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Optimization of Electrocardiogram Classification Using Dipper Throated Algorithm and Differential Evolution

computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 2379-2395页

作者： Doaa Sami Khafaga El-Sayed M.El-kenawy Faten Khalid Karim Sameer Alshetewi Abdelhameed Ibrahim Abdelaziz A.Abdelhamid D.L.Elsheweikh Department of Computer Sciences College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Communications and Electronics Delta Higher Institute of Engineering and TechnologyMansoura35111Egypt Faculty of Artificial Intelligence Delta University for Science and TechnologyMansoura35712Egypt General Information Technology Department Ministry of DefenseThe Executive AffairsExcellence Services DirectorateRiyadh11564Saudi Arabia Computer Engineering and Control Systems Department Faculty of EngineeringMansoura UniversityMansoura35516Egypt Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computer and Information SciencesAin Shams UniversityCairo11566Egypt Department of Computer Science College of Computing and Information TechnologyShaqra University11961Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Specific EducationMansoura UniversityEgypt

Electrocardiogram(ECG)signal is a measure of the heart’s electrical ***,ECG detection and classification have benefited from the use of computer-aided systems by *** goal of this paper is to improve the accuracy of ECG classification by combining the Dipper Throated Optimization(DTO)and Differential Evolution Algorithm(DEA)into a unified algorithm to optimize the hyperparameters of neural network(NN)for boosting the ECG classification *** addition,we proposed a new feature selection method for selecting the significant feature that can improve the overall *** prove the superiority of the proposed approach,several experimentswere conducted to compare the results achieved by the proposed approach and other competing ***,statistical analysis is performed to study the significance and stability of the proposed approach using Wilcoxon and ANOVA *** results confirmed the superiority and effectiveness of the proposed *** classification accuracy achieved by the proposed approach is(99.98%).

关键词： Electrocardiogram differential evolution algorithm dipper throated optimization neural networks

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AI-Driven Learning Management Systems:Modern Developments, Challenges and Future Trends during theAge of ChatGPT

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 3289-3314页

作者： Sameer Qazi Muhammad Bilal Kadri Muhammad Naveed Bilal AKhawaja Sohaib Zia Khan Muhammad Mansoor Alam Mazliham Mohd Su’ud Department of Computer Science Faculty of EngineeringScience and TechnologyIQRA UniversityKarachi75500Pakistan College of Computer and Information Sciences Prince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical EngineeringIslamic University of MadinahP.O.BOX 170Madinah41411Saudi Arabia Faculty of Engineering Department of Mechanical EngineeringIslamic University of MadinahP.O.BOX 170Madinah41411Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computing Riphah International UniversityIslamabad46000Pakistan Faculty of Computing and Informatics(FCI)Multimedia University Cyberjaya63100Malaysia Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology School of Computer ScienceUniversity of Technology SydneySydneyNSW 2007Australia

COVID-19 pandemic restrictions limited all social activities to curtail the spread of the *** foremost and most prime sector among those affected were schools,colleges,and *** education system of entire nations had shifted to online education during this *** shortcomings of Learning Management Systems(LMSs)were detected to support education in an online mode that spawned the research in Artificial Intelligence(AI)based tools that are being developed by the research community to improve the effectiveness of *** paper presents a detailed survey of the different enhancements to LMSs,which are led by key advances in the area of AI to enhance the real-time and non-real-time user *** AI-based enhancements proposed to the LMSs start from the Application layer and Presentation layer in the form of flipped classroom models for the efficient learning environment and appropriately designed UI/UX for efficient utilization of LMS utilities and resources,including AI-based *** layer enhancements are also required,such as AI-based online proctoring and user authentication using *** extend to the Transport layer to support real-time and rate adaptive encrypted video transmission for user security/privacy and satisfactory working of *** also needs the support of the Networking layer for IP-based geolocation features,the Virtual Private Network(VPN)feature,and the support of software-Defined Networks(SDN)for optimum Quality of Service(QoS).Finally,in addition to these,non-real-time user experience is enhanced by other AI-based enhancements such as Plagiarism detection algorithms and Data Analytics.

