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International Conference on computer and Information Technology (CIT)

作者： Y. Toyoda Jie Huang Shuxue Ding Yong Liu Dept. of Inf. Syst. Aizu Univ. Japan School of Computer Science and Egineering Department of Informations Systems University of Aizuwakamatsu Japan School of Computer Science and Engineering The University of Aizu

Environmental sound recognition is an important function of robotic audition. Although HMM- or TDNN-based methods can also be used for environmental sound recognition, unlike speech recognition, it is not possible to create a perfect database covering all kinds of environmental sounds. Environmental sound recognition depends more on the robot computer syst.m task. From this point of view, the methods for environmental sound recognition must also be task-dependent and be evaluated based on accuracy, speed and simplicity. In this research, we tried to use a multilayered perceptron NN syst.m for environmental sound recognition. The input data is the one-dimensional combination of the instantaneous spectrum at the power peak and the power pattern in time domain. The spectrum of environmental sounds do not change as remarkedly as that of speech of voice, so the combination of power and frequency pattern will retain the major features of environmental sounds but with drastically reduced data. Two experiments were conducted using an original database and a database created by the RWCP. The recognition rate for 45 environmental sound data sets was about 92%. The new method is fast and simple compared to the HMM-based methods, and suitable for an on-board syst.m of a robot for home use, e.g. a security monitoring robot or a home-helper robot.

关键词： Neural networks Multi-layer neural network Robots Speech recognition Spatial databases Hidden Markov models Multilayer perceptrons Frequency Data security Monitoring

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A method for dealing with assignment ambiguity

A method for dealing with assignment ambiguity

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Proceedings of the 2004 American Control Conference (AAC)

作者： Julier, Simon J. Uhlmann, Jeffrey K. Nicholson, David Naval Research Laboratory ITT AES 4555 Overlook Avenue SW Washington DC 20375 United States Department of Computer Engineering University of Missouri-Columbia Columbia MO 65211 United States BAE Syst. Advanced Technology Centre FPC 267 PO Box 5 Filton Bristol BS34 7QW United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)0780383354

Many landmark-based navigation syst.ms suffer from the problem of assignment ambiguity: the navigation syst.m receives a measurement from a landmark, but the identity of the ' landmark is not uniquely known. This uncertainty is frequently addressed by attempting to identify the landmark which caused the measurements. Two common approaches are the nearest neighbour and multiple hypothesis tracking methods. However, the nearest neighbour method is notoriously unreliable and the multiple hypothesis method can only be implemented in real time for a small number of hypotheses. In this paper we consider an alternative approach for assignment ambiguity which uses the Covariance Union (CU) algorithm. Every potential assignment is used to generate an estimate. CU is applied to the set of estimates. Providing the true assignment is included within the set, the unioned estimate is guaranteed to be consistent. We provide a theoretical development of CU, describe a method for computing its value, and illustrate its performance in a nonlinear navigation example.

关键词： Navigation

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Market based transmission expansion planning: fuzzy risk assessment

Market based transmission expansion planning: fuzzy risk ass...

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International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies (DRPT)

作者： M.O. Buygi G. Balzer H.M. Shanechi M. Shahidehpour Dept. of Electr. Power Syst. Darmstadt Univ. of Technol. Germany Department of Electrical Power Systems Darmstadt University of Technology Darmstadt Germany Department of Electrical Engineering New Mexico Technology Socorro NM USA Department of Electrical Engineering Ferdowsi University Mashhad NM Iran Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago IL USA

In this paper a new market based approach for transmission expansion planning in deregulated power syst.ms is presented. A scenario technique is used in order to model nonrandom uncertainties. Drawbacks of criteria of scenario technique are pointed out and new criteria are presented for risk assessment. A probabilistic tool is presented for assessing electric markets with random uncertainties. To measure how much a transmission plan improves competition a market based criterion is introduced. The final plan is selected using fuzzy risk assessment. The approach is applied to IEEE 30 bus network. The results are compared with conventional risk assessment to demonstrate that fuzzy risk assessment overcomes the shortcomings of conventional risk assessment method.

