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IEEE Transactions on Machine Learning in Communications and Networking 2025年 3卷 517-533页

作者： Chen, Jingxuan Huang, Dianrun Wang, Yijie Yu, Ziping Zhao, Zhongliang Cao, Xianbin Liu, Yang Quek, Tony Q. S. Oliver Wu, Dapeng Beihang University School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing100191 China State Key Laboratory of CNS/ATM Beijing100191 China Nanyang Technological University School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Avenue 639798 Singapore Singapore University of Technology and Design Information System Technology and Design Pillar Somapah Rd 487372 Singapore Yonsei University Yonsei Frontier Laboratory Seoul03722 Korea Republic of City University of Hong Kong Department of Computer Science Kowloon Hong Kong

Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) have gained significant attention as a key enabler for intelligent transportation systems, facilitating vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications. Despite their potential, VANETs face critical challenges in maintaining reliable end-to-end connectivity due to their highly dynamic topology and sparse node distribution, particularly in areas with limited infrastructure coverage. Addressing these limitations is crucial for advancing the reliability and scalability of VANETs. To bridge these gaps, this work introduces a heterogeneous UAV-aided VANET framework that leverages uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs), also known as autonomous aerial vehicles, to enhance data transmission. The key contributions of this paper include: 1) the design of a novel adaptive dual-model routing (ADMR) protocol that operates in two modes: direct vehicle clustering for intra-cluster communication and UAV/RSU-assisted routing for inter-cluster communication;2) the development of a modified density-based clustering algorithm (MDBSCAN) for dynamic vehicle node clustering;and 3) an improved UAV trajectory planning method based on a multi-agent soft actor-critic (MASAC) deep reinforcement learning algorithm, which optimizes network reachability. Simulation results reveal that the UAV trajectory optimization method achieves higher network reachability ratios compared to existing approaches. Also, the proposed ADMR protocol improves the packet delivery ratio (PDR) while maintaining low end-to-end latency. These findings demonstrate the potential to enhance VANET performance, while also providing valuable insights for the development of intelligent transportation systems and related fields. © 2025 The Authors.

关键词： Vehicular ad hoc networks

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A Framework for Deepfake Detection using Convolutional Neural Network and Deep Features

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Procedia computer Science 2025年 258卷 3640-3648页

作者： Soundarya B C Gururaj H L Naveen Kumar C M Department of Information Technology Manipal Institute of Technology Bengaluru Manipal Academy of Higher Education Manipal India Department of Computer Science and Business System Malnad College of Engineering Hassan India

With the advancement of Artificial Intelligence, facial recognition has become a crucial biometric feature. Deepfake technology leverages AI and can create hyper-realistic digitally manipulated videos of people appearing to say or do things that never occurred. The emergence of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) has further enabled the creation of fake visual content with astonishing realism. This technology has diverse applications, such as in the film industry, where it allows for video recreation without reshooting, creating awareness videos, restoring the voices of those who have lost them, and updating movie scenes at low cost. However, this rapid advancement also presents significant challenges. The proliferation of synthetic images raises severe concerns about their societal impact, particularly in terms of potential misuse for harassment and blackmail. Therefore, developing robust deepfake detection models is imperative. This study evaluates the performance of a proposed ResNet34 model in deepfake detection. We utilize the FaceForensics++ dataset to train and assess the model, incorporating images generated by four popular deepfake techniques. Our experimental results demonstrate that integrating linear ternary patterns (LTP) and edge detection-based features with the modified ResNet34 model achieves superior performance, attaining 97.5% accuracy and surpassing other approaches.

关键词： Deepfake Artificial intelligence Deep learning

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Ethiopic Cryptography: An Efficient Hybrid Encryption Algorithm for Reducing Cybersecurity Attack 11th

Ethiopic Cryptography: An Efficient Hybrid Encryption Algori...

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11th EAI International Conference on Advancement of Science and Technology, ICAST 2023

作者： Akele, Tadesse Birara Bahiru, Tadesse Kebede Molla, Tibebu Legesse Fentie, Shambel Dessale Belay, Tadesse Destaw Marye, Almaz Yemataw Getaneh, Mersha Derese Department of Information System Kombolcha Institute of Technology Wollo University Kombolcha Ethiopia Department of Information Technology Kombolcha Institute of Technology Wollo University Kombolcha Ethiopia Deparment of Software Engineering Kombolcha Institute of Technology Wollo University Kombolcha Ethiopia Department of Computer Science Kombolcha Institute of Technology Wollo University Kombolcha Ethiopia

