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Evaporation dynamics and deposition patterns of ethanol-based Al2O3 nanofluid droplets: Effects of particle sizes and substrate temperatures

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Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and engineering Aspects 2025年 719卷

作者： Wei, Youqiang Tao, Yuequn Lin, Yukai Feng, Yanhui Chu, Fuqiang School of Energy and Environmental Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing100083 China National Key Laboratory of Spacecraft Thermal Control Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering China Academy of Space Technology Beijing100094 China National Microgravity Laboratory Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Department of Energy and Power Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

The evaporation of nanofluid droplets holds significant potential for applications in thermal management. Nonetheless, the ways in which nanoparticles affect the evaporation dynamics and deposition properties of nanofluid droplets are still not well understood. Here, we investigate the effects of Al₂O₃ nanoparticle sizes and substrate temperatures on the wetting characteristics, evaporation rate, and particle deposition behavior of ethanol-Al₂O₃ nanofluid droplets. Additionally, the features and transitions of internal convective instabilities are observed and discussed. The results reveal that the addition of nanoparticles has a minor impact on the changes in wetting patterns during droplet evaporation, and all droplets evaporate in a mixed mode. Nanoparticle size plays a pivotal role in regulating deposition patterns and wetted area, which in turn indirectly affects the evaporation rate. Specifically, the heat flux at the solid-liquid interface and the evaporation rate are enhanced compared to the base fluid, with these differences becoming more pronounced at higher substrate temperatures and with larger nanoparticle sizes. The internal convection within the droplets is primarily driven by Marangoni flow, and the presence of nanoparticles has negligible influence on the flow behavior. Smaller nanoparticles tend to deposit near the center of the droplet, resulting in a reduced coffee-ring effect, whereas larger nanoparticles predominantly deposit at the contact line, forming a marked coffee ring. Therefore, by selecting nanoparticles of appropriate sizes, it is possible to enhance evaporation rates or mitigate the coffee-ring effect to meet the requirements of various industrial applications. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Nanoparticles

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Hierarchical Path Planning and Motion control Framework Using Adaptive Scale Based Bidirectional Search and Heuristic Learning Based Predictive control

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2025年

作者： Du, Guodong Zou, Yuan Zhang, Xudong Li, Zirui Liu, Qi ETH Zurich Institute of Dynamic System and Control Sonneggstrasse 3 Zurich Switzerland Beijing Institute of Technology National Engineering Laboratory for Electric Vehicles School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing China Beijing Institute of Technology National Engineering Laboratory for Electric Vehicles School of Mechanical Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing Beijing China Delft University of Technology Department of Transport and Planning CD Delft2628 Netherlands

Autonomous vehicles have been used for a variety of driving tasks, in which path planning and motion control are important research parts to realize the autonomous driving. A hierarchical framework consisting of path planning and motion control of the vehicle for non-specific scenarios is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the description and the formulations of the problem are given, and the corresponding models are constructed. Then, the logical construction of proposed framework is expounded with several logical associations and algorithmic improvements. The bidirectional heuristic planning with adaptive scale search is designed and incorporated with robust weighted regression algorithm to plan the optimal global path, while the multi-step predictive control method based on heuristic reinforcement learning algorithm is proposed to improve the effect of the motion control. The results show that the proposed framework for autonomous driving achieves better performance in both path planning and motion control than several existing algorithms and methods. The adaptability of hierarchical framework is demonstrated. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the hierarchical framework in real world scenario application is also validated. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Predictive control systems

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Quantitative detection of alkali metal Na based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technology

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Meitan Xuebao/Journal of the China Coal Society 2025年第4期50卷 2262-2270页

作者： Shen, Sijie Li, Chi Zhou, Wangzheng Wang, Zhenzhen Yan, Junjie Hou, Zongyu Wang, Zhe Deguchi, Yoshihiro School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China State Key Laboratory of Power System Operation and Control Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Institute for Carbon Neutrality Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Department of Energy and Power Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy Tsinghua University Taiyuan030032 China Graduate School of Technology Industrial and Social Sciences Tokushima University Tokushima770-8506 Japan

