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Research Square 2021年

作者： Zaffar, Asma Imran, Muhammad Uddin, Vali Aamir, Muhammad Department of Mathematics Sir Syed University of Engineering & Technology Karachi Pakistan Department of Civil Engineering Sir Syed University of Engineering & Technology Karachi Pakistan Sir Syed University of Engineering & Technology Karachi Pakistan Department of Telecom Engineering Sir Syed University of Engineering & Technology Karachi Pakistan

The world has experienced extreme climate changes and global warming. It also causes high temperature, droughts, rising sea level and flooding. In Karachi, the construction activities and transportation caused most of the Green House Gases (GHG) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emission. In the paper, the data under consideration is 60 years mean monthly maximum and minimum air temperature of Karachi ranging from 1961 to 2020 has been used to forecast the temperature impact over time. The minimum and maximum temperature data were observed, forecasted city temperature. ARMA (p, q) model used to modelling and forecasting the behaviour of Karachi maximum and minimum air temperature using Pakistan Metrological department (PMD) data. The results show that the Theil’s U-Statistics values of each month lie approaches to zero shows that the air temperature is strongly correlated to previously observed values. The results of this study are very beneficial for observing the influence of air temperature on the global warming. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Global warming

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Hybrid Channel Attention Regression U-Net (ARU-Net): An Enhanced Architecture for Brain Tumour Segmentation in Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 102278-102298页

作者： Siddiqui, Noman Ahmed Qadri, Muhammad Tahir Ali, Zain Anwar Akhter, Muhammad Ovais Alsanad, Ahmed Alhogail, Areej Abdullah Gumaei, Abdul H. Sir Syed University of Engineering and Technology Electronic Engineering Department Karachi75290 Pakistan Co. Kildare MaynoothW23 A3HY Ireland Bahria University Electrical Engineering Department Karachi73500 Pakistan King Saud University College of Computer and Information Science Riyadh11543 Saudi Arabia Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University College of Computer Engineering and Sciences Al-Kharj11942 Saudi Arabia

This research presents an accurate segmentation of brain tumours which is important in diagnosis and treatment planning of magnetic resource imaging (MRI) scans. Despite existing methodologies based on deep learning models, it remains difficult to distinguish between a tumour region and a normal brain tissue. To tackle this problem, a recent work proposed a new brain tumour segmentation technique on MRI, known as the Hybrid Attention Regression U-Net (ARU-Net) architecture. To enhance the effectiveness of segmentation, the proposed architecture utilises modern approaches including attention mechanisms, feature fusion processes, and regression-based output layer. It specifically uses Spatial and channel-wise attention mechanisms to capture important regions and inter channel dependencies. Spatial attention module in this architecture is based on improved Convolutional Block Attention Module which constrain attention on informative areas and suppress irrelevant or noisy ones. On the other hand, the channel-wise attention part, the Squeeze-and-Excitation (SE) blocks, recalibrates channel-wise feature responses for higher emphasis on salient features. The performance of proposed method has been evaluated comprehensively on the BraTS-2021 dataset where it shows enhanced accuracy over existing methods in detecting the tumour area. From the point of epoch curve, F1 score, the area under the curve, specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy in augmented and non-augmented datasets validated the stability of the proposed ARU-Net. This underlines its roles in segmentation of brain tumour, which if optimally developed holds the promise to significantly contribute for diagnosis and treatment planning. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Image segmentation

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Accuracy Enhancing Time Limited Model Reduction Framework: Computational Efficiency in Power Systems

Accuracy Enhancing Time Limited Model Reduction Framework: C...

