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Multiscale investigation of seismic precursors before major earthquakes

Mechanics Research Communications 2025年 147卷

作者： Leandro Ferreira Friedrich Mariana Hamdan Padilha Giuseppe Lacidogna Ignacio Iturrioz Department of Structural Geotechnical and Building Engineering Politecnico di Torino 24 Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 10129 Torino Italy Mechanical Post-Graduate Program Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Sarmento Leite 425 CEP 90050-170 Porto Alegre Brazil

In various mechanical systems, the study of damage processes can be approached from the perspective of continuous phase transition phenomena, a subject typically explored within the framework of statistical physics. This viewpoint enables a more refined interpretation of failure precursors, which are of great importance in the field. The present study investigates failure precursors through two case studies: the material failure process by using the Fiber Bundle Model and the seismicity of the 2023 Turkey Mw7.7 earthquake. To identify the criticality, two approaches are considered: (1) Natural Time (NT) analysis and (2) the Method of Critical Fluctuation-Based (MCF-B) approach. By comparing the evolution of precursors in both cases, the findings highlight their potential for predicting critical situations.

关键词： Large scale systems

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Organizational Trouble Shooting through Integration between the Theory of the Restrictions Thinking Process and Lean Tools

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2014年第6期8卷 738-745页

作者： Tatiana Gondim do Amaral Vitor Hugo Martins Resende Department of Post Graduate Degree Program in Geotechnical Civil Construction and Structure (PPGECON) FederalUniversity of Goidts Goidnia 74886044 Brazil Department of Engineering Catholic University of Golds Goiania 74605-220 Brazil

The theory of constraints thinking process, created by Israeli physicist Eliyahu M. Goldratt, has emerged as a tool for achieving competitive advantage. Many researches also focused on the application of lean thinking developed by Toyota and proposed by Ohno. This philosophy has been proven to be effective in several production processes. This paper aims to propose a method of problem solving through the integration of theory of constraints thinking process and the principles of lean production. As a tool for problem identification, the method defends the use of current reality tree and, to solve problems, the lean thinking tools, proposed by Picchi. The developed method was implemented in a contractor. The research methodology was research-action. Among the results, there was a realistic diagnosis about the core problems in company. According to this, the core problem of the contractor is “the lack of commitment of manpower” that results in the main problem “the financial loss”. The principle of perfection was verbalized as a proposal to solve the problems and the tools to be implemented for solving problems were “commitment of senior management to employees” and “simplicity in communication”.

关键词： Commitment people culture change agreement theory.

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Fiber reinforced polymers for historical bridges upgrading: a fatigue life assessment

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Journal of Building Pathology and Rehabilitation 2023年第1期8卷 1-11页

作者： Garcez, Mônica Regina Meneghetti, Leila Cristina Post-Graduate Program in Civil Engineering: Construction and Infrastructure Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil Department of Structural and Geotechnical Engineering University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil

Upgrading historical structures is one of the most interesting applications of fiber reinforced polymers in construction. Historical bridges are frequently post-strengthened to increase load carrying capacity of structural elements, aiming to bear heavier commercial traffic. Fatigue life becomes crucial since the lack of available fatigue models leads to superficial analysis considering the same S–N curves for different strengthening systems and steel stress ranges. This paper uses an extensive database with experimental data from the literature to adjust linear regression models to characterize the large scatter between the results of fatigue tests from different sources. Distinct fatigue models have been developed considering three categories: externally bonded reinforcement with strips/sheets and new surface-mounted reinforcement. The different declivities found for the adjusted fatigue life models accurately represent the fatigue behavior of the post-strengthened structural elements with the assessed systems and techniques. The results support design decisions to avoid future unnecessary interventions. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Fatigue life Fiber reinforced polymers Historical bridges Linear regression analysis

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Epley's maneuver in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo associated with Meniere's disease

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Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology 2007年第4期73卷 506-512页

作者： Ganança, Cristina Freitas Caovilla, Heloisa Helena Gazzola, Juliana Maria Ganança, Maurício Malavasi Ganança, Fernando Freitas Post-Graduate Course on Human Communication Disorders Sao Paulo Federal University - Paulista School of Medicine UNIFESP-EPM Otoneurology Discipline Speech Therapy School UNIFESP-EPM Otoneurology Discipline UNIFSP-EPM UNIFESP-EPM Postgraduate Course on Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery UNIFESP - EPM Department of Otorhinolaryngology UNIFESP-EPM Postgraduate Program for the Master's Degree in the Science of Body Movement Sao Paulo Bandeirante University UNIBAN Vestibular Rehabilitation Unit Otoneurology Discipline UNIFESP - EPM Science of Body Movement Program UNIBAN Sao Paulo Federal University - Paulista School of Medicine (UNIFESP-EPM)

