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Impact of nano fillers on the mechanical and rheological behaviour of polydimethylsiloxane based nanocomposite elastomer

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Ceramics International 2025年第14期51卷 18852-18864页

作者： Mandal, Swaroop Kumar Kumar, Rahul Pradhan, Asisha Ranjan Kumar, Deepak Kumar, Satish Department of Automation and Robotics Dr. DY Patil Institute of Technology Pimpri Pune411018 India Advanced Composite and Smart Material Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology Jamshedpur 831014 India Department of Mechanical Engineering Parala Maharaja Engineering College Odisha 761003 India Rheology Lab Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology Jamshedpur 831014 India

In this work, an advanced elastomer which is reinforced with nanocomposite of reduced graphene oxide and calcium carbonate (rGO/CaCO3) is fabricated. Its mechanical and rheological properties are investigated experimentally. The effect of rGO/CaCO3 nanocomposite was experimentally investigated using Dynamical Mechanical Analysis (DMA), Tensile test and Rheological test. The results indicate improved adhesion and physical strengthening effect between rGO/CaCO3 nanocomposite and the PDMS, that leads towards the decrement of extensional loss factor and hence increment in the extensional storage modulus. Also, the ultimate tensile stress and percentage elongation of the elastomers was found to be increased with increasing wt. % of rGO in CaCO3. It has been observed that 5 % rGO/CaCO3 nanocomposite in PDMS exhibits a higher tensile stress of 0.81 ± 0.040 MPa in comparison to pure PDMS (0.48 ± 0.024 MPa). The bare PDMS material has a maximum force of 12.94 ± 0.647 N, but the 5 % rGO/CaCO3/PDMS nanocomposite can tolerate a maximum force of 22.1 ± 1.105 N. Furthermore, the rheological properties of the material were altered, resulting in an increase in the viscosity of PDMS as the percentage (%) of rGO concentration in the rGO/CaCO3 nanocomposite increased. The presence of CaCO3 increases viscosity, however when 4 % (wt. %) rGO is added to CaCO3, the viscosity decreases compared to other filler concentrations in the elastomers. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

关键词： Polydimethylsiloxane

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Nanoimprint lithography-assisted block copolymer self-assembly for hyperfine fabrication of magnetic patterns based on L10-FePt nanoparticles

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第5期68卷 2027-2034页

作者： Jie Zhang Yi Chen Guijun Li Zelin Sun Zhengong Meng Wai-Yeung Wong Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and Research Institute for Smart Energy The Hong Kong Polytechnic University The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute Division of Integrative Systems and Design and Department of Electronic and Computer EngineeringThe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology School of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University

L10-FePt-type bit-patterned media has provided a promising alternative for ultrahigh-density magnetic recording systems in the current digital era, but rapid fabrication of magnetic patterns with hyperfine bit islands is still challenging, especially with the target for miniaturization and scalable production simultaneously. Herein, Fe,Pt-containing block copolymers were utilized as single-source precursors for solution-processable patterning and subsequent generation of the demanding magnetic FePt dots by in situ pyrolysis. High-throughput nanoimprint lithography was initially employed to fabricate the predefined bit cells precisely,and then the intrinsic self-assembly of phase-separated block copolymers further drove the formation of accurate bit *** from the synergistic effect of top-down lithographic approach and bottom-up self-assembly, the customizable patterns could be achieved for large-scale mass production in targeted areas, but high-density isolated dots could also be accurately aligned along the patterned features after subsequent self-assembly. This reliable strategy would provide a good avenue to precisely construct ultrahigh-density magnetic data storage devices.

