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International Youth Scientific and Technical Conference on Relay Protection and Automation (RPA)

作者： A.V. Panashchatenko A.A. Yablokov Department of Electric Power Systems Automatic Control Ivanovo State Power Engineering University Ivanovo Russia

ISBN: (数字)9798331501105

ISBN: (纸本)9798331501112

Electromagnetic current transformers, invented more than 100 years ago, are today the most widespread type of preliminary current converters, used in organizing metrological channels for commercial and technical electricity metering, measuring and relay protection systems. Despite their relatively simple design and modest price, today the question of using unconventional preliminary current converters (Rogowski coils, optical transformers, galvanic-magnetic sensors) is being increasingly raised [1]. This situation is due to the shortcomings of electromagnetic current transformers (CT): large weight and dimensions), explosion and fire hazard, and also saturation of their magnetic conductor in transient modes with the presence of an aperiodic component in short circuiting (SC) current. The phenomenon of saturation leads to significant distortion of the transmitted secondary signal, which in turn may become the cause of overprotection with external SC or delayed protection with internal SC. Russian and international practice in coordinating CT characteristics and relay protection requirements presuppose ensuring correct operation of relay protection systems not only in steady, but also in transient modes with possible saturation of CT magnetic conductors [2]–[5]. At present, testing the correct operation of relay protection and automation devices (RPAD) in transient modes is carried out using the CT saturation time, which under the specific conditions of the location of the CT should be more than the exact current conversion time required for correct operation of the connected RPAD. This time is calculated by special approved methods [2]. Such use of two extreme CT magnetic conductor conditions (saturated/unsaturated), without regard to the current waveform itself may lead to significant inaccuracies in evaluating the correctness of RPAD operation. Fig 1 shows two instances of saturation in one and the same CT in different operating conditions and with the same time be

关键词： Current transformers Protective relaying Conductors Circuit faults Optical sensors Transient analysis Electromagnetics Saturation magnetization Fault currents Testing

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Assessment of the Digital Measuring Transformers Application in power Distribution Zone

Assessment of the Digital Measuring Transformers Application...

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International Russian Automation Conference (RusAutoCon)

作者： Galina Filatova Vladimir Lebedev Andrey Tolstoukhov Automatic control of electric power systems department Ivanovo State Power Engineering University Ivanovo Russia

ISBN: (数字)9798350349818

ISBN: (纸本)9798350349825

Combined digital measuring current and voltage transformers (DCVTs), developed at Ivanovo State power engineering University (ISPEU), are innovative products. The researchers have accumulated some operating experience of devices in existing electrical installations and experience in numerous laboratory tests. At the same time, a number of aspects of the DCVT use still remain the subject of research, for example, the functioning of DCVTs as a primary sensor for protection against single-phase ground faults (SPGFs). It is also necessary to evaluate the effect of the introduction of DCVTs in the overhead networks of power distribution zones (PDZs), primarily from the point of view of reducing the costs of searching for the location of the SPGFs. The procedure for searching for an electrical fault using the functions built into DCVT 6 -10 kV is described. The article describes the effects of the introduction of DCVTs in 6–10 kV distribution zones, and also provides criteria that allow us to assess in which cases the use of DCVTs and technologies based on them will be most beneficial.

关键词： power measurement Costs Automation Electricity power distribution Distribution networks Transformers Data models Circuit faults Integrated circuit modeling

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Processing Signals in Digital Current Measuring Transformers to Quickly Obtain the Vector for RPA Purposes

Processing Signals in Digital Current Measuring Transformers...