The effects of Epley's maneuver in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) associated with Menière's disease are controversial. Aims: To evaluate the progression of positional vertigo and nystagmus after one or more of Epley's maneuvers in BPPV associated with Menière's disease, and the recurrence of BPPV. Method: a retrospective study of 62 patients with BPPV associated with Menière's disease, that underwent Epley's maneuver, and that were monitored during 12 months after elimination of positional nystagmus. Results: One Epley's maneuver was required to eliminate positional nystagmus in 80.7% of the patients, two in 16.1%, and three in 3.2%;after elimination of nystagmus, positional vertigo was suppressed in 71.0% of the patients, improved in 27.4% and remained unaltered in 1.6%. Four weeks after elimination of positional nystagmus, all patients were asymptomatic. Recurrence of BPPV was seen in 19.4% of the cases, with elimination of the positional vertigo and nystagmus by means of the specific maneuver for the involved canal. Conclusions: In BPPV associated with Menière's disease, vertigo and positioning nystagmus were eliminated with one, two or three Epley maneuvers. BPPV recurrence was resolved by using a specific maneuver for the affected canal. © Revista Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia. All Rights reserved.

关键词： Dizziness Labyrinth Meniere's disease Positional nystagmus

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Auditory evoked potentials in peripheral vestibular disorder individuals

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Arquivos Internacionais de Otorrinolaringologia 2014年第3期15卷 308-313页

作者： Carla Gentile Matas Sara Manami Silva Débora Dong Mei Wen Cristiane da Silva Nunes Seisse Gabriela Gandolfi Sanches Assistant Professor of the Department of Physiotherapy Phonoaudiology and Occupational Therapy University of São Paulo's Medical School. Specialist in Phonoaudiology at the Department of Physiotherapy Phonoaudiology and Occupational Therapy at Universidade de São Paulo's Medical School. Scholarship-holder Phonoaudiologist at the Department of Physiotherapy Phonoaudiology and Occupational Therapy at Universidade de São Paulo's Medical School. Graduated in Phonoaudiology from the Department of Physiotherapy Phonoaudiology and Occupational Therapy at Universidade de São Paulo's Medical School Phonoaudiologist. Specialist in Phonoaudiology at the Department of Physiotherapy Phonoaudiology and Occupational Therapy at Universidade de São Paulo's Medical School. Post-graduate (Master Degree) Phonoaudiologist from the Post-graduation Program in Rehabilitation Sciences from University of São Paulo's Medical School. Doctor Phonoaudiologist in Rehabilitation Sciences from the Department of Physiotherapy Phonoaudiology and Occupational Therapy at Universidade de São Paulo's Medical School Assistant Phonoaudiologist in the Degree of Phonoaudiology Universidade de São Paulo's Medical School.

Introduction: The auditory and vestibular systems are located in the same peripheral receptor, however they enter the CNS and go through different ways, thus creating a number of connections and reaching a wide area of the encephalon. Despite going through different ways, some changes can impair both systems. Such tests as Auditory Evoked Potentials can help find a diagnosis when vestibular alterations are seen. Objective: describe the Auditory Evoked Potential results in individuals complaining about dizziness or vertigo with Peripheral Vestibular Disorders and in normal individuals having the same complaint. Methods: Short, middle and long latency Auditory Evoked Potentials were performed as a transversal prospective study. Conclusion: individuals complaining about dizziness or vertigo can show some changes in BAEP (Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potential), MLAEP (Medium Latency Auditory Evoked Potential) and P300.

