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10th International Conference on Computer Engineering and Networks, CENet 2020

作者： Li, Ming Liu, Bo Xing, Guangsheng Wang, Xiaodong Wang, Zhihui College of Intelligence Science and Technology National University of Defence Technology Changsha410073 China National Key Laboratory of Parallel and Distributed Processing College of Computer Science and Technology National University of Defence Technology Changsha410073 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789811584619

With the rapid development of Internet technology, various network attack methods come out one after the other. SQL injection has become one of the most severe threats to Web applications and seriously threatens various Web application services and users data security. There are both traditional detection methods and emerging methods based on deep learning technology with higher detection accuracy for the detection of SQL injection. However, they are all for detecting a single statement and cannot determine the stage of the attack. To further improve the effect of SQL injection detection, this paper proposes an integrated detection framework for SQL injection behavior based on both text features and traffic features. We propose a SQL-LSTM model based on deep learning technology as the detection model at the text features level. Meanwhile, the features of the data traffic are merged. By this integrated method, the detection effect of SQL injection is further improved. © 2021, The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Long short-term memory

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Exploring Policy Diversity in parallel Actor-Critic Learning

Exploring Policy Diversity in Parallel Actor-Critic Learning

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International Conference on Tools for Artificial Intelligence (ICTAI)

作者： Yanqiang Zhang Yuanzhao Zhai Gongqian Zhou Bo Ding Dawei Feng Songwang Liu National Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing National University of Defense Technology Changsha China Academy of Military Science Beijing China

Exploration is a critical challenge for deep reinforcement learning methods. Although existing works such as actor-critic algorithms have made much progress, most still suffer from the sample inefficiency problem in complex environments where rewards are sparse. parallel sampling, which uses multiple actors with the same policy interacting with the environment, is an effective approach to improve sample efficiency. However, parallel parameter-sharing actors collect similar samples, which generally hinders the improvement of the overall exploration process. In this paper, we propose a Policy Diversity enhanced approach for parallel Actor-Critic (PDAC). Specifically, we extend the parallel actor-critic architecture to the PDAC framework composed of a shared critic and parallel distinct actors. Then we introduce the KL-divergence of the action probability distribution between parallel actors as the intrinsic reward to encourage actors to explore diverse strategies. We evaluate our approach in multiple challenging procedurally-generated tasks and compare it with state-of-the-art algorithms. Experiments show that PDAC makes significant progress in the comparison, in terms of cumulative rewards and sample efficiency.

关键词： Deep learning Reinforcement learning Learning (artificial intelligence) Probability distribution Task analysis

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GNNRL-Smoothing: A Prior-Free Reinforcement Learning Model for Mesh Smoothing

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wang, Zhichao C. Chen, Xinhai C. Gong, Chunye Y. Yang, Bo Deng, Liang Sun, Yufei F. Pang, Yufei F. Liu, Jie National University of Defense Technology Science and Technology on Parallel and Distributed Processing Laboratory China National University of Defense Technology Laboratory of Digitizing Software for Frontier Equipment China China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center China Nankai University College of Software China

Mesh smoothing methods can enhance mesh quality by eliminating distorted elements, leading to improved convergence in simulations. To balance the efficiency and robustness of traditional mesh smoothing process, previous approaches have employed supervised learning and reinforcement learning to train intelligent smoothing models. However, these methods heavily rely on labeled dataset or prior knowledge to guide the models’ learning. Furthermore, their limited capacity to enhance mesh connectivity often restricts the effectiveness of smoothing. In this paper, we first systematically analyze the learning mechanisms of recent intelligent smoothing methods and propose a prior-free reinforcement learning model for intelligent mesh smoothing. Our proposed model integrates graph neural networks with reinforcement learning to implement an intelligent node smoothing agent and introduces, for the first time, a mesh connectivity improvement agent. We formalize mesh optimization as a Markov Decision Process and successfully train both agents using Twin Delayed Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient and Double Dueling Deep Q-Network in the absence of any prior data or knowledge. We verified the proposed model on both 2D and 3D meshes. Experimental results demonstrate that our model achieves feature-preserving smoothing on complex 3D surface meshes. It also achieves state-of-the-art results among intelligent smoothing methods on 2D meshes and is 7.16 times faster than traditional optimization-based smoothing methods. Moreover, the connectivity improvement agent can effectively enhance the quality distribution of the mesh. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning

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FedNAT: Byzantine-robust Federated Learning through Activation-based Attention Transfer

FedNAT: Byzantine-robust Federated Learning through Activati...