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International Conference on Industrial engineering, Applications and Manufacturing (ICIEAM)

作者： Vladimir D. Lebedev Denis G. Grigorev Nataliya V. Kuzmina Department of Electric Power Systems Automatic Control Ivanovo State Power Engineering University Ivanovo Russia

ISBN: (数字)9798350395013

ISBN: (纸本)9798350395020

In the development of secondary systems of stations and substations, including relay protection, automation, control, electric power metering and other features, there have recently been qualitative changes related to the introduction of digital technologies. The introduction of digital technologies is supported by innovative development programmes such as «Digital Transformation 2030». The essence of introducing digital technologies is related to the use of digital data transmission channels according to common standards. “Digital substation” projects are being actively implemented with transmission of digital information at all levels, starting with primary equipment, including transmission of information, both from current and voltage measuring transformers, and switchgear. Currently, digital measuring transformers are being actively developed and beginning to be introduced, in which information on measured current and voltage is presented in a digital code. New approaches to measuring primary current and voltage, and the transmission of information pose new challenges and open up new prospects of improving signals processing methods used for relay protection purposes. This determines the relevance of the objective of our research - developing and studying approaches to the digital processing of signals in digital current and voltage measuring transformers. As a result, the approach to determining synchronized values of current vectors was studied by processing information obtained from primary current converters. The characteristics of the algorithm for obtaining the vector were analyzed, and the dependences of errors on the influence of distorting factors were plotted. The proposed approach to obtaining the vector is a development of the existing approach by obtaining information from current sensors operating on different physical principles. The study shows the advantages of the proposed method.

关键词： Voltage measurement Substations Current measurement Signal processing algorithms Protective relaying Transformers Vectors

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Design and Implementation of Biological Inspired Algorithm Coupled with Sliding Mode controller for Autonomous Cruise control System

Design and Implementation of Biological Inspired Algorithm C...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on Dependable, Autonomic and Secure Computing, 2023 International Conference on Pervasive Intelligence and Computing, 2023 International Conference on Cloud and Big Data Computing, 2023 International Conference on Cyber Science and Technology Congress, DASC/PiCom/CBDCom/CyberSciTech 2023

作者： Gulzar, Muhammad Majid Ahmed, Muhammad Mughees Shakoor, Adnan Tahreem, Huma Center for Renewable Energy and Power Systems King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Department of Control & Instrumentation Engineering Dhahran31261 Saudi Arabia University of Central Punjab Department of Electrical Engineering Lahore Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350304602

In modern automobiles, driving assistance systems are extensively used for efficiency, safety and comfort. These systems are utilized for autonomous driving, cruise control, and obstacle avoidance. All of these systems consist of a large number of radars and sensors that generate rapid responses to control the speed or direction of a vehicle. The primary objective of this type of technology is to reduce accidents by reducing driver tension and enhancing travel comfort. The purpose of this study is to develop a controller for cruise control in vehicles that can precisely, rapidly, and efficiently attain the desired speed. In this study, biological inspired optimization tuned Sliding Mode controller is utilized which is more accurate and robust, and can help to adjust the parameters so that the cruise control system provides minimal error, stable results with the fewest disturbances possible. In order to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed controller, the results are subsequently compared to currently employed cutting-edge technologies for cruise control. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Autonomous vehicles

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Degradation kinetics and disinfection by-products formation of benzophenone-4 during UV/persulfate process

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Environmental Technology (United Kingdom) 2024年第26期45卷 5618-5629页

作者： Hu, Chen-Yan Xiong, Cun Lin, Yi-Li Zhang, Tian-Yang College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Energy-Saving in Heat Exchange Systems Shanghai University of Electric Power Shanghai China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai China Department of Safety Health and Environmental Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung Taiwan State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment Ministry of Education College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai China

The degradation kinetics, reaction pathways, and disinfection by-products formation of an organic UV filter, benzophenone-4 (BP4) during UV/persulfate oxidation were investigated. BP4 can hardly be degraded by UV alone, but can be effectively decomposed by UV/persulfate following pseudo-first order kinetics. BP4 degradation rate was enhanced with increasing persulfate dosage and decreasing pH from 8 to 5. However, the degradation rate of BP4 at pH 9 was higher than that at pH 8 because of the presence of phenolic group in BP4 structure. and (Formula presented.) were confirmed as the major contributors to BP4 decomposition in radical scavenging experiments, and the second-order rate constants between (Formula presented.) and BP4 as well as those between (Formula presented.) and BP4 were estimated by establishing and solving a kinetic model. The presence of (Formula presented.) and humic acid inhibited the decomposition of BP4, while (Formula presented.) promoted it. The mineralisation of BP4 was only 9.1% at the persulfate concentration of 50 μM. Six degradation intermediates were identified for the promulgation of the reaction pathways of BP4 during UV/persulfate oxidation were proposed as a result. In addition, the formation of DBP in the sequential chlorination was evaluated at different persulfate dosages, pH values, and water matrix. The results of this study can provide essential knowledge for the effective control of DBP formation with reducing potential hazard to provide safe drinking water to the public. © 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Rate constants

