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作者： Lee, SeHan Yu, YunSeop Hwang, SungWoo Ahn, Doyeol Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering Korea University 5-1 Anam Sungbuk Seoul 136-701 Korea Republic of Department of Information and Control Engineering Graduate School of Bio-Environment and Information Technology Hankyong National University 67 Seokjeong Anseong Kyeongi-do 456-749 Korea Republic of Institute of Quantum Information Processing and Systems University of Seoul 90 Jeonnong Dongdaemun Seoul 130-743 Korea Republic of

An equivalent circuit model of nanowire diodes is introduced. Because nanowire diodes inevitably involve a metal-semiconductor-metal structure, they consist of two metal-semiconductor contacts and one resistor in between these contacts. Our equivalent circuit consists of two Schottky diodes and one resistor. The current through the reverse-biased Schottky diode is calculated from the thermionic field emission (TFE) theory and that of the forward-biased Schottky diode is obtained from the classical thermionic emission (TE) equation. Our model is integrated into the conventional circuit simulator SPICE by a sub-circuit with TFE and TE routines. The results simulated with our model by SPICE are in good agreement with various, previously reported experimental results. Copyright © 2007 American Scientific Publishers All rights reserved.

关键词： Equivalent circuits

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Robust controlled-NOT gate in the presence of large fabrication-induced variations of the exchange interaction strength

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Physical Review A 2007年第1期76卷 012302-012302页

作者： M. J. Testolin C. D. Hill C. J. Wellard L. C. L. Hollenberg Centre for Quantum Computer Technology School of Physics The University of Melbourne Victoria 3010 Australia Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics University of Liverpool Brownlow Hill L69 3GJ Liverpool United Kingdom

We demonstrate how using two-qubit composite rotations a high fidelity controlled-NOT (CNOT) gate can be constructed, even when the strength of the interaction between qubits is not accurately known. We focus on the exchange interaction oscillation in silicon based solid-state architectures with a Heisenberg Hamiltonian. This method easily applies to a general two-qubit Hamiltonian. We show how the robust CNOT gate can achieve a very high fidelity when a single application of the composite rotations is combined with a modest level of Hamiltonian characterization. Operating the robust CNOT gate in a suitably characterized system means concatenation of the composite pulse is unnecessary, hence reducing operation time, and ensuring the gate operates below the threshold required for fault-tolerant quantum computation.

关键词： quantum COMPUTATION COMPOSITE PULSES ENTANGLEMENT computer SILICON

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Phase-remapping attack in practical quantum-key-distribution systems

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Physical Review A 2007年第3期75卷 032314-032314页

作者： Chi-Hang Fred Fung Bing Qi Kiyoshi Tamaki Hoi-Kwong Lo Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Control Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Department of Physics University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada NTT Basic Research Laboratories NTT Corporation 3-1 Morinosato Wakamiya Atsugi-Shi Kanagawa 243-0198 Japan and CREST JST Agency 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi Saitama 332-0012 Japan

quantum key distribution (QKD) can be used to generate secret keys between two distant parties. Even though QKD has been proven unconditionally secure against eavesdroppers with unlimited computation power, practical implementations of QKD may contain loopholes that may lead to the generated secret keys being compromised. In this paper, we propose a phase-remapping attack targeting two practical bidirectional QKD systems (the “plug-and-play” system and the Sagnac system). We showed that if the users of the systems are unaware of our attack, the final key shared between them can be compromised in some situations. Specifically, we showed that, in the case of the Bennett-Brassard 1984 (BB84) protocol with ideal single-photon sources, when the quantum bit error rate (QBER) is between 14.6% and 20%, our attack renders the final key insecure, whereas the same range of QBER values has been proved secure if the two users are unaware of our attack; also, we demonstrated three situations with realistic devices where positive key rates are obtained without the consideration of Trojan horse attacks but in fact no key can be distilled. We remark that our attack is feasible with only current technology. Therefore, it is very important to be aware of our attack in order to ensure absolute security. In finding our attack, we minimize the QBER over individual measurements described by a general POVM, which has some similarity with the standard quantum state discrimination problem.

关键词： UNCONDITIONAL SECURITY CRYPTOGRAPHY DISCRIMINATION PROTOCOL STATES PROOF

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Polychromatic gap solitons and breathers in nonlinear waveguide arrays

Polychromatic gap solitons and breathers in nonlinear wavegu...

