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International Symposium on Chinese Spoken Language processing

作者： Zonghui Wang Zhihua Fang Zhida Song Liang He School of Computer Science and Technology Xinjiang University Urumqi Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Signal Detection and Processing Urumqi School of Intelligence Science and Technology Xinjiang University Urumqi Department of Electronic Engineering Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing

ISBN: (数字)9798331516826

ISBN: (纸本)9798331516833

In recent years, deep neural network based methods for speaker verification have made remarkable progress in clean environments. However, background noise significantly reduces the accuracy and reliability of speaker verification systems by masking or changing the voice characteristics of the speaker. In this paper, we propose a cascaded framework optimized with multiobjective loss to mitigate the interference of different levels and types of noise on the speaker verification task. The proposed architecture consists of two components: a speech enhancement module based on improved 2D-UNet, which reduces the structural limitations of directly using classical UNet for noise reduction, and a back-end speaker embedding extraction module. We carry our experiments on the VoxCeleb1 and VOiCES datasets, as well as in the presence of out-of-domain noise conditions. The evaluations have demonstrated this method shows great potential for speaker verification in noisy environments.

关键词： Training Semantics Noise reduction Interference Speech enhancement Complexity theory Noise measurement Reliability Optimization signal to noise ratio

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Boundary-Guided Fusion of Multi-Level Features Network for Camouflaged Object Detection

Boundary-Guided Fusion of Multi-Level Features Network for C...

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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

作者： Songlin Li Zhe Li Boyuan Li Xiuhong Li Jiabao Sheng School of Computer Science and Technology Xinjiang University Urumqi China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Signal Detection and Processing Xinjiang University Urumqi China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Hong Kong Polytechnic University HongKong China

ISBN: (数字)9798350359312

ISBN: (纸本)9798350359329

Camouflaged objects, exhibiting high similarity with their surroundings, pose a substantial challenge for both humans and machines to detect when concealed within the environment. Existing methods for camouflage object detection (COD) struggle in accurately segmenting the overall structure of camouflaged objects. To address this issue, we propose a novel boundary-guided fusion of multi-level features network (BGFM-Net) for COD. In contrast to existing boundary-guided methods, we pay more attention to addressing the significant imbalance in the pixel quantities between boundary and background features, allowing for a more comprehensive representation of boundary features. BGFM-Net primarily consists of a multi-scale aggregation module (MSAM), a boundary-guided feature module (BFM), and a cross-Level fusion module (CLFM). MSAM effectively integrates contextual semantics at different scales, achieving a powerful and efficient feature representation. BFM adeptly combines edge features while constraining interference from background features, guiding the learning of camouflaged object boundary representation. CLFM integrates multi-level features for predicting camouflaged objects while adaptively adjusting channel weights to emphasize important channels and diminish the impact of less relevant channels for the task. Extensive experiments on three benchmark camouflage datasets demonstrate that our BGFM-Net outperforms other state-of-the-art COD models.

关键词： Adaptation models Semantics Neural networks Object detection Interference Benchmark testing Feature extraction

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Federated Client-tailored Adapter for Medical Image Segmentation

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Hu, Guyue Song, Siyuan Kang, Yukun Yin, Zhu Zhao, Gangming Li, Chenglong Tang, Jin Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Security Artificial Intelligence School of Artificial Intelligence Anhui University Hefei230601 China School of Internet Anhui University Hefei230601 China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Multimodal Cognitive Computation School of Computer Science and Technology Anhui University Hefei230601 China Department of Computer Science The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong

Medical image segmentation in X-ray images is beneficial for computer-aided diagnosis and lesion localization. Existing methods mainly fall into a centralized learning paradigm, which is inapplicable in the practical medical scenario that only has access to distributed data islands. Federated Learning has the potential to offer a distributed solution but struggles with heavy training instability due to client-wise domain heterogeneity (including distribution diversity and class imbalance). In this paper, we propose a novel Federated Client-tailored Adapter (FCA) framework for medical image segmentation, which achieves stable and client-tailored adaptive segmentation without sharing sensitive local data. Specifically, the federated adapter stirs universal knowledge in off-the-shelf medical foundation models to stabilize the federated training process. In addition, we develop two client-tailored federated updating strategies that adaptively decompose the adapter into common and individual components, then globally and independently update the parameter groups associated with common client-invariant and individual client-specific units, respectively. They further stabilize the heterogeneous federated learning process and realize optimal client-tailored instead of sub-optimal global-compromised segmentation models. Extensive experiments on three large-scale datasets demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed FCA framework for federated medical segmentation. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Federated learning

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Multi-View Speaker Embedding Learning for Enhanced Stability and Discriminability

Multi-View Speaker Embedding Learning for Enhanced Stability...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： Liang He Zhihua Fang Zuoer Chen Minqiang Xu Ying Meng Penghao Wang School of Computer Science and Technology Xinjiang University Urumqi China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Signal Detection and Processing Urumqi China Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China iFly Digital Technology Hefei China

Deep neural network models based on x-vector have become the most popular framework for speaker recognition, and the quality of speaker features (embeddings) is important for open-set tasks such as speaker verification and speaker diarization. Currently, the most popular loss function is based on margin penalty, however, it only considers enlarging the inter-class distance while neglecting to reduce the intra-class feature differences. Therefore, we propose a multi-view learning approach that divides the training process into two views from the speaker embedding level. The classification view focuses on distinguishing the discriminability of different speakers, while the clustering view focuses on shrinking the feature boundaries of the same speaker, making intra-class differences smaller. The combined effect of the two perspectives achieves large inter-class distance and small intra-class distances, resulting in the extraction of more discriminative and stable speaker embeddings. We test the performance of the method on both speaker verification and speaker diarization tasks, and the results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.

