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A practical community-based response strategy to interrupt Ebola transmission in sierra Leone, 2014–2015

Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2016年第1期5卷 670-679页

作者： Zhong-Jie Li Wen-Xiao Tu Xiao-Chun Wang Guo-Qing Shi Zun-Dong Yin Hai-Jun Su Tao Shen Da-Peng Zhang Jian-Dong Li Shan Lv Chun-Li Cao Rui-Qian Xie Hong-Zhou Lu Rong-Meng Jiang Zheng Cao Zhi-Jie An Lei-Lei Li Jie Xu Yan-Wen Xiong Wei Zang Wei Zhang Hong-Wei Zhang Wen-Sen Chen Hua Ling Wen Xu Jian Cai Huan-Jin Luo Xue-Sheng Xing Can-Jun Zheng Qiang Wei Xin-Xu Li Mei Li Hai Jiang Li-Quan Deng Ming-Quan Chen Xiang Huo Feng Xu Xue-Hui Lai Xi-Chen Bai Long-Jie Ye Jian-Yi Yao Wen-Wu Yin Jiao-Jin Sun Lin Xiao Fu-Qiang Liu Xiao-Qiang Liu Hong-Wei Fan Zeng-Qiang Kou Ji-Kun Zhou Hao Zhang Da-Xin Ni Thomas TSamba Qun Li Hong-Jie Yu Yu Wang Xiao-Feng Liang Division of Infectious Disease Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early-warning on Infectious DiseaseChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Public Health Emergency Center Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Program Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina National Immunization Program Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Bureau of Disease Prevention and Control National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People’s Republic of ChinaBeijingChina National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina National Institute of Parasitic Disease Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionShanghaiChina Chinese Center for Health Education BeijingChina Department of Infectious Diseases Shanghai Public Health Clinical CenterShanghaiChina Beijing Ditan Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Health News BeijingChina National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Department of Training Chinese Center for Health EducationBeijingChina Center for Infectious Diseases Beijing Youan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Infection Management The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention ChongqingChina Yunnan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention KunmingChina Division of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionHangzhouChina Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention GuangzhouChina Division of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionW

Background:The Ebola virus disease spread rapidly in West Africa in 2014,leading to the loss of thousands of *** engagement was one of the key strategies to interrupt Ebola transmission,and practical community level measures needed to be explored in the field and tailored to the specific context of ***:First,community-level education on Ebola virus disease(EVD)prevention was launched for the community’s social mobilizers in six districts in Sierra Leone beginning in November ***,from January to May of 2015,in three pilot communities,local trained community members were organized to engage in implementation of EVD prevention and transmission interruption measures,by involving them in alert case report,contact tracing,and social *** epidemiological indicators of transmission interruption in three study communities were ***:A total of 6016 community social mobilizers from 185 wards were trained by holding 279 workshops in the six districts,and EVD message reached an estimated 631680 *** three pilot communities,72 EVD alert cases were reported,with 70.8%of them detected by trained local community members,and 14 EVD cases were finally *** tracing detected 64.3%of EVD *** median duration of community infectivity for the cases was 1 *** secondary attack rate was 4.2%,and no third generation of infection was *** health worker was infected,and no unsafe burial and noncompliance to EVD control measures were *** community-based measures were modeled to reduce 77 EVD cases,and the EVD-free goal was achieved four months earlier in study communities than whole country of Sierra ***: The community-based strategy of social mobilization and community engagement was effective in casedetection and reducing the extent of Ebola transmission in a country with weak health system. The successfullypractical experience to reduce the risk of Ebola transmission in the

关键词： Ebola virus disease Community engagement Health education Outbreak control

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Global, regional, and national sex-specific burden and control of the HIV epidemic, 1990–2019, for 204 countries and territories: the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019

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The Lancet HIV 2021年第10期8卷 e633-e651页

