Accurate crowd counting in natural images has become increasingly attractive owing to its numerous real-world applications, e.g., crowd analysis and video surveillance. Despite significant progress in crowd counting [...
Accurate crowd counting in natural images has become increasingly attractive owing to its numerous real-world applications, e.g., crowd analysis and video surveillance. Despite significant progress in crowd counting [1,2], challenges(such as scale variation and background clutter) *** fully utilize spatial information, existing crowd counting approaches [3, 4] mainly estimate a density map, where point annotations are smoothed via a Gaussian kernel to generate probabilities indicating the presence of a crowd.
Blockchain is a type of distributed ledger technology that consists of a growing list of records,called blocks,that are securely linked together using *** blockchain-based solution deploys a specific consensus algorit...
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Blockchain is a type of distributed ledger technology that consists of a growing list of records,called blocks,that are securely linked together using *** blockchain-based solution deploys a specific consensus algorithm that guarantees the consistency of the ledger over *** most famous,and yet claimed to be the most secure,is the Proof-of-Work(PoW)consensus *** this paper,we revisit the fundamental calculations and assumptions of this algorithm,originally presented in the Bitcoin white *** break down its claimed calculations in order to better understand the underlying assumptions of the *** also propose a novel formalization model of the PoW mining problem using the Birthday *** utilize this model to formalize and analyze partial pre-image attacks on PoW-based blockchains,with formal analysis that confirms the experimental results and the previously proposed *** build on those analyses and propose new concepts for benchmarking the security of PoW-based systems,including Critical Difficulty and Critical Difficulty per given *** calculations result in several important findings,including the profitability of launching partial pre-image attacks on PoW-based blockchains,once the mining puzzle difficulty reaches a given ***,for any compromised portion of the network(q<0.5;honest majority assumption still holds),the attack is formally proven profitable once the PoW mining puzzle difficulty reaches 56 leading zeros.
Electrolysis tanks are used to smeltmetals based on electrochemical principles,and the short-circuiting of the pole plates in the tanks in the production process will lead to high temperatures,thus affecting normal **...
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Electrolysis tanks are used to smeltmetals based on electrochemical principles,and the short-circuiting of the pole plates in the tanks in the production process will lead to high temperatures,thus affecting normal *** at the problems of time-consuming and poor accuracy of existing infrared methods for high-temperature detection of dense pole plates in electrolysis tanks,an infrared dense pole plate anomalous target detection network YOLOv5-RMF based on You Only Look Once version 5(YOLOv5)is ***,we modified the Real-Time Enhanced Super-Resolution Generative Adversarial Network(Real-ESRGAN)by changing the U-shaped network(U-Net)to Attention U-Net,to preprocess the images;secondly,we propose a new Focus module that introduces the Marr operator,which can provide more boundary information for the network;again,because Complete Intersection over Union(CIOU)cannot accommodate target borders that are increasing and decreasing,replace CIOU with Extended Intersection over Union(EIOU),while the loss function is changed to Focal and Efficient IOU(Focal-EIOU)due to the different difficulty of sample *** the homemade dataset,the precision of our method is 94%,the recall is 70.8%,and the map@.5 is 83.6%,which is an improvement of 1.3%in precision,9.7%in recall,and 7%in map@.5 over the original *** algorithm can meet the needs of electrolysis tank pole plate abnormal temperature detection,which can lay a technical foundation for improving production efficiency and reducing production waste.
A significant challenge in the recycling of plastics is the separation of various polymers. Mechanical recycling represents one of the most straightforward and cost-effective approaches to mitigate the escalating issu...
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A significant challenge in the recycling of plastics is the separation of various polymers. Mechanical recycling represents one of the most straightforward and cost-effective approaches to mitigate the escalating issue of plastic pollution. Unfortunately, the inevitable presence of mixed plastics in the waste stream and their phase separation always result in suboptimal properties for mechanically recycled materials. Multi-block copolymers(MBCPs) compatibilization represents an efficient strategy to address this issue and for upcycling of mixed plastics. The key to the implementation of this strategy lies in the efficient syntheses and structural modifications of diverse MBCPs. Especially, very few synthetic routes have been reported for the synthesis of MBCPs containing polyolefin blocks. In this contribution, we present a cyclic-acyclic monomers metathesis polymerization(CAMMP)mediated strategy for the preparation of polyolefin containing MBCPs using commercially available or easily accessible telechelic diol polymers. These polyolefins containing MBCPs can efficiently serve as compatibilizer additives for the upcycling of mixtures of polyolefins and other plastics. The combination of great variety of telechelic diol polymers with the ease of microstructure modification during CAMMP synthesis makes this strategy attractive for future investigations and potential practical applications.
Monkeypox is an important health problem. Rapid diagnosis of monkeypox skin lesions and emergency isolation when necessary is essential. Also, some skin lesions, such as melanoma, can be fatal and must be rapidly dist...
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With the advent of the information security era,it is necessary to guarantee the privacy,accuracy,and dependable transfer of *** study presents a new approach to the encryption and compression of color *** is predicat...