关键词： organometallic precursor magnetic nanoparticles block copolymer self-assembly nanoimprint lithography

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Janus orthogonal nanofiber membrane containing CPP@PDA for skull base reconstruction

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材料科学技术（英文版） 2025年第1期204卷 314-327页

作者： Xiaomei Xia Ziyang Liu Hongshui Wang Yazhou Hu Werner E.G.Müller Xiaohong Wang Kun Qin Jiantao Zheng Huan Zhou Lei Yang Chunyong Liang School of Materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300130China Center for Health Science and Engineering Hebei Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Smart TheranosticsSchool of Health Sciences and Biomedical EngineeringHebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300131China Department of Orthopedics Tianjin HospitalTianjin 300299China Center for Health Science and Engineering Hebei Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Smart TheranosticsSchool of Health Sciences and Biomedical EngineeringHebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300131China School of Materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300130China ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg UniversityDuesbergweg 6D-55128 MainzGermany Department of Neurosurgery Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital(Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences)Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510180China

In neurosurgery procedures,cerebrospinal fluid leakage is a commonly encountered ***-constructing skull base defects with patch materials can reduce the risk of cerebrospinal fluid leakage which can lead to serious issues such as infection,meningitis,arachnoiditis,and delayed wound *** ideal skull base reconstruction material should not only serve as a leak-proof barrier but also pro-mote skull base bone *** fulfill this challenge,this research designed and fabricated a Janus orthogonal bilayer nanofiber membrane(OPCL/PG-PCPP).The aligned PCL(APCL)nanofibers were con-stituted as the top layer to resist cerebrospinal fluid leakage,while the perpendicular PCL/gelatin(APG)fibers with calcium polyphosphate encapsulated polydopamine nanoparticles(CPP@PDA,labeled as PCPP)were designed as the bottom layer(APG-PCPP)to facilitate osteoblast migration and osteogenic *** these,APG-1％PCPP nanofibers demonstrated the most effective induction of osteogenic differentiation in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(rBMSCs).Subsequent in vivo animal experi-ments revealed that the bone surface area(BS),bone volume fraction(BV/TV),and number of trabec-ulae(Tb.N)in the APG-1％PCPP group were twice as high as those in the control group,which confirmed the good osteogenic ***,due to its unique leak-proof and osteoinductive properties,the OPCL/PG-PCPP membrane holds promise as an applicable skull base reconstruction material in the field of neurosurgery.

关键词： Skull base reconstruction Calcium polyphosphate Orthogonal nanofiber membrane Cell migration

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Joint Power Control and Multi-Path Routing for Internet of Underwater Things in Varying Environments

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第11期12卷 15197-15210页

作者： Xu, Cangzhu Song, Shanshan Liu, Jun Pan, Miao Xu, Gaochao Cui, Jun-Hong Jilin University Department of Computer Science and Technology Changchun130012 China Beihang University School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing100191 China Smart Ocean Technology Co. Ltd Shenzhen518055 China University of Houston Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering HoustonTX77204 United States University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study Chengdu China Jilin University College of Computer Science and Technology Changchun130012 China

Internet of Underwater Thing (IoUT) stands as promising technology facilitating diverse underwater applications. Nevertheless, IoUT across vast marine regions is challenged by highly diverse and fluctuating channel environments, which results in unreliable point-to-point (PTP) transmissions. Moreover, its multi-hop nature exacerbates severe unreliable end-to-end (ETE) transmissions. Existing methods utilize routing protocols to address the above challenges by independently power control for PTP reliability or multi-path transmission for ETE reliability. However, these methods ignore the interdependencies between power control and multi-path transmission, which fail to guarantee high energy-efficient reliability in resource-constrained and harsh underwater environments. To this end, we propose a joint power Control And Multi-Path routing (CAMP) protocol for IoUTs in varying environments. Specifically, we develop PTP and ETE reliability models by analyzing the interrelation between power control and multi-path routing, incorporating historical, current, and predictive information. A hybrid routing strategy is designed based on the reliability models to accommodate changing environmental conditions, residual energy, and link quality. This strategy initiates multi-path routing at the source and single-path forwarding at relay nodes, combined with power control. Extensive simulations demonstrate that CAMP achieves superior reliability (packet delivery rate) and energy efficiency, while simultaneously improving network performance in terms of latency and throughput. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Routing Reliability Power control Routing protocols Energy efficiency Relays Internet of Things Sensors Reliability engineering Computer network reliability

