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Adolescent cognitive control processing is associated with anxiety in young adulthood during the COVID-19 pandemic

cognitive, Affective and Behavioral Neuroscience 2025年 1-11页

作者： Stohr, Grace M. Harrewijn, Anita Morales, Santiago Zeytinoglu, Selin Laky, Zoë E. Khosravi, Parmis Cardinale, Elise M. Lorenzo, Nicole Stoddard, Joel Pine, Daniel S. Fox, Nathan A. Brotman, Melissa A. Haller, Simone P. Emotion and Development Branch National Institute of Mental Health National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD United States Department of Psychology Education & Child Studies Erasmus University Rotterdam Rotterdam Netherlands Department of Psychology University of Southern California Los Angeles CA United States Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology University of Maryland College Park MD United States Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Program University of Maryland College Park MD United States Department of Psychology The Catholic University of America Washington DC United States Psychology Department American University Washington DC United States Pediatric Mental Health Institute Children’S Hospital Colorado Department of Psychiatry & Neuroscience Program University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora CO United States

The COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with widespread increases in levels of stress and anxiety among young adults. Given that responses to stressful life events vary, it is important to understand how pre-pandemic neurocognitive factors shape reactivity to stress and susceptibility to anxiety. The present study examines associations between pre-pandemic brain activation patterns during cognitive control processing and anxiety trajectories during the pandemic. Participants were recruited as part of an ongoing longitudinal study of temperament and socioemotional development (N = 291). Forty-seven participants completed a cognitive control fMRI task and anxiety measures in late adolescence before the pandemic. In young adulthood, anxiety was assessed three times during the COVID-19 pandemic. Multivariate whole-brain models tested whether activation patterns during the conflict and error processing associated with latent anxiety indices derived from a latent growth curve model. Neural response during conflict and error processing related to anxiety in distinct cortical and subcortical regions. Level of anterior cingulate cortex engagement during cognitive control related to anxiety. However, during error processing, level of engagement in the dorsolateral prefrontal, rather than anterior cingulate cortex, related to anxiety. This work provides preliminary evidence for the predictive utility of prestress neurocognitive factors for young adults’ anxiety response during a uniquely stressful event. Adolescence is a critical time for early identification of youth at risk to create targeted interventions to enhance stress resilience. © This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US;foreign copyright protection may apply 2025.

关键词： Adolescents Anxiety cognitive control COVID-19 pandemic FMRI Stress

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Gritty Heart: Improved Heart Rate Variability Markers of Adaptive Physiological Response in Grit

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Psychophysiology 2025年第5期62卷 e70064页

作者： Yoo, Jaehoon Kim, Boyoon Park, Sujin Jeon, Jeewon Yoo, Chaebin Kim, M. Justin Park, Daeun Department of Psychology Sungkyunkwan University Seoul South Korea Department of Cognitive Science University of California San Diego La Jolla CA United States Department of Psychology & Program in Neuroscience and Cognitive Science University of Maryland College Park MD United States Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research Institute for Basic Science Suwon South Korea

Grit is a personality trait, conceptualized as perseverance of effort and consistency of interests in long-term goals. Previous research has shown that grit is associated with various positive outcomes, including well-being. Despite extensive research on grit, most studies relied on self-reported measures rather than objective measures. To address this gap, our study investigated the relationship between grit and physiological responses, focusing on resting-state heart rate variability (HRV)–a physiological marker of well-being and adaptability. Additionally, we examined whether this relationship was unique to grit and not explained by other related psychological constructs (i.e., conscientiousness and self-control). A total of 206 healthy college students participated in this study (M_age = 21.03, SD = 2.48, age range = 18–33;111 women). Results of hierarchical regression analyses showed that grit significantly predicted resting-state HRV measures (i.e., RMSSD, SDNN, and HF) even after controlling for conscientiousness, self-control, age, gender, and respiration rate. These findings suggest that grit may play an important role in maintaining improved biological responses in daily life, beyond the effects of neighboring constructs. © 2025 The Author(s). Psychophysiology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society for Psychophysiological Research.

