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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhu, Yuanyang Wang, Zhi Zhu, Yuanheng Chen, Chunlin Zhao, Dongbin The Department of Control Science and Intelligent Engineering School of Management and Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing210093 China The Research Center for Novel Technology of Intelligent Equipment Nanjing University Nanjing210093 China The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China The School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China

For on-policy reinforcement learning, discretizing action space for continuous control can easily express multiple modes and is straightforward to optimize. However, without considering the inherent ordering between the discrete atomic actions, the explosion in the number of discrete actions can possess undesired properties and induce a higher variance for the policy gradient estimator. In this paper, we introduce a straightforward architecture that addresses this issue by constraining the discrete policy to be unimodal using Poisson probability distributions. This unimodal architecture can better leverage the continuity in the underlying continuous action space using explicit unimodal probability distributions. We conduct extensive experiments to show that the discrete policy with the unimodal probability distribution provides significantly faster convergence and higher performance for on-policy reinforcement learning algorithms in challenging control tasks, especially in highly complex tasks such as Humanoid. We provide theoretical analysis on the variance of the policy gradient estimator, which suggests that our attentively designed unimodal discrete policy can retain a lower variance and yield a stable learning process. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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A Novel Agricultural Data Sharing Mode Based on Rice Disease Identification

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Plant Diseases and Pests 2024年第2期15卷 9-16页

作者： Mengmeng ZHANG Xiujuan WANG Mengzhen KANG Jing HUA Haoyu WANG Feiyue WANG State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Beijing Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Systems and Technology Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Faculty of Innovation Engineering Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao 999078China State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex System Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

In this paper,a variety of classical convolutional neural networks are trained on two different datasets using transfer learning *** demonstrated that the training dataset has a significant impact on the training results,in addition to the optimization achieved through the model ***,the lack of open-source agricultural data,combined with the absence of a comprehensive open-source data sharing platform,remains a substantial *** issue is closely related to the difficulty and high cost of obtaining high-quality agricultural data,the low level of education of most employees,underdeveloped distributed training systems and unsecured data *** address these challenges,this paper proposes a novel idea of constructing an agricultural data sharing platform based on a federated learning(FL)framework,aiming to overcome the deficiency of high-quality data in agricultural field training.

关键词： Rice disease and pest identification Convolutional neural networks Distributed training Federated learning(FL) Open-source data sharing platform

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Design of a novel flexible assistive hand exoskeleton 37

Design of a novel flexible assistive hand exoskeleton

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37th Youth Academic Annual Conference of Chinese Association of Automation, YAC 2022

作者： Li, Guotao Cheng, Long Gao, Zhengrun Lu, Jilong Zhao, Yanjiang Institute of Automation State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Fudan University The National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine Shanghai China Harbin University of Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Intelligent Technology Ministry of Education Harbin150080 China Intelligent Machine Institute Harbin University of Science and Technology Harbin150080 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665465366

Hand paralysis caused by stroke, spinal cord injury, or neurological trauma has a significant impact on the independence and quality of life of the patients. The hand exoskeleton can provide hand assistance and improve the patient's grasp. In this article, a novel wearable flexible hand exoskeleton is proposed to assist users in activities of daily life. To create a simple and lightweight assistive hand exoskeleton, 3D printing is used to manufacture most of the components, and a remote drive system is designed to reduce the weight of the hand exoskeleton. A ball pair device and a slider device are used to ensure the freedom of the thumb and the adaptability of the hand exoskeleton to different hand sizes. Finally, the experiments are conducted to verify that the hand exoskeleton can achieve motion assistance. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： 3D printing

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Stealthy False Data Injection Attacks against Extended Kalman Filter Detection in Power Grids

Stealthy False Data Injection Attacks against Extended Kalma...

