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Dynamic process Monitoring Based on Dot Product Feature Analysis for Thermal Power Plants

IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第3期12卷 563-574页

作者： Xin Ma Tao Chen Youqing Wang the College of Information Science and Technology Beijing University of Chemical Technology the Department of Chemical and Process Engineering University of Surrey IEEE

Data-driven process monitoring is an effective approach to assure safe operation of modern manufacturing and energy systems, such as thermal power plants being studied in this work. Industrial processes are inherently dynamic and need to be monitored using dynamic algorithms. Mainstream dynamic algorithms rely on concatenating current measurement with past data. This work proposes a new, alternative dynamic process monitoring algorithm, using dot product feature analysis(DPFA).DPFA computes the dot product of consecutive samples, thus naturally capturing the process dynamics through temporal correlation. At the same time, DPFA's online computational complexity is lower than not just existing dynamic algorithms, but also classical static algorithms(e.g., principal component analysis and slow feature analysis). The detectability of the new algorithm is analyzed for three types of faults typically seen in process systems:sensor bias, process fault and gain change fault. Through experiments with a numerical example and real data from a thermal power plant, the DPFA algorithm is shown to be superior to the state-of-the-art methods, in terms of better monitoring performance(fault detection rate and false alarm rate) and lower computational complexity.

关键词： Computational complexity dot product feature analysis (DPFA) dynamic process multivariate statistics process monitoring

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A comparative study on effectiveness and recyclability of three different deep eutectic solvents for biomass fractionation

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Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery 2025年第9期15卷 13393-13407页

作者： Panakkal, Elizabeth Jayex Cheenkachorn, Kraipat Chuetor, Santi Dasari, Srideep Katam, Keerthi Phusantisampan, Theerawut Cheng, Yu-Shen Sriariyanun, Malinee Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Biorefinery and Process Automation Engineering Center The Sirindhorn International Thai-German Graduate School of Engineering King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok Bangkok Thailand Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Biorefinery and Process Automation Engineering Center King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok Bangkok Thailand Department of Chemistry École Centrale School of Engineering Mahindra University Telangana India Department of Civil Engineering École Centrale School of Engineering Mahindra University Telangana India Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Applied Science Biorefinery and Process Automation Engineering Center King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok Bangkok Thailand Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering National Yunlin University of Science and Technology 123 University Road Section 3 Yunlin Douliu64002 Taiwan

The overuse of non-renewable resources to meet rising energy demands has significantly impacted the environment, necessitating the shift to renewable energy sources. Lignocellulosic biorefineries present a sustainable alternative, producing valuable products. With limited reports on the optimal deep eutectic solvent (DES) pretreatment of Napier grass, this study focuses on optimizing and assessing the recyclability of three different DES pretreatments to enhance sugar and ethanol yields from biomass. Three DES were synthesized by combining choline chloride with lactic acid, glycerol, and urea. The physical properties of these DES were analyzed, followed by the optimization of pretreatment conditions using response surface methodology and one-factor-at-a-time approaches. The optimization considered solid loading (1:20 to 1:5, w/w), temperature (80 °C to 130 °C), and time (0.5 h to 5 h) to maximize sugar concentration. The optimal pretreatments improved cellulose content in the pretreated biomass, enhancing sugar yield in the order: alkaline DES > acidic DES > neutral DES. Ethanol fermentation of pretreated biomass using Saccharomyces cerevisiae showed higher ethanol yields from choline chloride: urea (15.87 g/L), followed by choline chloride: glycerol (14.03 g/L), and choline chloride: lactic acid (13.18 g/L). This study highlights the effectiveness of acidic, alkaline, and polyol-based DES in pretreating biomass, enhancing sugar yield up to 1.6-fold compared to native biomass. Recyclability studies showed decreased efficiency and reduced sugar yield over successive cycles, indicating the need for a purification step. Overall, this research demonstrates the potential of three different DES pretreatments in significantly improving sugar and ethanol yields from Napier grass and underscores the economic viability of DES recycling for industrial applications. These findings could inspire future research in developing advanced techniques for purifying used DES before recy

关键词： Fermentation

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Ni-Co doped TiO2 catalyst for efficient photocatalytic degradation of Malachite Green under UV and direct sunlight