ISBN: (纸本)9783031641503

Cryptography is an essential tool in ensuring the security of data during network communication. Network and service providers prioritize data security to ensure secure data exchanges. Ethiopic cryptography is a unique encryption method that utilizes the Amharic language, prevalent in Ethiopia. Unlike Latin alphabets, Amharic consists of 287 characters, making decryption challenging. The encryption process involves converting the text to Amharic and then mapping it to a pair of randomly chosen two-bit English alphabets, creating an intermediate cipher. The Ethiopic cryptography algorithm employs a hybrid approach, using the RSA algorithm for secure key exchange and the Advanced Encryption Standard algorithm for text confidentiality. The algorithm comprises three phases—translation, mapping, and encryption—contributing to its effectiveness in securing data over the network. Decryption requires familiarity with the Amharic language and mapping details. The algorithm demonstrates a stronger avalanche effect (97%) in comparison with Blowfish and DES. The algorithm is proposed and evaluated using the design science research methodology, and its performance is validated through simulation using MATLAB and BunnaScript tools, considering factors like the avalanche effect, time complexity, and memory consumption. The evaluation shows that the suggested solution operates faster, requires lesser time for data encryption, and uses less memory than other methods in use. Overall, the proposed Ethiopic cryptography algorithm proves to be an efficient and effective method for securing data during network communication, offering stronger text confidentiality and an improved avalanche effect. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： MATLAB

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A Multi-Agent Garage Service Search and Recommendation with Hybrid MLs and LLMs

A Multi-Agent Garage Service Search and Recommendation with ...

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International Conference on computer, Electrical & Communication engineering (ICCECE)

作者： Mahfuzur Rahman Shuvo Ashifur Rahman Vishwanath Akuthota Tanay Paul Mahfujul Islam Md Sadi Ashraf Prosenjit Roy Md Tanzim Reza Department of Management Information System International American University United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology Bangladesh TechOptima Hyderabad India Department of Computer Science and Engineering BRAC University Bangladesh Department of Computer Science Prairie View A & M University Texas United States

ISBN: (数字)9798331513894

ISBN: (纸本)9798331513900

The automobile service industry’s explosive growth highlights the need for creative approaches to boost operational effectiveness and user experience. This study introduces a Hybrid Garage Assistance system, integrating Classical Machine Learning (ML) techniques with Generative AI to optimize garage service discovery and analysis. The system employs sophisticated data processing methods, including Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) vectorization and regex-based service detection, to extract actionable insights from unstructured garage *** to the system are machine learning models Random Forest (RF) and XGBoost (XGB) which achieve high precision and recall in classifying garage services. A hybrid search mechanism, combining cosine similarity with ML-driven predictions, ensures the delivery of highly personalized search results. To further refine decision-making, the system incorporates Generative AI models such as Perplexity for web-based research, Gemini for location-specific analysis, Mistral for email sending and GPT-4 for detailed service recommendations and dall-e for creating user specific parts images. These advanced tools provide users with comprehensive information that enables them to make well-informed decisions about garage *** evaluation of the system is conducted using robust metrics, including precision, recall, F1-score, and system latency. Experimental results reveal a precision of $\mathbf{8 5 \%}$, recall of $\mathbf{7 0 . 8 \%}$, and an F1-score of $\mathbf{7 7 . 2 \%}$, demonstrating the efficacy of integrating classical ML with generative AI. The system’s average latency of 5.9 seconds ensures a seamless and responsive user *** hybrid framework highlights the potential of blending classical ML and Large Language Models (LLMs) to enhance search and recommendation functionalities, offering a scalable and robust blueprint for future advancements in the automotive service sector. The system’s Pro

关键词： Radio frequency Measurement Generative AI Navigation Scalability Hybrid power systems User experience Reliability Random forests Multi-agent systems

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Evaluating the Privacy and Security Implications of Mobile Apps

Evaluating the Privacy and Security Implications of Mobile A...