关键词： conscientiousness grit heart rate variability self-control

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Functional connectivity in resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) in opioid use disorder

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The European Physical Journal Special Topics 2025年 1-11页

作者： Atanasova, Neli Todeva-Radneva, Anna Stoyanova, Kristina Psederska, Elena Stoyanov, Drozdstoy Traykova, Nikoleta Vassileva, Jasmin Strategic Research and Innovation Program for the Development of MU-PLOVDIV–(SRIPD-MUP) European Union-NextGeneration EU Plovdiv Bulgaria Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology Medical University Plovdiv Plovdiv Bulgaria Research Institute at Medical University of Plovdiv Medical University of Plovdiv Plovdiv Bulgaria Department of Cognitive Science and Psychology New Bulgarian University Sofia Bulgaria Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond USA Department of Psychiatry Richmond USA

This mini-review examines functional connectivity in resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) among opioid users. The goal is to summarize existing research data and clarify the implications of altered brain connectivity in this population. The first part of the review addresses the critical question of how opioid addiction influences the functional connectivity of key brain networks, such as the default mode network (DMN), salience network (SN), and executive control network (ECN). It examines the neurological basis of opioid addiction, the principles of rs-fMRI, different methodologies employed in this type of research, and inconsistencies and methodological challenges that complicate the interpretation of findings. The second part of the article presents findings derived from our ongoing research in the field. We tested 42 participants of whom 23 healthy controls and 19 patients with opioid use disorder. Each participant underwent an MRI scanning procedure comprised of structural, resting-state and task sequences. The neuroimaging data was processed using the CONN Toolbox running on MATLAB. Our preliminary rs-fMRI findings reveal significant disruptions in functional connectivity in individuals with opioid addiction within DMN and SN networks involved in cognitive functions such as decision-making and impulse control. The review concludes by emphasizing the importance of standardizing research practices, conducting longitudinal randomized studies, and developing a more holistic approach to understanding the effects of heroin addiction. These efforts would contribute to the development of personalized and effective intervention strategies.

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Hearing a code-switch increases bilinguals’ attention to and memory for information

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Journal of Memory and Language 2025年 143卷

作者： Salig, Lauren K. Valdés Kroff, Jorge R. Slevc, L. Robert Novick, Jared M. Program in Neuroscience and Cognitive Science University of Maryland College Park United States Department of Spanish and Portuguese Studies University of Florida United States Department of Psychology University of Maryland College Park United States Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences University of Maryland College Park United States

In conversation with each other, bilinguals sometimes code-switch between their shared languages. While psycholinguistic research often highlights the challenges of processing code-switches compared to single-language utterances, bilinguals seem to navigate code-switching with ease. Alongside empirical evidence that code-switching does not always disrupt comprehension in natural contexts, this raises intriguing questions about the potential benefits of code-switching. We propose that code-switching enhances bilingual listeners’ attention to the speech signal, improving the encoding and memory of linguistic messages near the switch. In Experiment 1, Spanish-English bilinguals listened to code-switched and single-language stories, occasionally reported their attention levels, and later answered comprehension questions. They reported greater attention to and demonstrated increased memory for code-switched content. Experiment 2 tested whether this attentional effect was simply due to the saliency of language changes by having English-speaking monolinguals complete the same task. Although monolinguals showed better memory when reporting higher attention, they did not show increased attention following code-switches. These findings suggest that bilinguals’ experience with the communicative contexts in which code-switches typically occur enables them to focus their attention on speech content during a code-switch, aiding in their collection and retention of that content over time. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Attention Bilingual Code-switching Language comprehension Memory

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A social conditioned place preference test and pair maintenance in the monogamous zebra finch

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Physiology and Behavior 2025年 297卷 114925-114925页

作者： Kim, Martin R. Haakenson, Chelsea M. Brown, Jane A. Ball, Gregory F. Prior, Nora H. Department of Psychology Cornell University Ithaca NY United States Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Program Department of Psychology University of Maryland College Park MD United States