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International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences & technology, IBCAST

作者： Muhammad Latif Hira Ambreen Muhammad Imran Samra Zafar Sajid Bashir Department of Electrical Engineering Military College of Signals (MCS) National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST) Islamabad Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering Sir Syed Center for Advanced Studies in Engineering Institute of Technology (SS-CASE-IT) Islamabad Pakistan Henan University School of Computer and Information Engineering Kaifeng China College of Electrical & Mechanical Engineering NUST Islamabad Pakistan

ISBN: (数字)9798331516680

ISBN: (纸本)9798331516697

The analytical and modelling precision required to build modern wind turbines makes them stable, controlled, and observable. This article presents a state-of-the-art method for lowering the model order of a wind turbine driven by a double-fed induction generator, where the rotational speed varies over time. The suggested approach uses state-space representations to set up a comprehensive and systematic framework for analysing wind turbine performance and checking for compliance with grid standards. A time-constrained Gramians-based novel balanced realization approach is employed to reduce the dimensionality of the large-scale wind turbine model. Stability and reduced approximation error are two benefits of the lower-order system. The proposed method also gives researchers an a priori formula for the error-bound, making computations faster and more efficient. Using substantial simulation data, we show that our method improves upon previous methods in optimising models that include wind turbines with changing rotational speeds, taking into account both stability and error computation. To enhance the efficacy and accuracy of their modeling procedures, academics and researchers analyzing wind turbines should incorporate this new methodology.

关键词： Analytical models Accuracy Uncertainty Computational modeling Stability criteria Velocity control Power system stability Approximation error Wind turbines Computational efficiency

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Frameworks, Applications and Challenges in Streaming Big Data Analytics: A Review

Frameworks, Applications and Challenges in Streaming Big Dat...

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Innovations in Computer Science & software engineering (ICONICS), International Conference on

作者： syed Muhammd Nabeel Mustafa Muhammad Umer Farooque Muhammad Tahir Shariq Mahmood Khan Rohail Qamar Dept. of Computer Science & I.T NED University of Engineering and Technology Karachi Pakistan Dept. of Software Engineering Sir Syed University of Engineering and Karachi Pakistan

Data output has increased dramatically in the twenty-first century. The speed at which data is introduced into the stream has increased as a result of the digitization of practically all industries. Big data refers to this enormous amount of data. A complex network of data with volume, velocity, diversity, authenticity, and value makes up this information. To derive useful insights from the data, it became necessary to examine the data. The term "streaming Big data" refers to data that changes very quickly. Big data analytics that are live or streaming have significantly improved analytics. Instantaneous analytics of the real-time data are provided by streaming big data analytics, assisting the decision-makers. Big data analytics in real-time has taken center stage in business. We thoroughly examine the phenomenon of streaming Big data analytics in this review study. We also look at the various streaming analytics frameworks in use. Additionally, we look into the fields in which streaming Big Data analytics are applied as well as the difficulties encountered.

关键词： Transportation Medical services Big Data Real-time systems Smart grids Internet of Things Sparks

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IoT-Based Soil and Weather Sensors for Crop Monitoring: A Step towards Smart Agriculture

IoT-Based Soil and Weather Sensors for Crop Monitoring: A St...

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Wireless and Optical Technologies (GCWOT), 2020 Global Conference on

作者： Nadia Qamar Mir Shabbar Ali Abdul Mohimeen Siddique Haris Uddin Qureshi Uzair Ali Ayesha A. Khurram Civil Engineering Department Sir Syed University of Engineering & Technology Karachi Pakistan Associated Consulting Engineers (ACE) Limited Pakistan Karachi Pakistan Director Crop2x Pvt.Ltd National Incubation Center NED University

ISBN: (数字)9798331534271

ISBN: (纸本)9798331534288

For a sustainable agricultural production, a thorough understanding of the interrelationship between the crop yield and soil properties, weather conditions, farming practice, and freshwater availability is essential. The conventional methods for monitoring the daily soil and weather conditions in a crop field have been found to be time-consuming and laborious, where a limited real-time field information leads to soil deterioration, excessive or deficient irrigation, and ultimately reduced crop water productivity and crop yield. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of IoT-based smart soil sensors and weather trackers for monitoring the soil and weather conditions as an alternative to the conventional methods. The initial crop growing phase was taken as the study period as 21 st November 2022-10 th December 2022. The results obtained for November showed the average daily soil moisure, soil temperature,, soil TDS, relative humidity, air temperature, and heat Index as 18.24 %, 17.7 °C, 200 ppm, 8126 %, 17.4 °C, and 21.6 °Crespectively, whilefor December, theaveragedaily soil moisture, soil temperature soil TDS, relative humidity, air temperature, and heat Indexwasfoundas 17.7%, 15.1 °C, 167 ppm, 75.8%, 14.53 °C, and 24.3 °C respectively. Thus, the IoT-based smart soil sensors and weather trackers can be adopted in place of the conventional methods for the real-time monitoring of soil and weather conditions that may assist the farm managers for a timely irrigation scheduling, better on-farm water management, soil conservation, and to achieve the desired crop water productivity and the per hectare crop yield.

