China Department of Physics Temple University Philadelphia PA 19122 USA Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973 USA College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwest Normal University Lanzhou 730070 P. R. China Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry Stockholm University 10691 Stockholm Sweden School of Materials Science and Engineering UNSW Australia Kensington Campus Building E10 Sydney NSW 2052 Australia

Ammonia, a key precursor for fertilizer production, convenient hydrogen carrier, and emerging clean fuel, plays a pivotal role in sustaining life on Earth. Currently, the main route for NH 3 synthesis is by the heterogeneous catalytic Haber–Bosch process (N 2 +3 H 2 →2 NH 3 ), which proceeds under extreme conditions of temperature and pressure with a very large carbon footprint. Herein we report that a pristine nitrogen‐doped nanoporous graphitic carbon membrane (NCM) can electrochemically convert N 2 into NH 3 in an acidic aqueous solution under ambient conditions. The Faradaic efficiency and rate of production of NH 3 on the NCM electrode reach 5.2 % and 0.08 g m −2 h −1 , respectively. Functionalization of the NCM with Au nanoparticles dramatically enhances these performance metrics to 22 % and 0.36 g m −2 h −1 , respectively. As this system offers the potential to be scaled to industrial levels it is highly likely that it might displace the century‐old Haber–Bosch process.

关键词： Elektrokatalyse Funktionalisierung polymere ionische Flüssigkeiten Poröse Kohlenstoffmembranen Stickstoff-Fixierung

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Inside Back Cover: Ambient Electrosynthesis of Ammonia: Electrode Porosity and Composition engineering (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 38/2018)

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Angewandte Chemie International Edition 2018年第38期57卷

作者： Dr. Hong Wang Dr. Lu Wang Dr. Qiang Wang Shuyang Ye Dr. Wei Sun Yue Shao Zhiping Jiang Dr. Qiao Qiao Dr. Yimei Zhu Prof. Pengfei Song Dr. Debao Li Prof. Le He Prof. Xiaohong Zhang Prof. Jiayin Yuan Prof. Tom Wu Prof. Geoffrey A. Ozin Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education Institute of Polymer Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China Materials Chemistry and Nanochemistry Research Group Solar Fuels Cluster Centre for Inorganic and Polymeric Nanomaterials Departments of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry and Electrical and Computing Engineering University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S3H6 Canada Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion Institute of Coal Chemistry The Chinese Academy of Sciences Taiyuan 030001 China Department of Physics Temple University Philadelphia PA 19122 USA Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973 USA College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwest Normal University Lanzhou 730070 P. R. China Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry Stockholm University 10691 Stockholm Sweden School of Materials Science and Engineering UNSW Australia Kensington Campus Building E10 Sydney NSW 2052 Australia

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