关键词： Learning management systems chatbots ChatGPT online education Internet of Things(IoT) artificial intelligence(AI) convolutional neural networks natural language processing

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General Optimal Trajectory Planning:Enabling Autonomous Vehicles with the Principle of Least Action

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engineering 2024年第2期33卷 63-76页

作者： Heye Huang Yicong Liu Jinxin Liu Qisong Yang Jianqiang Wang David Abbink Arkady Zgonnikov School of Vehicle and Mobility Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Cognitive Robotics Faculty of MechanicalMaritime and Materials Engineering(3mE)Delft University of TechnologyDelft 2628Netherlands Department of Software Technology Faculty of Electrical EngineeringMathematics and Computer ScienceDelft University of TechnologyDelft 2628Netherlands Xi’an Institute of High-Technology Xi’an 710051China

This study presents a general optimal trajectory planning(GOTP)framework for autonomous vehicles(AVs)that can effectively avoid obstacles and guide AVs to complete driving tasks safely and ***,we employ the fifth-order Bezier curve to generate and smooth the reference path along the road *** coordinates are then transformed to achieve the curvature continuity of the generated *** the road constraints and vehicle dynamics,limited polynomial candidate trajectories are generated and smoothed in a curvilinear coordinate ***,in selecting the optimal trajectory,we develop a unified and auto-tune objective function based on the principle of least action by employing AVs to simulate drivers’behavior and summarizing their manipulation characteristics of“seeking benefits and avoiding losses.”Finally,by integrating the idea of receding-horizon optimization,the proposed framework is achieved by considering dynamic multi-performance objectives and selecting trajectories that satisfy feasibility,optimality,and *** simulations and experiments are performed,and the results demonstrate the framework’s feasibility and effectiveness,which avoids both dynamic and static obstacles and applies to various scenarios with multi-source interactive traffic ***,we prove that the proposed method can guarantee real-time planning and safety requirements compared to drivers’manipulation.

关键词： Autonomous vehicle Trajectory planning Multi-performance objectives Principle of least action

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User story clustering in agile development:a framework and an empirical study

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Frontiers of computer science 2023年第6期17卷 43-59页

作者： Bo YANG Xiuyin MA Chunhui WANG Haoran GUO Huai LIU Zhi JIN School of Information Science and Technology Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Engineering Research Center for Forestry Oriented Intelligent Information Processing National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationBeijing 100083China School of Information Science and Technology North China University of TechnologyBeijing 100144China College of Computer Science and Technology Inner Mongolia Normal UniversityHohhot 010020China Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Swinburne University of TechnologyHawthorn VIC 3122Australia Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies(Peking University) Ministry of EducationBeijing 100871China Institute of Software School of Computer SciencePeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Agile development aims at rapidly developing software while embracing the continuous evolution of user requirements along the whole development *** stories are the primary means of requirements collection and elicitation in the agile development.A project can involve a large amount of user stories,which should be clustered into different groups based on their functionality’s similarity for systematic requirements analysis,effective mapping to developed features,and efficient ***,the current user story clustering is mainly conducted in a manual manner,which is time-consuming and subjective to human *** this paper,we propose a novel approach for clustering the user stories automatically on the basis of natural language ***,the sentence patterns of each component in a user story are first analysed and determined such that the critical structure in the representative tasks can be automatically extracted based on the user story *** similarity of user stories is calculated,which can be used to generate the connected graph as the basis of automatic user story *** evaluate the approach based on thirteen datasets,compared against ten baseline *** results show that our clustering approach has higher accuracy,recall rate and F1-score than these *** is demonstrated that the proposed approach can significantly improve the efficacy of user story clustering and thus enhance the overall performance of agile *** study also highlights promising research directions for more accurate requirements elicitation.

关键词： user story agile development user story mapping clustering

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Facial Image-Based Autism Detection:A Comparative Study of Deep Neural Network Classifiers

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 105-126页

作者： Tayyaba Farhat Sheeraz Akram Hatoon SAlSagri Zulfiqar Ali Awais Ahmad Arfan Jaffar Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology The Superior UniversityLahore54600Pakistan Intelligent Data Visual Computing Research(IDVCR) Faculty of Computer Science and Information TechnologyThe Superior UniversityLahore54600Pakistan Information Systems Department College of Computer and Information SciencesImam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)Riyadh12571Saudi Arabia School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering(CSEE) University of EssexWivenhoe ParkColchesterCO43SQUK

Autism Spectrum Disorder(ASD)is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by significant challenges in social interaction,communication,and repetitive *** and precise ASD detection is crucial,particularly in regions with limited diagnostic resources like *** study aims to conduct an extensive comparative analysis of various machine learning classifiers for ASD detection using facial images to identify an accurate and cost-effective solution tailored to the local *** research involves experimentation with VGG16 and MobileNet models,exploring different batch sizes,optimizers,and learning rate *** addition,the“Orange”machine learning tool is employed to evaluate classifier performance and automated image processing capabilities are utilized within the *** findings unequivocally establish VGG16 as the most effective classifier with a 5-fold cross-validation ***,VGG16,with a batch size of 2 and the Adam optimizer,trained for 100 epochs,achieves a remarkable validation accuracy of 99% and a testing accuracy of 87%.Furthermore,the model achieves an F1 score of 88%,precision of 85%,and recall of 90% on test *** validate the practical applicability of the VGG16 model with 5-fold cross-validation,the study conducts further testing on a dataset sourced fromautism centers in Pakistan,resulting in an accuracy rate of 85%.This reaffirms the model’s suitability for real-world ASD *** research offers valuable insights into classifier performance,emphasizing the potential of machine learning to deliver precise and accessible ASD diagnoses via facial image analysis.