作者： Jahagirdar, Deepa Walters, Magdalene K. Novotney, Amanda Brewer, Edmond D. Frank, Tahvi D. Carter, Austin Biehl, Molly H. Abbastabar, Hedayat Abhilash, E.S. Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Abu-Raddad, Laith Jamal Adekanmbi, Victor Adeyinka, Daniel Adedayo Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Afzal, Saira Aghababaei, Soodabeh Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmadi, Keivan Ahmadi, Sepideh Ahmadpour, Ehsan Ahmed, Muktar Beshir Rashid, Tarik Ahmed Salih, Yusra Ahmed Aklilu, Addis Akram, Tayyaba Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet Al Hamad, Hanadi Alahdab, Fares Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour Aleksandrova, Ekaterina A. Alene, Kefyalew Addis Ali, Liaqat Alipour, Vahid Almustanyir, Sami Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena Amu, Hubert Andrei, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Tudorel Anvari, Davood Arabloo, Jalal Aremu, Olatunde Arulappan, Judie Atnafu, Desta Debalkie Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala Ayza, Muluken Altaye Azari, Samad Darshan, B.B. Banach, Maciej Bärnighausen, Till Winfried Barra, Fabio Barrow, Amadou Basu, Sanjay Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad Belay, Habtamu Gebrehana Berheto, Tezera Moshago Bezabhe, Woldesellassie Mequanint Bezabih, Yihienew Mequanint Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhardwaj, Nikha Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bibi, Sadia Bijani, Ali Bisignano, Catherine Bolarinwa, Obasanjo Afolabi Boloor, Archith Boltaev, Azizbek A. Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich Buonsenso, Danilo Burkart, Katrin Butt, Zahid A. Cao, Chao Charan, Jaykaran Chatterjee, Souranshu Chattu, Soosanna Kumary Chattu, Vijay Kumar Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan Chu, Dinh-Toi Couto, Rosa A.S. Cowden, Richard G. Dachew, Berihun Assefa Dadras, Omid Dagnew, Amare Belachew Dahlawi, Saad M.A. Dai, Xiaochen Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi das Neves, José Degenhardt, Louisa Demeke, Feleke Mekonnen Desta, Abebaw Alemayehu Deuba, Keshab Dhamnetiya, Deepak Dhungana, Govinda Prasad Dianatinasab, Mostafa Diaz, Daniel Djalalinia, Shirin Doan, Linh Phuong Dorostkar, Fariba Edinur, Hisham Atan Effiong, Andem Eftekharzadeh, Sahar El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa Elayedath, Rajesh Elhadi, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Global Health University of Washington Seattle WA United States School of Social Work University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeones Columbia University Medical Center New York NY United States Division of Data Analytics and Delivery for Impact WHO Geneva Switzerland Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Multiple Sclerosis Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Paediatric Chronic Kidney Disease Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Psychiatry Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Metabolomics and Genomics Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Research Centre for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Non-Communicable Diseases Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Botany Sree Narayana Guru College Chelannur Kozhikode India Clinical Sciences Department University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Mass Communication Department University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Health-Care Policy and Research Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar Doha Qatar Department of Population Medicine Ca