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2021 International Conference on Information, Cybernetics, and Computational Social systems, ICCSS 2021

作者： Liu, Yifa Xue, Wenchao He, Shuping Cheng, Long Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of Automation Beijing100190 China Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of System and Control Academy of Mathematics and System Science Beijing100190 China Anhui University School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Hefei230601 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665402453

The power grid is a kind of national critical infrastructure directly affiliated to human daily life. Because of the vital functions and potentially significant losses, the power grid becomes an excellent target for many malicious attacks. Due to the special nonlinear measurements, many detection methods do not match the grid very well. The extended Kalman filter based detection is one of the few methods suitable for nonlinear system detection, and therefore can be used in power system to spot malicious attacks. However, the reliability and effectiveness of the extended Kalman filter based detection have not been fully studied and adequately guaranteed. By proposing a two-step false data injection attack strategy, this paper gives a stealthy way to inject false data of increasing magnitude into the power grid, which can eventually cause a certain degree of deviation of the grid state without being detected. In the simulation, the method proposed in this paper caused a voltage deviation of more than 25% before being discovered in the power system. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Extended Kalman filters

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Gradient Projection Differential Neural Solution for Quadratic Optimization with Quadratic Constraints: An ACP Perspective

Gradient Projection Differential Neural Solution for Quadrat...

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IEEE International Conference on systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： Ying Liufu Mei Liu Long Jin Feiyue Wang School of Information Science and Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou China College of Computer Qinghai Normal University Xining China The State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

In recent years, quadratic optimizations have become increasingly popular in engineering. However, conventional methods that investigate this problem from the perspective of a canonical form with linear constraints are not effective in dealing with the significant challenges posed by quadratic constraints in practice. This paper proposes a solution framework for the quadratic optimization with quadratic constraints (QOQC) based on innovative artificial societies, computational experiments, and parallel execution (ACP) framework. Then, a gradient projection differential neural solution (GPDNS) is proposed to address this. To illustrate the effectiveness of the GPDNS model in solving the QOQC system, numerical simulations are provided. Overall, this paper presents the potential of innovative approaches like the ACP framework to enhance our capabilities in addressing challenging optimization systems.

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Visual fatigue assessment based on multi-task learning 31

Visual fatigue assessment based on multi-task learning

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31st Stereoscopic Displays and Applications Conference, SD and A 2020

作者： Wang, Danli Wang, Xueyu Song, Yaguang Xing, Qian Zheng, Nan State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

In recent years, with the rapid development of stereoscopic display technology, its applications have become increasingly popular in many fields, and, meanwhile, the number of audiences is also growing. The problem of visual fatigue is becoming more and more prominent. Visual fatigue is mainly caused by vergence-accommodation conflicts. An evaluation experiment was conducted, and the electroencephalogram (EEG) data of the subjects were collected when they were watching stereoscopic content, and then the stereoscopic fatigue state of the subjects during the viewing process was analyzed. As deep learning is proved to be an effective end-to-end learning method and multi-task learning can alleviate the problem of lacking annotated data, the authors establish a user visual fatigue assessment model based on EEG by using multi-task learning, which can effectively obtain the user's visual fatigue status, so as to make the comfort designs to avoid the harm caused by user's visual fatigue. © Society for Imaging Science and Technology 2019

关键词： Electroencephalography

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Hydrodynamic Modeling and Parameter Identification of a Bionic Underwater Vehicle:RobDact

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Cyborg and Bionic systems 2022年第1期2022卷 164-176页

作者： Qiyuan Cao Rui Wang Tiandong Zhang Yu Wang Shuo Wang State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of A utomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina School of Artific ial Itelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Itelligence Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina

In this paper,the hydrodynamic modeling and parameter identifcation of the RobDact,a bionic underwater vehide inspired byDactylopteridae,are carried out based on computational fluid dynamics(CFD)and force measurement ***,thePaper briely describes the RobDact,then establishes the kinematis model and rigid body dynamics model of the RobDactaccording to the hydrodynamic force and moment *** CFD simulations,the hydrodynamic force of theRobDact at diferent speeds is obtained,and then,the hydrodynamic model parameters are ***,themeasurement platform is developed to obtain the relationship between the thrust generated by the RobDact and the inputfluctuation parameters,Finally,combining the rigid body dynamics model and the fin'thrust mapping model,thehydrodynamic model of the RobDact at diferent motion states is constructed.