关键词： Autism Autism Spectrum Disorder(ASD) disease segmentation features optimization deep learning models facial images classification

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A Novel Lightweight IoT Intrusion Detection Model Based on Self-knowledge Distillation

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第11期12卷 16912-16930页

作者： Wang, Zhendong Zhou, Renqiang Yang, Shuxin He, Daojing Chan, Sammy Jiangxi University of Science and Technology School of Information Engineering Ganzhou341000 China Nanchang University Software Engineering Institute Nanchang330047 China Harbin Institute of Technology School of Computer Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China City University of Hong Kong Department of Electrical Engineering Hong Kong

The Internet of Things (IoT) environment contains many different types of devices, each with different functionalities, communication protocols, and security capabilities, which makes the IoT a complex challenge for security protection. Therefore, network intrusion detection (NID) is needed to detect intrusions in the network to secure the IoT. In recent years, deep learning-based intrusion detection systems have achieved excellent results, but they tend to require high computational resources and storage space, which is not feasible for most IoT devices. In this paper, we propose a lightweight intrusion detection model based on self-knowledge distillation, namely TBCLNN, which improves the detection accuracy while also reducing the number of model parameters and computational cost. Specifically, we use the binary Harris Hawk optimization algorithm for dimensionality reduction of traffic features. We use lightweight convolution, such as Tied Block Convolution (TBC), to design lightweight neural network models with residual and inverse residual structures. Moreover, we propose an improved self-knowledge distillation loss function to solve the sample imbalance problem and compensate for the performance degradation caused by lightweight neural networks. The multiclassification accuracy of our proposed method exceeds 99% on all three publicly available IoT datasets. The experimental results show that our method has a small model size and requires only low computational resources, making it suitable for resource-constrained IoT intrusion detection. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Network intrusion

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DNA Computing with Water Strider Based Vector Quantization for Data Storage Systems

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 6429-6444页

作者： A.Arokiaraj Jovith S.Rama Sree Gudikandhula Narasimha Rao K.Vijaya Kumar Woong Cho Gyanendra Prasad Joshi Sung Won Kim Department of Networking and Communications College of Engineering and TechnologySRM Institute of Science and TechnologyKattankulathur603203India Department of Computer Science Engineering Aditya Engineering CollegeSurampalemAndhra Pradesh533437India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Vignan’s Institute of Information TechnologyVisakhapatnam530049India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Vignan’s Institute of Engineering for WomenVisakhapatnam530049India Department of Software Convergence Daegu Catholic UniversityGyeongsan38430Korea Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea Department of Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan-siGyeongbuk-do38541Korea

The exponential growth of data necessitates an effective data storage scheme,which helps to effectively manage the large quantity of *** accomplish this,Deoxyribonucleic Acid(DNA)digital data storage process can be employed,which encodes and decodes binary data to and from synthesized strands of *** quantization(VQ)is a commonly employed scheme for image compression and the optimal codebook generation is an effective process to reach maximum compression *** article introduces a newDNAComputingwithWater StriderAlgorithm based Vector Quantization(DNAC-WSAVQ)technique for Data Storage *** proposed DNAC-WSAVQ technique enables encoding data using DNA computing and then compresses it for effective data ***,the DNAC-WSAVQ model initially performsDNA encoding on the input images to generate a binary encoded *** addition,aWater Strider algorithm with Linde-Buzo-Gray(WSA-LBG)model is applied for the compression process and thereby storage area can be considerably *** order to generate optimal codebook for LBG,the WSA is applied to *** performance validation of the DNAC-WSAVQ model is carried out and the results are inspected under several *** comparative study highlighted the improved outcomes of the DNAC-WSAVQ model over the existing methods.

关键词： DNA computing data storage image compression vector quantization ws algorithm space saving

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Liberated Arabic Handwritten Text Recognition using Convolutional Recurrent Neural Networks

Iraqi Journal for Computer Science and Mathematics

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Iraqi Journal for computer science and Mathematics 2025年第2期6卷 72-81页

作者： AlRababah, Ahmad AbdulQadir Aljahdali, Mohammed Khalid Al jahdali, Abdulrahim Abdulhamid AlGhanmi, Mohammed Saleh Al Barazanchi, Israa Ibraheem Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computing and Information Technology in Rabigh King Abdulaziz University Saudi Arabia College of Engineering University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa Karbala Iraq

