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34th Medical Informatics Europe Conference, MIE 2024

作者： Ben Shahar, Bruria Shahar, Yuval Jaffe, Shai Cohen, Odeya Shalom, Erez Selivanova, Maya Rimon, Ephraim Goldstein, Ayelet Department of Software and Information Systems Engineering Ben-Gurion University Israel Department of Nursing Faculty of Health Sciences Ben-Gurion University Israel Nursing Informatics lab Faculty of Health Sciences Ben-Gurion University Israel Herzfeld Geriatric Rehabilitation Medical Center Clalit Health Services Israel Department of Computer Science Hadassah Academic College Jerusalem Israel

ISBN: (纸本)9781643685335

Medical errors contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality, emphasizing the critical role of Clinical Guidelines (GLs) in patient care. Automating GL application can enhance GL adherence, improve patient outcomes, and reduce costs. However, several barriers exist to GL implementation and real-time automated support. Challenges include creating a formalized, machine-comprehensible GL representation, and an episodic decision-support system for sporadic treatment advice. This system must accommodate the non-continuous nature of care delivery, including partial actions or partially met treatment goals. We describe the design and implementation of an episodic GL-based clinical decision support system and its retrospective technical evaluation using patient records from a geriatric center. Initial evaluation scores of the e-Picard system were promising, with a mean 94% correctness and 90% completeness based on 50 random pressure ulcer patients. Errors were mainly due to knowledge specification, algorithmic issues, and missing data. Post-corrections, scores improved to 100% correctness and a mean 97% completeness, with missing data still affecting completeness. The results validate the system's capability to assess guideline adherence and provide quality recommendations. Despite initial limitations, we have demonstrated the feasibility of providing, through the e-Picard episodic algorithm, realistic medical decision-making support for noncontinuous, intermittent consultations. © 2024 The Authors.

关键词： Random errors

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Runtime Backdoor Detection for Federated Learning via Representational Dissimilarity Analysis

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IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing 2025年

作者： Zhang, Xiyue Xue, Xiaoyong Du, Xiaoning Xie, Xiaofei Liu, Yang Sun, Meng University of Oxford Department of Computer Science United Kingdom Peking University Department of Information and Computing Science School of Mathematical Science China Monash University Department of Software Systems and Cybersecurity Australia Singapore Management University School of Computing and Information Systems Singapore Nanyang Technological University School of Computer Science and Engineering Singapore

Federated learning (FL), as a powerful learning paradigm, trains a shared model by aggregating model updates from distributed clients. However, the decoupling of model learning from local data makes FL highly vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where a single compromised client can poison the shared model. While recent progress has been made in backdoor detection, existing methods face challenges with detection accuracy and runtime effectiveness, particularly when dealing with complex model architectures. In this work, we propose a novel approach to detecting malicious clients in an accurate, stable, and efficient manner. Our method utilizes a sampling-based network representation method to quantify dissimilarities between clients, identifying model deviations caused by backdoor injections. We also propose an iterative algorithm to progressively detect and exclude malicious clients as outliers based on these dissimilarity measurements. Evaluations across a range of benchmark tasks demonstrate that our approach outperforms state-of-the-art methods in detection accuracy and defense effectiveness. When deployed for runtime protection, our approach effectively eliminates backdoor injections with marginal overheads. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Federated learning

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Using Formal Knowledge to Support Episodic Evidence-Based Nursing Care

Using Formal Knowledge to Support Episodic Evidence-Based Nu...