关键词： Risk management Power syst.m planning Uncertainty Power syst.m modeling Power generation Costs Power engineering and energy Power syst.m measurements Power syst.m reliability Power syst.ms

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On the double-vertex-cycle-connectivity of crossed cubes

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Parallel Algorithms and Applications 2004年第1期19卷 11-17页

作者： Yang, Xiaofan Megson, Graham M. College of Computer Science Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 China National Education Ministry Key Lab. Electro-Optical Tech./Syst. Chongqing University Chongqin 400044 China Department of Computer Science School of Systems Engineering University of Reading P.O. Box 225 Reading Berkshire RG6 6AY United Kingdom

Crossed cube, a variation of hypercube, is a candidate for the interconnection network topology employed in parallel computing syst.ms due to nearly half diameter and stronger subgraph embedding capabilities. Existence of various cycles (rings) in an interconnection network is essential for parallel algorithms that communicate data in token-ring mode. This paper addresses the existence of cycles with some specified properties in an n-dimensional crossed cube, CQn. We first propose the notion of double-vertex-cycle- connectivity for a graph, which provides a new measure of cycle embedding capability of the graph. We then prove that, for any two distinct vertices on CQn at a distance of d apart and each integer / satisfying 2d + 6 &le l &le |V(CQn)|, CQn contains a cycle of length l that goes through the two vertices. Due to the fact that a hypercube does not share these properties, crossed cube shows stronger cycle embedding capability than hypercube.

关键词： Interconnection networks

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Wavelet approximation-based affine invariant 2-D shape matching and classification

Wavelet approximation-based affine invariant 2-D shape match...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： I.E. Rube M. Kamel M. Ahmed Dept. of Syst. Design Eng. Waterloo Univ. Ont. Canada Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo. N2L 3G1 Ontario Canada Physics and Computer Science Department Wilfrid Laurier University Waterloo N2L 3C5 Ontario Canada

In this paper, an algorithm for matching and classifying 2-D shapes that undergo affine transformation is developed. The algorithm uses the 1-D dyadic wavelet transform (DWT) to decompose a shape's boundary into multiscale levels. The curve moment invariants of the approximation coefficients are used as the shape features. Two different dissimilarities are calculated from the Euclidean distances between the decomposed scale levels of the shapes. These dissimilarities are used in shape matching and clustering by using hierarchical clustering algorithm with Ward's linkage rules. The presented algorithm is invariant to the affine transformation and to the boundary starting point variation. The algorithm is also capable of finding and clustering similar shapes even if there are small deformations between their boundaries.

关键词： Clustering algorithms Couplings Shape measurement Wavelet transforms Classification algorithms Design engineering syst.ms engineering and theory Physics computer science Discrete wavelet transforms

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Handshake protocol using return-to-zero data encoding for high performance asynchronous bus

Handshake protocol using return-to-zero data encoding for hi...

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作者： Jung, E.-G. Choi, B.-S. Won, Y.-G. Lee, D.-I. Concurrent Syst. Research Laboratory Dept. of Info. and Communications Kwangju Inst. of Sci. and Technology Gwangju Korea Republic of Department of Computer Engineering Chonnam National University Gwangju Korea Republic of

In SoC design, synchronous buses are used frequently to interconnect several IPs. However, it is difficult to use synchronous buses for SoC design because of the increase of wire delay caused by the crosstalk effect and the difficulty of synchronisation caused by the clock-skew problem. The use of an asynchronous bus is an alternative solution for SoC design methodology. A new handshake protocol is proposed using the return-to-zero data encoding scheme for the implementation of a new high performance asynchronous bus. Simulation results reveal that the proposed handshake protocol increases the read throughput of the asynchronous bus by 30.5%, and decreases the read latency by 12.5%.

关键词： Microprocessor chips

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Knowledge acquisition from documents with both fixed and free formats

Knowledge acquisition from documents with both fixed and fre...

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syst.m Security and Assurance

作者： Hirasawa, Shigeichi Chu, Wesley W. Dept. Indust. and Mgmt. Syst. Eng. School of Science and Engineering Waseda University Waseda Japan Computer Science Department School of Eng. and Applied Science University of California Los Angeles CA United States

Based on techniques in information retrieval, we discuss methods for knowledge acquisition from documents composed of both fixed and free formats. The documents with the fixed format imply items such as those of selecting one from sentences, words, symbols, or numbers. While the documents with the free format are the usual texts. In this paper, starting with an item-document matrix and a term-document matrix used for the representation of a document set, we propose a new method for knowledge acquisition taking simultaneously into account of both fixed and free formats. A method based on the Probabilistic Latent Semantic Indexing (PLSI) model is used for clustering a set of documents. The proposed method is applied to a document set given by questionnaires of students which is taken for the purpose of faculty development. We show the effectiveness of the proposed method compared to the conventional method.

