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CapST: Leveraging Capsule Networks and Temporal Attention for Accurate Model Attribution in Deep-fake Videos

ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications and Applications 2025年第4期21卷

作者： Ahmad, Wasim Peng, Yan-Tsung Chang, Yuan-Hao Ganfure, Gaddisa Olani Khan, Sarwar Social Networks and Human-Centered Computing Taiwan International Graduate Program Institute of Information Science Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan Department of Computer Science National Chengchi University Taipei Taiwan Institute of Information Science Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan Department of Computer Science Dire Dawa University Dire Dawa Ethiopia Social Networks and Human-Centered Computing Taiwan International Graduate Program Research Center for Information Technology Innovation Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan

Deep-fake videos, generated through AI face-swapping techniques, have garnered considerable attention due to their potential for impactful impersonation attacks. While existing research primarily distinguishes real from fake videos, attributing a deep-fake to its specific generation model or encoder is crucial for forensic investigation, enabling precise source tracing and tailored countermeasures. This approach not only enhances detection accuracy by leveraging unique model-specific artifacts but also provides insights essential for developing proactive defenses against evolving deep-fake techniques. Addressing this gap, this article investigates the model attribution problem for deep-fake videos using two datasets-Deepfakes from Different Models (DFDM) and GANGen-Detection, which comprise deep-fake videos and images generated by GAN models. We select only fake images from the GANGen-Detection dataset to align with the DFDM dataset, which specifies the goal of this study, focusing on model attribution rather than real/fake classification. This study formulates deep-fake model attribution as a multiclass classification task, introducing a novel Capsule-Spatial-Temporal (CapST) model that effectively integrates a modified VGG19 (utilizing only the first 26 out of 52 layers) for feature extraction, combined with Capsule Networks and a Spatio-Temporal attention mechanism. The Capsule module captures intricate feature hierarchies, enabling robust identification of deep-fake attributes, while a video-level fusion technique leverages temporal attention mechanisms to process concatenated feature vectors and capture temporal dependencies in deep-fake videos. By aggregating insights across frames, our model achieves a comprehensive understanding of video content, resulting in more precise predictions. Experimental results on the DFDM and GANGen-Detection datasets demonstrate the efficacy of CapST, achieving substantial improvements in accurately categorizing deep-fake videos

关键词： computer forensics

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ATP_mCNN: Predicting ATP binding sites through pretrained language models and multi-window neural networks

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computers in Biology and Medicine 2025年 185卷 109541-109541页

作者： Le, Van-The Malik, Muhammad-Shahid Lin, Yi-Jing Liu, Yu-Chen Chang, Yan-Yun Ou, Yu-Yen Department of Computer Science and Engineering Yuan Ze University Chung-Li32003 Taiwan Graduate Program in Biomedical Informatics Yuan Ze University Chung-Li32003 Taiwan Department of Computer Sciences Karakoram International University Gilgit-Baltistan 15100 Pakistan

Adenosine triphosphate plays a vital role in providing energy and enabling key cellular processes through interactions with binding proteins. The increasing amount of protein sequence data necessitates computational methods for identifying binding sites. However, experimental identification of adenosine triphosphate-binding residues remains challenging. To address the challenge, we developed a multi-window convolutional neural network architecture taking pre-trained protein language model embeddings as input features. In particular, multiple parallel convolutional layers scan for motifs localized to different window sizes. Max pooling extracts salient features concatenated across windows into a final multi-scale representation for residue-level classification. On benchmark datasets, our model achieves an area under the ROC curve of 0.95, significantly improving on prior sequence-based models and outperforming convolutional neural network baselines. This demonstrates the utility of pre-trained language models and multi-window convolutional neural networks for advanced sequence-based prediction of adenosine triphosphate-binding residues. Our approach provides a promising new direction for elucidating binding mechanisms and interactions from primary structure. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Enhanced Performance and Data Privacy in Lung Nodule Classification via Federated Deep Learning Approach 24

Enhanced Performance and Data Privacy in Lung Nodule Classif...

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2024 7th International Conference on Healthcare Service Management, ICHSM 2024

作者： Nguyen, Duc-Khanh Li, Ai-Hsien Adam Lai, Yen-Jun Chiu, Yen-Ling Phan, Dinh-Van Chien, Ting-Ying Chan, Chien-Lung Department of Information Management Yuan Ze University Taoyuan Taiwan Department of Statistics and Informatics University of Economics The University of Danang Danang Viet Nam Division of Cardiology Far Eastern Memorial Hospital New Taipei Taiwan Graduate Program in Biomedical Informatics Yuan Ze University Taoyuan Taiwan Department of Radiology Far Eastern Memorial Hospital New Taipei Taiwan Graduate Institute of Medicine and Graduate Program in Biomedical Informatics Yuan Ze University Taoyuan Taiwan Department of Medical Research Far Eastern Memorial Hospital New Taipei Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Engineering Yuan Ze University Taoyuan Taiwan ZDT Group- YZU Joint Research and Development Center for Big Data Taoyuan Taiwan Yuan Ze University Taoyuan Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798400710162