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34th Medical Informatics Europe Conference, MIE 2024

作者： Jaffe, Shai Ben Shahar, Bruria Shahar, Yuval Goldstein, Ayelet Shalom, Erez Selivanova, Maya Rimon, Ephraim Cohen, Odeya Department of Nursing Faculty of Health Sciences Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Israel Nursing Informatics lab Faculty of Health Sciences Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Israel Department of Software and Information Systems Engineering Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Israel Computer Science Department Hadassah Academic College Israel Herzfeld Geriatric Rehabilitation Medical Center Israel

ISBN: (纸本)9781643685335

Applying evidence-based medicine prevents medical errors highlighting the need for applying Clinical Guidelines (CGs) to improve patient care by nurses. However, nurses often face challenges in utilizing CGs due to patient-specific needs. Developing a Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) can provide real-time context-sensitive CG-based recommendations. Therefore, there is a need to acquire and represent CGs in a machine-applicable manner. Also, there is a need to be able to provide recommendations episodically, only when requested, and not continuously, and to assess previous partial performance of evidence-based actions on a continuous scale. This study evaluated the feasibility of acquiring and representing major nursing CGs, in a machine-applicable manner for episodic use. Using data from an Israeli geriatric center, the results suggest that an episodic CDSS effectively supports the application of formalized nursing knowledge. © 2024 The Authors.

关键词： Nursing

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SmartEdge: Smart Healthcare End-to-End Integrated Edge and Cloud Computing System for Diabetes Prediction Enabled by Ensemble Machine Learning

SmartEdge: Smart Healthcare End-to-End Integrated Edge and C...

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IEEE International Conference on Cloud Computing Technology and Science (CloudCom)

作者： Alain Hennebelle Qifan Dieng Leila Ismail Rajkumar Buyya Independent Researcher in Information Technology Systems and Artificial Intelligence Applications Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Cloud Computing and Distributed Systems (CLOUDS) Lab School of Computing and Information Systems University of Melbourne Melbourne Australia Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Intelligent Distributed Computing and Systems (INDUCE) Lab College of Information Technology Emirates Center for Mobility Research National Water and Energy Center UAE University Al-Ain Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (数字)9798331507589

ISBN: (纸本)9798331507596

The Internet of Things (IoT) revolutionizes smart city domains such as healthcare, transportation, industry, and education. The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) is gaining prominence, particularly in smart hospitals and Remote Patient Monitoring (RPM). The vast volume of data generated by IoMT devices should be analyzed in real-time for health surveillance, prognosis, and prediction of diseases. Current approaches relying on Cloud computing to provide the necessary computing and storage capabilities do not scale for these latency-sensitive applications. Edge computing emerges as a solution by bringing cloud services closer to IoMT devices. This paper introduces SmartEdge, an AI-powered smart healthcare end-to-end integrated edge and cloud computing system for diabetes prediction. This work addresses latency concerns and demonstrates the efficacy of edge resources in healthcare applications within an end-to-end system. The system leverages various risk factors for diabetes prediction. We propose an Edge and Cloud-enabled framework to deploy the proposed diabetes prediction models on various configurations using edge nodes and main cloud servers. Performance metrics are evaluated using, latency, accuracy, and response time. By using ensemble machine learning voting algorithms we can improve the prediction accuracy by 5% versus a single model prediction.

关键词： Cloud computing Accuracy Smart cities Computational modeling Transportation industry Surveillance Machine learning Predictive models Diabetes Time factors

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Emotion Classification Through Speech Data Analysis

Emotion Classification Through Speech Data Analysis

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Simulation Winter Conference

作者： Luzalen Marcos Kristiina Valter Mai Abdolreza Abhari Resilience Engineering Lab Department of Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering Toronto Metropolitan University Ontario Canada Department of Computer Science Distributed Systems and Multimedia Processing (DSMP) Lab Toronto Metropolitan University Ontario Canada

Good quality healthcare services require effective communication between the patient and the healthcare provider. This work will help improve the areas of healthcare systems automation and optimization by applying Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) in health consultations to prevent miscommunication between patients and healthcare providers. Crowd-Sourced Emotional Multimodal Actors Dataset (CREMA-D) was used to compare the performances of different machine learning models in classifying emotions. Before feeding the raw dataset to the models, exploratory data analysis was done to determine features that should be considered for future analysis. Our results showed that depending on the emotion, there are some syllables in the text that were emphasized or took time to be pronounced by the speaker. After data analysis, the dataset was fed into different models and determined that the Support Vector Machine (SVM) is a machine-learning model for SER.