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Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2025年 1-16页

作者： Mhalshekar, Krushika Pawar, Vivek Gaydhane, Mrunalini Sontakke, Sharad Materials and Process Development Laboratory Department of Chemical Engineering Birla Institute of Technology and Science K. K. Birla Goa Campus Goa Pilani403726 India Department of Chemical Engineering Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology Punjab Patiala147004 India

In the present study, combustion-synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles were wet impregnated with Ni, Co, and Ni-Co, respectively. The photocatalytic performance of synthesized catalysts was evaluated against Malachite Green dye. The synthesized materials were characterized for crystallite size, surface morphology, elemental composition, and band gap using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and ultra-violet diffused reflectance spectroscopy, respectively. The optimum parameters for maximum degradation were found by examining the effects of catalyst loading, initial dye concentration, and light intensity. A comparative analysis of Ni-doped, Co-doped, and Ni-Co-doped TiO2 photocatalysts was conducted. The results indicate superior photocatalytic activity of Ni-Co doped TiO2 among the catalysts investigated under UV light. The degradation kinetics was studied, and the underlying degradation mechanism was proposed with the help of LC–MS analysis. Furthermore, a comparative study on the degradation under solar radiation using Ni-Co/TiO2 was conducted. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Energy dispersive spectroscopy

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Environmentally friendly tailor-made oleo-dispersions of electrospun cellulose acetate propionate nanostructures in castor oil for lubricant applications

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Nano Materials Science 2025年第1期7卷 90-104页

作者： M.A.Martín-Alfonso J.F.Rubio-Valle J.P.Hinestroza J.E.Martín-Alfonso J.M.Franco Chemical Product and Process Technology Research Center(Pro2TecS) Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceETSIUniversity of Huelva21071HuelvaSpain Department of Fiber Science and Apparel Design Cornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA

The aim of this work is to find an alternative lubricating grease formulation that can be produced from renewable and biodegradable sources with minimal risks to human health and the *** used a castor oil and electrospun cellulose acetate propionate(CAp)as raw *** hypothesized that the acetyl and propionyl groups could provide an adequate chemical compatibility with the castor oil and that the electrospun nanostructures could enable improved physical stability by creating a variety of morphologies allowing the tailoring of the rheological and tribological properties of the resulting *** experimental results show that the use of electrospun CAp nanostructures can indeed yield physically stable formulations,even when used at low concentrations(3 wt%).The resulting dispersions went through structural transitions due to changes in the thickener morphologies and/or concentration,as shown by oscillatory rheology,oil holding capacity,tackiness,and lubrication performance in metal–metal *** found that the formulations,containing smooth or porous CAp nanofibers,at 5 wt%as a thickener,possess suitable rheological and tribological properties with a performance comparable to that of traditional lithium lubricating greases.

关键词： Cleaner products Green lubricants Nanofibers Rheology Tribology

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Structural insights into thraustochytrid-specific lipases using alphafold to identify the role of GXSXG motif

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BMC Biotechnology 2025年第1期25卷 1-12页

作者： Mariam, Iqra Rova, Ulrika Christakopoulos, Paul Matsakas, Leonidas Patel, Alok Biochemical Process Engineering Division of Chemical Engineering Department of Civil Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering Luleå University of Technology LuleåSE-971 87 Sweden

Background: Triacylglycerol lipases (E.C. 3.1.1.3) are serine hydrolases, universally present in animals, plants and microbes and are an integral part of lipid metabolism. They are industrially relevant enzymes that cleave ester bonds of triacylglycerides to release free fatty acids and glycerol. Thraustochytrid Aurantiochytrium limacinum SR21 has previously been reported to utilize 120 g L− 1 of oil substrate. Previously, thraustochytrid specific lipases was reported that allowed the microbe to thrive on oil substrate, however the structural characteristics of these enzymes remain undetermined. Results: In this study, we identified nearly 30 genes that encode TAG lipases with Lipase_3 domain, allowing the marine microbe to thrive on oil substrate. The lipases were predicted to localize at several subcellular compartments such as extracellular (31293), membrane-bound and cytosolic. Phylogenomic analysis revealed that lipases from thraustochytrids form distinct clades, diverging significantly from the well-characterized lipases from yeast Yarrowia lipolytica. Motif enrichment analysis confirmed the presence of the conserved ‘GXSXG’ motif in all lipases, where serine serves as the catalytic residue. Notably, histidine (H) or tyrosine (Y) was found at the second position of the motif in A. limacinum SR21 lipases 34357 (cytosolic) and 31293 (extracellular) respectively, suggesting functional differences. Docking analysis with tripalmitoylglycerol (4RF) revealed lower binding energy (ΔG = -5.7 kcal/mol) for cytoplasmic lipase 34357, indicating a stronger ligand interaction compared to ΔG = -3.4 kcal/mol for the extracellular lipase 31293. This suggests that substituting histidine for tyrosine in the active site affects lipase catalytic efficiency and substrate specificity. Conclusions: Our study provides novel insights regarding the structure and ligand binding affinities for thraustochytrid specific lipases which are diversified attributed to the heterogeneity within th