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International Conference on Electronics, Materials engineering and Nano-Technology (IEMENTech)

作者： Shafiul Islam Mazumder Sazzadul Islam Shovon Md Tanvir Chowdhury Minhajul Islam Habiba Azad Raisa Habibur Rahman Monjurul Islam Sumon Md. Khalid Mahbub Khan Department of Computer Science and Engineering American International University Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Information System Central Michigan University Michigan United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering East West University Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Information Technology & Sciences (UITS) Dhaka Bangladesh

ISBN: (数字)9798331520762

ISBN: (纸本)9798331520779

The rapid growth of mobile applications, combined with an increasing reliance on these apps for a variety of purposes, has prompted serious concerns about user privacy and data security. This study aims to assess the privacy practices, data handling methods, and security vulnerabilities of mobile apps in a variety of categories, including social media, e-commerce, health and fitness, and financial management. This study identifies major privacy and security issues by examining privacy policies and terms of service, as well as how these apps handle sensitive data. The study also examines free and premium apps' privacy procedures, taking into account the implications for user data protection. The findings illustrate differences in data handling and security standards across different app categories, highlighting the importance of transparent privacy policies, strong security mechanisms, and limited data sharing to protect user information. The research helps to define standards and best practices for promoting secure app activity, increasing user confidence, and guaranteeing a safer digital environment.

关键词： Privacy Social networking (online) Data security Ecosystems Data protection Mobile applications Electronic commerce Protection Standards Best practices

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An explainable multi-objective hybrid machine learning model for reducing heart failure mortality

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PeerJ computer Science 2025年 11卷 e2682-e2682页

作者： Shamrat, F.M. Javed Mehedi Khalid, Majdi Qadah, Thamir M. Farrash, Majed Alshanbari, Hanan Department of Computer System and Technology Universiti Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Umm Al-Qura University Makkah Saudi Arabia Department of Computer and Network Engineering Collge of Computing Umm Al-Qura University Makkah Saudi Arabia

As the world grapples with pandemics and increasing stress levels among individuals, heart failure (HF) has emerged as a prominent cause of mortality on a global scale. The most effective approach to improving the chances of individuals’ survival is to diagnose this condition at an early stage. Researchers widely utilize supervised feature selection techniques alongside conventional standalone machine learning (ML) algorithms to achieve the goal. However, these approaches may not consistently demonstrate robust performance when applied to data that they have not encountered before, and struggle to discern intricate patterns within the data. Hence, we present a Multi-objective Stacked Enable Hybrid Model (MO-SEHM), that aims to find out the best feature subsets out of numerous different sets, considering multiple objectives. The Stacked Enable Hybrid Model (SEHM) plays the role of classifier and integrates with a multi-objective feature selection method, the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II). We employed an HF dataset from the Faisalabad Institute of Cardiology (FIOC) and evaluated six ML models, including SEHM with and without NSGA-II for experimental purposes. The Pareto front (PF) demonstrates that our introduced MO-SEHM surpasses the other models, obtaining 94.87% accuracy with the nine relevant features. Finally, we have applied Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations (LIME) with MO-SEHM to explain the reasons for individual outcomes, which makes our model transparent to the patients and stakeholders. Copyright 2025 Shamrat et al. Distributed under Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0

关键词： Heart

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Traffic Congestion Control with Emergency Awareness and Optimized Communication Infrastructure using Reinforcement Learning and Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm

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IEEE Access 2025年

作者： Al-Heety, Othman S. Zakaria, Zahriladha Abu-Khadrah, Ahmed Ismail, Mahamod Shakir, Mohammed Mudhafar Alani, Sameer Alsariera, Hussein Faculty of Electronic and Computer Engineering Durian Tunggal Malaysia Al-Balqa Applied University College of Engineering Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Amman Jordan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia UKM Bangi Department of Electrical Electronic and System Engineering Selangor Malaysia Faculty of Engineering and Electronic Engineering Batu Pahat Malaysia University of Anbar Computer Center Anbar5543 Iraq

Urban centers are grappling with increasing traffic congestion, which hampers mobility and reduces the effectiveness of emergency responses. Current traffic management systems struggle to dynamically prioritize emergency vehicles during peak congestion, highlighting the need for an advanced solution that improves both everyday traffic flow and emergency response efficiency. Traditional traffic light systems typically follow either fixed schedules ("Fixed"approach) or make real-time adjustments without achieving long-term efficiency ("Greedy"approach), often failing to effectively balance regular traffic dynamics with emergency needs. We propose the "Avg Log "method, an adaptive Q-learning strategy that enhances conventional traffic management systems by incorporating an emergency-aware module. This module uses real-time data to prioritize emergency vehicles and adjust traffic signals accordingly. Additionally, our approach employs a multi-objective optimization algorithm to strengthen communication infrastructure, optimizing latency, throughput, and reliability. Through simulations in a multi-intersection urban setting, we compared the performance of our method against the standard "Greedy"and "Fixed"approaches. Key metrics assessed included average waiting times, system throughput, and the efficiency of emergency vehicle passage. The "Avg Log"method outperformed traditional methods, showing superior long-term adaptability and learning. It demonstrated lower average waiting times and effectively managed emergency situations, significantly reducing delays for emergency vehicles compared to both control methods. This method provides an efficient balance between overall traffic flow and emergency prioritization, suggesting a scalable solution for complex urban environments. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Efficiency