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Construction and optimization of a computational holographic lithography system 8

Construction and optimization of a computational holographic...

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8th International Conference on Speckle Metrology, Speckle 2023

作者： Chen, Rui Lin, Angyi You, Jianfeng Lin, Huixiang Zhao, Wenqing Zhang, Fucai School of Control and Computer Engineering North China Electric Power University Baoding071003 China The Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Computing for Complex Energy Systems Ministry of Education North China Electric Power University China

ISBN: (数字)9781510674592

ISBN: (纸本)9781510674585

Traditional lithography techniques are currently facing challenges, including high costs and the susceptibility of mask plates to damage. This research aims to elucidate the feasibility and technical constraints of a novel diffraction lithography approach. This method can reduce the size and cost of lithography machines, break through existing technological barriers, and offer new possibilities for the future development of lithography machines. We have built a basic computational holographic lithography system utilizing a 405nm laser and validated the system using holograms obtained with both classical GS algorithm and a newly proposed method. With the GS holograms, patterns with 700nm features have been successfully exposed on the photoresist. With our new algorithms, multiple holograms for the same target pattern can be generated with different settings in the algorithm. Sequential exposure of those holograms resulted in continuous lines 500 nm wide with reduced speckle artifacts, which was about a 1.4-time improvement over the result from the GS algorithm. Future research will focus on optimizing and enhancing the experimental system and the hologram calculation methods to reduce the line widths further and improve the exposure pattern quality. © COPYRIGHT SPIE. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

关键词： Holograms

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Simulation of Arc Erosion on the Main Contact of On-Load Tap Changer 4th

Simulation of Arc Erosion on the Main Contact of On-Load Tap...

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4th International Symposium on Insulation and Discharge Computation for power Equipment, IDCOMPU 2023

作者： Zhou, Yuanxiang Dai, Yasong Chen, Jianning Li, Yuhang Hou, Xuzhao Zhang, Zhen State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipment Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China The Wind Solar Storage Division of State Key Laboratory of Power System and Generation Equipment School of Electrical Engineering Xinjiang University Urumqi830047 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819974047

Long-term operation and switching of transformer on-load tap-changers can cause degradation and deterioration of the main contact material, even leading to contact arcing damage in severe cases. However, the arcing mechanism of the main contact during the switching has not been clarified yet. A magneto-hydrodynamic simulation method of main contact arcing has been proposed. The geometry of the main contact in transformer oil is simplified, and the simulation model of the arc temperature field of the main contact in transformer oil coupled with electric, magnetic, thermal and fluid fields is proposed. The dynamic evolution of the arc temperature has been investigated at peak currents of 2100 A, 1500 A, 600 A and 300 A, respectively. The results show that with the increase of the spacing between contacts, the temperature at arc core rises rapidly and then decreases slowly, and the temperature can reach 50177 K at 2100A. Due to the electron bombardment at the anode surface, the temperature at anode surface is higher than that at cathode surface under different chopped currents. The highest temperatures at anode and cathode surface can reach 4142.5 K and 4081.7 K respectively. © Beijing Paike Culture Commu. Co., Ltd 2024.

关键词： Deterioration

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Open-Switches Fault Diagnosis and Fault Tolerant Direct Torque control of Voltage Source Inverter Fed Induction Motor 5th

Open-Switches Fault Diagnosis and Fault Tolerant Direct Torq...

