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The changing technological profile of the leading ICT firms: Evidence from US Patent data, 1981-2000

Industry and Innovation 2004年第4期11.0卷 353-372页

作者： Rao, P.M. Vemuri, Vijaya K. Galvin, Peter Marketing Department College of Management Long Island University Brookville NY CW Post Campus United States Management Information Systems Long Island University Brookville NY CW Post Campus United States Graduate School of Management Curtin University of Technology Bentley WA Australia

Drawing upon the patent data for 63 of the largest firms in the information and communication technology (ICT) sector for the period 1981-2000, this paper investigates how the technological profile of these firms has altered in relation to technological advantage, technological diversity and path dependency. Using a previously established measure of revealed technological advantage, the firms in the sample almost universally exhibited a decline over time in this measure. While this result is contrary to other multi-industry research, it may be unique to the ICT industry as many non-ICT oriented firms patent in the area as ICT technology underpins developments in more and more industries. In relation to technological diversity, there were high levels of intra-sector diversification, but little diversity beyond the ICT sector, supporting the notion that the emergence of technology markets will support specialization. In addition, strong evidence of path dependency was found indicating that firms adopt long-term strategies for developing their technology portfolios. Given the rapid growth of technology markets, these findings have considerable implications as to the nature and operation of these markets. © 2004 Taylor & Francis Ltd.

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Creating a master's degree in computer information technology

Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges

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Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges 2004年第3期19卷

作者： Michael L. Nelson David Rice Graduate Program Director Computer Information Technology International College 8695 College Parkway Ft Myers FL Department Chair Computer Information Technology International College 8695 College Parkway Ft Myers FL

There are several considerations in creating a graduate program. Administrative concerns, accreditation issues, needs assessments, faculty teaching load, faculty compensation, additional faculty needs, and comparisons with other programs are all important, not to mention creating a "good" curriculum with a set of appropriate course syllabi and then "marketing" that program. This experience paper details the approach that was used quite successfully at International College, and also discusses the "speed bumps" encountered and "mid-course corrections" taken during the first year of the program's existence.

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Implementing ITU-T G.723.1 speech coding standard, observation and results

Implementing ITU-T G.723.1 speech coding standard, observati...

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IEEE International Conference on Multi Topic

作者： N.A. Junejo E. Ahmed A. Shah Post Graduate Student Institute of Information Technology Mehran University of Engineering and Technology Jamshoro Pakistan DEAN Department of Computer Science ISRA University Hyderabad Sindh Pakistan

Digital transmission of coded speech is becoming increasingly important in a plethora of voice over internet protocol (VOIP) applications, reaching a variety of platforms, which urges for secure, robust, flexible and platform independent software. ITU-T G.723.1 is a speech compression standard for multimedia communications. G.723.1 is a dual rate codec that compresses the speech signal to 6.3 and 5.3 kbps while maintaining the toll quality and relatively low delay. The major objective of this research is to successfully implement the ITU G.723.1 speech compression standard in Java. The need for implementing this standard in Java was to build a secure, robust, object oriented and platform independent speech coding software, however the delay (execution time) is slightly increased around 10 ms, which may slightly affect the implementation

关键词： Speech coding Internet telephony Robustness Delay Java Application software Communication standards Multimedia communication Speech codecs Software standards

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A rule-based XML access control model

Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lectu...

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Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) 2003年 2876卷 35-48页

作者： Anutariya, Chutiporn Chatvichienchai, Somchai Iwiahara, Mizuho Wuwongse, Vilas Kambayashi, Yahiko Computer Science Program Shinawatra University Pathumthani Thailand Department of Social Informatics Graduate School of Informatics Kyoto University Kyoto Japan Computer Science and Information Management Program Asian Institute of Technology Pathumthani Thailand

Due to a widely use of XML language in various application domains, a well-established mechanism for the definition and enforcement of security controls on specific accesses to XML documents is demanded, in order to ensure that only authorized entities can perform certain actions on the protected data. The proposed rule-based, declarative approach supports definition of (possibly implicit and complex) authorization rules on particular nodes within a document as well as enforcement of multiple user-defined policies, specifying selected mechanisms to resolve conflicts or to apply default authorization. Moreover, by founded on both RDF and XDD theory, the developed approach yields a simple yet flexible and interchangeable XML access control model with well-defined declarative semantics. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2003.