关键词： auditory evoked potentials dizziness vestibular disorders Palavras chave potenciais evocados auditivos tontura doenças vestibulares

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EPAS APPROACH TO VADOSE ZONE MONITORING AT RCRA FACILITIES

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GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION 1993年第1期13卷 151-158页

作者： DURANT, ND MYERS, VB ECCLES, LA Washington D.C. 20460) has worked as an environmental scientist in the RCRA corrective action program at EPA since 1989. After graduating from Colgate University in 1987 Durant worked for GeoTrans Inc. conducting hydrogeologic investigations at numerous waste disposal sites throughout the northeastern United States. At present Durant is pursuing an M.S. degree in environmental science from The Johns Hopkins University. His research is focused on enhancing in situ biodegradation of aromatic organic compounds in the subsurface. Washington D. C. 20460) graduated from The Johns Hopkins University in 1972 with a B.A. degree in natural sciences. Myers received a Ph.D. in oceanography from Florida State University in 1977. During 1978 he held a post doctoral fellowship at University of Florida in the Department of Environmental Engineering and Science. From 1979 to 1983 Myers was employed by the Florida Department of Environmental Regulation where he worked on environmental restoration projects. Since 1984 Myers has worked at EPA managing RCRA ground water monitoring and corrective action programs. Lawrence A. Eccles (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory P.O. Box 93478 Las Vegas NV 89193–3478) is a hydrologist with the EPA Environmental Monitoring Systems Research Laboratory in Las Vegas Nevada. Eccles is responsible for the development of vadose zone and in situ monitoring techniques and guidelines. After graduating from Monmouth College with a B.S. degree in chemistry Eccles performed graduate work in chemical engineering at New Mexico State University. He received formal training in hydrology in 1969 from the U.S. Geological Survey in Denver and worked with that agency before joining EPA at Las Vegas in 1984. One of his co-authored articles was chosen for the Best Paper Award by the journal Ground Water in 1975 and another was the subject of a cover story for Water Well Journal in 1977.

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) recently proposed to amend federal regulations to require vadose zone monitoring at certain hazardous waste facilities. To support this proposal, EPA evaluated previous policy on vadose zone monitoring and examined advances in vadose zone monitoring technology. Changes in EPA vadose zone monitoring policy were driven by demonstrated advances in the available monitoring technology and improvements in understanding of vadose zone processes. When used under the appropriate conditions, currently available direct and indirect monitoring methods can effectively detect contamination that may leak from hazardous waste facilities into the vadose zone. Direct techniques examined include soil-core monitoring and soil-pore liquid monitoring. Indirect techniques examined include soil-gas monitoring, neutron moderation, complex resistivity, ground-penetrating radar, and electrical resistivity. Properly designed vadose zone monitoring networks can act as a complement to saturated zone monitoring networks at numerous hazardous waste facilities. At certain facilities, particularly those in arid climates where the saturated zone is relatively deep, effective vadose zone monitoring may allow a reduction in the scope of saturated zone monitoring programs.

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SWIMMING AND PHYSICAL-FITNESS DURING PREGNANCY

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JOURNAL OF NURSE-MIDWIFERY 1981年第6期26卷 3-12页

作者： SIBLEY, L RUHLING, RO CAMERONFOSTER, J CHRISTENSEN, C BOLEN, T Lynn Sibley received her B.S. in Nursing from the University of Colorado Denver Colorado in 1973 and her M.S. in Parent-Child Nursing and Nurse-Midwifery from the University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah in 1980. Ms. Sibley is currently working as a clinical instructor and practicing nurse-midwifery at the University of Colorado School of Nursing Graduate Program Nurse-Midwifery Tract. Robert O. Ruhling received his Ph.D. in Exercise Physiology from Michigan State University in 1970. He spent two years on NIH Post-Doctoral Research Traineeship (Cardiovascular Physiology) at the Institute of Environmental Stress University of California Santa Barbara. In 1972 he assumed the Directorship of the Human Performance Research Laboratory in the College of Health at the University of Utah. Currently he is Professor of Physical Education and active in both teaching and research. Joyce Cameron-Foster received her B.S. in Nursing from the University of California Los Angeles California in 1958. She received her M.S. in Nursing and Nurse-Midwifery from Yale University in 1961 and her Ph.D. in Health Science from the University of Utah in 1981. Dr. Foster is currently working as an Associate Professor in the Graduate Nurse-Midwifery Program University of Utah. Carol Christensen received her Ph.D. in Physical Education from the University of Utah in 1980. Prior to coming to Utah she earned her M.A. at the University of California Santa Barbara in Ergonomics in 1976. Currently Dr. Christensen is Assistant Professor in the Department of Human Performance San Jose State University. Timothy Bolen received his B.S. degree in Education from Central Michigan University in 1977. He worked for two years with the Central Michigan University Adult Fitness Program as an Exercise Leader. He is completing requirements for his M.S. in Physical Education at the University of Utah. Currently Mr. Bolen is on the staff of the Cardiac Rehabilitation Institute at Borgess Medical Center Kalamazoo Michigan.