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Bioinspired Zwitterionic Block Polymer-Armored Nitric Oxide-Generating Coating Combats Thrombosis and Biofouling

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Research 2025年第1期2024卷 870-884页

作者： Qing Ma Wentai Zhang Xiaohui Mou Nan Huang Haimang Wang Hongyu Zhang Zhilu Yang School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Lab of Advanced Technology of Materials of Education MinistrySouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu610031China Dongguan Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine The Tenth Affiliated HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityDongguan523059China GuangZhou Nanchuang Mount Everest Company for Medical Science and Technology Guangzhou510670China State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment Department of Mechanical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Wenzhou Institute University of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhou352001 ZhejiangChina

Thrombosis and infection are 2 major complications associated with central venous catheters(CVCs),resulting in substantial mortality and *** concurrent long-term administration of antibiotics and anticoagulants to address these complications have been demonstrated to cause severe side effects such as antibiotic resistance and *** mitigate these complications with minimal or no drug utilization,we developed a bioinspired zwitterionic block polymer-armored nitric oxide(NO)-generating functional coating for surface modification of *** armor was fabricated by precoating with a Cu-dopamine(DA)/selenocysteamine(SeCA)(Cu-DA/SeCA)network film capable of catalytically generating NO on the CVCs surface,followed by grafting of a zwitterionic p(DMA-b-MPC-b-DMA)polymer *** synergistic effects of active attack by NO and copper ions provided by Cu-DA/SeCA network and passive defense by zwitterionic polymer brush imparted the CVCs surface with durable antimicrobial properties and marked inhibition of platelets and *** in vivo studies confirmed that the surface-armored CVCs could effectively reduce inflammation and inhibit thrombosis,indicating a promising potential for clinical applications.

关键词： biofouling central venous catheters thrombosis nitric oxide zwitterionic block polymer central venous catheters cvcs resulting antibiotic resistance bioinspired coating

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Review of UAVs for efficient agrochemical spray application

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological engineering 2025年第1期18卷 1-9页

作者： Narayan Raosaheb Gatkal Sachin Madhukar Nalawade Girishkumar Balasaheb Bhanage Ramesh Kumar Sahni Avdhoot Ashok Walunj Pravin Bhaskar Kadam Musrrat Ali Department of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering Dr.Annasaheb Shinde College of Agricultural Engineering and TechnologyMahatma Phule Krishi VidyapeethRahuri 413722MaharashtraIndia Centre for Advanced Agricultural Science and Technology for Climate Smart Agriculture and Water Management(CAAST-CSAWM) Dr.Annasaheb Shinde College of Agricultural Engineering and TechnologyMahatma Phule Krishi VidyapeethRahuri 413722AhmednagarMaharashtraIndia Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering Bhopal 462038Madya PradeshIndia Department of Mathematics and Statistics College of ScienceKing Faisal UniversityAl-Ahsa 31982Saudi Arabia

Insect infestation attacks in agricultural ecosystems are becoming more common because of global warming as well as farmland environmental circumstances,necessitating the development of new crop production *** application is one of the most common strategies for protecting the entire growing period of plants or shrubs against pests and pathogens in *** rapid,effective,and profitable application of plant control substances via unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)crop spraying is anticipated to be a key new *** compared to ground spraying,UAV spraying saves chemicals,water,time,does not damage crop plants or balls of crop,and does not create soil *** using UAV,pesticide drift and deposition must be managed in order to use pesticides safely,effectively,and *** paper focuses on agrochemical spraying by unmanned aerial vehicles and the key parameters that influence spray effectiveness,such as the operating parameters of nozzle type,flying speed,flight height,type of nozzle,and type of UAV model,for reducing drift and increasing application *** multirotor UAV is most suitable for spraying due to its fast operation,safety,not requiring a runway for takeoff and landing,and lower cost as compared to fixed-wing and *** can also be used for crop disease identification,soil health monitoring,livestock monitoring,field mapping,*** paper aims to review the development of various UAV models,optimization of operating parameters,effect of nozzle on UAV spraying,characterization of droplet deposition,drift reduction technology,UAV-based remote sensing for plant protection,and cost comparison of UAV to conventional ground sprayer.