关键词： Knowledge acquisition

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Non-coherent estimator-correlators for unresolved multipath Ricean channels

Non-coherent estimator-correlators for unresolved multipath ...

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IEEE Conference on Vehicular Technology (VTC)

作者： F. Danilo-Lemoine H. Leib Department of Syst. and Computer Engineering Broadband Communications & Wireless Systems Centre Carleton University Ottawa ONT Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering McGill University Telecommunications and Signal Processing Laboratory Montreal QUE Canada

This paper considers detection techniques for unresolved Ricean/Rayleigh fading multipath channels. It is well known that the optimal receiver has an estimator-correlator form, with a minimum mean-square error (MMSE) estimate. With known multipath delays and unknown specular phases, the Ricean non-coherent multipath channel is a case where the received noiseless signal process is non-Gaussian, and the MMSE estimator is non-linear in the observation. This work presents novel, explicit expressions for such a MMSE estimator. It is shown that the MMSE estimate has the same multipath format as the noiseless received signal, with the unknown parameters replaced by corresponding estimates. The MMSE estimator scales down contributions from specular multipath components with poor phase estimates, reducing their effect on the detection process. The estimator includes a multipath decorrelation operation which is essential to avoid error floors over unresolved multipath channels. Based on matched filter bounds, it is shown that little degradation gains are obtained by employing suboptimal linear estimator-correlators, provided that they include the decorrelation operation.

关键词： Multipath channels Phase estimation Delay estimation Decorrelation Rayleigh channels Phase noise Signal processing Phase detection Matched filters Degradation

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A Safety Monitoring Image Recording syst.m Based on CMOS Imager

A Safety Monitoring Image Recording System Based on CMOS Ima...

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作者： Liu, Zhi Sun, Yemeng Wang, Chen Dept. of Electronic Engineering Changchun Univ. of Sci./Technology Changchun Jilin 130022 China Department of Computer Science Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130022 China Beijing FUJITSU Syst. Eng. Co. Ltd. Beijing 100000 China

CMOS image sensors now become increasingly competitive with respect to their CCD counterparts, while adding advantages such as no blooming, simpler driving requirements and the potential of on-chip integration of sensor, analogue circuitry, and digital processing functions. A safety monitoring syst.m based on cmos imager digital camera that can record field situation when unusual circumstance happened is described in this paper. The digital camera is based on a CMOS imager (OV7120), which can output digital image data through parallel pixel data port. The syst.m consists of a CMOS image sensor, a large capacity NAND FLASH ROM, a USB interface chip and a micro controller (AT90S8515). The structure of whole syst.m is discussed in detail.

关键词： Image recording

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Accelerating Bluetooth Inquiry for Personal Area Networks

Accelerating Bluetooth Inquiry for Personal Area Networks

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IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference GLOBECOM'03

作者： Záruba, Gergely V. Chlamtac, Imrich Ctr. Res. Wireless Mobility/N. Dept. of Comp. Sci. and Engineering University of Texas at Arlington Arlington TX United States Ctr. for Adv. Telecom. Syst./Serv. Department of Computer Science Univ. of Texas at Dallas Richardson TX United States

The recent industry standard Bluetooth promises low cost replacement of communication cabling with moderate symbol-rate, short-range wireless links. The same specification also addresses the establishment of point-to-multipoint piconets and the interconnection of several of these piconets into scatternets, enabling Bluetooth to be used as a technology for realizing personal area networks. Establishing Bluetooth piconets requires nodes to discover each other by completing an inquiry phase. This paper investigates the inquiry phase;shows the shortcomings of the current inquiry procedure in multi node - PAN scenarios, and outlines and analyses a backwards Bluetooth compliant modification to accelerate Bluetooth inquiry. Extensive simulations comparing the original and the proposed Bluetooth inquiry schemes show improvements of more than an order of magnitude in device discovery times.

关键词： Telecommunication networks

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