The alkali metal compounds released from high alkali fuels such as low-quality coal during thermal utilization can affect the normal operation of thermal equipment. Therefore, rapid online detection of alkali metal content in low-quality coal is of great significance for controlling alkali metal release during combustion. The alkali metal Na element is used as the detection object, and the mixed samples of graphite and sodium chloride powder with different ratios are used as experimental samples. The influencing factors of measuring Na element in samples using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technology are studied. The impact of two signal strength calculation methods on signal stability is compared. The influence of experimental parameters on signal strength and signal-to-noise ratio is analyzed. The quantitative calculation models for Na element have been established. Research has shown that the characteristic spectral lines of Na element, Na I 588.995 nm and Na I 589.592 nm, are suitable as the main analytical spectral lines. Using the area intensity of the dual line characteristic spectral lines of Na element as the signal intensity can effectively improve signal stability. When the laser energy is 60 mJ and the delay time is 1 000 ns, the relative standard deviation of spectral signal intensity is low and the signal-to-noise ratio is high. The quantitative calculation models are established using traditional calibration method, partial least squares (PLS) method, and support vector machine (SVR) with spectral signal intensity as the input and Na element addition in the sample as the output. The accuracy of each model is compared and analyzed. The results indicate that the PLS model may exhibit overfitting when the sample size is small and the input quantity is large. The fitting accuracy of the SVR model is 0.978 3, the root mean square percentage error of the training set is 13.42%, and the root mean square percentage error of the test set is 13.51

关键词： Sodium chloride

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Neural-LAFC: A Neural Learning Adaptive Flight controller for Tailless Flapping-Wing Robots Under Uncertain Wind Disturbance Conditions

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IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic systems 2025年

作者： Guo, Qingcheng Zhang, Yichen Mou, Jiawang Liu, Wu Wu, Xiaosheng Lu, Jun-Guo Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Automation China Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education of China China National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology Shanghai200240 China Shanghai Jiao Tong University National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology China Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Micro/Nano Electronics School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai200240 China Designing Institute of Hubei Space Technology Academy Wuhan China Ministry of Education of China Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Shanghai200240 China

Enabling bio-inspired flapping-wing robots (FWRs) to maintain stable flight in windy environments, similar to real flying creatures, is of significant importance. In this work, a neural learning-based adaptive flight controller (Neural-LAFC) is proposed for the attitude and position control of a tailless FWR under uncertain wind conditions. The key approach involves employing a deep neural network (DNN) that incorporates not only attitude information but also instantaneous flapping angles of the wings to learn the aerodynamic torques that cannot be accurately modeled. The training data are obtained from flight experiments conducted with the FWR in a wind tunnel environment. Subsequently, a composite adaptive law is presented to update a set of linear coefficients. These linear coefficients are utilized to blend the pre-trained basis functions to represent the aerodynamic torques. The tracking errors are shown to exponentially converge to a bounded region, as guaranteed by a Lyapunov function. Based on the learning-based attitude controller, we also develop an adaptive controller for position control. Notably, apart from the training phase, the FWR operates without prior knowledge of wind speed. Experimental results demonstrate that the Neural-LAFC successfully achieves the desired attitude stabilization, target point tracking, and path tracking of the FWR in windy conditions. The proposed control scheme also outperforms baseline controllers in wind disturbance suppression, reducing the root mean square position errors by more than 40% when the FWR is subjected to a horizontal wind within the speed of 180 {cm s{-1}}. © 1965-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Wind tunnels

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Secure-by-Construction Synthesis for control systems

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IEEE Transactions on Automatic control 2025年第6期70卷 4170-4177页

作者： Zhong, Bingzhuo Liu, Siyuan Caccamo, Marco Zamani, Majid Thrust of Artificial Intelligence Information Hub The Thrust of Intelligent Transportation System Hub China KTH Royal Institute of Technology Division of Decision and Control Systems Stockholm Sweden Technical University of Munich TUM School of Engineering and Design Germany University of Colorado Boulder Department of Computer Science United States Ludwig Maximilian University Department of Computer Science Munich Germany

In this note, we present the synthesis of secure-by-construction controllers that address safety and security properties simultaneously in cyber-physical systems. Our focus is on studying a specific security property called opacity, which characterizes the system's ability to maintain plausible deniability of its secret behavior in the presence of an intruder. These controllers are synthesized based on a concept of so-called (augmented) control barrier functions. We propose conditions that facilitate the construction of the desired (augmented) control barrier functions and their corresponding secure-by-construction controllers. To compute these functions, we propose an iterative scheme that leverages iterative sum-of-square programming techniques. This approach enables efficient computation of these functions, particularly for polynomial systems. Finally, we validate the effectiveness of our results through a case study of a vehicle. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Iterative methods

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Efficient Hybrid Multi-Population Genetic Algorithm for Multi-UAV Task Assignment in Consumer Electronics Applications

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IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 2025年