关键词： deposition drift flight height flying speed nozzle unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)

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Multi-Agent Game-Theoretic Modelling of Electric Vehicle Charging Behavior and Pricing Optimization in Dynamic Ecosystems

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Procedia Computer Science 2025年 257卷 460-467页

作者： Pei Jia Pok Hwasoo Yeo Soomin Woo Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Korea Smart Vehicle Engineering Konkuk University Seoul 05029 Korea

This research investigates the dynamic interactions between electric vehicles (EVs) and electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs) through a multi-agent simulation over 30 days. The simulation models EV commuting behavior, charging decisions, and dynamic pricing strategies to analyze their impact on station utilization and energy distribution. EVs operate with unique parameters, including State of Charge (SOC), SOC thresholds, and weighted preferences for cost, wait time, and distance. Each vehicle follows a logistic urgency model and a utility function to evaluate trade-offs between charging at home or office stations. Dynamic pricing at office stations adjusts costs based on demand, encouraging cost-sensitive EVs to charge during of-peak hours, while time-sensitive EVs prioritize shorter queues despite higher costs. Vehicles with critically low SOC exhibit urgency-driven behavior, prioritizing the nearest available station to prevent depletion. The simulation models 101 EVs, distributed across three home locations (50 at Home1, 50 at Home2, and 1 at Home3), capturing diverse charging behaviors and station interactions. The results demonstrate that dynamic pricing effectively mitigates congestion at high-demand stations during peak hours while improving resource utilization. These findings emphasize the importance of personalized decision-making frameworks and flexible pricing strategies in optimizing EVCS operations. The study provides insights for integrating real-time pricing and adaptive charging infrastructure in smart cities, with future work exploring real-world traffic patterns, renewable energy integration, and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) interactions to enhance system sustainability.

关键词： Electric Vehicles Charging Electric Vehicle Charging Behaviour Pricing Game theory

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Side-chain cyclization enhancing molecular rigidity and π-π stacking yields as-cast binary organic solar cells with 19.1% efficiency

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第6期 2500-2512页

作者： Lang Li Wei Gao Ruijie Ma Xinjing Zhao Top Archie Dela Pe?a Jiaying Wu Jian-Xin Tang Zhanhua Wei Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays College of Materials Science and Engineering Huaqiao University Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE) Photonic Research Institute (PRI) The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Advanced Materials Thrust Function Hub The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Nansha Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering (MIMSE) Faculty of Innovation Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology

High-performance as-cast organic solar cells(OSCs) are rarely reported due to the challenges in achieving high-quality active layer morphology via a single-step process. Herein, four small molecule acceptors(SMAs) substituted with cyclic alkyl chains of varying carbon numbers were synthesized and utilized to fabricate highly efficient as-cast OSCs. The side-chain cyclization strategy significantly enhances molecular rigidity and strengthens intermolecular packing, particularly in Se-Cb, which exhibits an excellent three-dimensional(3D) stacking framework with a π-π stacking distance as short as 3.34 ?. As the size of cyclic alkyl chain increases, the packing mode of SMA single crystals shift from 3D to 2D, accompanied by a greater π-π stacking distance due to increased steric hindrance. As-cast binary devices based on D18/Se-Cb achieved a record power conversion efficiency(PCE) of 19.1% with a fill factor(FF) exceeding 80%, and a certified value of 18.45%. Se-Cb forms a more uniform vertical phase separation morphology than the control SMA within the D18 matrix, enhancing carrier transport and significantly suppressing sub-nanosecond bimolecular recombination. This study systematically investigates the effects of cyclic alkyl chain substitution on the properties and photovoltaic performance of SMAs, identifying cyclobutyl as a promising candidate for efficient as-cast OSCs with high FF.

