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arXiv 2021年

作者： Dunn, Robin Gangrade, Aditya Wasserman, Larry Ramdas, Aaditya Advanced Methodology and Data Science Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Boston University United States Department of Statistics & Data Science Machine Learning Department Carnegie Mellon University United States

Shape constraints yield flexible middle grounds between fully nonparametric and fully parametric approaches to modeling distributions of data. The specific assumption of log-concavity is motivated by applications across economics, survival modeling, and reliability theory. However, there do not currently exist valid tests for whether the underlying density of given data is log-concave. The recent universal inference methodology provides a valid test. The universal test relies on maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), and efficient methods already exist for finding the log-concave MLE. This yields the first test of log-concavity that is provably valid in finite samples in any dimension, for which we also establish asymptotic consistency results. Empirically, we find that a random projections approach that converts the d-dimensional testing problem into many one-dimensional problems can yield high power, leading to a simple procedure that is statistically and computationally efficient. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Maximum likelihood estimation

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Secure Device on boarding in IoT Networks

Secure Device on boarding in IoT Networks

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International Conference on science Technology Engineering and Management (ICONSTEM)

作者： P. Sathyaraj Shankar Nayak Bhukya S. Rukmani Devi Chetan Umadi A. Ajina Rajendiran M Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering RMK College of Engineering and Technology Puduvoyal Tamil Nadu India Department of Computer Science Engineering (Data Science) CMR Technical Campus Hyderabad Telangana India Department of Computer Science Saveetha College of Liberal Arts and Sciences SIMATS Deemed to be University Chennai Tamil Nadu India Department of Electronics& Telecommunication Engineering Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering Bengaluru Karnataka India Department of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology Bangalore India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Panimalar Engineering College Chennai Tamil Nadu India

ISBN: (数字)9798350365092

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365108

The fast spread of Internet of Things (IoT) gadgets has led to unprecedented number of interconnected systems offering many applications and services. Diverse elements in IoT networks increase security vulnerabilities, especially when adding new devices. IoT device onboarding secures device integration, authentication, and network connection authorization. This research shows the hazards and limitations of secure IoT device connections. Research examines onboarding protocols' merits and downsides. Bootstrapping, mutual authentication, and key establishment protect the IoT device-network connection in the proposed architecture. Overcoming scalability and resource constraints makes onboarding several IoT devices straightforward. We also analyze IoT network security with PKI and certificate-based authentication. Safe communication pathways and ongoing observation and system adjustments to address new security issues are discussed in this essay. Researchers test the technology in IoT environments. The framework handles onboarding in this case. The method safeguards onboarding and IoT ecosystem data, research demonstrate. A detailed device onboarding approach increases IoT security talks. The framework fixes onboarding issues and vulnerabilities for secure IoT networks.

关键词： Protocols Scalability Ecosystems Authentication Interconnected systems Network security Mathematics

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Deep Neural Quality of Service Prediction for Unmanned Aircraft System Communications

Deep Neural Quality of Service Prediction for Unmanned Aircr...

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International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference, IWCMC

作者： Patrick Purucker Christian Reil Alfred Höß Björn W. Schuller Department of Electrical Engineering Media Technology and Computer Sciences University of Applied Sciences Amberg-Weiden Amberg Germany CHI MRI Technical University of Munich Germany Munich Data-Science Institute (MDSI) Germany Munich Center for Machine Learning (MCML) Germany GLAM Imperial College London UK

ISBN: (数字)9798350361261

ISBN: (纸本)9798350361278

Commercial Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) have a wide range of applications, including package delivery, inspection and search and rescue missions. For the operation of Unmanned Aircraft Vehicles (UAV) Beyond Visual Line of Sight (BVLOS), reliable long-range communication is essential. The cellular network is one possible solution, but there are issues such as signal loss and frequent handovers at higher altitudes. To mitigate these issues, our work proposes the use of two cellular links from different providers prioritised according to Quality of Service (QoS) prediction. We evaluate multiple AI-based model architectures for the prediction, and find that the model consisting of Gated Recurrent Units (GRU) and convolutional layers outperforms the others. The models are trained and tested on real-world data and show a reduction in latency peaks, thereby increasing connection resilience. Moreover, the prediction pipeline is designed to be executable on the UAV side and is not limited to a specific geographical area, making it applicable to real-world scenarios. Finally, we present a pre-flight path planning algorithm that takes QoS into account when calculating the flight path in order to further improve communication. To support the research community, we publicly share the dataset used to obtain our results.

关键词： Adaptation models Heuristic algorithms Quality of service Computer architecture Predictive models Autonomous aerial vehicles Modems

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Advancing Alzheimer's Nodule Detection Through a Comprehensive Multi-Scene Deep learning Framework

Advancing Alzheimer's Nodule Detection Through a Comprehensi...