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With the advent of the information security era,it is necessary to guarantee the privacy,accuracy,and dependable transfer of *** study presents a new approach to the encryption and compression of color *** is predicated on 2D compressed sensing(CS)and the hyperchaotic ***,an optimized Arnold scrambling algorithm is applied to the initial color images to ensure strong ***,the processed images are con-currently encrypted and compressed using 2D *** them,chaotic sequences replace traditional random measurement matrices to increase the system’s ***,the processed images are re-encrypted using a combination of permutation and diffusion *** addition,the 2D projected gradient with an embedding decryption(2DPG-ED)algorithm is used to reconstruct *** with the traditional reconstruction algorithm,the 2DPG-ED algorithm can improve security and reduce computational ***,it has better *** experimental outcome and the performance analysis indicate that this algorithm can withstand malicious attacks and prove the method is effective.
This article presents a dual-band switchable and tunable band-pass filter for Bluetooth and 5G NR applications. The filter functions at 2.41 GHz for Bluetooth and 3.55 GHz for 5G, utilizing independent switching and t...
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This paper focuses on the problems of point cloud deep neural networks in classification and segmentation tasks, including losing important information during down-sampling, ignoring relationships among points when ex...
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This paper focuses on the problems of point cloud deep neural networks in classification and segmentation tasks, including losing important information during down-sampling, ignoring relationships among points when extracting features, and network performance being susceptible to the sparsity of point cloud. To begin with, this paper proposes a farthest point sampling-important points sampling method for down-sampling, which can preserve important information of point clouds and maintain the geometry of input data. Then, the local feature relation aggregating method is proposed for feature extraction, improving the network's ability to learn contextual information and extract rich local region features. Based on these methods, the important points feature aggregating net(IPFA-Net) is designed for point cloud classification and segmentation tasks. Furthermore, this paper proposes the multi-scale multi-density feature connecting method to reduce the negative impact of point cloud data sparsity on network performance. Finally, the effectiveness of IPFA-Net is demonstrated through experiments on ModelNet40, ShapeNet part, and ScanNet v2 datasets. IPFA-Net is robust to reducing the number of point clouds, with only a 3.3% decrease in accuracy under a 16-fold reduction of point number. In the part segmentation experiments, our method achieves the best segmentation performance for five objects.
To prevent irreversible damage to one’s eyesight,ocular diseases(ODs)need to be recognized and treated *** fundus imaging(CFI)is a screening technology that is both effective and *** to CFIs,the early stages of the d...
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To prevent irreversible damage to one’s eyesight,ocular diseases(ODs)need to be recognized and treated *** fundus imaging(CFI)is a screening technology that is both effective and *** to CFIs,the early stages of the disease are characterized by a paucity of observable symptoms,which necessitates the prompt creation of automated and robust diagnostic *** traditional research focuses on image-level diagnostics that attend to the left and right eyes in isolation without making use of pertinent correlation data between the two sets of *** addition,they usually only target one or a few different kinds of eye diseases at the same *** this study,we design a patient-level multi-label OD(PLML_ODs)classification model that is based on a spatial correlation network(SCNet).This model takes into consideration the relevance of patient-level diagnosis combining bilateral eyes and multi-label ODs ***_ODs is made up of three parts:a backbone convolutional neural network(CNN)for feature extraction i.e.,DenseNet-169,a SCNet for feature correlation,and a classifier for the development of classification *** DenseNet-169 is responsible for retrieving two separate sets of attributes,one from each of the left and right *** then,the SCNet will record the correlations between the two feature sets on a pixel-by-pixel *** the attributes have been analyzed,they are integrated to provide a representation at the patient *** the whole process of ODs categorization,the patient-level representation will be *** efficacy of the PLML_ODs is examined using a soft margin loss on a dataset that is readily accessible to the public,and the results reveal that the classification performance is significantly improved when compared to several baseline approaches.
Anticipating the imminent surge of retired lithium-ion batteries(R-LIBs)from electric vehicles,the need for safe,cost-effective and environmentally friendly disposal technologies has *** paper seeks to offer a compreh...
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Anticipating the imminent surge of retired lithium-ion batteries(R-LIBs)from electric vehicles,the need for safe,cost-effective and environmentally friendly disposal technologies has *** paper seeks to offer a comprehensive overview of the entire disposal framework for R-LIBs,encompassing a broad spectrum of activities,including screening,repurposing and ***,we delve deeply into a thorough examination of current screening technologies,shifting the focus from a mere enumeration of screening methods to the exploration of the strategies for enhancing screening ***,we outline battery repurposing with associated key factors,summarizing stationary applications and sizing methods for R-LIBs in their second life.A particular light is shed on available reconditioning solutions,demonstrating their great potential in facilitating battery safety and lifetime in repurposing scenarios and identifying their techno-economic *** the realm of battery recycling,we present an extensive survey of pre-treatment options and subsequent material recovery ***,we introduce several global leading recyclers to illustrate their industrial processes and technical ***,relevant challenges and evolving trends are investigated in pursuit of a sustainable end-of-life management and disposal *** hope that this study can serve as a valuable resource for researchers,industry professionals and policymakers in this field,ultimately facilitating the adoption of proper disposal practices.
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