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Cooperative Clustering Techniques For Space Network Scalability

Cooperative Clustering Techniques For Space Network Scalabil...

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IEEE Cognitive Communications for Aerospace Applications Workshop (CCAAW)

作者： Yael Kirkpatrick Rachel Dudukovich Prash Choksi Dominick Ta Mathematics Department Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA Cognitive Signal Processing Branch NASA Glenn Research Center Cleveland OH Computer Science University of Houston-Clear Lake Houston TX Computer Science University of Washington Seattle WA

Routing in the space internet must face many unique challenges - from unplanned disconnections and interruptions to predictable intermittent connectivity due to high network mobility and long propagation delays. NASA’s current approach to such routing is Contact Graph Routing (CGR), using a graph formed of prescheduled communication contacts to compute routes through the network. While this approach manages to tackle issues of connectivity and propagation delays, it is a global approach that requires continuous knowledge of the entire network. In a potential future Solar Space Internet (SSI) such an approach on its own cannot scale to large networks with thousands of members. In this paper we propose clustering as a solution to CGR scalability. Clustering has been used in many networking problems as a way to subdivide the network and allow for localized routing and better scalability. Using techniques from graph theory and game theory, we explore various existing clustering algorithms and adapt them to the Contact Graph Routing setting. We propose a way to combine multiple algorithms to create a Delay Tolerant Clustering Protocol (DTCP). In addition, we explore the underlying networking mechanisms such as multicast, neighbor discovery, and software defined networking that may be used to enable DTCP.

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SMMA-Net: An Audio Clue-Based Target Speaker Extraction Network with Spectrogram Matching and Mutual Attention

SMMA-Net: An Audio Clue-Based Target Speaker Extraction Netw...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： Ying Hu Haitao Xu Zhongcun Guo Hao Huang Liang He Key Laboratory of Signal Detection and Processing Xinjiang Urumqi China School of Computer Science and Technology Xinjiang University Urumqi China HiSilicon Technologies Co. Limited Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China

We propose a deep neural network with spectrogram matching and mutual attention (SMMA-Net) for audio clue-based target speaker extraction (TSE). To effectively use the auxiliary speech, we proposed spectrogram matching (SM) strategy and mutual attention (MA) block. We conducted all experiments on the WSJ0-2mix-extr dataset. The ablation and comparison studies verified the effectiveness of SM strategy and MA block. The experimental results show that our proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods by a sizable margin of 1.3 dB on the metric of scale-invariant signal-to-distortion ratio improvement. Additionally, SMMA-Net achieved that the performance of model for TSE task exceeds that for speaker separation task under the similar architecture. The main code will be available at https://***/Ht-Xu/SMMA-Net.

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Evaluation of LoRaWAN for Remote Health Monitoring: A Preliminary Study

Evaluation of LoRaWAN for Remote Health Monitoring: A Prelim...

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IEEE Conference on Standards for Communications and Networking (CSCN)

作者： Konstantinos Katzis Nina Evetovic Brian Cloteaux Kamran Sayrafian Dragana Bajić Department of Computer Science and Engineering European University Cyprus Nicosia Cyprus Department of Communications & Signal Processing University of Novi Sad Novi Sad Serbia Currently with the Institute of Measurement science Slovak Academy of Sciences Information Technology Laboratory National Institute of Standards & Technology Maryland USA

ISBN: (数字)9798331507428

ISBN: (纸本)9798331507435

Lack of sufficient patient monitoring data patterns and scenarios are among the challenges for accurate traffic modeling and network performance optimization when considering IoT medical devices. This paper examines how health data-traffic models can be used to investigate the capability and proper configuration of Long-Range Wide Area Networks (LoRaWAN) for remotely monitoring patients in a hospital environment or at home. For the hospital environment, it is assumed that there are two types of patients at any given time i.e., patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) or surgical wards and those located in the general medical wards. The transmission times of the health data from patients in the ICU/Surgical wards and those in general wards are randomly distributed within one and four-hour periods, respectively. For personal health monitoring devices that people use at their homes, a two-state Markov chain is used to model the generated traffic pattern. Preliminary results indicate that LoRaWAN may be used to support a significant number of nodes with sufficient reliability in both scenarios.