The influence of aerobic swin conditioning on levels of maternal physical fitness and the influence of each swim bout on selected maternal and fetal circulatory parameters were investigated. Thirteen women who met criteria for a low-risk homogeneous sample were randomly assigned to either an experimental (n = 7) or a control (n = 6) group. Experimental subjects participated in ten weeks of a swim conditioning program, while control subjects maintained their normal activities (to exclude aerobic conditioning). Fitness levels for all subjects were determined from respiratory gas analysis during graded exercise testing on a treadmill prior to and following the swim conditioning program. Testing indicated that experimental subjects were able to maintain their initial fitness levels over the twelve weeks of increasing gestation, while control subjects were not able to do so. These findings suggest the effectiveness of the swim conditioning program in countering a potential decrease in fitness levels. Importantly, maternal blood pressure, pulse, and fetal heart rate response remained within clinically normal limits during swim conditioning for experimental subjects, and during treadmill testing for all subjects.

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Corrigendum to "Immediate effect of basic body awareness therapy on heart rate variability" [Complement. Ther. Clin. Pract. 22 (2016) 8-11]

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Complementary therapies in clinical practice 2018年 31卷 388页

作者： Alessandra Madia Mantovani Cristina Elena Prado Teles Fregonesi Roselene Modolo Regueiro Lorençoni Nathalia Ulices Savian Mariana Romanholi Palma Afonso Shiguemi Inoue Salgado Luís Vicente Franco de Oliveira Rodolfo Borges Parreira PhD Student in Science Motricity Institute of Biosciences Universidade Estadual Paulista Rio Claro SP 19060-900 Brazil. Department of Post Graduate Program of Physical Therapy Universidade Estadual Paulista Presidente Prudente 19060-900 Brazil. School of Postural and Manual Therapy Salgado Institute of Integral Health Londrina 86055-240 PR Brazil. Rehabilitation Sciences Master and Doctoral Degree Program - Nove de Julho University UNINOVE Sao Paulo SP 01504-000 Brazil. School of Postural and Manual Therapy Salgado Institute of Integral Health Londrina 86055-240 PR Brazil. Electronic address: dolfo23@***.

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THE STRUCTURAL SYNTHESIS DESIGN program - ITS IMPACT ON THE FLEET

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1983年第3期95卷 87-99页

作者： WIERNICKI, CJ GOODING, TG NAPPI, NS Mr. Christopher J. Wiernicki:graduated from Vanderbilt University in 1980 with a B.E. degree in Structural Engineering. Upon graduation he began his professional career at the David Taylor Naval Ship Research and Development Center. As a structural engineer in the Surface Ship Structures Division Mr. Wiernicki was responsible for developing improved methods and procedures for designing and evaluating structural systems for surf ace combatants. Specific projects included design for producibility development and evaluation of automated ship structural design methods and participation in the structural design of the CG 49 Cruiser and the current DDG 51 Destroyer. In 1982 Mr. Wiernicki received his M.S. degree in Ocean Engineering from George Washington University. Mr. Wiernicki is a recipient of the SNAME 1982-82 Graduate Scholarship and is currently doing post graduate work in Naval Architecture at Massachusetts Institute of Technology he is a member of ASNE SNAME ASCE and Chi Epsilon. Mr. Thomas G. Gooding:graduated in 1975 from the University of Michigan with B.S. degrees in Oceanography and Naval Architecture. After graduation he began his professional career at the Naval Ship Engineering Center (NA VSEC) as a structural engineer. From 1975 till 1978 Mr. Gooding worked in the area of ship dry docking and was the structural task leader on the complex overhaul ofUSS Long Beach (CGN-9). Mr. Gooding returned to the University of Michigan to receive a M.S. in Naval Architecture in 1979. Currently Mr. Gooding is the structural task leader on the DDGX/DDG 51 program at the Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA). Mr. Gooding is a member of SNAME and the Naval Institute. Mr. Natale S. Nappi:graduated from City College of New York in 1954 with a Bachelor of Civil Engineering and received his M.S. in Civil Engineering from Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn in 1959. He began his professional career in 1964 at the New York Naval Shipyard as a Naval Architect (Structure) performing detail structural design and fabrication s

