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12th International Symposium on Digital Forensics and Security, ISDFS 2024

作者： Kokcam, Omer Mirac Boyaci, Aytug Colak, Muhammed Emre Firat University Faculty of Technology Department of Software Engineering Elaziǧ Turkey National Defence University Department of Computer Engineering Air Force Academy İstanbul Turkey Firat University Faculty of Engineering Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Engineering Elaziǧ Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9798350330366

Brain tumors are abnormal cell growths that occur in various parts of the brain, and the accurate classification of these tumors plays a critical role in determining treatment methods. Classification and diagnosis of brain tumors based on artificial intelligence and deep learning models have been made possible due to advances in medical image processing technologies. For instance, such technologies facilitate quick detection of tumors by health experts thereby improving early diagnosis rate and hence enhancing treatment outcomes. Importantly, however, one considers improvement or breakthroughs in artificial intelligence-based classification systems as a crucial step forward towards brain tumor diagnosis as well as its treatment strategy. In this study we use Google Research's ImageNet-21k pre-trained ResNet50 model for classifying brain tumor cases. This model is a deep learning-based image classification tool and is capable of learning from large data sets. The model is specifically trained for high-resolution image recognition and is designed to achieve high accuracy rates. The results showed a classification accuracy of 99.9 percent, which is an exceptional accuracy rate for this model. This accuracy rate indicates that the model is highly effective in detecting and classifying brain tumors. High accuracy rates allow for early diagnosis of patients' diseases and, as it is often said in medicine, 'Early Diagnosis Saves Lives'. This result is one of the many proofs of how effective artificial intelligence and deep learning are in medical image analysis. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Medical imaging

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A Case Study on Blockchain-based Anonymous Reviewer Incentive Token (BARIT)

A Case Study on Blockchain-based Anonymous Reviewer Incentiv...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, SMC 2024

作者： Shrestha, Pratiksha Bhunia, Suman Carvalho, Arthur Anderson, Chad Lee, Gabe Miami University Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering OxfordOH United States Farmer School of Business Miami University OxfordOH United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781665410205

Peer review is an integral part of academic publication and is necessary to maintain high standards and novelty of published research. Despite its importance, peer reviewers are rarely provided incentives, leading to journals having difficulty finding reviewers inclined to accept invitations and submit reviews on time. This paper proposes a Blockchain-based Anonymous Reviewer Incentive Token (BARIT) to incentivize peer reviewers. BARIT introduces flexible incentive schemes to provide both recognition and tangible benefits for the reviewers' contribution while preserving the anonymity of reviewers. Using blockchain technology to record reward tokens ensures their permanence and acceptance across different publishers. Incentive models are designed to encourage the involvement of researchers as reviewers, reduce reviewer refusal rates, and prompt the timely submission of review reports. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Blockchain

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DocTTT: Test-Time Training for Handwritten Document Recognition Using Meta-Auxiliary Learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Gu, Wenhao Gu, Li Wang, Ziqiang Suen, Ching Yee Wang, Yang Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Concordia University Canada

Despite recent significant advancements in Handwritten Document Recognition (HDR), the efficient and accurate recognition of text against complex backgrounds, diverse handwriting styles, and varying document layouts remains a practical challenge. Moreover, this issue is seldom addressed in academic research, particularly in scenarios with minimal annotated data available. In this paper, we introduce the DocTTT framework to address these challenges. The key innovation of our approach is that it uses test-time training to adapt the model to each specific input during testing. We propose a novel Meta-Auxiliary learning approach that combines Meta-learning and self-supervised Masked Autoencoder (MAE). During testing, we adapt the visual representation parameters using a self-supervised MAE loss. During training, we learn the model parameters using a meta-learning framework, so that the model parameters are learned to adapt to a new input effectively. Experimental results show that our proposed method significantly outperforms existing state-of-the-art approaches on benchmark datasets. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Self-supervised learning

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Performance Analysis of Lightweight Ciphers for securing images

Performance Analysis of Lightweight Ciphers for securing ima...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on Modelling, Simulation and Intelligent Computing, MoSICom 2023

作者： Nekkanti, Keerthan Sumanth, Lade Sai Renuka, A. Supriya, Musica Kumar, Arun Manipal Institute of Technology Manipal Academy of Higher Education Department of Computer Science and Engineering Karnataka Manipal India YooBee College of Creative Innovation Department of Computer and Software Engineering Auckland New Zealand

ISBN: (纸本)9798350393415

In the digital age, the security of sensitive information and data has become a paramount concern. The modern conventional encryption algorithms are very efficient, but they are very complex and need a lot of resources. This has led to the development and implementation of lightweight ciphers designed specifically for image encryption. Four algorithms namely Present, Lightweight encryption Algorithm (LEA), Twine and Secure IoT(SIT) are implemented to encrypt and decrypt images and their performance is analyzed. The correlation values of the images before encryption is found to be around 0.9 showing strong correlation whereas after encryption it is found to be very less in the range oof 0.0005 which clearly shows the randomization of the pixels and hence good security. The execution times was less than one second for LEA algorithm and hence efficient for multimedia applications. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Cryptography

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FEW-SHOT LEARNING AS CLUSTER-INDUCED VORONOI DIAGRAMS: A GEOMETRIC APPROACH 10

FEW-SHOT LEARNING AS CLUSTER-INDUCED VORONOI DIAGRAMS: A GEO...