关键词： Temperature sensors Productivity Irrigation Soil Water conservation Real-time systems Optical sensors Monitoring Intelligent sensors Crop yield

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Impact of Crack Angle Variations on Stress Intensity Factors in Mixed-Mode Failure of Edge-Cracked Die Steels

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Waqar, Kanwal Ambreen, Hira Imran, Muhammad Kakepoto, Fatima Ghulam Wu, Xiaoxin Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Engineering & Technology Taxila Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering Sir Syed Center for Advanced Studies in Engineering Institute of Technology Islamabad Pakistan Cogniser Information Technology Co. Ltd Guangdong Guangzhou China School of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering Zhejiang Normal University Zhejiang321017 China College of Electrical Engineering Nantong University Seyuan Road 9th Jiangsu Nantong China

Die failure, attributed to stress effects, cyclic loading, heat stresses, and corrosion, remains a critical concern affecting manufacturing efficiency. This research employs advanced numerical simulation using ABAQUS to scrutinize the influence of mixed-mode stress intensity factors on an AISI D2 steel component. Through systematic manipulation of crack length, the study explores crack growth angles from 0 to 45 degrees, revealing intricate relationships between mixed-mode stresses, crack characteristics, and stress intensity. Extensive simulations, validated through meticulous comparison with an artificial neural network (ANN), provide nuanced insights. Results indicate that KI decreases with an increasing fracture angle, while KII rises with crack length. Maximum KI and minimum KII occur at 0 and 45 degrees under pure tensile or compressive stress. Rapid increases in K_I and KII are observed between 0–10 and 35–45 degrees. The study underscores the impact of training data splits on ANN predictions. A ten-fold increase in error correlates with a ten-fold decrease in the percentage difference. Leveraging this knowledge enhances die lifespan prediction models, optimizing resource utilization and bolstering manufacturing efficiency, thereby fortifying competitiveness in the industry. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fatigue of materials

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AI Surveillance UGV 2

AI Surveillance UGV

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2nd International Conference on Information Science and Communication technology, ICISCT 2020

作者： Khan, Muhammad Maaz Rizwan-Ul-Hasan, syed Ahmed, Ammar Khan, Muhammad Ashar Fahad, Muhammad Sir Syed University of Engineering and Technology Department of Computer Engineering Karachi Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9781728168999

Security and surveillance are the prime focus for any organization that chooses to be safe from any kind of physical threats. Installation of video surveillance systems can cost organizations a big portion of their financial budget and can lead to significant changes in their network infrastructure. The purpose of our research is to minimize the hurdles in setting up the video surveillance system into organizations that has open areas, that cannot afford to let any outsider to get into their networks and that need many costly cameras to cover their entire place. By installing cameras on an unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) that can move around in a specified area using geographic coordinate system, by smartly choosing its own path for its automatically generated destinations within the area. The UGV can also be manually controlled by the means of analog transmission within specified range. The video is transmitted using analog video transmitter and can be received over a specific channel using the analog video receiver, and can be observed using the developed software on any computer. software developed for the ground control station can smartly identify an employee or an outsider using deep learning model trained on the faces of the employees and can alert the organization on its own when it detects any intrusion. Our research increased the range of wireless video surveillance and reduced the financial and architectural barriers for installing video surveillance into the organization. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Monitoring

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Underwater Channel Characterization for Effective Communication Link 3

Underwater Channel Characterization for Effective Communicat...