Background: The sustainable development goals (SDGs) aim to end HIV/aids as a public health threat by 2030. Understanding the current state of the HIV epidemic and its change over time is essential to this effort. This study assesses the current sex-specific HIV burden in 204 countries and territories and measures progress in the control of the epidemic. Methods: To estimate age-specific and sex-specific trends in 48 of 204 countries, we extended the Estimation and Projection Package Age-Sex Model to also implement the spectrum paediatric model. We used this model in cases where age and sex specific HIV-seroprevalence surveys and antenatal care-clinic sentinel surveillance data were available. For the remaining 156 of 204 locations, we developed a cohort-incidence bias adjustment to derive incidence as a function of cause-of-death data from vital registration systems. The incidence was input to a custom Spectrum model. To assess progress, we measured the percentage change in incident cases and deaths between 2010 and 2019 (threshold >75% decline), the ratio of incident cases to number of people living with HIV (incidence-to-prevalence ratio threshold <0·03), and the ratio of incident cases to deaths (incidence-to-mortality ratio threshold <1·0). Findings: In 2019, there were 36·8 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 35·1–38·9) people living with HIV worldwide. There were 0·84 males (95% UI 0·78–0·91) per female living with HIV in 2019, 0·99 male infections (0·91–1·10) for every female infection, and 1·02 male deaths (0·95–1·10) per female death. Global progress in incident cases and deaths between 2010 and 2019 was driven by sub-Saharan Africa (with a 28·52% decrease in incident cases, 95% UI 19·58–35·43, and a 39·66% decrease in deaths, 36·49–42·36). Elsewhere, the incidence remained stable or increased, whereas deaths generally decreased. In 2019, the global incidence-to-prevalence ratio was 0·05 (95% UI 0·05–0·06) and the global incidence-to-mortality ratio was

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Correction to: Identifying high risk subgroups of MSM: a latent class analysis using two samples

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BMC infectious diseases 2019年第1期19卷 284页

作者： M Kumi Smith Gabriella Stein Weibin Cheng William C Miller Joseph D Tucker Division of Epidemiology & Community Health School of Public Health University of Minnesota Twin Cities 1300 South 2nd Street Minneapolis MN 55454 USA. smi00831@umn.edu. Department of Biostatistics University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 135 Dauer Drive 3101 McGavran-Greenberg Hall CB #7420 Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA. Department of AIDS/STD Control and Prevention Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention 1 Jiaochang E Rd. Guangzhou Shi 510000 Guangdong Sheng China. Division of Epidemiology The Ohio State University College of Public Health 1841 Neal Ave. 302 Cunz Hall Columbus OH 43210 USA. Division of Infectious Diseases University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 130 Mason Farm Road 2nd Floor Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA.

Following publication of the original article [1], the author reported his family name has been marked as the first name. His given name is M. Kumi and his family name is Smith.

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Prevalence and risk factors of HIV and syphilis,and knowledge and risk behaviors related to HIV/aids among men who have sex with men in Chongqing,China

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2016年第2期30卷 101-111页

作者： Wenzhe Ma Guohui Wu Hui Zheng Wenjuan Zhang Zhihang Peng Rongbin Yu NingWang Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public Health Nanjing Medical University Nanjing Jiangsu 211166 China Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention Chongqing China National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing China

High HIV prevalence and incidence burdens have been reported in men who have sex with men（MSM）in Chongqing,*** aimed to estimate the prevalence of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections（STIs）,to appraise the knowledge and risk behaviors related to HIV/aids among MSM,and to analyze the possible causes of deviation between behavior and knowledge to make better *** recruited 617 MSM from February to July in 2008 by using a respondent-driven sampling（RDS） method in Chongqing,*** the collection of questionnaire-based data and biological testing results from all objects,we launched a crosssectional ***/SE was used for data analysis by frequency,ANOVA,rank sum test and logistic regression *** with syphilis（OR=4.16,95%CI：2.35-7.33,P〈0.0001） were more likely to be HIV *** a company employee（OR=3.64,95%CI：1.22-10.08,P〈0.0001） and having bought male for sex（OR=3.52,95%CI：1.10-11.32,P〈0.034） were associated with a higher probability of *** with younger age,higher education and greater monthly income had a higher mean knowledge *** who had HIV testing had a higher mean knowledge score than those who never ***,venues for finding sex partners by Internet and homosexuals in MSM had a higher mean knowledge score compared to other occupations,venues for finding sex partners and sexual *** is an urgent need for delivery of barrier and biomedical interventions with coordinated behavioral and structural strategies to improve the effect of HIV interventions among MSM.