关键词： Wide area networks Patient monitoring Medical devices Hospitals LoRaWAN Surgery Traffic control Reliability Standards Optimization

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Zero-Shot Audio Captioning Using Soft and Hard Prompts

IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech and Language Processing

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IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech and Language processing 2025年 33卷 2045-2058页

作者： Yiming Zhang Xuenan Xu Ruoyi Du Haohe Liu Yuan Dong Zheng-Hua Tan Wenwu Wang Zhanyu Ma Pattern Recognition and Intelligent System Laboratory School of Artificial Intelligence Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Centre for Vision Speech and Signal Processing University of Surrey Guildford U.K. Department of Electronic Systems Aalborg University Aalborg Denmark

In traditional audio captioning methods, a model is usually trained in a fully supervised manner using a human-annotated dataset containing audio-text pairs and then evaluated on the test set from the same dataset. Such methods have two limitations. First, these methods are often data-hungry and require time-consuming and expensive human annotations to obtain audio-text pairs. Second, these models often suffer from performance degradation in cross-domain scenarios, i.e., when the input audio comes from a different domain than the training set, and this issue has received little attention. To address these issues, we propose a new zero-shot method for audio captioning. Our method is built on the contrastive language-audio pre-training (CLAP) model. During training, the model reconstructs the ground-truth caption using the CLAP text encoder. In the inference stage, the model generates text descriptions from the CLAP audio embeddings of given audio inputs. To enhance the ability of the model in transitioning from text-to-text generation to audio-to-text generation, we propose to use the mixed-augmentations-based soft prompt to learn more robust latent representations, leveraging instance replacement and embedding augmentation. Additionally, we introduce the retrieval-based acoustic-aware hard prompt to improve the cross-domain performance of the model by employing the domain-agnostic label information of sound events. Extensive experiments on AudioCaps and Clotho benchmarks show the effectiveness of our proposed method, which outperforms other zero-shot audio captioning approaches for in-domain scenarios and outperforms the compared methods for cross-domain scenarios, underscoring the generalization ability of our method.

关键词： Training Decoding Semantics Data models Acoustics Electronic mail Benchmark testing Transformers Robustness Perturbation methods

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Secure and Efficient Data Storage and Sharing Scheme Based on Double Blockchain

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computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第1期66卷 499-515页

作者： Lejun Zhang Minghui Peng Weizheng Wang Yansen Su Shuna Cui Seokhoon Kim College of Information Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou225127China School Math&Computer Science Quanzhou Normal UniversityQuanzhou362000China Division of Computer Science University of AizuAizu–Wakamatsu9658580Japan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education School of Computer Science and TechnologyAnhui UniversityHefei230601China Medical College of Yangzhou University Yangzhou225001China Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina Department of Computer Software Engineering Soonchunhyang UniversityAsanKorea

In the digital era,electronic medical record(EMR)has been a major way for hospitals to store patients’medical *** traditional centralized medical system and semi-trusted cloud storage are difficult to achieve dynamic balance between privacy protection and data *** storage capacity of blockchain is limited and single blockchain schemes have poor scalability and low *** address these issues,we propose a secure and efficient medical data storage and sharing scheme based on double *** our scheme,we encrypt the original EMR and store it in the *** storage blockchain stores the index of the complete EMR,and the shared blockchain stores the index of the shared part of the *** with different attributes can make requests to different blockchains to share different parts according to their own *** experiments,it was found that cloud storage combined with blockchain not only solved the problem of limited storage capacity of blockchain,but also greatly reduced the risk of leakage of the original *** Extraction Signature(CES)combined with the double blockchain technology realized the separation of the privacy part and the shared part of the original *** symmetric encryption technology combined with Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption(CP–ABE)not only ensures the safe storage of data in the cloud,but also achieves the consistency and convenience of data update,avoiding redundant backup of *** analysis and performance analysis verified the feasibility and effectiveness of our scheme.

关键词： Cloud storage blockchain electronic medical records access control data sharing privacy

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Deep Uncertainty-aware Tracking for Maneuvering Targets

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhang, Shuyang Gao, Chang Zhang, Qingfu Jia, Tianyi Liu, Hongwei The National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing Xidian University Xi’an710071 China The Department of Computer Science City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong The City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen518057 China

When tracking maneuvering targets, model-driven approaches encounter difficulties in comprehensively delineating complex real-world scenarios and are prone to model mismatch when the targets maneuver. Meanwhile, contemporary data-driven methods have overlooked measurements’ confidence, markedly escalating the challenge of fitting a mapping from measurement sequences to target state sequences. To address these issues, this paper presents a deep maneuvering target tracking methodology based on target state space projection. The proposed methodology initially establishes a projection from the target measurement sequence to the target state space by formulating the probability density function of measurement error and samples the distribution information of measurement noise within the target state space as a measurement representation. Under this representation, the sequential regression task of target state estimation can be transmuted into a task of detecting the target location in the state space. Subsequently, a deep detection network is devised to accomplish target location detection in the target state space. Finally, a loss function is designed to facilitate the network’s training for attaining the desired network performance. Simulation experiments suggest that the proposed method can maintain satisfactory tracking performance even when the target maneuvers, and can rapidly converge and achieve higher estimation accuracy compared with existing methods after the target maneuvers. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Probability density function

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