关键词： dynamics(CFD) equations hydrodynamic

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Forget less,count better:a domain-incremental self-distillation learning benchmark for lifelong crowd counting

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2023年第2期24卷 187-202页

作者： Jiaqi GAO Jingqi LI Hongming SHAN Yanyun QU James ZWANG Fei-Yue WANG Junping ZHANG Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing School of Computer ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-inspired Technology Shanghai 201210China School of Information Science and Technology Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China College of Information Sciences and Technology the Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Crowd counting has important applications in public safety and pandemic control.A robust and practical crowd counting system has to be capable of continuously learning with the newly incoming domain data in real-world scenarios instead of fitting one domain ***-the-shelf methods have some drawbacks when handling multiple domains:(1)the models will achieve limited performance(even drop dramatically)among old domains after training images from new domains due to the discrepancies in intrinsic data distributions from various domains,which is called catastrophic forgetting;(2)the well-trained model in a specific domain achieves imperfect performance among other unseen domains because of domain shift;(3)it leads to linearly increasing storage overhead,either mixing all the data for training or simply training dozens of separate models for different domains when new ones are *** overcome these issues,we investigate a new crowd counting task in incremental domain training setting called lifelong crowd *** goal is to alleviate catastrophic forgetting and improve the generalization ability using a single model updated by the incremental ***,we propose a self-distillation learning framework as a benchmark(forget less,count better,or FLCB)for lifelong crowd counting,which helps the model leverage previous meaningful knowledge in a sustainable manner for better crowd counting to mitigate the forgetting when new data arrive.A new quantitative metric,normalized Backward Transfer(nBwT),is developed to evaluate the forgetting degree of the model in the lifelong learning *** experimental results demonstrate the superiority of our proposed benchmark in achieving a low catastrophic forgetting degree and strong generalization ability.

关键词： Crowd counting Knowledge distillation Lifelong learning

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Discretizing Continuous Action Space With Unimodal Probability Distributions for On-Policy Reinforcement Learning

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IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning systems 2024年第6期36卷 11285-11297页

作者： Yuanyang Zhu Zhi Wang Yuanheng Zhu Chunlin Chen Dongbin Zhao Department of Control Science and Intelligence Engineering School of Management and Engineering and the Laboratory of Data Intelligence and Interdisciplinary Innovation Nanjing University Nanjing China Department of Control Science and Intelligence Engineering School of Management and Engineering and the Research Center for Novel Technology of Intelligent Equipment Nanjing University Nanjing China State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

For on-policy reinforcement learning (RL), discretizing action space for continuous control can easily express multiple modes and is straightforward to optimize. However, without considering the inherent ordering between the discrete atomic actions, the explosion in the number of discrete actions can possess undesired properties and induce a higher variance for the policy gradient (PG) estimator. In this article, we introduce a straightforward architecture that addresses this issue by constraining the discrete policy to be unimodal using Poisson probability distributions. This unimodal architecture can better leverage the continuity in the underlying continuous action space using explicit unimodal probability distributions. We conduct extensive experiments to show that the discrete policy with the unimodal probability distribution provides significantly faster convergence and higher performance for on-policy RL algorithms in challenging control tasks, especially in highly complex tasks such as Humanoid. We provide theoretical analysis on the variance of the PG estimator, which suggests that our attentively designed unimodal discrete policy can retain a lower variance and yield a stable learning process.

关键词： Task analysis Probability distribution Aerospace electronics Reinforcement learning Gaussian distribution Technological innovation Learning systems

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Benchmarking Lane-changing Decision-making for Deep Reinforcement Learning 21

Benchmarking Lane-changing Decision-making for Deep Reinforc...

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Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Robotics and Artificial Intelligence

作者： Junjie Wang Qichao Zhang Dongbin Zhao The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of Sciences China and College of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450385855

The development of autonomous driving has attracted extensive attention in recent years, and it is essential to evaluate the performance of autonomous driving. However, testing on the road is expensive and inefficient. Virtual testing is the primary way to validate and verify self-driving cars, and the basis of virtual testing is to build simulation scenarios. In this paper, we propose a training, testing, and evaluation pipeline for the lane-changing task from the perspective of deep reinforcement learning. First, we design lane change scenarios for training and testing, where the test scenarios include stochastic and deterministic parts. Then, we deploy a set of benchmarks consisting of learning and non-learning approaches. We train several state-of-the-art deep reinforcement learning methods in the designed training scenarios and provide the benchmark metrics evaluation results of the trained models in the test scenarios. The designed lane-changing scenarios and benchmarks are both opened to provide a consistent experimental environment for the lane-changing task1 .

关键词： Autonomous driving Reinforcement learning Lane change scenarios

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