Artificial intelligence techniques are used in many areas today to find solutions to different problems. Scientists are trying to solve some problems in people’s daily lives using these techniques. To solve these pro...
详细信息
An air filter prototype was developed, in which a polyester fabric impregnated with activated carbon (10%) obtained from biomass (banana peels, wood sawdust) was used as the filter medium. FT-IR and XRD were used to c...
详细信息
Exploration strategy design is a challenging problem in reinforcement learning(RL),especially when the environment contains a large state space or sparse *** exploration,the agent tries to discover unexplored(novel)ar...
详细信息
Exploration strategy design is a challenging problem in reinforcement learning(RL),especially when the environment contains a large state space or sparse *** exploration,the agent tries to discover unexplored(novel)areas or high reward(quality)*** existing methods perform exploration by only utilizing the novelty of *** novelty and quality in the neighboring area of the current state have not been well utilized to simultaneously guide the agent’s *** address this problem,this paper proposes a novel RL framework,called clustered reinforcement learning(CRL),for efficient exploration in *** adopts clustering to divide the collected states into several clusters,based on which a bonus reward reflecting both novelty and quality in the neighboring area(cluster)of the current state is given to the *** leverages these bonus rewards to guide the agent to perform efficient ***,CRL can be combined with existing exploration strategies to improve their performance,as the bonus rewards employed by these existing exploration strategies solely capture the novelty of *** on four continuous control tasks and six hard-exploration Atari-2600 games show that our method can outperform other state-of-the-art methods to achieve the best performance.
The malfunctioning of cardiac autonomic control in epileptic patients develops ventricular tachyarrhythmia and causes sudden unexpected death in epilepsy patients (SUDEP). Various clinical studies investigated the eff...
详细信息
The malfunctioning of cardiac autonomic control in epileptic patients develops ventricular tachyarrhythmia and causes sudden unexpected death in epilepsy patients (SUDEP). Various clinical studies investigated the effect of epilepsy on cardiac autonomic control by performing heart rate variability (HRV) analysis;however, results are unclear regarding whether sympathetic, parasympathetic, or both branches of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) are affected in epilepsy and also the impact of anticonvulsant treatment on the ANS. This study follows the systematic protocols to investigate epilepsy and its anticonvulsant treatment on cardiac autonomic control by using linear and nonlinear HRV analysis measures. The electronic databases of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were used for the collection of studies. Initially, 1475 articles were identified whereas after 2-staged exclusion criteria, 33 studies were selected for execution of the review process and meta-analysis. For meta-analysis, four comparisons were performed (epilepsy patients): (1) controls (healthy subject with no history of epilepsy) versus untreated patients;(2) treated (patients under treatment that have a seizure) versus untreated patients;(3) controls versus treated patients;and (4) refractory versus well-controlled (epilepsy patients that were seizure-free for last 1 year). For treated and untreated patients, there was no significant difference whereas well-controlled patients presented higher values as compared to refractory patients. Meta-analysis was performed for the time-domain, frequency-domain, and nonlinear parameters. Untreated patients in comparison with controls presented significantly lower HF (high-frequency) and LF (low-frequency) values. These LF (g = − 0.9;95% CI − 1.48 to − 0.37) and HF (g = − 0.69;95% confidence interval (CI) − 1.24 to − 0.16) values were affirming suppressed both, vagal and sympathetic activity, respectively. Additionally, LF and HF value was increased in most o
In this study, Crayfish Optimization Algorithm (COA) was examined. COA, which simulates crayfish’s summer resort behavior, competition behavior, and foraging behavior. COA is a successful heuristic algorithm original...
详细信息
Real-world engineering design problems with complex objective functions under some constraints are relatively difficult problems to *** design problems are widely experienced in many engineering fields,such as industr...