关键词： Access control models

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Contributory presentations/posters

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Journal of Biosciences 1999年第1期24卷 33-198页

作者： N. Manoj V. R. Srinivas A. Surolia M. Vijayan K. Suguna R. Ravishankar R. Schwarzenbacher K. Zeth Diederichs G. M. Kostner A. Gries P. Laggner R. Prassl Madhusudan Pearl Akamine Nguyen-huu Xuong Susan S. Taylor M. Bidva Sagar K. Saikrishnan S. Roy K. Purnapatre P. Handa U. Varshney B. K. Biswal N. Sukumar J. K. Mohana Rao A. Johnson Vasantha Pattabhi S. Sri Krishna Mira Sastri H. S. Savithri M. R. N. Murthy Bindu Pillai Kannan M. V. Hosur Mukesh Kumar Swati Patwardhan K. K. Kannan B. Padmanabhaa S. Sasaki-Sugio M. Nukaga T. Matsuzaki S. Karthikevan S. Sharma A. K. Sharma M. Paramasivam P. Kumar J. A. Khan S. Yadav A. Srinivasan T. P. Singh S. Gourinath Neelima Alam A. Srintvasan Vikas Chandra Punit Kaur Ch. Betzel S. Ghosh A. K. Bera S. Bhattacharya S. Chakraborty A. K. Pal B. P. Mukhopadhyay I. Dey U. Haldar Asok Baneriee Jozef Sevcik Adriana Solovicova K. Sekar M. Sundaralingam N. Genov Dong-cai Liang Tao Jiang Ji-ping Zhang Wen-rui Chang Wolfgang Jahnke Marcel Blommers S. C. Panchal R. V. Hosur Bindu Pillay Puniti Mathur S. Srivatsun Ratan Mani Joshi N. R. Jaganathan V. S. Chauhan H. S. Atreya S. C. Sahu K. V. R. Chary Girjesh Govil Elisabeth Adjadj Éric Quinjou Nadia Izadi-Pruneyre Yves Blouquit Joël Mispelter Bernadette Heyd Guilhem Lerat Philippe Milnard Michel Desmadreil Y. Lin B. D. Nageswara Rao Vidva Raghunathan Mei H. Chau Prashant Pesais Sudha Srivastava Evans Coutinho Anil Saran Leizl F. Sapico Jayson Gesme Herbert Lijima Raymond Paxton Thamarapu Srikrishnan C. R. Grace G. Nagenagowda A. M. Lynn Sudha M. Cowsik Sarata C. Sahu S. Chauhan A. Bhattacharya G. Govil Anil Kumar Maurizio Pellecchia Erik R. P. Zuiderweg Keiichi Kawano Tomoyasu Aizawa Naoki Fujitani Yoichi Hayakawa Atsushi Ohnishi Tadayasu Ohkubo Yasuhiro Kumaki Kunio Hikichi Katsutoshi Nitta V. Rani Parvathy R. M. Kini Takumi Koshiba Yoshihiro Kobashigawa Min Yao Makoto Demura Astushi Nakagawa Isao Tanaka Kunihiro Kuwajima Jens Linge Seán O. Donoghue Michael Nilges G. Chakshusmathi Girish S. Ratnaparkhi P. K. Madhu R. Varadarajan C. Tetreau Molecular Biophysics Unit Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India Austrian Academy of Sciences Institute of Biophysics and X-ray Structure Research Graz Austria Faculty of Biology University of Konstanz Germany Institute of Medical Biochemistry University of Graz Austria Howard Huges Medical Institute Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry University of California La Jolla USA Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry University of California San Diego La Jolla USA Molecular Biophysics Unit India Department of Microbiology &Cell Biology Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India Macromolecular Structure Laboratory NCI - Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center ABL - Basic Research Program Frederick USA Department of Crystallography and Biophysics University of Madras Chennai Biochemistry Department Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India Condensed Matter Physics Division B.A.R.C. Trombay Mumbai Condensed Matter Physics Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Trombay Mumbai IMCB The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation Yokohama Research Center Yokohama Japan Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chiba University Chiba Japan Department of Biophysics All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India Department of Biophysics All India Institute of Medical sciences New Delhi India Institüt Physiologische Chemie Hamburg Germany Biophysics Department Bose Institute Calcutta India Slovak Academy of Sciences Institute of Molecular Biology Bratislava Slovakia Indian Institute of Science Bioinformatics Centre Bangalore Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry Biological Macromolecular Structure Center USA Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Institute of Organic Chemistry Sofia Bulgaria Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Biophysics Beijing China Novartis Pharma AG Preclinical Research Basel Switzerland Department of Chemical Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Mumbai India Solid State Physics Div