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UVM Based Verification Framework for Deep Learning Hardware Accelerator: Case Study

UVM Based Verification Framework for Deep Learning Hardware ...

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Electrical, computer and Energy Technologies (ICECET), International Conference on

作者： Randa Aboudeif Tasneem A. Awaad Mohamed AbdElsalam Yehea Ismail Electronics and Communications Engineering Department The American University in Cairo Siemens Digital Industries Software Cairo Egypt Department of Computer and Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering Siemens Digital Industries Software Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt Siemens Digital Industries Software Cairo Egypt Electronics and Communications Engineering Department The American University in Cairo Cairo Egypt

ISBN: (数字)9798350395914

ISBN: (纸本)9798350395921

Hardware Verification of Deep Learning Accelerators (DLAs) has become critically important for testing the reliability and trustworthiness of Learning Enabled Autonomous systems (LEAS). In this paper, we introduce a scalable, reusable, and efficient hardware verification framework for DLAs using the Universal verification methodology (UVM). The verification environment is focused on testing the inference functionality of the perception module in LEAS for different DLA designs. Moreover, the verification environment is portable across simulation and hardware-assisted verification platforms for emulation and FPGA prototyping. To assess our proposed UVM design methodology, we have applied it to the Nvidia Deep Learning Accelerator (NVDLA), an open-source core for DLAs as a case study.

关键词： Deep learning Runtime Design methodology Emulation Stability analysis Convolutional neural networks Reliability Hardware acceleration Field programmable gate arrays Testing

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Structural Reliability of a Multipath Routing Network with Reconfigurations when Switching Routes

Structural Reliability of a Multipath Routing Network with R...

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2022 International Russian Automation Conference, RusAutoCon 2022

作者： Bogatyrev, Vladimir Anatolievich Le, Anh Tu Abramova, Evgenia Alexandrovna Saint-Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation Department Information Systems Security Saint Petersburg Russia University Itmo Faculty of Software Engineering and Computer Technology Saint Petersburg Russia

ISBN: (数字)9781665466554

ISBN: (纸本)9781665466554

The reliability of data transmission is one of the most important factors in building network models. The need for timely delivery of packets to the user leads to the search for new methods to improve the configuration of network structures. A study of the possibility to improve the structural reliability of multipath routing networks in the presence of request sources with full and non-full connection to a set of network paths has been conducted. Improving the reliability and fault tolerance of multipath routing networks is based on a configuration that allows new routes to be formed as a result of using segments of existing paths that have remained connected after failures. The investigated possibility of increasing the reliability of a multipath network is achieved by optimizing the placement of route switch nodes. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Network routing

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A Smart Assistive Device for the Blind People 7th

A Smart Assistive Device for the Blind People

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7th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology for Competitive Strategies , ICTCS 2022

作者： Valarmathi, B. Gupta, N. Srinivasa Chellatamilan, T. Santhi, K. Reddy, R. Hemadri Department of Software and Systems Engineering School of Information Technology and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Tamil Nadu Vellore India Department of Manufacturing School of Mechanical Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Tamil Nadu Vellore India Department of Analytics School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Tamil Nadu Vellore India Department of Mathematics School of Advanced Sciences Vellore Institute of Technology Tamil Nadu Vellore India

ISBN: (纸本)9789811996375

Mobility is the biggest issue for blind individuals. In order to move around, they must rely on others. Therefore, we are creating a navigational aid for blind people, to help the blind people in the world from various difficulties they face in day-to-day life. The World Health Organization (WHO) reported that a survey was conducted in 2014 and that there are an estimated 285 million visually impaired persons worldwide, of which 37 million are blind, with over 15 million of them being Indian. The majority of blind persons depend on other people for their activities since INDIA accounts for 21% of the global population of blind people (Khanam et al. in Int J Adv Res Sci Eng 7:195–199, 2018). Smart shoes play an important role. Obstacle detection is performed using ultrasonic sensor which is also done by many people in the previous projects or researches. The new concept that is included in this paper is that it can also detect any flame and potholes around the person using flame sensor and ultrasonic sensor, respectively. And we use shock sensor to detect any shock that occurs. If the smart assistive device or smart shoes senses an object, a pothole, a fire (from about three feet away), or a shock in front of the user, a buzzer will sound. These sensors are integrated using Arduino Uno. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Obstacle detectors