关键词： HIV/aids men who have sex with men Chongqing China

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Subnational mapping of HIV incidence and mortality among individuals aged 15–49 years in sub-Saharan Africa, 2000–18: a modelling study

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The Lancet HIV 2021年第6期8卷 e363-e375页

作者： Sartorius, Benn VanderHeide, John D. Yang, Mingyou Goosmann, Erik A. Hon, Julia Haeuser, Emily Cork, Michael A. Perkins, Samantha Jahagirdar, Deepa Schaeffer, Lauren E. Serfes, Audrey L. LeGrand, Kate E. Abbastabar, Hedayat Abebo, Zeleke Hailemariam Abosetugn, Akine Eshete Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Accrombessi, Manfred Mario Kokou Adebayo, Oladimeji M. Adegbosin, Adeyinka Emmanuel Adekanmbi, Victor Adetokunboh, Olatunji O. Adeyinka, Daniel Adedayo Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmadi, Keivan Ahmed, Muktar Beshir Akalu, Yonas Akinyemi, Oluwaseun Oladapo Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola Aklilu, Addis Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet Alahdab, Fares Al-Aly, Ziyad Alam, Noore Alamneh, Alehegn Aderaw Alanzi, Turki M. Alemu, Biresaw Wassihun Alhassan, Robert Kaba Ali, Tilahun Alipour, Vahid Amini, Saeed Ancuceanu, Robert Ansari, Fereshteh Anteneh, Zelalem Alamrew Anvari, Davood Anwer, Razique Appiah, Seth Christopher Yaw Arabloo, Jalal Asemahagn, Mulusew A. Asghari Jafarabadi, Mohammad Asmare, Wondwossen Niguse Atnafu, Desta Debalkie Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi Atreya, Alok Ausloos, Marcel Awedew, Atalel Fentahun Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayanore, Martin Amogre Aynalem, Yared Asmare Ayza, Muluken Altaye Azari, Samad Azene, Zelalem Nigussie Babar, Zaheer-Ud-Din Baig, Atif Amin Balakrishnan, Senthilkumar Banach, Maciej Bärnighausen, Till Winfried Basu, Sanjay Bayati, Mohsen Bedi, Neeraj Bekuma, Tariku Tesfaye Bezabhe, Woldesellassie M. Mequanint Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bhutta, Zulfiqar A. Bibi, Sadia Bikbov, Boris Birhan, Tsegaye Adane Bitew, Zebenay Workneh Bockarie, Moses John Boloor, Archith Brady, Oliver J. Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi Briko, Andrey Nikolaevich Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich Burugina Nagaraja, Sharath Butt, Zahid A. Cárdenas, Rosario Carvalho, Felix Charan, Jaykaran Chatterjee, Souranshu Chattu, Soosanna Kumary Chattu, Vijay Kumar Chowdhury, Mohiuddin Ahsanul Kabir Chu, Dinh-Toi Cook, Aubrey J. Cormier, Natalie Maria Cowden, Richard G. Culquichicon, Carlos Dagnew, Baye Dahlawi, Saad M.A. D Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health Nuffield Department of Medicine University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Malaria Atlas Project University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom The George Institute for Global Health University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Global Health University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Insights Program Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Seattle WA United States Global Programs Medical Teams International Seattle WA United States Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston MA United States Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Multiple Sclerosis Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Environmental Health Engineering Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Public Health Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia College of Medicine and Health Science Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Nursing Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Biomedical Sciences Arba Minch University Arba Minch Ethiopia Department of Public Health Debre Berhan University Debre Brehan