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International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems (ICACCS)

作者： C. Premkumar R. Rajeshwari R. Remya M. S. Cholaathiraj A. Reethika S. Bharathidasan Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Bannari Amman Institute of Technology Sathyamangalam India Department of Computer Science and Engineering CMR Institute of Technology Bengaluru India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr Sagunthala R&D institute of science and Technology Chennai India Department of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Bannari Amman Institute of Technology Sathyamangalam India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College Coimbatore India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Erode Sengunthar Engineering College Erode India

ISBN: (数字)9798350384369

ISBN: (纸本)9798350384376

Determining the precise location of Alzheimer's nodules is essential for estimating the risk of brain cancer. Conventional CAD modules, including MRI, PET, and CT, struggle with feature extraction and segmentation due to time limits and complexity. This study proposes an efficient brain nodule detection technique based on the Multi-Scene Deep learning Framework (MSDLF) that makes use of the vesselness filter. A four-channel CNN model is developed using information from two image sequences to enhance radiologists' ability to recognise four-stage nodules. This adaptable model may be used in two different classes. The outcomes demonstrate how well the MSDLF performs while processing substantial volumes of image data for brain nodule recognition, improving with accuracy 98.86% and 98.45% of sensitivity by using decreasing false positives.

关键词： Deep learning Training Solid modeling Accuracy Sensitivity Image recognition Magnetic resonance imaging Brain modeling Classification algorithms Alzheimer's disease

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Heavy-tailed streaming statistical estimation

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Tsai, Che-Ping Prasad, Adarsh Balakrishnan, Sivaraman Ravikumar, Pradeep Department of Machine Learning Carnegie-Mellon University PittsburghPA15213 United States Department of Statistics and Data Science Carnegie-Mellon University PittsburghPA15213 United States

We consider the task of heavy-tailed statistical estimation given streaming p-dimensional samples. This could also be viewed as stochastic optimization under heavy-tailed distributions, with an additional O(p) space complexity constraint. We design a clipped stochastic gradient descent algorithm and provide an improved analysis, under a more nuanced condition on the noise of the stochastic gradients, which we show is critical when analyzing stochastic optimization problems arising from general statistical estimation problems. Our results guarantee convergence not just in expectation but with exponential concentration, and moreover does so using O(1) batch size. We provide consequences of our results for mean estimation and linear regression. Finally, we provide empirical corroboration of our results and algorithms via synthetic experiments for mean estimation and linear regression. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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Uncertainty Quantification For Learned ISTA

Uncertainty Quantification For Learned ISTA

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IEEE Workshop on machine learning for Signal Processing

作者： Frederik Hoppe Claudio Mayrink Verdun Hannah Laus Felix Krahmer Holger Rauhut Chair of Mathematics of Information Processing RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany Department of Mathematics Technical University of Munich Munich Germany Munich Center for Machine Learning Munich Germany Munich Data Science Institute Technical University of Munich Munich Germany

Model-based deep learning solutions to inverse problems have attracted increasing attention in recent years as they bridge state-of-the-art numerical performance with interpretability. In addition, the incorporated prior domain knowledge can make the training more efficient as the smaller number of parameters allows the training step to be executed with smaller datasets. Algorithm unrolling schemes stand out among these model-based learning techniques. Despite their rapid advancement and their close connection to traditional high-dimensional statistical methods, they lack certainty estimates and a theory for uncertainty quantification is still elusive. This work provides a step towards closing this gap proposing a rigorous way to obtain confidence intervals for the LISTA estimator.

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Brain tumor segmentation using synthetic MR images - A comparison of GANs and diffusion models

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Akbar, Muhammad Usman Larsson, Måns Blystad, Ida Eklund, Anders Department of Biomedical Engineering Linköping University Linköping Sweden Linköping Sweden Eigenvision Malmö Sweden Division of Statistics & Machine Learning Department of Computer and Information Science Linköping University Linköping Sweden Department of Radiology in Linköping Department of Health Medicine and Caring Sciences Linköping University Linköping Sweden

Large annotated datasets are required for training deep learning models, but in medical imaging data sharing is often complicated due to ethics, anonymization and data protection legislation. Generative AI models, such as generative adversarial networks (GANs) and diffusion models, can today produce very realistic synthetic images, and can potentially facilitate data sharing. However, in order to share synthetic medical images it must first be demonstrated that they can be used for training different networks with acceptable performance. Here, we therefore comprehensively evaluate four GANs (progressive GAN, StyleGAN 1-3) and a diffusion model for the task of brain tumor segmentation (using two segmentation networks, U-Net and a Swin transformer). Our results show that segmentation networks trained on synthetic images reach Dice scores that are 80% - 90% of Dice scores when training with real images, but that memorization of the training images can be a problem for diffusion models if the original dataset is too small. Our conclusion is that sharing synthetic medical images is a viable option to sharing real images, but that further work is required. The trained generative models and the generated synthetic images are shared on AIDA data hub. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Tumors

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Exploring the Tangible Impact of Artificial Intelligence and machine learning: Bridging the Gap between Hype and Reality

Exploring the Tangible Impact of Artificial Intelligence and...