关键词： Alpha fold Ligand docking Lipase Phylogenomics Thraustochytrids

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A review on computational fluid dynamics modeling of fixed-bed biomass gasifiers: Recent advances and design analysis

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International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2025年 130卷 654-671页

作者： Ngamsidhiphongsa, Nathada Limleamthong, Phantisa Prasertcharoensuk, Phuet Arpornwichanop, Amornchai Center of Excellence in Process and Energy Systems Engineering Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University Bangkok10330 Thailand Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Kasetsart University Bangkok10900 Thailand Bio-Circular-Green-economy Technology & Engineering Center Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University Bangkok10330 Thailand

Biomass gasifiers, especially fixed-bed type, have been perceived as a promising technology for small-scale power generation from renewable sources. Depending on production capacity and end-use applications, various modifications of fixed-bed gasifiers have emerged to generate clean synthesis gas (syngas) with less waste disposal and higher gasifier efficiency. Recently, H2-rich and CO2-free syngas production has been experimented with by modifying operating conditions and gasifier design. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling, incorporating hydrodynamics, chemical reaction mechanism, reactor development, and process intensification, has been brought to pursue a rigorous investigation of gasifier design and the gasification process. This review presents a recent advance in developing the CFD model of fixed-bed gasifiers. A detailed characterization of the biomass gasification process, including devolatilization, homogeneous gas oxidation and reduction, and heterogeneous char reactions, is highlighted. Design analysis of fixed-bed gasifiers is also discussed. Tar species in the devolatilization reaction and their cracking mechanism are interpreted. In addition, the effects of a gasifier configuration and an equivalence ratio of gasifying agents on the producer gas composition, tar content in the producer gas, and the cold gas efficiency are analyzed as a basis for further improvement of the CFD gasifier models. © 2025 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC

关键词： Hydrogen production

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Observer-based stabilization for discrete nonlinear semi-Markov jump singularly perturbed models with mode-switching delay

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第4期68卷 389-390页

作者： Wenhai QI Runkun LI Ju H.PARK Zheng-Guang WU Huaicheng YAN School of Engineering Qufu Normal University Department of Electrical Engineering Yeungnam University Institute of Cyber-Systems and Control Zhejiang University Key Laboratory of Smart Manufacturing in Energy Chemical Process of Ministry of Education East China University of Science and Technology

Semi-Markov jump systems(S-MJMs) not only characterize hybrid systems but also address the limitations of Markov jump systems(MJMs) [1–3]. Due to their ability to exhibit multi-time-scale features, singularly perturbed models(SPMs) effectively model practical systems influenced by multiple time-scale phenomena [4]. In this study, the observer-based output feedback controller is asynchronous with the original system due to the time delay in the controller mode switching. A nonlinear plant with singularly perturbed parameters(SPPs) is represented using an interval type-2(IT2) fuzzy model [5].