This study explores the feasibility of deep learning for classifying nodule neoplasms, analyzing their performance on two openly available datasets, LUNGx SPIE, and LIDC-IDRI. These datasets offer valuable diversity in image quantity, quality, and malignancy annotation methodologies, posing a real-world challenge for effective model development. To handle the disparities in these diverse datasets, we aim to develop a robust classification model trained using federated learning. This decentralized approach allows model training across datasets without sharing patient data, preserving privacy and overcoming data fragmentation. Our experiments demonstrate that federated learning enables the development of a robust and superior deep learning model compared to individual models trained on limited data. This combination of deep learning, and federated learning holds immense promise for nodule neoplasm classification and can significantly improve patient care and outcomes. © 2024 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Federated learning

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Damage-Free Neutral Beam Etching for Gate Recess in E-Mode AlGaN/GaN HEMTs

IEEE Electron Device Letters

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IEEE Electron Device Letters 2025年第5期46卷 705-708页

作者： Chen, Yi-Ho Chu, Fu-Chuan Aslam, Muhammad Lee, Yao-Jen Li, Yiming Samukawa, Seiji National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Parallel and Scientific Computing Laboratory Graduate Degree Program of College of Electrical and Computer Engineering Hsinchu300093 Taiwan National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology Solid State Devices Section Electronic System Research Division Taoyuan325 Taiwan National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Parallel and Scientific Computing Laboratory Electrical Engineering and Computer Science International Graduate Program Hsinchu300093 Taiwan Institute of Pioneer Semiconductor Innovation National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu300093 Taiwan Institute of Pioneer Semiconductor Innovation Institute of Artificial Intelligence Innovation National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Parallel and Scientific Computing Laboratory Institute of Biomedical Engineering Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Institute of Communications Engineering Hsinchu300093 Taiwan National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Institute of Communications Engineering Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Hsinchu300093 Taiwan

Recess gate etching is a critical technique for achieving enhancement-mode (E-mode) AlGaN/GaN high-electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) because the interface is susceptible to the etching damage. This study fabricates recess gates using the neutral beam etching (NBE) technique. By adjusting the aperture thickness in the NBE apparatus, we simulate both NB-mode and plasma-mode etching. The electrical characteristics of E-mode HEMTs fabricated using these two modes are analyzed and compared through DC, noise, and pulsed IV measurements. The results demonstrate that NB-recessed HEMTs exhibit superior performance. © 1980-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Aluminum gallium nitride

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Dimensionality reduction in 3D causal deep learning for neuroimage generation: an evaluation study

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Journal of Medical Imaging 2025年第2期12卷

作者： Ohara, Erik Y. Vigneshwaran, Vibujithan Souza, Raissa Vamosi, Finn G. Wilms, Matthias Forkert, Nils D. University of Calgary Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program Calgary AB Canada University of Calgary Department of Radiology Calgary AB Canada University of Calgary Hotchkiss Brain Institute Calgary AB Canada University of Calgary Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute Calgary AB Canada University of Calgary Department of Computer Science Calgary AB Canada University of Calgary Departments of Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences Calgary AB Canada

Purpose: Causal deep learning (DL) using normalizing flows allows the generation of true counterfactual images, which is relevant for many medical applications such as explainability of decisions, image harmonization, and in-silico studies. However, such models are computationally expensive when applied directly to high-resolution 3D images and, therefore, require image dimensionality reduction (DR) to efficiently process the data. The goal of this work was to compare how different DR methods affect counterfactual neuroimage generation. Approach: Five DR techniques [2D principal component analysis (PCA), 2.5D PCA, 3D PCA, autoencoder, and Vector Quantised-Variational AutoEncoder] were applied to 23,692 3D brain images to create low-dimensional representations for causal DL model training. Convolutional neural networks were used to quantitatively evaluate age and sex changes on the counterfactual neuroimages. Age alterations were measured using the mean absolute error (MAE), whereas sex changes were assessed via classification accuracy. Results: The 2.5D PCA technique achieved the lowest MAE of 4.16 when changing the age variable of an original image. When sex was changed, the autoencoder embedding led to the highest classification accuracy of 97.84% while also significantly impacting the age variable predictions, increasing the MAE to 5.24 years. Overall, 3D PCA provided the best balance, with an age prediction MAE of 4.57 years while maintaining 94.01% sex classification accuracy when altering the age variable and 94.73% sex classification accuracy and the lowest age prediction MAE (3.84 years) when altering the sex variable. Conclusions: 3D PCA appears to be the best-suited DR method for causal neuroimage analysis. © 2025 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE).