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Nonlinear Photonics, NP 2007

作者： Sukhorukov, Andrey A. Neshev, Dragomir N. Dreischuh, Alexander Fischer, Robert Ha, Sangwoo Krolikowski, Wieslaw Bolger, Jeremy Eggleton, Benjamin J. Mitchell, Arnan Austin, Michael W. Kivshar, Yuri S. Nonlinear Physics Centre and Laser Physics Centre RSPhysSE Australian National University Canberra Australia Department of Quantum Electronics Faculty of Physics Sofia University 1164 Sofia Bulgaria School of Physics University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia School of Electrical and Computer Engineering RMIT University Melbourne VIC 3001 Australia

We predict the spatial localization of multiple wavelength components in the form of stationary polychromatic gap solitons and dynamic multi-gap breathers, and observe experimentally tunable spatio-spectral trapping o... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)1557528470

关键词： Waveguides

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Femtosecond mid-infrared difference-frequency-generation tunable between 3.2 μm and 4.8 μm from a compact fiber source

Femtosecond mid-infrared difference-frequency-generation tun...

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2007 European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics and the International quantum Electronics Conference, CLEO

作者： Erny, C. Moutzouris, K. Biegert, J. Keller, U. Kuhlke, D. Adler, F. Leitenstorfer, A. ETH Zurich Department of Physics Institute of Quantum Electronics Wolfgang-Pauli-Str. 16 CH-SOS 3 Zurich Switzerland Furtwangen University of Applied Sciences Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering Robert-Gerwig-Platz 1 78120 Furtwangen Germany Department of Physics Center for Applied Photonics University of Konstanz P.O. Box M62S D-78457 Konstanz Germany

No abstract available

ISBN: (纸本)1424409306

No abstract available

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Investigations of ZnO thin films grown on c-Al2O3by pulsed laser deposition in N2+ O2ambient

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physica status solidi c 2008年第9期5卷

作者： D. J. Rogers D. C. Look F. Hosseini Téhérani K. Minder M. Razeghi A. Largeteau G. Demazeau J. Morrod K. A. Prior A. Lusson S. Hassani Nanovation SARL 103 bis rue de Versailles 91400 Orsay France Semiconductor Research Center Wright State University Dayton OH 45435 USA Center for Quantum Devices Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA ICMCB-CNRS Bordeaux 1 University (Science & Technology) 87 Av. A. Schweitzer 33608 Pessac France Physics Department Heriot Watt University Edinburgh EH14 4AS Scotland GEMAC CNRS UMR 8635 UVSQ 1 Place Aristide Briand 92190 Meudon France

ZnO films were deposited on c-Al 2 O 3 using pulsed laser deposition both with and without N 2 in the growth ambient. X-ray diffraction revealed poorer crystal quality and surface morphology for one-step growths with N 2 in the ambient. A marked improvement in both the crystallographic and surface quality was obtained through use of two-step growths employing nominally undoped ZnO buffer layers prior to growth with N 2 in the ambient. All films showed majority n-type conduction in Hall measurements. Post-annealing for 30 minutes at 600 ºC in O 2 systematically reduced both the carrier concentration and the conductivity. A base room temperature carrier concentration of ∼ 10 16 cm –3 was linked to Al diffusing from the substrate. 4.2 K photoluminescence spectra exhibited blue bands associated with the growths having N 2 in the ambient. Temperature dependent Hall measurements were consistent with N being incorporated in the films. Processed devices did not, however, show rectifying behaviour or electroluminescence. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

关键词： 61.05.cp 68.55.−a 73.20.Hb 73.61.Ga 81.05.Dz 81.15.Fg

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Single-photon quantum key distribution in the presence of loss

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Physical Review A 2007年第5期75卷 052336-052336页

作者： Marcos Curty Tobias Moroder Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Control Department of Physics and Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada M5S 3G4 Institute for Quantum Computing University of Waterloo 200 University Avenue West Waterloo Ontario Canada N2L 3G1 Quantum Information Theory Group Institut für Theoretische Physik I and Max-Planck Research Group Institute of Optics Information and Photonics Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg D-91058 Erlangen Germany

We investigate two-way and one-way single-photon quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols in the presence of loss introduced by the quantum channel. Our analysis is based on a simple precondition for secure QKD in each case. In particular, the legitimate users need to prove that there exists no separable state (in the case of two-way QKD), or that there exists no quantum state having a symmetric extension (one-way QKD), that is compatible with the available measurements results. We show that both criteria can be formulated as a convex optimization problem known as a semidefinite program, which can be efficiently solved. Moreover, we prove that the solution to the dual optimization corresponds to the evaluation of an optimal witness operator that belongs to the minimal verification set of them for the given two-way (or one-way) QKD protocol. A positive expectation value of this optimal witness operator states that no secret key can be distilled from the available measurements results. We apply such analysis to several well-known single-photon QKD protocols under losses.