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Applying fuzzy functions and sequential coordination to optimization of machinery arrangement and pipe routing

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1998年第6期110卷 43-54页

作者： Wu, BC Young, GS Schmidt, W Choppella, K Dr. Bi-Chu Wu:received a PhD in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Maryland College Park in 1991. She has worked on projects involving naval architecture design optimization solid mechanics and database development. Presently a senwr engineer with Angle Incorporated Dr Wu's research interests are in design optimization and fuzzy logic applications. Dr. Gin-Shu Young: a senior engineer with Angle Incorporated holds a PhD in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Maryland College Park. As a guest researcher with National Institute of Standards and Technologies from 1990 to 1993 he worked on vision-based navigation for autonomous vehicles. His experience also includes applications of optimization fuzzy logic neural network and genetic algorithm methods to engineering system design Mr. William Schmidt:co-founded Angle Incorporated in 1990 and has served as Vice PresidentlChiefScientist during this tame. He holds a B.Sc. in Applied Science from the Naval Acadt?my and an M.Sc. in Physics from the Naval Post Graduate School. He has cner 20 years experience in technical leadership material and personnel management. He has led the application of computer aided design (CAD) and Product Model Information Exchange to the shipbuilding industry. His experience also includes leading the amlication of model based operational analysis to support the Live Fire Test Program for DDG 51 Class Destroyers. Mr. Krishna M. Choppella:is a Sofware Engineer at Eidea Laboratories Incotporated where he works on componentbased distributed enterpvise frameworks. He has been involved in creating data analysis tools for the US Nay by integrating CAD modeis databases and graphical front ends. His work in the Masters degree program in Mechanical Engineering at the University of Texas at Austin was in di0ddase.r spectroscopy of combustion products in porous-matri burners. He received his Bachelors degree in Electrical Engineering in India. He was a Research Associate at the Centre for Laser Technology and Project Engi

Ship design is often multidisciplinary involving several design elements with various types of objectives and constraints (O/C) some easily described as mathematical formulas, others better modeled as descriptive assertions. This paper describes a method based on fuzzy functions and an integrated performance index to model O/C using descriptive assertions to be used with mathematical formulas in optimization. Another issue addressed in this paper concerns the coordination of design elements when sequentially coupled, that is, when one leads the other and the performance of the follower depends greatly on the design of the leader. Based on neuro-fuzzy techniques, the method described here coordinates and optimizes sequentially coupled elements. The two methods are applied to machinery arrangement (MA) and pipe routing (PR). Preliminary models for optimization of MA and PR are described considering convenience, producibility: engine room size, interference and location as factors in the O/C set. Some test results from MA/PR applications are presented and discussed. The methods are generic and can be extended to other elements in ship design. They are mutually independent and may be used separately Two advantages of their use are an improvement in overall performance and a reduction in the need for redesign of elements.