关键词： causal artificial intelligence causality deep learning dimensionality reduction generative models normalizing flows

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Mapping the Scientific Landscape of Integrated Scheduling Towards Industry 5.0 with A Bibliometric Analysis

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Procedia computer science 2025年 253卷 84-93页

作者： Anak Agung Ayu Putri Ardyanti Zhiqiang Xie Andrea Stevens Karnyoto Bens Pardamean Ni Made Estiyanti School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin University of Science and Technology Harbin 150000 China Faculty of Information Technology and Design Primakara University Bali 80226 Indonesia Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 11480 Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program - Master of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 11480 Doctoral School of Management and Business University of Debrecen Debrecen Hungary

The industry is rapidly transitioning from the 4.0 era to the 5.0 era, prompting renewed interest among scholars in scheduling problems. They allow operations to process and assemble various components simultaneously. This bibliometric analysis provides a comprehensive understanding of the diverse research perspectives on the potential challenges of integrated scheduling within the framework. We identified 357 Scopus articles and analysed co-occurrence keyword (CNK) by VOSViewer tools and Global Citation Score (GCS) by Scopus tools. The research data obtained from 1993 to 2023 mainly in the subject areas of Engineering, computer science, Maths, and others. CNK identified six cluster keywords, and nine most cited articles based on normalised GCS. These results contribute to our understanding of the development of scheduling algorithms, shifting from an emphasis on manufacturing transfers to contemporary demand-centric research directions. Furthermore, this research provides a valuable perspective for policymakers, plant personnel, and manufacturing managers to make informed decisions.

关键词： integrated scheduling assembly job shop scheduling heuristic algorithm genetic algorithm bibliometric analysis

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AI in EEG-Based BCI for the Diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Mini Review

AI in EEG-Based BCI for the Diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impa...

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International Winter Workshop on Brain-computer Interface (BCI)

作者： Vasilii Zaitsev Chun-Shu Wei EECS International Graduate Program National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Computer Science National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan

ISBN: (数字)9798331521929

ISBN: (纸本)9798331521936

Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a condition that often precedes dementia, making early diagnosis critical for delaying cognitive decline. Electroencephalography (EEG) has emerged as a non-invasive, cost-effective tool for monitoring brain activity and detecting MCI. This paper overviews recent advancements in machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) models for EEG-based MCI diagnosis. Traditional ML approaches, such as support vector machines (SVM) and K-nearest neighbors (KNN), have been widely used but rely on manually extracted features and face challenges with the complex nature of EEG signals. In contrast, DL models like convolutional neural networks (CNNs), long short-term memory (LSTM) networks, and transformers have shown promise in automatically learning features and capturing temporal and spatial information from EEG data. Despite these advancements, issues such as small dataset sizes and variability in EEG recordings remain barriers to clinical application. This paper discusses these challenges and highlights potential future directions for improving the diagnosis of MCI.

关键词： Deep learning Support vector machines Reviews Nearest neighbor methods Brain modeling Feature extraction Transformers Electroencephalography Recording Dementia

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Proposing a ML Technology for Identification of Cardiovascular Disease by a Novel Interface for People of Bharat the Nation Having Glorious Medical History 6th

Proposing a ML Technology for Identification of Cardiovascul...

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6th International Conference on Advanced Informatics for Computing Research, ICAICR 2023

作者： Singh, Vaibhav Kant Nagwanshi, Kapil Kumar Jaiswal, Prashant Mahto, Annu Lal Singh, Devendra Kumar Behar, Nishant Mishra, Sudha Yadav, Nageshwar Dev Pandey, Varun Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya A Central University Bilaspur Chhattisgarh India Department of Computer Science and Engineering J.K. Institute of Engineering Bilaspur India Celigo India Research Lab Hyderabad India Government Nagarjuna Post Graduate Science College Chhattisgarh India

ISBN: (纸本)9783031840616

The paper source is country named India. In India in the current time the Country as well as the people has made a good look back as to what happened in India in the past. According to the sources available in the form of ancient script, India is the source of many Medical reforms. A conversation of Indian Education in the British parliament speaks of many technologies which were part of India in the 1800s were discovered in the latest past by the most powerful countries of the world. Now, because of the changed framework of the people in India we are facing many medical issues. In India which was a global leader in Medical science, now is facing a problem called cardiovascular disease, which is a problem related to heart. In India a number of people had lost their life because of heart disease. The problem with passing day is becoming a critical problem. In the current paper we addressed the problem with the current technology buzz called Machine Learning. We took experimental dataset and performed experiment that is computer based and got results that found to be advantageous for facing the problem that is addressed in the current paper. The results presented in the paper enable us to make a proposal of Machine Learning as the disease predictor mechanism in Bharat, the country that which is the analysis domain in the current paper. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： AI CVDs Kaggle ML SVM