Social relationships are essential for a wide range of species, including humans. The mechanisms of pair formation and maintenance appear to be distinct, although relatively little is known about pair maintenance compared to bond formation. A social conditioned place preference (SCPP) test, a paradigm not often used, could be used to reveal differences in the mechanisms of bond formation and maintenance. Here we used the SCPP test across two experiments to investigate how the behavioral and neuroendocrine mechanisms of social affiliation change over the course of pair bonding in the monogamous zebra finch. In our procedure, we had three 30 min phases: preconditioning occurring on Day 1, followed by conditioning and postconditioning, both on Day 2. In our first experiment, we simply asked whether courting and paired dyads would form SCPPs in this assay. We found evidence that courting, but not paired birds, formed SCPPs. This was particularly evident for courting females. Courting and paired dyads also engaged in different behaviors during the conditioning phase. Despite these effects of social context on behavior, there was no clear relationship between these behavioral differences and the formation of SCPPs for courting males or females. We next tested whether pharmacological treatment with D1 and D2 receptor agonists would alter the effects of social context on the formation of SCPPs. Specifically, we hypothesized that treatment with a D1-agonist (SKF 38393) would block the formation of SCPPs in courting dyads and that activation of D2-like receptors (quinpirole) would induce SCPPs in already established pairs. In contrast with Experiment 1, we did not see any groups forming SCPPs, but paired males, regardless of pharmacological treatment, appeared to form aversions to the conditioning side. Furthermore, there was significantly less courtship and affiliative behavior in the second experiment. Combined, this leads us to suspect that coupling the SCPP with an s.c. i

关键词： Copulations CPP Male song NAc Reinforcing properties Reward

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Saddle pressures distribution at different pedaling intensities in young off-road cyclists: focus on sex

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Annals of Medicine 2025年第1期57卷 2495764页

作者： Vicari, Domenico Savio Salvatore Patti, Antonino Giustino, Valerio Figlioli, Flavia Zangla, Daniele Maksimovic, Nemanja Drid, Patrik Palma, Antonio Bianco, Antonino Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit Department of Psychology Educational Science and Human Movement University of Palermo Palermo Italy Department of Neurosciences Biomedicine and Movement Sciences University of Verona Verona Italy PhD Program in Health Promotion and Cognitive Sciences University of Palermo Palermo Italy Faculty of Sport and Physical Education University of Novi Sad Novi Sad Serbia

Background: The pressures on the saddle depend on several factors and can compress specific neurovascular tissues, leading to acute and chronic genital pathologies. Based on the pelvic differences between males and females, the aim of this study was to explore any differences on saddle pressures distribution according to sex. Methods: Twenty young off-road cyclists (10 m, 10 f) were recruited. Each participant was evaluated on own bike installed on a specific bike roller with a magnetic resistance. Firstly, each participant was asked to warm-up for 10 min at a self-selected cadence and intensity. Then, saddle pressures distribution was measured at three different pedaling intensities (100, 140, 180 W) with a pedaling cadence of 90 rpm, using a device equipped with sensors capable of acquiring pressures. Results: A significant difference in the ischial distance was found between males and females (p = 0.007). As pedaling intensity increased, results showed a significant higher pressure in the pubic region (p = 0.004) in males and a significant higher pressure in the posterior region in females (p = 0.034). Post hoc multiple comparisons test revealed a significant increase from 100 to 180 W (p = 0.003) in the pubic region pressure in males, while no significant differences were detected in the posterior region pressure in females. Conclusions: In male off-road cyclists, the pressure in the pubic region is higher with increasing pedaling intensity. Hence, to prevent acute and chronic genital pathologies, it would be advisable to fix the saddle in the best possible way during the bike fitting. © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Bicycle bike biomechanics cycling cyclists saddle pressures

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I see sick people: Beliefs about sensory detection of infectious disease are largely consistent across cultures

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Brain, Behavior, and Immunity 2025年 128卷 737-750页