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Recent Advances of Electrocatalysts and Electrodes for Direct Formic Acid Fuel Cells:from Nano to Meter Scale Challenges

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第6期17卷 482-531页

作者： Yang Li Ming-Shui Yao Yanping He Shangfeng Du School of Chemical Engineering University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK Department of Chemical Engineering Loughborough UniversityLoughboroughLeicestershire LE113TUUK State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190People’s Republic of China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049People’s Republic of China School of Chemical Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650504People’s Republic of China

Direct formic acid fuel cells are promising energy devices with advantages of low working temperature and high safety in fuel storage and *** have been expected to be a future power source for portable electronic *** technology has been developed rapidly to overcome the high cost and low power performance that hinder its practical application,which mainly originated from the slow reaction kinetics of the formic acid oxidation and complex mass transfer within the fuel cell ***,we provide a comprehensive review of the progress around this technology,in particular for addressing multiscale challenges from catalytic mechanism understanding at the atomic scale,to catalyst design at the nanoscale,electrode structure at the micro scale and design at the millimeter scale,and finally to device fabrication at the meter *** gap between the highly active electrocatalysts and the poor electrode performance in practical devices is ***,perspectives and opportunities are proposed to potentially bridge this gap for further development of this technology.

关键词： Direct formic acid fuel cell Electrocatalyst Electrode Formic acid oxidation Mass transfer

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A Two-Layer Network Intrusion Detection Method Incorporating LSTM and Stacking Ensemble Learning

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Computers, Materials and Continua 2025年第3期83卷 5129-5153页

作者： Wang, Jun Ge, Chaoren Li, Yihong Zhao, Huimin Fu, Qiang Cao, Kerang Jung, Hoekyung College of Computer Science and Technology Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang 110142 China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology for Chemical Process Industry of Liaoning Province Shenyang 110142 China Computer Engineering Department Paichai University Daejeon 35345 South Korea

Network Intrusion Detection System (NIDS) detection of minority class attacks is always a difficult task when dealing with attacks in complex network environments. To improve the detection capability of minority-class attacks, this study proposes an intrusion detection method based on a two-layer structure. The first layer employs a CNN-BiLSTM model incorporating an attention mechanism to classify network traffic into normal traffic, majority class attacks, and merged minority class attacks. The second layer further segments the minority class attacks through Stacking ensemble learning. The datasets are selected from the generic network dataset CIC-IDS2017, NSL-KDD, and the industrial network dataset Mississippi Gas Pipeline dataset to enhance the generalization and practical applicability of the model. Experimental results show that the proposed model achieves an overall detection accuracy of 99%, 99%, and 95% on the CIC-IDS2017, NSL-KDD, and industrial network datasets, respectively. It also significantly outperforms traditional methods in terms of detection accuracy and recall rate for minority class attacks. Compared with the single-layer deep learning model, the two-layer structure effectively reduces the false alarm rate while improving the minority-class attack detection performance. The research in this paper not only improves the adaptability of NIDS to complex network environments but also provides a new solution for minority-class attack detection in industrial network security. Copyright © 2025 The Authors.

关键词： minority class attack network intrusion detection stacking ensemble learning Two-layer architecture

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Biomordant assisted natural dyeing of cellulosic fibre: a greener approach

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Materials Research Innovations 2025年第1期29卷 27-34页

作者： Chowdhury, Tanvir Ahmed Khandaker, Jahirul Islam Gafur, Mohammad Abdul Repon, Md. Reazuddin Islam, Md. Kamrul Hossain, Alamgir Mollick, Swaraz Department of Physics Jahangirnagar University Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Textile Engineering Daffodil International University Dhaka Bangladesh Pilot Plant & Process Development Centre Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems School of Chemical Engineering Aalto University Espoo Finland Department of Production Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Design Kaunas University of Technology Kaunas Lithuania Department of Textile Engineering Jashore University of Science and Technology Jashore Bangladesh

Natural dyes serve as a benign alternative to their synthetic counterparts, offering a sustainable option that directly mitigates the release of toxic chemicals. In this study, cotton fabrics were dyed with neem leaf extract in acidic, neutral and alkaline condition where samples were mordanted with lemon juice. The findings revealed a direct correlation between colour strength (K/S) and pH levels, and optimal fastness properties were achieved under alkaline pH conditions when a mordant was employed. The Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) ensured the elemental composition of lemon juice assisted dyed fabric which indicates the effective binding of cotton fabric with neem leaves extracted dye. The Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy analysis also confirmed the interaction of cotton fabric with dye particles. The results indicate that cotton fabric can be successfully dyed with neem leaf extract and lemon juice as the biomordant, presenting an eco-friendly and sustainable approach to dyeing practices. © 2024 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Cotton fabrics

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