Background: High-resolution estimates of HIV burden across space and time provide an important tool for tracking and monitoring the progress of prevention and control efforts and assist with improving the precision and efficiency of targeting efforts. We aimed to assess HIV incidence and HIV mortality for all second-level administrative units across sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: In this modelling study, we developed a framework that used the geographically specific HIV prevalence data collected in seroprevalence surveys and antenatal care clinics to train a model that estimates HIV incidence and mortality among individuals aged 15–49 years. We used a model-based geostatistical framework to estimate HIV prevalence at the second administrative level in 44 countries in sub-Saharan Africa for 2000–18 and sought data on the number of individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART) by second-level administrative unit. We then modified the Estimation and Projection Package (EPP) to use these HIV prevalence and treatment estimates to estimate HIV incidence and mortality by second-level administrative unit. Findings: The estimates suggest substantial variation in HIV incidence and mortality rates both between and within countries in sub-Saharan Africa, with 15 countries having a ten-times or greater difference in estimated HIV incidence between the second-level administrative units with the lowest and highest estimated incidence levels. Across all 44 countries in 2018, HIV incidence ranged from 2·8 (95% uncertainty interval 2·1–3·8) in Mauritania to 1585·9 (1369·4–1824·8) cases per 100 000 people in Lesotho and HIV mortality ranged from 0·8 (0·7–0·9) in Mauritania to 676·5 (513·6–888·0) deaths per 100 000 people in Lesotho. Variation in both incidence and mortality was substantially greater at the subnational level than at the national level and the highest estimated rates were accordingly higher. Among second-level administrative units, Guijá District, Gaza Province, Mozambique,

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Author Correction: Integrating standardized whole genome sequence analysis with a global Mycobacterium tuberculosis antibiotic resistance knowledgebase

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Scientific reports 2020年第1期10卷 3531页

作者： Matthew Ezewudo Amanda Borens Álvaro Chiner-Oms Paolo Miotto Leonid Chindelevitch Angela M Starks Debra Hanna Richard Liwski Matteo Zignol Christopher Gilpin Stefan Niemann Thomas Andreas Kohl Robin M Warren Derrick Crook Sebastien Gagneux Sven Hoffner Camilla Rodrigues Iñaki Comas David M Engelthaler David Alland Leen Rigouts Christoph Lange Keertan Dheda Rumina Hasan Ruth McNerney Daniela M Cirillo Marco Schito Timothy C Rodwell James Posey Critical Path Institute 1730 E River Rd. Tucson AZ 85718 USA. Joint unit Infection and Public Health FISABIO-CSISP/University of Valencia Institute of integrative Systems Biology Valencia Spain. Emerging Bacterial Pathogens Unit IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute via Olgettina 58 20132 Milano Italy. School of Computing Science Simon Fraser University 8888 University Ave Burnaby BC V5A 1S6 Canada. Division of Tuberculosis Elimination National Center for HIV/AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD and TB Prevention Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 1600 Clifton Road MS F08 Atlanta GA 30329 USA. Global Tuberculosis Program World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland. German Center for Infection Research Partner Site Borstel Borstel Germany. Molecular and Experimental Mycobacteriology Priority area Infections Research Center Borstel Borstel Germany. DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research/SAMRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch South Africa. Nuffield Department of Medicine John Radcliffe Hospital University of Oxford Oxford OX3 9DU United Kingdom. Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute Basel Switzerland. Department of Public Health Sciences Karolinska institute Stockholm Sweden. Hinduja Hospital Veer Savarkar Marg Mahim Mumbai India. Tuberculosis Genomics Unit Biomedicine Institute of Valencia (IBV-CSIC) Street Jaime Roig 11. P.O. 4010 Valencia Spain. Translational Genomics Research Institute 3051 W. Shamrell Blvd. Ste 106 Flagstaff AZ 86005 USA. Center for Emerging Pathogens Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School 185 South Orange Avenue Newark NJ 07103 USA. Department of Biomedical Sciences Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp Belgium. Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases and German Center for Infection Research Tuberculosis Unit Research Center Borstel Borstel Germany. Lung Infection

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

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Behavioral Risk Profile of Men Who Have Sex with Men in Beijing, China： Results from a Cross-sectional Survey with Randomized Response Techniques

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Chinese Medical Journal 2016年第5期129卷 523-529页

