An advanced mathematical model of a shape memory alloy (SMA) useful for designing SMA micro-devices is proposed and applied to coil spring theory to analyze the appropriate mechanical and electrical characteristics. T...
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An advanced mathematical model of a shape memory alloy (SMA) useful for designing SMA micro-devices is proposed and applied to coil spring theory to analyze the appropriate mechanical and electrical characteristics. This model can handle three phases of the SMA: the parent phase, the martensitic phase, and the R-phase. of three steps. First, the mechanical properties of the three phases are modeled at the solid mechanics level. Second, a model of thermoelectric transformation is obtained at the thermodynamic level. Finally, the first and second steps are combined. The model was applied to coil spring theory and was verified successfully by experiments under general conditions.< >
A unique transmission mechanism using a non-contact magnetic gear (NCMG) is proposed for micro and miniature electromechanical systems. A miniature NCMG has been produced and the basic characteristics were evaluated e...
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A unique transmission mechanism using a non-contact magnetic gear (NCMG) is proposed for micro and miniature electromechanical systems. A miniature NCMG has been produced and the basic characteristics were evaluated experimentally. The theoretical approach for analyzing the transmittable torque of the NCMG was developed and verified experimentally. It is concluded that the NCMG system has great potential for use in safe miniature transmission mechanisms for medical applications and in micro transmission systems for microelectromechanical systems.< >
This paper describes an installation of the fringe scanning method into a shadow-type Moire Topography. The result is a high-precision three-dimensional measuring system and automatic fringe order measuring system usi...
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The phase analysis of fringes by apptying moife techniques to the interferometer is well-known. Since this method is based on 2-D subtraction method in the incoherent optics, the distortion of the optical system is ea...
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New types of miniature actuators so called cybernetic actuator for biomedical robotics are developed. The cybernetic actuator has four driving states: free, increasing, decreasing and lock. The state of free and lock ...
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New types of miniature actuators so called cybernetic actuator for biomedical robotics are developed. The cybernetic actuator has four driving states: free, increasing, decreasing and lock. The state of free and lock provides safety characteristics for both human and mechanism by avoiding damage from overload. The rotary type and linear type of cybernetic actuators are designed and developed. Feasibility of both actuators is verified by experiments. Four driving states are confirmed and unique driving principle is verified successfully.< >
A new type of miniature actuator, the so-called cybernetic actuator, for medical application has been proposed and developed. The cybernetic actuator has four driving states: free, increasing, decreasing and locked. A...
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A new type of miniature actuator, the so-called cybernetic actuator, for medical application has been proposed and developed. The cybernetic actuator has four driving states: free, increasing, decreasing and locked. A rotary-type cybernetic actuator and a linear-type cybernetic actuator driven by piezoelectric devices have been constructed. The feasibility of both actuators was verified by driving experiments.< >
Kerr electro-optic field mapping measurements using the sensitive AC modulation method were made in liquid nitrogen. The steady-state electric fields between parallel stainless steel electrodes that had a gap of 7 mm ...
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Kerr electro-optic field mapping measurements using the sensitive AC modulation method were made in liquid nitrogen. The steady-state electric fields between parallel stainless steel electrodes that had a gap of 7 mm are shown to be essentially uniform for voltages up to 70 kV with no significant space charge distortion. The Kerr constant B of liquid nitrogen is constant over the AC modulation frequency range of 1-20 kHz, while increasing above 20 kHz. This change of B with the modulation frequency coincides with the frequency-amplitude gain characteristic of the lock-in amplifier used, so that B is independent of the AC modulation frequency within the range of this study. B monotonically decreases with increasing temperature, T, thus decreasing liquid nitrogen density, rho , so that B is related linearly to rho /T. The polarizability anisotropy of liquid nitrogen is evaluated to be 8.3*10/sup -41/ F-m/sup 2/ from the slope of the B-( rho /T) characteristic, obtained from a simple physical model.< >
作者：
NARAYANAN, VMANELA, MLADE, RKSARKAR, TKDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Syracuse University Syracuse New York 13244-1240 Viswanathan Narayanan was born in Bangalore
India on December 14 1965. He received the BE degree in Electronics and Communications from B.M.S. College of Engineering Bangalore in 1988. He joined the Department of Electrical Engineering at Syracuse University for his graduate studies in 1989 where he is currently a research assistant. His research interests are in microwave measurements numerical electromagnetics and signal processing. Biographies and photos are not available for M. Manela and R. K. Lade.Tapan K. Sarkar (Sf69-M'76-SM'X1) was born in Calcutta. India
on August 2 1948. He received the BTech degree from the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur India in 1969 the MScE degree from the University of New Brunswick Fredericton Canada in 1971. and the MS and PhD degrees from Syracuse University. Syracuse NY in 1975. From 1975-1976 he was with the TACO Division of the General Instruments Corporation. He was with the Rochester Institute of Technology (Rochester NY) from 1976-1985. He was a Research Fellow at the Gordon Mckay Laboratory Harvard University Cambridge MA from 1977 to 1978. He is now a Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Syracuse University. His current research interests deal with numerical solutions of operator equations arising in electromagnetics and signal processing with application to system design. He obtained one of the “ best solution” awards in May 1977 at the Rome Air Development Center (RADC) Spectral Estimation Workshop. He has authored or coauthored more than 154 journal articles and conference papers and has written chapters in eight books. Dr. Sarkar is a registered professional engineer in the state of New York. He received the Best Paper Award of the IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility in 1979. He was an Associate Editor for feature articles of the lEEE Antennas arid Propagation Sociefy Newsletter and was
Dynamic analysis of waveguide structures containing dielectric and metal strips is presented. The analysis utilizes a finite difference frequency domain procedure to reduce the problem to a symmetric matrix eigenvalue...
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Dynamic analysis of waveguide structures containing dielectric and metal strips is presented. The analysis utilizes a finite difference frequency domain procedure to reduce the problem to a symmetric matrix eigenvalue problem. Since the matrix is also sparse, the eigenvalue problem can be solved quickly and efficiently using the conjugate gradient method resulting in considerable savings in computer storage and time. Comparison is made with the analytical solution for the loaded dielectric waveguide case. For the microstrip case, we get both waveguide modes and quasi-TEM modes. The quasi-TEM modes in the limit of zero frequency are checked with the static analysis which also uses finite difference. Some of the quasi-TEM modes are spurious. This article describes their origin and discusses how to eliminate them. Numerical results are presented to illustrate the principles.
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