关键词： Optimization

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A parallel algorithm for embedding large pyramids into smaller hypercubes with load balancing

A parallel algorithm for embedding large pyramids into small...

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International Symposium on Parallel Architectures, Algorithms and Networks (ISPAN)

作者： Y.W. Chen K.L. Chung Department of Information Management Graduate Program of Information Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan

Consider a pyramid with n levels and a k-dimensional hypercube, 0/spl les/k/spl les/2n-2. The paper presents a parallel algorithm for embedding large pyramids into smaller hypercubes with load balancing. With dilation 4, congestion at most 2/sup n-k/2/+4, and load [2/sup 2n-k//3] when k is even, our algorithm embeds the pyramid into the hypercube, otherwise, with the same dilation and load, it has congestion 2/sup n-(k+1)///sup 2+1/+6 when k is odd. The algorithm can be performed in O(k)-bit time.

关键词： Parallel algorithms Hypercubes Load management information management Image processing Pattern recognition Terminology

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HYBRID SATELLITE AND TERRESTRIAL NETWORKS

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS 1994年第3期12卷 313-327页

作者： CHITRE, DM SHYY, DJ EPHREMIDES, A GUPTA, S COMSAT Laboratories 22300 Comsat Drive Clarksburg MD 20871–9475 USA. Received his B.Sc. from the University of Bombay India an M.A. in mathematics from the University of Cambridge U.K. and a Ph.D. in physics from the University of Maryland. He is currently an Associate Executive Director of the Network Technology Division at COMSAT Laboratories. He has been involved in research and development activities in ISDN VSAT networks data communications and network systems and architectures. Prior to his current positions Dr. Chitre was a Principal Scientist in the Network Technology Division at COMSAT Laboratories. Dr. Chitre joined COMSAT Laboratories in 1980. He has made major contributions to the analysis and architecture of data communication ISDN and BISDN via satellite. Dr. Chitre directs and participates in the international and national standards activities in ISDN BISDN and data communication as they apply to satellite communication. He was Chairman of the Working Group on Protocols and Network Timing Function of the CCIR/CCITT Joint Ad Hoc Group on ISDN/Satellite Matters during 1990–1992. Currently he is the Chairman of the Working Group on New Technologies in the ITU Intersector Coordinating Group (ICG) on Satellite Matters. Dr. Chitre was a programme manager during 1990 and 1991 on a contract from INTELSAT on systems studies on satellite communications systems architectures for ISDN and broadband ISDN systems. Currently he is the technical manager of the DoD Contract on ATM via satellite demonstration and the programme manager for the INTELSAT contract on analysis and top-level specification of INTELSAT ISDN subnetworks and SDH compatible transport network. Received the B.S. degree in electrical engineering from national Chiao-Tung University Hsin-Chu Taiwan in 1983 and the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA in 1986 and 1990 respectively. From June 1987 to October 1987 he worked for the Department of Neurology Emory Univers

The role of satellite communications in networks that provide new services, such as frame relay and multimedia, is investigated. Both passive and active (on-board switching/processing) satellite systems are considered. Novel techniques are developed for each system to demonstrate, via detailed analysis and simulation, how the communications bandwidth agility of multipoint/broadcast satellite channels, and the on-board switching/processing, makes it feasible to provide these new services via hybrid satellite and terrestrial networks in a resource-efficient manner.