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Skin cancer detection using deep machine learning techniques

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Intelligence-Based Medicine 2025年 11卷 100191-100191页

作者： Akinrinade, Olusoji Du, Chunglin Computer System Engineering Department Tshwane University of Technology South Africa University Soshaguve South Africa

Technological advancements have allowed people to have unfettered access to the internet from anywhere in the world. However, there is still little access to healthcare in rural and remote areas. This study highlights the potential of deep learning techniques in improving the early detection of skin cancer, a condition affecting millions globally. By addressing the challenges of class imbalance and dataset limitations, this research presents a model that can be integrated into digital health platforms, potentially saving lives by enabling earlier diagnosis and intervention, especially in underserved regions. The study also suggest using deep learning and few-shot learning when using machine learning techniques for skin cancer diagnosis. This study utilized a novel approach the use of raw images for training and test images for test data. These input images were then pre-processed using a deep model to identify and predict subsequent outputs using the model. In addition, the effect of the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) effect in predicting accuracy using a skin lesion's texture to differentiate between benign and malignant lesions in the body was also examined using retrieved image elements from skin photos that were significant to skin cancer identification. The study focuses on using deep learning techniques to improve the detection of skin cancer from dermoscopic images. Deep learning a top-tier method for classifying skin lesions, was applied to create an end-to-end algorithm that could identify skin cancer more accurately. A variety of deep learning backbones were utilized, addressing the challenge of class imbalance in large datasets and seeking ways to boost performance even when only small datasets are available. To overcome these obstacles, the research leveraged transfer learning, data augmentation, and Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs). It further explored different sampling techniques and loss functions that could be effective for imbalanced data

关键词： Accuracy Artificial intelligence Diseases Machine learning Patterns Skin cancer Skin detection

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ACGraph: Accelerating Streaming Graph Processing via Dependence Hierarchy 23

ACGraph: Accelerating Streaming Graph Processing via Depende...

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Proceedings of the 60th Annual ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference

作者： Zihan Jiang Fubing Mao Yapu Guo Xu Liu Haikun Liu Xiaofei Liao Hai Jin Wei Zhang National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering HKUST Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)9798350323481

Streaming graph processing needs to timely evaluate continuous queries. Prior systems suffer from massive redundant computations due to the irregular order of processing vertices influenced by updates. To address this issue, we propose ACGraph, a novel streaming graph processing approach for monotonic graph algorithms. It maintains dependence trees during runtime, and makes affected vertices processed in a top-to-bottom order in the hierarchy of the dependence trees, thus normalizing the state propagation order and coalescing of multiple propagation to the same vertices. Experimental results show that ACGraph reduces the number of updates by 50% on average, and achieves the speedup of 1.75~7.43× over state-of-the-art systems.

关键词： graph processing

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Skill-Based Edge-Brain Smart Manufacturing: A Case of Grasp Pose Selection Skill

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Procedia computer Science 2025年 253卷 2776-2790页

作者： Sukhan Lee Byungwoo Jang Seokjong Hyeon Soojin Lee Jaesun Lee Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea Department of Artificial Intelligence Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea Department of AI System Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea Department of Regional Industry Innovation Korea Institute of Industrial Technology Ulsan 44413 Republic of Korea

The edge-brain framework (EBF) is a S/W framework that allows manufacturers to easily integrate AI-empowered robot work skills into a legacy production system in an edge computing environment with minimal time and effort. For EBF-based smart manufacturing, is a skill-based task-level robot programming environment that plays a key role. In this paper, we present the grasp pose selection skill as a case study to demonstrate the proposed skill-based edge-brain smart manufacturing. The proposed grasp-pose selection skill determines the optimal 6D grasp pose associated with the target object in a cluttered workspace by taking into consideration grasp stability, object manipulability, and collision-free path efficacy. To achieve a real-time operation of optimal grasp pose selection skill, deep learning networks are designed to compute, in particular, the manipulability and collision-free path efficacy indices. Experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed real-time grasp pose selection skill developed for EBF-based smart manufacturing.

关键词： Grasp Pose Selection Skill Edge Brain Framework Grasp Stability Object Manipulability Collision-Free Path Efficacy

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