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Advanced Computing and Emerging Technologies (ACET), International Conference on

作者： Rahul Dattangire Ruchika Vaidya Divya Biradar Ashish Joon Data Engineering Publicis Sapient Houston Texas USA Department of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU) Wardha Maharashtra India Computer Science University of Texas at Arlington Arlington Texas USA Software Developer Andhus Technologies Inc Pensacola FL

ISBN: (数字)9798350367720

ISBN: (纸本)9798350367737

Beyond being merely trendy terms in technology, machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) have directly influenced every industry. This article thus demystifies the true meaning of these technologies by sifting through the sultry descriptions. Here, we explore how AI and ML enhance efficiency, decision-making, and problem-solving in various sectors including health, Agriculture, finance, and production as we discover real-world applications. Continuing with the discussion of implementation challenges, the aspects of bias, ethical pitfalls, and report cards are examined. In addition, the article also covered how the integration of AI as well as ML remains a way of improving processes, creating better user experiences, and spurring innovation. This paper, which is also based on case studies, discusses the relationship between social welfare and AI and the importance of AI’s development and use being done responsibly. Considering all the discussed aspects, this volume provides a rather nuanced perspective on AI and ML, unmasking the myths around these concepts to reveal the fact that they have a highly significant impact on the current reality and its projected evolutions.

关键词： Technological innovation Ethics Decision making Finance machine learning Production Pressing Medical services Writing Problem-solving

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Using voice analysis as an early indicator of risk for depression in young adults

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Scherer, Klaus R. Burkhardt, Felix Reichel, Uwe D. Eyben, Florian Schuller, Björn W. Department of Psychology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland audEERING GmbH Gilching Germany Technical University of Munich MRI Munich Germany University of Augsburg Augsburg Germany Imperial College London United Kingdom Munich Center for Machine Learning Munich Germany Munich Data Science Institute Munich Germany

Increasingly frequent publications in the literature report voice quality differences between depressed patients and controls. Here, we examine the possibility of using voice analysis as an early warning signal for the development of emotion disturbances in young adults. As part of a major interdisciplinary European research project in four countries (ECoWeB), examining the effects of web-based prevention programs to reduce the risk for depression in young adults, we analyzed a large number of acoustic voice characteristics in vocal reports of emotions experienced by the participants on a specific day. We were able to identify a number of significant differences in acoustic cues, particularly with respect to the energy distribution in the voice spectrum, encouraging further research efforts to develop promising non-obtrusive risk indicators in the normal speaking voice. This is particularly important in the case of young adults who are less likely to exhibit standard risk factors for depression such as negative life experiences. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Risk assessment

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The Role of Blockchain Technology in Supply chain Management for data Security

The Role of Blockchain Technology in Supply chain Management...

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Blockchain and Distributed Systems Security (ICBDS), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Dipika R. Birari Vijay U. Rathod Aarti Dandavate Nilesh Shelke Ranjit Kumar Masira M. S Kulkarni Department of Information Technology Army Institute of Technology Pune Department of Artificial Intelligent and Machine Learning G H Raisoni College of Engineering and Management Wagholi Pune Department of Computer Engineering Dhole Patil College of Engineering Pune Department of Computer Science and Engineering Symbiosis Institute of Technology Nagpur Campus Symbiosis International Deemed University Pune India Department of Computer Engineering Ajeenkya D Y Patil University Pune Department of Cyber Security and Data Science G H Raisoni College of Engineering and Management Wagholi Pune

ISBN: (数字)9798350354348

ISBN: (纸本)9798350354355

In a traditional supply chain system, the process of producing raw materials so that a product may be delivered to a customer is a manual operation with insufficient data and transaction security. The entire process is time consuming and requires a lot of effort. The undivided process is generally ineffective and unreliable for consumers. The data security, authenticity, the inclusion of will significantly improve the time management and transaction procedures of conventional supply chain management systems. data is shielded from illegal access via the ground-breaking, decentralized technology known as blockchain. After smart contracts are put into place, the complete supply chain management (SCM) will be satisfied with the customer. When the mediator is contracted, which is possible in various ways, the plan becomes more reliable. This article places particular emphasis on lowering third party involvement in the supply chain system and enhancing data security. Conventional supply chain management techniques have several serious shortcomings. Some of them include a lack of traceability, difficulties maintaining product safety and quality, a failure to track and manage inventories in stores and warehouses, escalating supply chain costs, and so on. The reduction of third-party involvement in the supply chain system and the improvement of data security are the main goals of this article. This enhances process accessibility, effectiveness, and timeliness overall. They will feel safer throughout the payment procedure, which is the main benefit. Yet in this investigation, a smart contract and a peer-to-peer encrypted system were both used. There are a few additional features as well.

关键词： Supply chain management Costs Supply chains Smart contracts Reliability engineering Raw materials Blockchains Peer-to-peer computing Product safety

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