详细信息
Real-world engineering design problems with complex objective functions under some constraints are relatively difficult problems to *** design problems are widely experienced in many engineering fields,such as industry,automotive,construction,machinery,and interdisciplinary ***,there are established optimization techniques that have shown effectiveness in addressing these types of *** research paper gives a comparative study of the implementation of seventeen new metaheuristic methods in order to optimize twelve distinct engineering design *** algorithms used in the study are listed as:transient search optimization(TSO),equilibrium optimizer(EO),grey wolf optimizer(GWO),moth-flame optimization(MFO),whale optimization algorithm(WOA),slimemould algorithm(SMA),harris hawks optimization(HHO),chimp optimization algorithm(COA),coot optimization algorithm(COOT),multi-verse optimization(MVO),arithmetic optimization algorithm(AOA),aquila optimizer(AO),sine cosine algorithm(SCA),smell agent optimization(SAO),and seagull optimization algorithm(SOA),pelican optimization algorithm(POA),and coati optimization algorithm(CA).As far as we know,there is no comparative analysis of recent and popular methods against the concrete conditions of real-world engineering ***,a remarkable research guideline is presented in the study for researchersworking in the fields of engineering and artificial intelligence,especiallywhen applying the optimization methods that have emerged *** research can rely on this work for a literature search on comparisons of metaheuristic optimization methods in real-world problems under similar conditions.
Climate change is an undeniable reality with far-reaching and profound implications for agriculture and, subsequently, global food security. The highly vulnerable farming communities in underdeveloped and developing c...
详细信息
Real-time systems experience many safety and performance issues at run time due to different uncertainties in the environment. Systems are now becoming highly interactive and must be able to execute in a changing envi...
详细信息
Real-time systems experience many safety and performance issues at run time due to different uncertainties in the environment. Systems are now becoming highly interactive and must be able to execute in a changing environment without experiencing any failure. A real-time system can have multiple modes of operation such as safety and performance. The system can satisfy its safety and performance requirements by switching between the modes at run time. It is essential for the designers to ensure that a multi-mode real-time system operates in the expected mode at run time. In this paper, we present a verification model that identifies the expected mode at run time and checks whether the multi-mode real-time system is operating in the correct mode or not. To determine the expected mode, we present a monitoring module that checks the environment of the system, identifies different real-world occurrences as events, determines their properties and creates an event-driven dataset for failure analysis. The dataset consumes less memory in comparison to the raw input data obtained from the monitored environment. The event-driven dataset also facilitates onboard decision-making because the dataset allows the system to perform a safety analysis by determining the probability of failure in each environmental situations. We use the probability of failure of the system to determine the safety mode in different environmental situations. To demonstrate the applicability of our proposed scheme, we design and implement a real-time traffic monitoring system that has two modes: safety, and performance. The experimental analysis of our work shows that the verification model can identify the expected operating mode at run time based on the safety (probability of failure) and performance (usage) requirements of the system as well as allows the system to operate in performance mode (in 3295 out of 3421 time intervals) and safety mode (in 126 out of 3421 time intervals). The experimental resul
Electric vehicles (EVs) are the most interesting and innovative technology in the 21st century because of theirenormous advantages, both technically and economically. Their emissions rate compared to fuel-based vehicl...
详细信息
Electric vehicles (EVs) are the most interesting and innovative technology in the 21st century because of theirenormous advantages, both technically and economically. Their emissions rate compared to fuel-based vehicles isnegligible as they do not consume fuel and hence do not emit any harmful gases. However, their bulk production,adoption and lack of charging stations increase the stress of power stations due to modern-day lifestyles. If Electricvehicles demand increases drastically then conventional power stations will not bear their demand and if theygenerate electricity by conventional means it will be very costly and may further add greenhouse gases. Therefore,this research provides the techno-economic assessment of a stand-alone renewable-dependent electric vehiclecharging station, excluding any burden on electrical utility. The proposed study is carried out in Bahria Town,Karachi, a city in Pakistan. In this study, HOMER Pro software was utilized for techno-economic assessment. Ahybrid system comprising solar Photovoltaic/Wind Turbine/Fuel cells and battery storage is included in the *** and wind resources were taken from NASA’s website, where charging stations will be integrated. The overallresults show promising in terms of total Net Present Cost and the Cost of Energy which are 2.72M $ and 0.237 $,respectively. The total system generation is 3,598 Megawatt hours per year, and the total energy consumption is 885Megawatt hours per year.
Content-based image retrieval (CBIR) using visual saliency in the pixel domain has shown promising retrieval results at lesser computational cost as features are extracted only from salient regions. CBIR in the JPEG c...
详细信息
暂无评论