作者： Bai, Xiaoshan Jiang, Haoyu Li, Chao Ullah, Inam Dabel, Maryam M. Al Bashir, Ali Kashif Wu, Zongze Sam, Shuzhi Shenzhen University College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen518060 China Shenzhen University College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering Shenzhen518060 China Shenzhen University Shenzhen City Joint Laboratory of Autonomous Unmanned Systems and Intelligent Manipulation Shenzhen518060 China Tashkent State University of Economics Department of Artificial Intelligence Tashkent100066 Uzbekistan University of Hafr Al Batin Department of Computer Science and Engineering College of Computer Science and Engineering Saudi Arabia Manchester Metropolitan University Manchester United Kingdom Shenzhen518060 China National University of Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Singapore117576 Singapore

In recent years, as people’s living standards have improved and consumption concepts have been transformed, the demand for purchasing consumer electronics online has continued to grow, further stimulating the development of the logistics industry. Consequently, how to deliver consumer electronics to households at minimal cost has become a crucial factor that limits the development of the consumer technology industry. To tackle this problem, this paper studies the task assignment problem for multiple initially dispersed UAVs to deliver products to target locations while minimizing their total operation time. Each UAV can continuously provide delivery services to multiple target locations within its limited loading capacity and operation time. To solve this problem, we propose several hybrid multipopulation genetic algorithms. First, a novel crossover operator for the genetic algorithms is designed, through which a single parent chromosome can generate offspring individually. Second, two mutation mechanisms are performed to increase gene diversity. Third, multiple local search strategies are employed to enhance the populations’ fitness during each iteration of evolution. An improved 2-opt local search strategy is applied to optimize individual chromosomes when their similarity with the current best chromosome falls below a prescribed threshold. Alternatively, local search strategies are utilized for 1-opt, 2h-opt and interchange processes. Combining local search strategies, genetic operators, and the multi-population mechanism leads to several hybrid multi-population genetic algorithms. Numerical simulations and experimental tests demonstrate that the hybrid multi-population genetic algorithm, integrated with the improved 2-opt and 1-opt local search strategies, exhibits superior performance among the designed hybrid genetic algorithms, the minimum marginal cost algorithm (MMA), and the existing popular Co-evolutionary Multi-population Genetic Algorithm (CMGA). In exp

关键词： Genetic algorithms

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Distributionally robust electricity-carbon collaborative scheduling of integrated energy systems based on refined joint model of heating networks and buildings

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Renewable Energy 2025年 251卷

作者： Chen, Haipeng Song, Jianzhao Li, Zhiwei Shui, Siyuan Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation and Control & Renewable Energy Technology Ministry of Education Northeast Electric Power University Jilin 132012 China Department of Electrical Engineering Northeast Electric Power University Jilin 132012 China School of Automation and Engineering Northeast Electric Power University Jilin 132012 China Northeast Electric Power University Jilin 132012 China

The rapid increase in the grid integration demand of intermittent renewable energy (RE) has raised higher requirements for the flexible regulation and energy storage capacity of integrated energy systems (IES) with combined heat and power (CHP) units. To solve the issues of efficient accommodation of high proportion RE and low-carbon economic operation of the system, this study proposes an optimal scheduling method for IES based on a refined joint model of heating networks and buildings. Firstly, a refined thermal energy transmission model integrating heating networks and buildings is established to accurately depict the dynamic thermal energy transmission process within the system. Then, this paper proposes an electricity - carbon demand response considering the dynamic carbon emission factor, guiding users to use electricity in a low-carbon way. A distributionally robust optimization (DRO) scheduling model is established to quantify the impact of RE output uncertainty, which is efficiently solved using the column and constraint generation algorithm. The simulation results show that the proposed DRO model ensures the robustness of system operation while improving low-carbon economic benefits. Notably, the RE consumption rate is increased by 9.52 % compared with traditional scheduling methods, which provides an essential reference for promoting the sustainable development of IES. © 2025

关键词： Thermal energy

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Prescribed Performance control for a Nonlinear system With Actuator Saturation via Anti-Windup Design

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IEEE Transactions on Circuits and systems I: Regular Papers 2025年

作者： Lai, Wenxin Li, Yuanlong Lin, Zongli Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Automation Shanghai 200240 China Ministry of Education of China Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Shanghai 200240 China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Control and Management Shanghai 200240 China University of Virginia Charles L. Brown Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Charlottesville 22904 VA United States

In this paper, within the prescribed performance control framework, we revisit the output tracking problem of a nonlinear system with input saturation, user-specified performance and external disturbances. To handle the intrinsic conflict between actuator saturation and performance requirements, we introduce a novel auxiliary system, which is driven by an artificial saturation nonlinearity, to generate modification signals for relaxing the prescribed performance functions. To further alleviate the adverse effects caused by actuator saturation, we incorporate a new performance-based anti-windup compensator into the control framework. In particular, the auxiliary system is designed to adjust the external performance requirements, and the anti-windup compensator is used for improving the internal saturation handling capability. Moreover, we employ a predetermined weighting coefficient to balance between the auxiliary system and the anti-windup compensator for better control performance. To deal with external disturbances, we construct a series of disturbance observers. With the help of dynamic surface control strategies, we develop a state-feedback control law. Theoretical analysis establishes the boundedness of all signals. Finally, an academic example and a tunnel diode circuit system are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of our control strategy. © 2004-2012 IEEE.