Arabic script is exhibited in a cursive style, which is a departure from the norm in many common languages, and the shapes of letters are contingent on their positions within words. The form of the first letter is influenced by the subsequent letter, middle letters are shaped by both preceding and succeeding letters, and the shape of the final letter is determined by the preceding letter. Additionally, certain letters are found to have strikingly similar shapes, making Arabic text recognition a formidable challenge in computer vision. The challenge of detecting and recognizing Arabic handwritten text is addressed in this paper by proposing a novel system that integrates two Deep Learning models without the constraints of a predefined dictionary or language model. Object Detection techniques are employed in the first model to accurately identify lines, words, and punctuation marks, providing a robust foundation for text recognition. In the second model, a powerful recognition system is developed, trained on the IFN/ENIT dataset to predict character sequences from handwritten text images. The architecture is comprised of a convolutional neural network (CNN) with residual connections, followed by a Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (BLSTM) layer, and culminates in a fully connected layer. State-of-the-art results in unconstrained Arabic text recognition tasks are achieved by this approach. © 2025 The Author(s).

关键词： Long short-term memory

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ClipArtGAN: An Application of Pix2Pix Generative Adversarial Network for Clip Art Generation

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-25页

作者： Elnabawy, Reham H. Abdennadher, Slim Hellwich, Olaf Eldawlatly, Seif Technische Universität Berlin Berlin Germany Computer Science and Engineering Department Faculty of Media Engineering and Technology German University in Cairo Cairo Egypt Computer Science Department Faculty of Informatics and Computer Science German International University New Administrative Capital Egypt Computer and Systems Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Ain Shams University 1 El-sarayat st. Abbassia Cairo Egypt Computer Science and Engineering Department The American University in Cairo Cairo Egypt School of Information Technology New Giza University Giza Egypt

An image can convey a thousand words. This statement emphasizes the importance of illustrating ideas visually rather than writing them down. Although detailed image representation is typically instructive, there are several contexts where simplification of image representations may be more informative. One way to provide an abstract representation of an object is via clip art, which is a simple graphic illustration of an object that can be included in documents or presentations. Clip art representation can be utilized in graphic design for concepts expression and daily life objects illustration. Furthermore, clip art had shown remarkable advantages when compared to real images in terms of editing and manipulation since clip art geometry can be easily edited in addition to the feasibility of storing it in a resolution-independent manner. However, it can be difficult to automatically create clip arts that resemble any object. Here, we propose a novel deep learning model, named ClipArtGAN, that utilizes Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) to convert a photo of an object to its corresponding clip art. To our knowledge, this is the first GAN model based on Pix2Pix architecture that is capable of automatically generating clip art for any arbitrary object. Three training datasets were collected to train and compare two GAN models based on Pix2Pix and CycleGAN architectures. Our results demonstrate that the mean accuracy obtained using ClipArtGAN utilizing Pix2Pix outperforms that of CycleGAN by 58% and that of Google Images-based search by 54%. These results indicate the efficacy of ClipArtGAN in generating representative clip art images. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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Efficient and Secure IoT Based Smart Home Automation Using Multi-Model Learning and Blockchain technology

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computer Modeling in engineering & sciences 2024年第6期139卷 3387-3415页

作者： Nazik Alturki Raed Alharthi Muhammad Umer Oumaima Saidani Amal Alshardan Reemah M.Alhebshi Shtwai Alsubai Ali Kashif Bashir Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Hafr Al-BatinHafar Al-BatinSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science&Information Technology The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpurPakistan Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-KharjSaudi Arabia Department of Computing and Mathematics Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUK Woxsen School of Business Woxsen UniversityHyderabadIndia Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Lebanese American UniversityBeirutLebanon

The concept of smart houses has grown in prominence in recent *** challenges linked to smart homes are identification theft,data safety,automated decision-making for IoT-based devices,and the security of the device *** home automation systems try to address these issues but there is still an urgent need for a dependable and secure smart home solution that includes automatic decision-making systems and methodical *** paper proposes a smart home system based on ensemble learning of random forest(RF)and convolutional neural networks(CNN)for programmed decision-making tasks,such as categorizing gadgets as“OFF”or“ON”based on their normal routine in *** have integrated emerging blockchain technology to provide secure,decentralized,and trustworthy authentication and recognition of IoT *** system consists of a 5V relay circuit,various sensors,and a Raspberry Pi server and database for managing *** have also developed an Android app that communicates with the server interface through an HTTP web interface and an Apache *** feasibility and efficacy of the proposed smart home automation system have been evaluated in both laboratory and real-time *** is essential to use inexpensive,scalable,and readily available components and technologies in smart home automation ***,we must incorporate a comprehensive security and privacy-centric design that emphasizes risk assessments,such as cyberattacks,hardware security,and other cyber *** trial results support the proposed system and demonstrate its potential for use in everyday life.

关键词： Blockchain Internet of Things(IoT) smart home automation cybersecurity

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