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10th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2022

作者： Ma, Chunwei Huang, Ziyun Gao, Mingchen Xu, Jinhui Department of Computer Science and Engineering University at Buffalo United States Computer Science and Software Engineering Penn State Erie United States

Few-shot learning (FSL) is the process of rapid generalization from abundant base samples to inadequate novel samples. Despite extensive research in recent years, FSL is still not yet able to generate satisfactory solutions for a wide range of real-world applications. To confront this challenge, we study the FSL problem from a geometric point of view in this paper. One observation is that the widely embraced ProtoNet model is essentially a Voronoi Diagram (VD) in the feature space. We retrofit it by making use of a recent advance in computational geometry called Cluster-induced Voronoi Diagram (CIVD). Starting from the simplest nearest neighbor model, CIVD gradually incorporates cluster-to-point and then cluster-to-cluster relationships for space subdivision, which is used to improve the accuracy and robustness at multiple stages of FSL. Specifically, we use CIVD (1) to integrate parametric and nonparametric few-shot classifiers;(2) to combine feature representation and surrogate representation;(3) and to leverage feature-level, transformation-level, and geometry-level heterogeneities for a better ensemble. Our CIVD-based workflow enables us to achieve new state-of-the-art results on mini-ImageNet, CUB, and tiered-ImagenNet datasets, with ∼2%-5% improvements upon the next best. To summarize, CIVD provides a mathematically elegant and geometrically interpretable framework that compensates for extreme data insufficiency, prevents overfitting, and allows for fast geometric ensemble for thousands of individual VD. These together make FSL stronger. © 2022 ICLR 2022 - 10th International Conference on Learning Representationss. All rights reserved.

关键词： Computational geometry

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A Systematic Review of Approaches for Reviewing Security-Related Aspects in Agile Requirements Specification of Web Applications

A Systematic Review of Approaches for Reviewing Security-Rel...

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2023 Congress in computer science, computer engineering, and Applied Computing, CSCE 2023

作者： Munir, Aqsa Assiri, Mohammed Alam, Saba Naveed Khan, Muzna Butt, Wasi Haider Humayun, Mamoona Department of Computer and Software Engineering Islamabad Pakistan College of Sciences and Humanities Aflaj Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Department of Computer Science Saudi Arabia College of Computer Engineering and Sciences Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Department of Software Engineering Saudi Arabia College of Computer and Information Sciences Jouf University Department of Information Systems Al-Jouf Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350327595

Imperfections in requirement specification can cause serious issues during software development life cycle. It might bring about inferior quality products due to missing attributes, for example, security. Specifically, Web Applications are considered as obvious target for getting significant information. Security aspects have gotten hard to manage in web applications because security requirements are not regularly seen appropriately and often details are missing which lead into ill-characterized security-related aspects. With the help of systemic literature review (SLR), we have identified 32 major research works which were published in period of year 2010 to 2020. We identified 38 security-related aspects of web applications and also 13 techniques and tools for security related aspects in agile requirement specification. We have also analyzed 22 challenges in reviewing security related aspects in agile development life cycle. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Agile software development Quality requirements Requirement engineering Security specification Web applications

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Explainable AI for Healthcare: An Approach Towards Interpretable Healthcare Models 24

Explainable AI for Healthcare: An Approach Towards Interpret...

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24th International Arab Conference on Information Technology, ACIT 2023

作者： Zahoor, Kanwal Bawany, Narmeen Zakaria Ghani, Usman Jinnah University for Women Institute of Business Administration Center for Computing Research Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Karachi Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350384307