作者： Ackerman, Joshua M. Samore, Theodore Fessler, Daniel M.T. Kupfer, Tom R. Choi, Soyeon Merrell, Wilson N. Aarøe, Lene Aavik, Toivo Acabado, Stephen Akello, Grace Alfian, Ilham N. Al-Shawaf, Laith Alvarez, Marinés M. Ammann, Jeanine Arikan, Gizem Asha, Saiyeda A. Astobiza, Anibal M. Baeza-Ugarte, Carmen G. Barclay, Pat Barlow, Fiona Kate Bizarro, Lisiane Bressan, Paola Castellanos-Chacón, Andres Choy, Bryan K.C. Chusairi, Achmad Contreras-Garduño, Jorge Chávez Cosamalón, Brenda L. Costa-Neves, Bernardo De, Mallika de Lima, Tiago J.S. de Zoysa, Piyanjali Dryžaitė, Ieva Elbæk, Christian T. Fedor, Peter Fernández, Ana M. Fernandez-Morales, Regina Fülöp, Márta Gamsakhurdia, Vladimer Lado Garcia-Gómez, Leonor Garcia-Marques, Leonel Garduño-Franco, Jimena Pilar Grazioso, María del Habacht, Fanny Hasan, Youssef Haugestad, Camila P. Haugestad, Christian A.P. Havlíček, Jan Hernandez, Earl J. Hoang, Vu M. Hong, Minsung Hromatko, Ivana Iliško, Dzintra Imada, Hirotaka Jakšić, Ivana Jarmakowski, Tomasz Hjördísar Jónsdóttir, Harpa L. Kajokaite, Kotrina Kaňková, Šárka Kervyn, Nicolas Kim, Jinseok P. Kunst, Jonas R. Laakasuo, Michael Leongómez, Juan David Li, Norman P. Lu, Junsong Lynch, Nathan Maegli, María A. Manley, Harry Marcu, Gabriela McAfee, Thea Mitkidis, Panagiotis Molnár, Nándor B. Morvinski, Coby Muhamad, Haslina Nejat, Pegah Huy, Hoang Nguyen Oliveira, Angelica N. Olsson, Mats J. Onyishi, Charity N. Onyishi, Ike E. Orozco, Reegan Otterbring, Tobias Ottersen, Ida S. Pacheco-López, Gustavo Panagiotopoulou, Penny Paniagua, Walter Parvin, Roksana Pavlović, Zoran Prokop, Pavol Raffman, Emma Rizwan, Muhammad Rojas, Sheila Różycka-Tran, Joanna Sánchez, Oscar R. Selim, Heyla Sevi, Barış Shani, Yaniv Shastry, Madhulika S. Stieger, Stefan Suh, Eunkook M. Sumari, Melati Takemura, Kosuke Tognetti, Arnaud Trombetta, Roberta Z.R. Tybur, Joshua M. Ucak, Eylul B. Uchida, Yukiko Valentova, Jaroslava V. Viciana, Hugo Visine, Amandine Wang, Jin Wang, XT Yahiiaiev, Illia I. Zein, Rizqy A. Žeželj, Iris Department of Psychology University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States Religion Programme University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand Department of Anthropology University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA United States Center for Behavior Evolution & Culture University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA United States Bedari Kindness Institute University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA United States Department of Psychology Nottingham Trent University England Nottingham United Kingdom Department of Psychology University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI United States Center for the Experimental-Philosophical Study of Discrimination Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark Department of Political Science Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark Institute of Psychology University of Tartu Tartu Estonia Department of Mental Health Faculty of Medicine Gulu University Gulu Uganda Department of Psychology Universitas Airlangga East Java Indonesia Department of Psychology University of Colorado Colorado Springs Colorado Springs CO United States Department of Psychology Universidad del Valle Guatemala Guatemala City Guatemala Agroscope Research group Economic Modelling and Policy Analysis Ettenhausen Switzerland Department of Political Science Trinity College Dublin Dublin Ireland Department of Psychology International University of Business Agriculture and Technology Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Philosophy University of Granada Granada Spain Department of Psychology University of Guelph Guelph ON Canada School of Psychology University of Queensland Brisbane QLD Australia Graduate Program in Psychology Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Do Sul RS Porto Alegre Brazil Department of General Psychology University of Padova Padova Italy Faculty of Psychology Universidad El Bosque Bogotá Colombia Ministry of Defence Singapore Sustainability and Education Policy Network Saskatoon SK Canada Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores unid