关键词： activation mechanism Actuator saturation anti-windup disturbance observers prescribed performance reference tracking

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Dual Encoder Cross-Shape Transformer Network for Medical Image Segmentation in Internet of Medical Things for Consumer Health

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IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 2025年

作者： Zhao, Yawu Wang, Shudong Zhang, Yulin Ren, Yande Zhang, Yuanyuan Pang, Shanchen the School of Computer Science and Technology China University of Petroleum Shandong Qingdao China the College of Mathematics and System Science Shandong University of Science and Technology Shandong Qingdao China the Department of Medical Imaging Center the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Shandong Qingdao China the School of Information and Control Engineering Qingdao University of Technology Shandong Qingdao China

In emerging consumer healthcare, high-performance and robust medical image segmentation methods are essential for personalized diagnosis and treatment. Thus, early screening of aneurysms reduces the risk of aneurysm rupture and provides therapeutic and preventive measures. However, uncontrollable factors such as uncertainty in the size and location shape of tumors in medical images a significant challenge to medical image segmentation. These factors make extracting high-quality features from aneurysm images difficult, resulting in poor segmentation. Then, we designed a dual encoder cross-shape transform network (DECSTNet) to capture aneurysm feature information. The dual encoder structure can extract aneurysm feature information at different scales, the adaptive dynamic feature fusion module can fuse features at different scales between the encoders, and the cross-shape window transform layer can compute the width and height of the image in parallel for local self-attention, which enhances the interactive capability of the telematic information while realizing the complementarity of the local information. Through extensive experiments, we demonstrate the excellent segmentation performance of DECSTNet on the private and three public datasets. Noteworthy our method has significant segmentation performance and fewer parameters, making it well-suited to be deployed on IoMT diagnostic platforms for medical image segmentation to promote healthy patient consumption. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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Pathological axonal enlargement in connection with amyloidosis,lysosome destabilization,and bleeding is a major defect in Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2026年第2期21卷 790-799页

作者： Hualin Fu Jilong Li Chunlei Zhang Guo Gao Qiqi Ge Xinping Guan Daxiang Cui Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering School of Sensing Science and EngineeringSchool of Electronic Information and Electrical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Institute of Marine Equipment Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina National Center for Translational Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina The Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of EducationShanghaiChina

Alzheimer’s disease is a multi-amyloidosis disease characterized by amyloid-βdeposits in brain blood vessels,microaneurysms,and senile *** amyloid-βdeposition affects axon pathology has not been examined *** used immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining to analyze the forebrain tissue slices of Alzheimer’s disease *** axonal amyloidosis with distinctive axonal enlargement was observed in patients with Alzheimer’s *** average,amyloid-β-positive axon diameters in Alzheimer’s disease brains were 1.72 times those of control brain ***,axonal amyloidosis was associated with microtubule-associated protein 2 reduction,tau phosphorylation,lysosome destabilization,and several blood-related markers,such as apolipoprotein E,alpha-hemoglobin,glycosylated hemoglobin type A1C,and *** destabilization in Alzheimer’s disease was also clearly identified in the neuronal soma,where it was associated with the co-expression of amyloid-β,Cathepsin D,alpha-hemoglobin,actin alpha 2,and collagen type *** suggests that exogenous hemorrhagic protein intake influences neural lysosome ***,the data showed that amyloid-β-containing lysosomes were 2.23 times larger than control ***,under rare conditions,axonal breakages were observed,which likely resulted in Wallerian *** summary,axonal enlargement associated with amyloidosis,micro-bleeding,and lysosome destabilization is a major defect in patients with Alzheimer’s *** finding suggests that,in addition to the well-documented neural soma and synaptic damage,axonal damage is a key component of neuronal defects in Alzheimer’s disease.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease amyloid-β amyloidosis axonal enlargement hemoglobin hemorrhage lysosome destabilization neuropil thread tau Wallerian degeneration

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