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IEEE International Conference on Data Mining Workshops (ICDM Workshops)

作者： Mengxin Wang Liming Fang Kuiqi Chen College of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing China Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen China Science and Technology on Parallel and Distributed Processing Laboratory (PDL) Changsha China

Federated learning (FL) is a decentralized machine learning framework that prioritizes privacy by allowing clients to train statistical models without sharing their private data, thus eliminating the impact of data fortresses. However, the presence of Byzantine attacks, such as data poisoning and backdoor attack, threatens the robustness of FL schemes. Currently, existing mainstream defense methods are susceptible to multiple adaptive attacks, some of which even violate the privacy principle of FL. Furthermore, these defense schemes become less robust when subjected to targeted poisoning attacks with highly non-IID data distributions. In this work, we propose FedNAT, a novel Byzantine-robust FL framework for whittling away these limitations mentioned above. Specifically, FedNAT first performs a privacy-respecting attention refinement on the activation layer outputs of the local uploads. Then, the server scores the local attentions by calculating their Wasserstein distances and clusters them through the k-median algorithm for global attention aggregation, thus rejecting poisoned local attentions for untargeted attacks. After this process, the global attention is transferred to local attention through the FedNAT loss function, which erases backdoors through the distillation concept. We conduct a comprehensive experimental evaluation to demonstrate that FedNAT significantly outperforms existing robust FL schemes in defending against Byzantine poisoning attacks under both IID and highly non-IID data proportions.

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Research on accelerating CEE-DGCNN event extraction algorithm based on multi-CPU platform 2

Research on accelerating CEE-DGCNN event extraction algorith...

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2020 2nd International Conference on Electronics and Communication, Network and Computer technology, ECNCT 2020

作者： Li, Yan Jiang, Jinfei Xu, Jinwei Gao, Zikai Dou, Yong Zhou, Haifang Science and Technology on Parallel and Distributed Laboratory National University of Defense Technology Changsha410005 China Department of Computational Science National University of Defense Technology Changsha410005 China

With the development of the Internet, the volume of information is expanding rapidly, and the complex information makes it particularly important to extract information quickly and intelligently. Event extraction algorithm is such a kind of fast and accurate information acquisition algorithm. With the development of deep learning in recent years, deep learning also shines in the field of time extraction. CEE-DGCNN network is an efficient and accurate event extraction algorithm for Chinese text. At present, the acceleration research on deep learning in the academic community mainly focuses on GPU, FPGA and other platforms. In fact, compared with these platforms, CPU is more versatile. Considering that the algorithm should have universality and universality in industrial application, this paper makes an in-depth analysis of CEE-DGCNN algorithm to study its acceleration on CPU. Experiments were carried out on x86 and ARM architectures respectively, and good acceleration effects were achieved. © 2020 Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Extraction

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Proposing an intelligent mesh smoothing method with graph neural networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Wang, Zhichao Chen, Xinhai Yan, Junjun Liu, Jie Science and Technology on Parallel and Distributed Processing Laboratory National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China Laboratory of Digitizing Software for Frontier Equipment National University of Defense Technology National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China

In CFD, mesh smoothing methods are commonly utilized to refine the mesh quality to achieve high-precision numerical simulations. Specifically, optimization-based smoothing is used for high-quality mesh smoothing, but it incurs significant computational overhead. Pioneer works improve its smoothing efficiency by adopting supervised learning to learn smoothing methods from high-quality meshes. However, they pose difficulty in smoothing the mesh nodes with varying degrees and also need data augmentation to address the node input sequence problem. Additionally, the required labeled high-quality meshes further limit the applicability of the proposed method. In this paper, we present GMSNet, a lightweight neural network model for intelligent mesh smoothing. GMSNet adopts graph neural networks to extract features of the node's neighbors and output the optimal node position. During smoothing, we also introduce a fault-tolerance mechanism to prevent GMSNet from generating negative volume elements. With a lightweight model, GMSNet can effectively smoothing mesh nodes with varying degrees and remain unaffected by the order of input data. A novel loss function, MetricLoss, is also developed to eliminate the need for high-quality meshes, which provides a stable and rapid convergence during training. We compare GMSNet with commonly used mesh smoothing methods on two-dimensional triangle meshes. The experimental results show that GMSNet achieves outstanding mesh smoothing performances with 5% model parameters of the previous model, and attains 13.56 times faster than optimization-based smoothing. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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RuleRAG: Rule-Guided Retrieval-Augmented Generation with Language Models for Question Answering

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Chen, Zhongwu Xu, Chengjin Wang, Dingmin Huang, Zhen Dou, Yong Jiang, Xuhui Guo, Jian National Key Laboratory of Parallel and Distributed Computing College of Computer Science and Technology National University of Defense Technology China IDEA Research International Digital Economy Academy Department of Computer Science University of Oxford United Kingdom