关键词： HYBRID NETWORKS ON-BOARD PROCESSING FRAME RELAY

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Book reviews

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Minds and Machines 1993年第3期3卷 335-375页

作者： Erwin M. Segal Meredith Williams David J. Cole James Geller Yorick Wilks Shoshana Loeb Kim Sterelny Jerry Fodor Sara Heinämaa Ausonio Marras Department of Psychology and Center for Cognitive Science State University of New York at Buffalo Buffalo USA Department of Philosophy Northwestern University Evanston USA Department of Philosophy University of Minnesota Duluth USA Department of Computer and Information Science New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark USA Computing Research Laboratory New Mexico State University Las Cruces USA Bell Communications Research Morristown USA Department of Philosophy Victoria University of Wellington Wellington New Zealand Department of Philosophy Rutgers University New Brunswick USA Philosophy Program CUNY Graduate Center New York USA Department of Philosophy University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland Department of Philosophy University of Western Ontario London Canada

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THE NO FRAME CONCEPT - ITS IMPACT ON SHIPYARD COST

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1984年第3期96卷 218-232页

作者： NAPPI, NS WALZ, RW WIERNICKI, CJ Natale S. Nappi:graduated from City College of New York in 1954 with a B.S. degree in civil engineering and received his M.S. in civil engineering from the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn in 1959. He began his professional career in 1954 at the New York Naval Shipyard as a naval architect (structures) performing detail structural design and fabrication studies for CVAs LPDs DDs and CGs and eventually became a supervisory naval architect (structures). From 1965 to 1973 he was a member of the staff of the Computer-Aided Design Division at the David Taylor Naval Ship Research and Development Center (DTNSRDC). As such he was involved in the development of the computer structural design tool the SSDP (in association with Frank M. Lev) and automated detail design programs (CASDOS). His current position is Senior Naval Architect Consultant in the structural integrity group of the Ship Structures Division Structures Department DTNSRDC. Mr. Nappi is the author and co-author of numerous technical papers and reports covering a wide spectrum of topics such as automated structural design process design for producibility and survivability material weight and cost trade-off studies and structural weight determination for high performance ships (i.e. SES SWATH HYSWAS). He has lectured on the subjects of design for survivability and ship structures at the Naval Post Graduate School and MIT. He is a member of ASNE ASCE U.S. Naval Institute Sigma Xi and is a registered Professional Engineer in the State of New York. Mr. Nappi was a member of the NAVSEA working commitee for the computer supported design planning effort and is currently a member of the DTNSRDC ASSET Advisory Committee. Ronald W. Walz:graduated in 1974 from Pennsylvania State University with a B.S. degree in civil engineering. He began his professional career in 1974 at the David Taylor Naval Ship Research and Development Center as a structural engineer in the structural design concepts group of the Ship Structures Division Structures Department.

A proposed cost effective alternative to current U.S. Navy structurally configured hulls is presented in this paper. This proposed design for producibility concept involves the elimination of structural stanchions and transverse web frames. The potential impact of this “no frame” concept on structural design, weight and construction and material costs for naval surface frigates and destroyers is reflected in 1) reduced costs for the installation of distributive systems and 2) a reduced number and complexity of structural details providing a more reliable and less costly structure. This study was performed in three parts: 1) Determine the most feasible length between bulkheads without frames; 2) Using this length perform detail weight studies and construction and material costs analysis comparison on a 72-foot long hull module, with and without frames, for a FFG-7, and 3) Estimate the saving in man hours of labor on the installation of distributive systems and shipfitting for an FFG-7. For the feasible length studies on the “no frame” structural configuration, thirty-seven strength, weight and vertical center of gravity studies were performed on two ship classes; twenty-two on the FFG-7 class and fifteen on the DD-963 class. The detailed weight studies and construction and material cost analyses were conducted for FFG-7 “no frame” and “as built” modules. Results indicating the “no frame” concept module was 6.8% heavier and 14.8% less costly than the “as built” module. For the impact of an FFG-7 “no frame” structurally configured hull on the cost of labor required for the installation of distributive systems and for other functional work such as ship fitting, welding, and electrical, this study indicated a reduction of 169,206 labor hours per ship, representing 7.12% of the total required man hours to fabricate an FFG-7 class ship. With the employment of the “no frame” concept, certain areas of significant concern and potential risk were addressed. These include: 1) t

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