作者： Guo-Zhu Geng Ge Gao Yu-Hua Ruan Ming-Run Yu Yun-Hua Zhou Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics School of Public Health Medical College of Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Collaborativelnnovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Beijing 102206 China Department of STD/AIDS and Dermatology Taizhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention Taizhou Jiangsu 225300 China

Background：Human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） is spreading rapidly among men who have sex with men （MSM） in *** questionnaires or direct interviews have been frequently used to study their *** aim of the study was to describe the behavioral risk profile of the MSM in Beijing using the randomized response techniques （RRTs）.Methods：A cross-sectional survey of sexual behavior among a sample of MSM was conducted in two HIV counseling and testing clinics in *** survey was carried out with an anonymous questionnaire containing sensitive questions on sexual *** obtain the honest responses to the sensitive questions,three distinctive RRTs were used in the questionnaire：（1） Additive randomized response model for quantitative questions,（2） randomized response model for multiple choice questions,and （3） Simmons randomized response model for binomial *** for the point estimate,variance,and confidence interval （CI） were provided for each specific ***：Using RRTs in a sample of 659 participants,the mean age at first homosexual encounter was estimated to be 21.7 years （95% CI：21.2-22.2）,and each had sex with about three （2.9,95% CI：2.4-3.4） male partners on average in the past *** estimated rate for consistent condom use was 56.4% （95% CI：50.1-62.8%）.In addition,condom was estimated to be used among 80.0% （95% CI：74.1-85.9%） of the population during last anal sex with a male ***：Our study employed RRTs in a survey containing questions on sexual behavior among MSM,and the results showed that RRT might be a useful tool to obtain truthful feedback on sensitive information such as sexual behavior from the respondents,especially in traditional Chinese cultural settings.

关键词： Condom Use, Cross-sectional Survey： Men Who Have Sex with Men Randomized Response Technique, Sexual Behavior

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SyphilisAssociated Content

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Nature Reviews Disease Primers 2017年第1期3卷 1-21页

作者： Rosanna W. Peeling David Mabey Mary L. Kamb Xiang-Sheng Chen Justin D. Radolf Adele S. Benzaken London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London UK Division of STD Prevention National Center for HIV/AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD and TB Prevention Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta USA National Center for STD Control Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Institute of Dermatology Nanjing China Department of Medicine UConn Health Farmington USA Department of Surveillance Prevention and Control of STI HIV/AIDS and Viral Hepatitis Ministry of Health Brasília Brazil

Treponema pallidumsubspeciespallidum(T. pallidum) causes syphilis via sexual exposure or via vertical transmission during pregnancy.T. pallidumis renowned for its invasiveness and immune-evasiveness; its clinical manifestations result from local inflammatory responses to replicating spirochaetes and often imitate those of other diseases. The spirochaete has a long latent period during which individuals have no signs or symptoms but can remain infectious. Despite the availability of simple diagnostic tests and the effectiveness of treatment with a single dose of long-acting penicillin, syphilis is re-emerging as a global public health problem, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM) in high-income and middle-income countries. Syphilis also causes several hundred thousand stillbirths and neonatal deaths every year in developing nations. Although several low-income countries have achieved WHO targets for the elimination of congenital syphilis, an alarming increase in the prevalence of syphilis in HIV-infected MSM serves as a strong reminder of the tenacity ofT. pallidumas a pathogen. Strong advocacy and community involvement are needed to ensure that syphilis is given a high priority on the global health agenda. More investment is needed in research on the interaction between HIV and syphilis in MSM as well as into improved diagnostics, a better test of cure, intensified public health measures and, ultimately, a vaccine.