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has shown promising potential in knowledge intensive question answering (QA). However, existing approaches only consider the query itself, neither specifying the retrieval preferences for the retrievers nor informing the generators of how to refer to the retrieved documents for the answers, which poses a significant challenge to the QA performance. To address these issues, we propose Rule-guided Retrieval-Augmented Generation with LMs, which explicitly introduces rules for in-context learning (RuleRAG-ICL) to guide retrievers to recall related documents in the directions of rules and uniformly guide generators to reason attributed by the same rules. The combination of queries and rules can be used as fine-tuning data to update retrievers and generators, achieving better rule-based instruction-following ability (RuleRAG-FT). Moreover, most existing RAG datasets were constructed without considering rules and Knowledge Graphs (KGs) are recognized as providing high-quality rules. Therefore, we construct five rule-aware RAG benchmarks for QA, RuleQA, based on KGs to stress the significance of retrieval and reasoning with rules. Experiments on RuleQA demonstrate RuleRAG-ICL improves the retrieval quality of +89.2% in Recall@10 and answer accuracy of +103.1% in Exact Match, and RuleRAG-FT yields more enhancement. In addition, experiments on four existing RAG datasets show RuleRAG is also effective by offering rules in RuleQA to them, further proving the generalization of rule guidance in RuleRAG. Code and RuleQA are at https://***/r/RuleRAG. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Question answering

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A Novel Interactive Recurrent Attention Network for Emotion-Cause Pair Extraction 3

A Novel Interactive Recurrent Attention Network for Emotion-...

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3rd International Conference on Algorithms, Computing and Artificial Intelligence, ACAI 2020

作者： Jia, Xiangyu Chen, Xinhai Wan, Qian Liu, Jie Science and Technology on Parallel and Distributed Processing Laboratory National University of Defense Technology Changsha China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450388115

Unlike Emotion Cause Extraction (ECE) task which consists of pre-annotate emotions and passage, emotion-cause pair extraction (ECPE) aims at extracting potential emotions and corresponding causes in the document without the need for pre-annotations. Traditional ECPE solutions divide the extracting emotions and causes operation into two separate parts. However, separating the bidirectional dependence between emotion and cause may lose a lot of potentially useful information. In this paper, we propose a novel interactive recurrent attention network (IRAN). Our approach focuses on the bidirectional impact between emotions and causes, and extracts emotions and causes simultaneously. The information in the document can be fully exploited through multiple modeling and information extraction. Our emotion-specific transformation and distance fusion correlation can adaptively focus on the emotions and the distance, gracefully incorporate them into a distinguishable neural network attention framework. The experimental results show that our proposed model achieves better performance than other widely-used models on the ECPE corpus. © 2020 ACM.

关键词： Sentiment analysis

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Two-Stage Convolutional Neural Network for Knee Osteoarthritis Diagnosis in X-Rays

Two-Stage Convolutional Neural Network for Knee Osteoarthrit...

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International Conference on Medical Imaging and Computer-Aided Diagnosis, MICAD 2021

作者： Wang, Kang Niu, Xin Dou, Yong Yang, Di Xie, Dongxing Yang, Tuo National Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing School of Computer National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China Department of Orthopaedics Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha410008 China Department of Health Management Center Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha410008 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789811638794

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a common musculoskeletal illness. To solve the problem that inaccurate knee joint localization and inadequate knee OA features extracted from plain radiographs affect the accuracy of knee OA diagnosis in X-rays, we propose a novel Two-Stage Convolutional Neural Network (TS-CNN) method, consisting of the KneeDetnet and the KLnet. The KneeDetnet with two small multi-task convolutional neural networks is proposed to locate knee joints, improving the accuracy of knee joint localization. Then KLnet is designed to assess knee OA, where a shared Siamese network via ResNet is used to extract more discriminative deep learning features that are fused with gender information for obtaining richer features. Our method is evaluated on public OAI and MOST datasets. The highest detection accuracy of knee joints can reach 99.93% and 99.02% on two datasets, respectively. The KLnet algorithm achieves 78.85% and 68.20% prediction accuracy on the OAI and MOST datasets, respectively. Experimental results show that our method outperforms the existing workhorse. The proposed approach may become a potentially useful tool for assisting physicians. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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High-performance Network Traffic Classification Based on Graph Neural Network

High-performance Network Traffic Classification Based on Gra...

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IEEE Information technology, Networking, Electronic and Automation Control Conference

作者： Bo Pang Yongquan Fu Siyuan Ren Yan Jia College of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen China National Key Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing College of Computer National University of Defense Technology Changesha China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shen Zhen China

Network traffic classification is crucial for network security and network management and is one of the most important network tasks. Current state-of-the-art traffic classifiers are based on deep learning models to automatically extract features from packet streams. Unfortunately, current approaches fail to effectively combine the structural information of traffic packets with the content features of the packets, resulting in limited classification accuracy. In this paper, we propose a graph neural network model for network traffic classification, which can well perceive the interaction feature of packets in traffic. Firstly, we design a graph structure for packets’ flows to hold the interaction information between packets, which embeds both packet contents and sequence relationships into a unified graph. Secondly, we propose a graph neural network framework for graph classification to automatically learn the structural features of the packets’ flows together with the packets’ features. Extensive evaluation results on real-world traffic data show that the proposed model improves the prediction accuracy of improves the prediction accuracy by 2% to 37% for malicious traffic classification.

关键词： Deep learning Automation Telecommunication traffic Predictive models Network security Feature extraction Graph neural networks

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