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The Influence of Different Slot Permanent Magnet Magnetization Directions on the Power Density Enhancement of Transverse Flux Linear Generator

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IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 2025年

作者： Chen, Minshuo Zhu, Zhengyuan Qin, Wei Meng, Gaojun Xia, Tao Huang, Lei Smart Grid Research Institute Nanjing Institute of Technology Nanjing211167 China Department of Electrical Engineering Southeast University Nanjing210096 China Advanced Ocean Institute of Southeast University Nantong226010 China

In the past decades, various linear generators have been applied in direct drive wave energy converter (DDWEC). However, linear generators have the demerit of low power density in low-speed applications. The transverse flux linear generator (TFLG) can achieve higher power density due to the decoupling of electromagnetic loads and the use of laminated silicon steel sheets in primary to reduce iron loss. Also, magnetic field modulated machine is a suitable solution in low-speed large thrust application scenario. In this paper, a TFLG used in DDWEC is proposed. In addition to the magnetic field modulation effect, another highlight of this topology is the use of permanent magnets (PMs) in the slots, which further enhances power density. The simulation results prove that the proposed TFLG reaches large power density and has relatively low thrust ripple. Tangential magnetization type can achieve higher power density than its radial counterpart, but it is difficult to fix the slot PM in tangential magnetization type. The power density per PM volume of the TFLG prototype is 975.1 kW/m3, and the thrust ripple is 2.62%. © 2025 IEEE. All rights reserved,

关键词： Permanent magnets

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Core-shell structured BN/SiO_(2)nanofiber membrane featuring with dual-effect thermal management and flame retardancy for extreme space thermal protection

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Science Bulletin 2025年第5期70卷 722-732页

作者： Duo Pan Ziyuan Han Junting Lei Yutao Niu Hu Liu Sunmi Shin Chuntai Liu Zhanhu Guo State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial EquipmentNational Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing TechnologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems Advanced Materials DivisionSuzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou 215123China Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Design and EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117575Singapore Mechanical and Construction Engineering Faculty of Engineering and EnvironmentNorthumbria UniversityNewcastle Upon TyneNE18STUK

With the rapid progress of aerospace frontier engineering,the extreme space thermal environment has brought severe challenges to astronauts’space suits,putting forward higher requirements for thermal protection *** this basis,a unique core-shell structured hexagonal boron nitride(h-BN)/silicon dioxide(SiO_(2))nanofiber membrane(HS)was prepared using the coaxial electrospinning method,of which both the thermal insulation SiO_(2)nanofiber cortex and the passive radiation cooling(PRC)h-BN nanofiber core make it a promising dual-effect thermal management ***,when the amount of h-BN is 0.9 g,the resultant HS(HS0.9)exhibits astonishing low thermal conductivity of 0.026 W m−1 K−1 and high reflectivity and emissivity of exceeding 90%over an extremely wide *** expected dual-effect thermal management performance enables the HS to have an ideal cooling effect under both high sunlight intensity and strong light *** addition,HS also shows excellent flame retardant performance arising from the excellent high-temperature stability of h-BN and SiO_(2).What is more,the tensile strength of HS0.9 was also significantly increased from 0.42 to 7.2 MPa by encapsulating polyimide through vacuum ***,the research results of this work provide innovative highlights for high-temperature protection in daily life and even extreme space environments.

关键词： h-BN/SiO_(2)nanofiber membrane Core-shell structure Passive radiative cooling Thermal insulation Flame retardancy

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