Identifying cues to contagious disease is critical for effectively tracking and defending against interpersonal infection threats. People hold lay beliefs about the types of sensory information most relevant for identifying whether others are sick with transmissible illnesses. Are these beliefs universal, or do they vary along cultural and ecological dimensions? Participants in 58 countries (N = 19,217) judged how effective, and how likely they were to use, cues involving each of the five major sensory modalities in an imagined social interaction during a flu outbreak. Belief patterns were strongly consistent across countries (sight > audition > touch > smell > taste), suggesting a largely universal conceptualization of the role of sensory information for interpersonal respiratory disease detection. Results also support a safe senses hypothesis, with perceivers reporting that they would use senses that function at a distance—and thus reduce pathogen transmission risk—more than would be expected given participants’ beliefs as to the efficacy of these senses for disease detection. Where societal variation did emerge, it was captured by a cohesive set of socio-ecological factors, including human development, latitude, pathogen prevalence, and population density. Together, these findings reveal a shared lens through which contagious respiratory disease is assessed, one that prioritizes minimizing risk to perceivers, and may offer leverage for designing interventions to improve public health. © 2025 Elsevier Inc.

关键词： Behavioral immune system Culture Iterpersonal perception Pathogen threat Sensation Threat detection

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Maps by Which We May Not Steer: Why Psychologists Should Expect Low Belief-Behavior Correspondence

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Psychological Inquiry 2025年第1期36卷

作者： Joseph Sommer Kerem Oktar a University Center for Human Values/Program in Cognitive Science Princeton University Princeton New Jersey b Department of Psychology Princeton University Princeton New Jersey

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ENIGMA-Meditation: Worldwide Consortium for Neuroscientific Investigations of Meditation Practices

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Biological Psychiatry: cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging 2025年第4期10卷 425-436页

作者： Ganesan, Saampras Barrios, Fernando A. Batta, Ishaan Bauer, Clemens C.C. Braver, Todd S. Brewer, Judson A. Brown, Kirk Warren Cahn, Rael Cain, Joshua A. Calhoun, Vince D. Cao, Lei Chetelat, Gaël Ching, Christopher R.K. Creswell, J. David Dagnino, Paulina Clara Davanger, Svend Davidson, Richard J. Deco, Gustavo Dutcher, Janine M. Escrichs, Anira Eyler, Lisa T. Fani, Negar Farb, Norman A.S. Fialoke, Suruchi Fresco, David M. Garg, Rahul Garland, Eric L. Goldin, Philippe Hafeman, Danella M. Jahanshad, Neda Kang, Yoona Khalsa, Sahib S. Kirlic, Namik Lazar, Sara W. Lutz, Antoine McDermott, Timothy J. Pagnoni, Giuseppe Piguet, Camille Prakash, Ruchika S. Rahrig, Hadley Reggente, Nicco Saccaro, Luigi F. Sacchet, Matthew D. Siegle, Greg J. Tang, Yi-Yuan Thomopoulos, Sophia I. Thompson, Paul M. Torske, Alyssa Treves, Isaac N. Tripathi, Vaibhav Tsuchiyagaito, Aki Turner, Matthew D. Vago, David R. Valk, Sofie Zeidan, Fadel Zalesky, Andrew Turner, Jessica A. King, Anthony P. Department of Biomedical Engineering The University of Melbourne Carlton VIC Australia Contemplative Studies Centre Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences The University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia Systems Lab of Neuroscience Neuropsychiatry and Neuroengineering The University of Melbourne Parkville VIC Australia Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Instituto de Neurobiolgía México Querétaro Mexico Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science: Georgia State University Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University Atlanta GA United States Department of Psychology Northeastern University Boston Massachusetts Brain and Cognitive Science McGovern Institute for Brain Research Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences Washington University St. Louis Missouri Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences Brown University School of Public Health Providence Rhode Island Department of Psychology Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA United States University of Southern California Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences Los Angeles California University of Southern California Center for Mindfulness Science Los Angeles California Institute for Advanced Consciousness Studies Santa Monica California Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health The Ohio State University College of Medicine Columbus OH United States Normandie University Université de Caen Normandie INSERM U1237 Neuropresage Team Cyceron Caen France Imaging Genetics Center Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California Los Angeles California Desert-Pacific Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center VA San Diego Healthcare System San Diego California Computational Neuroscience Group Center for Brain and Cognition Department of Information and Communication Technologies Universitat Pompeu Fa