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Hybrid Multi-Strategy Aquila Optimization with Deep Learning Driven Crop Type Classification on Hyperspectral Images

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computer systems Science & engineering 2023年第10期47卷 375-391页

作者： Sultan Alahmari Saud Yonbawi Suneetha Racharla ELaxmi Lydia Mohamad Khairi Ishak Hend Khalid Alkahtani Ayman Aljarbouh Samih M.Mostafa King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology P.O Box 6086Riyadh 11442Saudi Arabia Department of Software Engineering College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of JeddahJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of AIML Aditya Engineering CollegeSurempallemAndhra PradeshIndia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Vignan’s Institute of Information TechnologyVisakhapatnam530049India School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Engineering CampusUniversiti Sains Malaysia(USM)Nibong TebalPenang14300Malaysia Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science University of Central AsiaNaryn722600Kyrgyzstan Faculty of Computers and Information South Valley UniversityQena83523Egypt

Hyperspectral imaging instruments could capture detailed spatial information and rich spectral signs of observed *** spatial information and spectral signatures of hyperspectral images(HSIs)present greater potential for detecting and classifying fine *** accurate classification of crop kinds utilizing hyperspectral remote sensing imaging(RSI)has become an indispensable application in the agricultural *** is significant for the prediction and growth monitoring of crop *** the deep learning(DL)techniques,Convolution Neural Network(CNN)was the best method for classifying HSI for their incredible local contextual modeling ability,enabling spectral and spatial feature *** article designs a Hybrid Multi-Strategy Aquila Optimization with a Deep Learning-Driven Crop Type Classification(HMAODL-CTC)algorithm *** proposed HMAODL-CTC model mainly intends to categorize different types of crops on *** accomplish this,the presented HMAODL-CTC model initially carries out image preprocessing to improve image *** addition,the presented HMAODL-CTC model develops dilated convolutional neural network(CNN)for feature *** hyperparameter tuning of the dilated CNN model,the HMAO algorithm is ***,the presented HMAODL-CTC model uses an extreme learning machine(ELM)model for crop type classification.A comprehensive set of simulations were performed to illustrate the enhanced performance of the presented HMAODL-CTC *** comparison studies reported the improved performance of the presented HMAODL-CTC algorithm over other compared methods.

关键词： Crop type classification hyperspectral images agricultural monitoring deep learning metaheuristics

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A Light Field Image Quality Assessment Method Based on Stereo Vision

A Light Field Image Quality Assessment Method Based on Stere...

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2022 IEEE International Conference on Unmanned systems, ICUS 2022

作者： Fu, Wei Shen, Xingfa Zhou, Wenhui Zhdanov, Andrei D. Geng, Chuntong Itmo Joint Institute Hangzhou Dianzi University Department of Computer Science Hangzhou China School of Computer Science and Technology Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou China Itmo University Faculty of Software Engineering and Computer Systems St.Petersburg Russia

ISBN: (数字)9781665484565

ISBN: (纸本)9781665484565

Light field imaging is an important achievement in visual information exploration in recent years, which can capture more abundant visual information from the real world. However, most existing light field image quality assessment (LF-IQA) indicators rely heavily on feature extraction based on high complexity statistics in quality evaluation tasks, which is not comprehensive in future modern applications or power-limited devices. To solve this problem, the research puts forward a light field image quality evaluation method based on stereo vision. By introducing a brand-new light field image coding method and training the neural network, the purpose of image quality evaluation is finally achieved. Some experiments show that our model achieves good results in open source data sets. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Stereo vision

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