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Chiral exceptional point enhanced active tuning and non reciprocity in micro-resonators

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光：科学与应用（英文版） 2025年第2期14卷 401-410页

作者： Hwaseob Lee Lorry Chang Ali Kecebas Dun Mao Yahui Xiao Tiantian Li Andrea Alù Sahin K.Özdemir Tingyi Gu Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of DelawareNewarkDelaware 19716USA Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research CenterCity University of New YorkNew YorkNY 10031USA Physics Program Graduate CenterCity University of New YorkNew YorkNY 10016USA Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Saint Louis UniversitySaint LouisMO 63103USA

Exceptional points(EPs)have been extensively explored in mechanical,acoustic,plasmonic,and photonic ***,little is known about the role of EPs in tailoring the dynamic tunability of optical devices.A specific type of EPs known as chiral EPs has recently attracted much attention for controlling the flow of light and for building sensors with better responsivity.A recently demonstrated route to chiral EPs via lithographically defined symmetric Mie scatterers on the rim of resonators has not only provided the much-needed mechanical stability for studying chiral EPs,but also helped reduce losses originating from nanofabrication imperfections,facilitating the in-situ study of chiral EPs and their contribution to the dynamics and tunability of ***,we use asymmetric Mie scatterers to break the rotational symmetry of a microresonator,to demonstrate deterministic thermal tuning across a chiral EP,and to demonstrate EP-mediated chiral optical nonlinear response and efficient electro-optic *** results indicate asymmetric electro-optic modulation with up to 17 dB contrast at GHz and CMOS-compatible voltage *** wafer-scale nano-manufacturing of chiral electro-optic modulators and the chiral EP-tailored tunning may facilitate new micro-resonator functionalities in quantum information processing,electromagnetic wave control,and optical interconnects.

关键词： active point micro chiral enhanced exceptional reciprocity resonators tuning

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Effect of nitric and hydrofluoric acid solution and silica-coating on surface roughness and adhesion of luting cements to yttrium-stabilized zirconia

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International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives 2025年 141卷

作者： Aldeiry, Hammam Souza, Luiza Freitas Brum Mätzener, Kiren Jan Eyüboğlu, Tan Fırat Özcan, Mutlu University of Zurich Center for Dental Medicine Clinic of Masticatory Disorders and Dental Biomaterials Zurich Switzerland Faculty of Dentistry Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science Rio Grande do Sul Santa Maria Brazil Istanbul Medipol University Faculty of Dentistry Department of Endodontics Istanbul Turkey

This study investigated the effect of varying acid etching durations using nitric and hydrofluoric acid solution on the surface roughness and adhesion of luting cements to 4-mol yttria-stabilized zirconia (4YSZ) and compared the results with those of silica coating. Zirconia specimens (IPS *** ZirCAD MT) (N = 192, n = 12 per group) were randomly assigned to two surface conditioning methods: a) silica coating (CoJet) (20 s, 2.5 MPa) (SC) and b) acid etching (Zircos E, ZE). Etching was performed for 30 min, 1 h, and 2 h. After elemental analysis (energy-dispersive spectroscopy, EDS), surface roughness (Ra, Rz, Rv, and Rc, RzJIS, Rp) measurements (3D microscopy), two adhesive luting systems (PV: Panavia 21 and ML: Multilink Hybrid Abutment) were bonded onto the conditioned substrates. Half of the specimens were tested dry, and the other half were tested after thermocycling (x6000 cycles, 5–55 °C) conditions. Shear bond strength (SBS) was measured in a universal testing machine (1 mm/min). Failure modes were analyzed using 3D digital microscopy. Data were analyzed using 2-way ANOVA, Tukey's post-hoc, and Pearson's correlation tests (α = 0.05). Only ZE for 30 min produced surface roughness similar to that of SC for the Ra, Rz, Rv, and Rc, but showed higher values for the RzJIS and Rp parameters. SBS results were not significant in Dry conditions in all groups (19.38 + 5.35–14.5 + 7.39) (p > 0.05). While for ML, roughness parameters showed mostly weak or negative correlations for SC and ZE (30 min, 1 h, and 2 h) under both Dry and TC conditions, for PV, a moderate to strong positive correlation was observed in SC and ZE (2h) after TC, with weaker or mixed trends in ZE (30 min) and ZE (1h). After aging, SBS decreased by 12–66 % across all groups, and failure types were more frequently mixed types of failures (50–100 %) for all conditions and luting agents. Etching with a nitric and hydrofluoric acid solution for 30 min can be considered an alternative to silica coating t

关键词： Bond strength (materials)

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