Meditation is a family of ancient and contemporary contemplative mind-body practices that can modulate psychological processes, awareness, and mental states. Over the last 40 years, clinical science has manualized meditation practices and designed various meditation interventions that have shown therapeutic efficacy for disorders including depression, pain, addiction, and anxiety. Over the past decade, neuroimaging has been used to examine the neuroscientific basis of meditation practices, effects, states, and outcomes for clinical and nonclinical populations. However, the generalizability and replicability of current neuroscientific models of meditation have not yet been established, because they are largely based on small datasets entrenched with heterogeneity along several domains of meditation (e.g., practice types, meditation experience, clinical disorder targeted), experimental design, and neuroimaging methods (e.g., preprocessing, analysis, task-based, resting-state, structural magnetic resonance imaging). These limitations have precluded a nuanced and rigorous neuroscientific phenotyping of meditation practices and their potential benefits. Here, we present ENIGMA (Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics through Meta Analysis)–Meditation, the first worldwide collaborative consortium for neuroscientific investigations of meditation practices. ENIGMA-Meditation will enable systematic meta- and mega-analyses of globally distributed neuroimaging datasets of meditation using shared, standardized neuroimaging methods and tools to improve statistical power and generalizability. Through this powerful collaborative framework, existing neuroscientific accounts of meditation practices can be extended to generate novel and rigorous neuroscientific insights that account for multidomain heterogeneity. ENIGMA-Meditation will inform neuroscientific mechanisms that underlie therapeutic action of meditation practices on psychological and cognitive attributes, thereby advancing the f

关键词： Consortium ENIGMA Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Meditation Mindfulness Neuroimaging

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Auditory Temporal Processing Can Predict Reading Measurements in Neurotypical Adults: Evidence for Cascading Effects of Low-Level Auditory Processing on High-Level cognitive Ability

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Auditory Perception & Cognition 2025年第1期8卷

作者： Yi Wei Roeland Hancock L. Robert Slevc a Department of Psychological Sciences University of Connecticut Storrs CT USA b Department of Psychological Sciences The Connecticut Institute for the Brain and Cognitive Sciences of University of Connecticut Storrs CT USA c Department of Psychology Program in Neuroscience and Cognitive Science University of Maryland College Park MD USA

ABSTRACTAccurate processing of auditory timing information has been proposed as crucial for the development of various complex cognitive abilities, such as literacy. However, empirical validation of this hypothesis has primarily involved using isochronous stimuli, which do not capture the nonlinearity inherent in the perception of timing in speech and music. Additionally, most work has focused on clinical/developmental populations and assessed timing at slower time scales, limiting our knowledge of this relationship. The current study introduces a perturbation stimulus design aimed at overcoming these limitations. We examined the association between reading abilities and behavioral entrainment to perturbation stimuli and applied a novel curve-fitting technique to analyze participants’ entrainment in response to perturbations. We demonstrate that behavioral entrainment during the post-perturbation time window yields superior predictive value across a wide array of reading measurements compared to entrainment to isochronous stimuli (before the perturbation) in a neurotypical adult population. Our perturbation paradigm effectively reveals individual differences in auditory temporal processing among neurotypical adults, offering a novel approach to investigating the link between auditory temporal processing and literacy skills beyond clinical/developmental contexts. Our novel curve-fitting analysis effectively captures the nonlinear aspects of participants’ entrainment when recovering from tempo perturbations.

关键词： Auditory processing behavioral entrainment perturbation reading measurements

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