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5th International Conference on Electrical engineering and control Applications, ICEECA 2022

作者： Boubou, Fouad Eddine Nedjai, Abd Elouahed Ammar, Abdelkarim Power and Control Engineering Department Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of M’hamed Bougara of Boumerdes Boumerdes35000 Algeria Signals and Systems Laboratory LSS Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of M’hamed Bougara of Boumerdes Boumerdes35000 Algeria

ISBN: (纸本)9789819700448

Fault diagnosis and fault tolerance are considered essential features in critical industrial applications in order to maintain the necessary levels of availability and dependability. The components that are most frequently affected by failures in closed-loop controlled power converters are semiconductors and sensors. This work focuses on fault tolerant direct torque control (DTC) of induction motor drive systems under inverter open-switch failure. This system detects and isolates the fault, and then ensures the system’s operation under the new conditions. The solution was accomplished using a new reduced switch converter. This system modifies the DTC switching table using available stator voltage vectors in two-phase mode with a Four Switch Three Phase Inverter (FSTPI) topology to maintain the performance of the motor as in the Six Switch Three Phase Inverter (SSTPI) mode. The effectiveness of the fault detection method and fault tolerant control algorithm have been investigated using MATLAB/Simulink software. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： MATLAB

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A 100% PV powered microgrid operates independently and stably

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Energy Internet 2024年第2期1卷 113-115页

作者： Wenchuan Wu Zizhen Guo Haotian Liu Guannan Wu Siyun Li Yuwei Cheng Department of Electrical Engineering(State Key Laboratory of Power Systems Operation and Control) Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina

1|INTRODUCTION In Linyi,Shandong,China,researchers used 100%grid-forming(GFM)photovoltaics(PVs)to power the microgrid without the conventional synchronous *** microgrid operates independently and stably supporting the seamless transition between islanded and grid-connected *** to the grid-following(GFL)method,GFM enables renewable sources to behave like voltage sources with the transient frequency and voltage *** is the key technology for the renewable generations to replace the con-ventional generations to maintain the synchronous stability of the ***,most GFM methods are developed for the battery energy storage system(BESS)and focus on the single-machine level to emulate the conventional synchronous machine,such as virtual synchronous machine(VSM)1 and droop control.2 These methods tend to lose the synchronous stability in response to the large disturbances under the multi-machine conditions.

关键词： replace battery maintain

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Developing Digital Twin for Electromechanical System of Rolling Stand in Simulink Real Time

Developing Digital Twin for Electromechanical System of Roll...

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2024 International Ural Conference on Electrical power engineering, UralCon 2024

作者： Radionov, Andrey A. Karandaev, Alexandr S. Loginov, Boris M. Khramshin, Vadim R. Moscow Polytechnic University Department of Automation and Control Moscow Russia Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works Magnitogorsk Russia Power Engineering and Automated Systems Institute Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University Magnitogorsk Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386028

The development of digital twins (DTs) of industrial electrical systems is attributed to the need for the reduction of time and material resource inputs during their virtual commissioning (VC). The same problem occurs during renovation with complete or partial equipment replacement and/or control systems. These problems can be efficiently solved by developing object-oriented DTs based on the Simulink Real Time software and using hardware-in-the-loop simulation (HIL). This software is compatible with Matlab Simulink and the Simscape package, which makes it suitable for the industrial usage. The authors suggest a HIL-based approach that helps make a virtual real-time computer model, with process control signals coming from the industrial PLC that controls the real physical object. This problem occurred during the renovation of the horizontal stand electric drives of a 5000 plate mill. The authors provide the flow charts of the electromechanical system and the object-oriented DT. The implementation of DT in Matlab Simulink Desktop Real Time is reviewed in laboratory settings. The authors present the block structures that make up a virtual model of the electromechanical system. The developed DT was used to adjust control algorithms and controllers and study the dynamic modes over a rolling cycle. The adequacy of the processes was tested by comparing the oscillograms obtained with the developed DT and the rolling mill. The authors stress the feasibility of developing DTs on the Simulink Real Time platform using HIL simulation during VC and renovation of complex industrial objects. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： MATLAB

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