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3rd International Conference on Computing, Mathematics and engineering Technologies, iCoMET 2020

作者： Shaikh, Hammad Nadeem, M. Asim Yasir Zaheen, Muhammad Khan, Abid Muhammad Rauf, Muhammad Sir Syed University of Engineering and Technology Electronic Engineering Department Karachi Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9781728149707

Generating effective communication links in an offshore environment is a vital need for the oil and gas industry as well as the military domain. The highly conductive medium of the environment is yet the biggest hurdle to develop the channel. Focusing towards the challenges lies in underwater communication channel, this paper first presents an efficient transmitter and receiver design using the conduction current method. Subsequent to the design development, a comparative analysis is presented that can be used to model an optimum underwater communication channel through electromagnetic conduction. Effect of different channel characterization parameters is discussed such as conductivity, frequency and transmitter and receiver antenna separation. Through an efficient circuit design for transmitter and receiver, increasing frequencies increased the signal strength is proved. Further statistical analysis revealed that in the developed experimental setup, 100 kHz has a greater possibility in designing an efficient demodulation circuit design. The promising results have proved the possibilities in way forward for the technology. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Transmitters

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Numerical simulation to assess floating instability of small passenger vehicle under sub-critical flow 1

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6th International Conference on Civil, Offshore and Environmental engineering, ICCOEE 2020

作者： Al-Qadami, Ebrahim Hamid Hussein Mustaffa, Zahiraniza Martínez-Gomariz, Eduardo Yusof, Khamaruzaman Wan Abdurrasheed, Abdurrasheed S. Shah, syed Muzzamil Hussain Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Seri Iskandar Perak32610 Malaysia Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering FLUMEN Research Institute Technical University of Catalonia Barcelona Spain Civil Engineering Department Sir Syed University of Engineering and Technology Karachi Pakistan

ISBN: (数字)9789813363113

ISBN: (纸本)9789813363106

Parked vehicles can be directly affected by the floods and at a certain flow velocity and depth, vehicles can be easily swept away. Therefore, studying flooded vehicles stability limits is required. Herein, an attempt has been done to assess numerically the floating instability mode of a small passenger car with a scaled-down ratio of 1:10 using FLOW-3D. The 3D car model was placed inside a closed box and the six degrees of freedom numerical simulation was conducted. Later, numerical results validated experimentally and analytically. Results showed that buoyancy depths were 3.6 and 3.8 cm numerically and experimentally, respectively with a percentage difference of 5.4%. Further, the buoyancy forces were 8.95 N and 8.97 N numerically and analytically, respectively with a percentage difference of 0.2%. With this small difference, it can be concluded that the numerical modeling for such cases using FLOW-3D software can give an acceptable prediction on the vehicle stability limits. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021.

关键词： Floods

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An Improved Genetic Algorithm-based Routing Protocol for Multimedia Data Transmission

An Improved Genetic Algorithm-based Routing Protocol for Mul...

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International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications (WPMC)

作者： Fozia Hanif Rehan Shams Samia Masood Awan Muhammad Amir Department of Mathematics University of Karachi Karachi Pakistan Department of Telecommunication Sir Syed University of Engineering and Technology Karachi Pakistan Department of Computer Science & Information Technology NED University of Engineering and Technology Karachi Pakistan

The purpose of this study is to obtain an improved and optimized network with minimum end-to-end delay and improved throughput by using the Genetic Algorithm (GA) for multimedia communication. The proposed study also increases the Quality of Service (QoS) with the consideration of the optimal path. Nowadays, the transformation of multimedia information is essential for the users however, many factors affect the transmission of multimedia communication, such as quality of service, end-to-end delay, energy efficiency, and many more. This paper is intended to provide an efficient algorithm for multimedia communication that overcomes the factors mentioned above. For validating our proposed methodology simulation will be carried out for multimedia traffic and video streamed network traffic using OPNET Simulator. Comparison with existing algorithms will prove that the suggested algorithm outperforms them and provides better efficiency.

关键词： Wireless communication Quality of service Telecommunication traffic Streaming media Throughput Energy efficiency Routing protocols

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