Artificial intelligence (AI) along with deep learning techniques has become an integral part of almost all aspects of life. One of the domains significantly impacted by this technological revolution is healthcare. Deep learning-based AI systems assist clinicians and medical professionals in disease diagnosis, personalized treatment, and monitoring through wearables, among other applications. Despite its expedient integration in healthcare, the trustworthiness of deep learning models remains a concern, primarily due to a lack of understanding of their underlying processes. However, Explainable AI (XAI) offers explanations through various methods, including Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations (LIME), Shapley Additive explanation (SHAP), and GRAD-CAM. XAI is utilized to enhance transparency, allowing users to understand and trust AI decisions. In this study, we present deep learning models for the classification of pneumonia disease in Chest X-ray Images followed by their explanations. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and other pre-trained models, including VGG16, MobileNetV3, and ResNet50, were used for classification of images as 'normal' or 'pneumonia'. The VGG16 model, known for its exceptional image understanding capabilities, achieved the highest accuracy, with an impressive 93% score. Further, we used XAI techniques including SHAP, LIME, and Grad-CAM for explanation of models. LIME and Grad-CAM provided more accurate results than SHAP in our experiments. This approach was taken to evaluate the fairness and transparency of the model. The insights gained from XAI can be used to refine and improve machine learning models by identifying areas of weakness or misinterpretation which increases overall model robustness. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Deep learning Explainable AI Grad-CAM Healthcare LIME SHAP Transfer learning

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GPT-Based Models Meet Simulation: How to Efficiently use Large-Scale Pre-Trained Language Models Across Simulation Tasks

GPT-Based Models Meet Simulation: How to Efficiently use Lar...

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2023 Winter Simulation Conference, WSC 2023

作者： Giabbanelli, Philippe J. Miami University Department of Computer Science & Software Engineering 501 East High Street OxfordOH45056 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369663

The disruptive technology provided by large-scale pre-trained language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT or GPT-4 has received significant attention in several application domains, often with an emphasis on high-level opportunities and concerns. This paper is the first examination regarding the use of LLMs for scientific simulations. We focus on four modeling and simulation tasks, each time assessing the expected benefits and limitations of LLMs while providing practical guidance for modelers regarding the steps involved. The first task is devoted to explaining the structure of a conceptual model to promote the engagement of participants in the modeling process. The second task focuses on summarizing simulation outputs, so that model users can identify a preferred scenario. The third task seeks to broaden accessibility to simulation platforms by conveying the insights of simulation visualizations via text. Finally, the last task evokes the possibility of explaining simulation errors and providing guidance to resolve them. © 2023 IEEE.

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Enhancing Energy Efficiency in WSNs with Hybrid LEACH-D and ANN

Enhancing Energy Efficiency in WSNs with Hybrid LEACH-D and ...

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2024 Multimedia University engineering Conference, MECON 2024

作者： Qamar, Muhammad Salman Haq, Ihsan Ul Munir, Muhammad Fahad Roslee, Mardeni Bin Awan, Adnan Anwar Waseem, Athar International Islamic University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Islamabad Pakistan Multimedia University Centre for Wireless Technology Faculty of Engineering Cyberjaya63100 Malaysia School of Engineering California Polytechnic State University Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering San Luis ObispoCA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331530747

This paper explores strategies to improve the energy efficiency and operational longevity of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) through the optimization of clustering techniques and energy efficient routing protocols. The proposed methodology is precisely crafted to optimize energy consumption (EC) while preserving the overall effectiveness of WSNs. LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Cluster Hierarchy) is a cluster-based protocol where non-cluster head nodes deactivate their RF until their allocated time slots. Nevertheless, a drawback of traditional LEACH is its random rotation of local Cluster Heads (CH), leading to unequal cluster distribution. To overcome this issue, we proposed a novel hybrid technique called LEACH-D protocol and Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The LEACH-D algorithm enhances the duration of transmission tasks while ensuring uniform battery energy consumption. On the other hand, the ANN plays a pivotal role in coordinating optimal routing decisions and CH placement, refining data aggregation and transmission mechanisms to restrain idle listening. The findings indicate that the suggested approach manifests as substantial reductions in energy consumption and prolonged network lifespan of WSN. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Sensor nodes

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Dispatching Shots Among Multiple Quantum computers: An Architectural Proposal 4

Dispatching Shots Among Multiple Quantum Computers: An Archi...

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4th IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and engineering, QCE 2023

作者： Bisicchia, Giuseppe Garcia-Alonso, Jose Murillo, Juan M. Brogi, Antonio University of Pisa Department of Computer Science Pisa Italy University of Extremadura Quercus Software Engineering Group Cáceres Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9798350343236

Quantum Computing is continuously evolving and expanding. As time goes by, more and more Quantum computer implementations become available, each of them with their own features. In such a scenario, it can be difficult for developers to identify which Quantum computer is the most suitable for their needs. In this paper, different from current works presenting strategies to select only one Quantum computer, we propose a change of perspective. Indeed, due to the probabilistic nature of Quantum Mechanics, performing a computation in a Quantum computer usually requires iterating the same execution many times (called shots), to eventually end with a distribution of the final results. Leveraging this need, our architecture enables selecting many Quantum computers for the same circuit and spreading the shots among them. Such a mechanism offers also the possibility for developers to access the partial distributions obtained from the output of a subset of the selected computers. Finally, our architecture proposes to decouple the decision process from the actual execution of such a decision, by enabling developers to encode their specific custom policies. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： software engineering

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