关键词： SEPARABILITY CRITERION NONORTHOGONAL STATES COHERENT STATES CRYPTOGRAPHY PROTOCOL DIFFERENTIATE SECURITY THEOREM PROOF

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Femtosecond mid-infrared difference-frequency-generation tunable between 3.2 μm and 4.8 μm from a compact fiber source

Femtosecond mid-infrared difference-frequency-generation tun...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： C. Erny K. Moutzouris J. Biegert U. Keller D. Kuhlke F. Adler A. Leitenstorfer Department of Physics Institute of Quantum Electronics ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland Department of Computer & Electrical Engineering Furtwangen University of Applied Sciences Furtwangen Germany Department of Physics and Center of Applied Photonics University of Konstanz Konstanz Germany

We demonstrate a mid-infrared laser source tunable between 3.2 mum and 4.8 mum with an average output power of more than 1 mW. The spectral bandwidth of up to 325 nm supports sub- 60-fs pulses.

ISBN: (纸本)1557528349

We demonstrate a mid-infrared laser source tunable between 3.2 mum and 4.8 mum with an average output power of more than 1 mW. The spectral bandwidth of up to 325 nm supports sub- 60-fs pulses.

关键词： Fiber lasers Ultrafast optics Power generation Pulse amplifiers Tunable circuits and devices Laser theory Optical pulses Frequency conversion Fiber nonlinear optics Optical mixing

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Femtosecond mid-infrared difference-frequency-generation tunable between 3.2 μm and 4.8 μm from a compact fiber source

Femtosecond mid-infrared difference-frequency-generation tun...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe (CLEO EUROPE)

作者： C. Erny K. Moutzouris J. Biegert U. Keller D. Kuhlke F. Adler A. Leitenstorfer Department of Physics Institute of Quantum Electronics ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland Department of Computer & Electrical Engineering Furtwangen University of Applied Sciences Furtwangen Germany Department of Physics and Center for Applied Photonics University of Konstanz Konstanz Germany

A broadband fiber-based femtosecond laser source, tunable in the mid-IR between 3.2 μm and 4.8 μm, exhibiting a maximum output power of more than 1 mW, and a conversion efficiency of more than 30%, is demonstrated. ... 详细信息

关键词： Optical pulse generation Pulse amplifiers Ultrafast optics Power generation Tunable circuits and devices Fiber nonlinear optics Nonlinear optics Optical mixing Laser tuning Optical fiber amplifiers

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Design for Mixed Circuits of Organic FETs and Plastic MEMS Switches for Wireless Power Transmission Sheet

Design for Mixed Circuits of Organic FETs and Plastic MEMS S...

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IEEE International Conference on Integrated Circuit Design and Technology (ICICDT)

作者： Makoto Takamiya Tsuyoshi Sekitani Yoshio Miyamoto Yoshiaki Noguchi Hiroshi Kawaguchi Takao Someya Takayasu Sakurai VLSI Design and Education Center University of Tokyo Japan Quantum-Phase Electronics Center School of Engineering University of Tokyo Japan Department of Computer and Systems Engineering Kobe University Japan Center for Collaborative Research University of Tokyo Japan

Design innovations to overcome the shortcomings of a wireless power transmission sheet made with plastic MEMS switches and OFET for printable low-cost electronics are shown. The mixed circuits of MEMS switches and OFETs with two different frequencies reduce the number of coil sheets form 2 to 1. OFET level-shifters, with the current-source loads with enhancement/depletion mixed threshold voltages realized by controlling the back-gate voltage, bridge the operation voltage gap between silicon VLSIs (below 5 V) and OFETs/MEMS (above 40 V).

关键词： Circuits OFETs Plastics Microswitches Power transmission Threshold voltage Technological innovation Frequency Coils Voltage control

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