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Lessons learned from respondent-driven sampling recruitment in Nairobi: Experiences from the field

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BMC Research Notes 2016年第1期9卷 1-13页

作者： Okal, Jerry Raymond, Henry F. Tun, Waimar Musyoki, Helgar Dadabhai, Sufia Broz, Dita Nyamu, Joan Kuria, David Muraguri, Nicholas Geibel, Scott Population Council Nairobi Kenya San Francisco Department of Public Health San Francisco CA United States Population Council Washington DC United States National AIDS and STD Control Programme Nairobi Kenya University of California San Francisco Nairobi United States Division of Global HIV/AIDS Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA United States Jhpiego-Kenya Nairobi Kenya Palladium Group Nairobi Kenya Ministry of Health Nairobi Kenya

Background: Respondent-driven sampling (RDS) is used in a variety of settings to study hard-to-reach populations at risk for HIV and sexually transmitted infections. However, practices leading to successful recruitment among diverse populations in low-resource settings are seldom reported. We implemented the first, integrated, bio-behavioural surveillance survey among men who have sex with men, female sex workers and people who injected drugs in Nairobi, Kenya. Methods: The survey period was June 2010 to March 2011, with a target sample size of 600 participants per key populations. Formative research was initially conducted to assess feasibility of the survey. Weekly monitoring reports of respondent characteristics and recruitment chain graphs from NetDraw illustrated patterns and helped to fill recruitment gaps. Results: RDS worked well with men who have sex with men and female sex workers with recruitment initiating at a desirable pace that was maintained throughout the survey. Networks of people who injected drugs were well-integrated, but recruitment was slower than the men who have sex with men and female sex workers surveys. Conclusion: By closely monitoring RDS implementation and conducting formative research, RDS studies can effectively develop and adapt strategies to improve recruitment and improve adherence to the underlying RDS theory and assumptions. © 2016 Okal et al.

关键词： Female sex workers (FSW) Field experiences Men who have sex with men (MSM) People who injected drugs (PWID) Respondent-driven sampling (RDS)

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Estimating the population sizes of men who have sex with men in US States and counties using data from the American community survey

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JMIR Public Health and Surveillance 2016年第1期2卷 e14页

作者： Grey, Jeremy A. Bernstein, Kyle T. Sullivan, Patrick S. Purcell, David W. Chesson, Harrell W. Gift, Thomas L. Rosenberg, Eli S. Department of Epidemiology Rollins School of Public Health Emory University Atlanta GA United States Division of STD Prevention National Center for HIV/AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD and TB Prevention Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA United States Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention National Center for HIV Viral Hepatitis STD and TB Prevention Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA United States

Background: In the United States, male-to-male sexual transmission accounts for the greatest number of new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnoses and a substantial number of sexually transmitted infections (STI) annually. However, the prevalence and annual incidence of HIV and other STIs among men who have sex with men (MSM) cannot be estimated in local contexts because demographic data on sexual behavior, particularly same-sex behavior, are not routinely collected by large-scale surveys that allow analysis at state, county, or finer levels, such as the US decennial census or the American Community Survey (ACS). Therefore, techniques for indirectly estimating population sizes of MSM are necessary to supply denominators for rates at various geographic levels. Objective: Our objectives were to indirectly estimate MSM population sizes at the county level to incorporate recent data estimates and to aggregate county-level estimates to states and core-based statistical areas (CBSAs). Methods: We used data from the ACS to calculate a weight for each county in the United States based on its relative proportion of households that were headed by a male who lived with a male partner, compared with the overall proportion among counties at the same level of urbanicity (ie, large central metropolitan county, large fringe metropolitan county, medium/small metropolitan county, or nonmetropolitan county). We then used this weight to adjust the urbanicity-stratified percentage of adult men who had sex with a man in the past year, according to estimates derived from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), for each county. We multiplied the weighted percentages by the number of adult men in each county to estimate its number of MSM, summing county-level estimates to create state- and CBSA-level estimates. Finally, we scaled our estimated MSM population sizes to a meta-analytic estimate of the percentage of US MSM in the past 5 years (3.9%). Results: We foun

关键词： Demography Men who have sex with men Population Sexual behavior

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