The structural design of a ship's section is a complicated, repetitive and time consuming task. With the advent of new technology, high speed computers have enabled the ship designer to accomplish in a matter of seconds what would formerly take days to accomplish by hand. The Structural Synthesis Design program (SSDP) is a N avy developed computer-aided design tool which is used to design (or to analyze) the longitudinal scantlings for a variety of ship cross sections, consisting of any practical combinations of decks, platforms, bulkheads and materials, i.e., various steel and aluminum alloys. The final hull section design will have the lowest practical weight for the chosen geometric configuration, structural arrangements, and imposed loadings. The scantling developed by the program will satisfy all U.S. N avy ship structural design criteria. An explanation of the objective and design elements of N avy ship structures is included. The rationale behind the SSDP design philosophy is developed along with the significant program capabilities. In an attempt to highlight the influence of automated design procedures on the current naval ship design process, the effect of the SSDP on the DDG 51 destroyer structural development is addressed.

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THE NO FRAME CONCEPT - ITS IMPACT ON SHIPYARD COST

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1984年第3期96卷 218-232页

作者： NAPPI, NS WALZ, RW WIERNICKI, CJ Natale S. Nappi:graduated from City College of New York in 1954 with a B.S. degree in civil engineering and received his M.S. in civil engineering from the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn in 1959. He began his professional career in 1954 at the New York Naval Shipyard as a naval architect (structures) performing detail structural design and fabrication studies for CVAs LPDs DDs and CGs and eventually became a supervisory naval architect (structures). From 1965 to 1973 he was a member of the staff of the Computer-Aided Design Division at the David Taylor Naval Ship Research and Development Center (DTNSRDC). As such he was involved in the development of the computer structural design tool the SSDP (in association with Frank M. Lev) and automated detail design programs (CASDOS). His current position is Senior Naval Architect Consultant in the structural integrity group of the Ship Structures Division Structures Department DTNSRDC. Mr. Nappi is the author and co-author of numerous technical papers and reports covering a wide spectrum of topics such as automated structural design process design for producibility and survivability material weight and cost trade-off studies and structural weight determination for high performance ships (i.e. SES SWATH HYSWAS). He has lectured on the subjects of design for survivability and ship structures at the Naval Post Graduate School and MIT. He is a member of ASNE ASCE U.S. Naval Institute Sigma Xi and is a registered Professional Engineer in the State of New York. Mr. Nappi was a member of the NAVSEA working commitee for the computer supported design planning effort and is currently a member of the DTNSRDC ASSET Advisory Committee. Ronald W. Walz:graduated in 1974 from Pennsylvania State University with a B.S. degree in civil engineering. He began his professional career in 1974 at the David Taylor Naval Ship Research and Development Center as a structural engineer in the structural design concepts group of the Ship Structures Division Structures Department.

A proposed cost effective alternative to current U.S. Navy structurally configured hulls is presented in this paper. This proposed design for producibility concept involves the elimination of structural stanchions and transverse web frames. The potential impact of this “no frame” concept on structural design, weight and construction and material costs for naval surface frigates and destroyers is reflected in 1) reduced costs for the installation of distributive systems and 2) a reduced number and complexity of structural details providing a more reliable and less costly structure. This study was performed in three parts: 1) Determine the most feasible length between bulkheads without frames; 2) Using this length perform detail weight studies and construction and material costs analysis comparison on a 72-foot long hull module, with and without frames, for a FFG-7, and 3) Estimate the saving in man hours of labor on the installation of distributive systems and shipfitting for an FFG-7. For the feasible length studies on the “no frame” structural configuration, thirty-seven strength, weight and vertical center of gravity studies were performed on two ship classes; twenty-two on the FFG-7 class and fifteen on the DD-963 class. The detailed weight studies and construction and material cost analyses were conducted for FFG-7 “no frame” and “as built” modules. Results indicating the “no frame” concept module was 6.8% heavier and 14.8% less costly than the “as built” module. For the impact of an FFG-7 “no frame” structurally configured hull on the cost of labor required for the installation of distributive systems and for other functional work such as ship fitting, welding, and electrical, this study indicated a reduction of 169,206 labor hours per ship, representing 7.12% of the total required man hours to fabricate an FFG-7 class ship. With the employment of the “no frame” concept, certain areas of significant concern and potential risk were addressed. These include: 1) t

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