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Optimizing Gene Expression Analysis Using Clustering Algorithms 1

5th International Conference on Computer and Communication Technologies, IC3T 2023

作者： Bikku, Thulasi Ramu, J. Sekhar, J. Chandra Pratap, V. Krishna Pujari, Jeevana Jyothi Computer Science and Engineering Amrita School of Computing Amaravati Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Andhra Pradesh Amaravati522503 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering NRI Institute of Technology Andhra Pradesh Guntur India Department of Database Systems School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Tamilnadu Vellore632014 India

ISBN: (数字)9789819997077

ISBN: (纸本)9789819997060

Gene expression analysis plays a crucial role in understanding biological processes and diseases. However, the high-dimensional nature of gene expression data poses challenges for its analysis and interpretation. Clustering algorithms have been widely used for identifying patterns in gene expression data, but their effectiveness is limited by the choice of algorithm and parameters used. In this study, we propose an approach for optimizing gene expression analysis using clustering algorithms. Initially, a range of clustering techniques were assessed, encompassing K-means, hierarchical clustering, and DBSCAN. This assessment was conducted using gene expression information sourced from a publicly accessible database. Subsequently, various techniques for feature selection were employed. These techniques encompassed principal component analysis (PCA) as well as correlation-based feature selection (CFS). Their objective was twofold: to decrease the data's dimensionality and to enhance the effectiveness of the clustering process. From the study, we came to know that the combination of K-means clustering with PCA feature selection outperformed other methods in terms of clustering accuracy and stability. We also identified a set of genes that were consistently associated with different clusters, providing insights into the underlying biological processes. Overall, our study demonstrates the importance of careful algorithm and parameter selection for gene expression analysis and highlights the potential of clustering algorithms for identifying meaningful patterns in gene expression data. The suggested methodology entails merging DBSCAN with K-means clustering, which could be extended to diverse high-dimensional datasets for the enhancement of their analysis and comprehension. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Principal component analysis

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ChatGPT, Let Us Chat Sign Language: Experiments, Architectural Elements, Challenges and Research Directions

ChatGPT, Let Us Chat Sign Language: Experiments, Architectur...

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2023 International Symposium on Networks, Computers and Communications, ISNCC 2023

作者： Shahin, Nada Ismail, Leila Lab UAE University Department of CS and Software Engineering Al-Ain United Arab Emirates School of Computing and Information Systems CLOUDS Lab The University of Melbourne Melbourne Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350335590

ChatGPT is a language model based on Generative AI. Existing research work on ChatGPT focused on its use in various domains. However, its potential for Sign Language Translation (SLT) is yet to be explored. This paper addresses this void. Therefore, we present GPT's evolution aiming a retrospective analysis of the improvements to its architecture for SLT. We explore ChatGPT's capabilities in translating different sign languages in paving the way to better accessibility for deaf and hard-of-hearing community. Our experimental results indicate that ChatGPT can accurately translate from English to American (ASL), Australian (AUSLAN), and British (BSL) sign languages and from Arabic Sign Language (ArSL) to English with only one prompt iteration. However, the model failed to translate from Arabic to ArSL and ASL, AUSLAN, and BSL to Arabic. Consequently, we present challenges and derive insights for future research directions. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Audition

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Automated approach to predict cerebral stroke based on fuzzy inference and convolutional neural network

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年 1-22页

作者： Alrowais, Fadwa Jamjoom, Arwa A. Karamti, Hanen Umer, Muhammad Alsubai, Shtwai Abate, Andrea F. Ashraf, Imran Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems Faculty of Computing and Information Technology King Abdulaziz University Jeddah21589 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Bahawalpur Pakistan Department of Computer Science College of Computer Engineering and Sciences Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University P.O. Box 151 Al-Kharj11942 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science University of Salerno Fisciano84084 Italy Department of Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam University Gyeongsan38541 Korea Republic of

Cerebral stroke indicates a neurological impairment caused by a localized injury to the central nervous system resulting from a diminished blood supply to the brain. Today, stroke stands as a global menace linked to the premature mortality of millions of people globally. Consequently, it is crucial to simulate how different risk factors impact the incidence of strokes and artificial intelligence is emerging as a suitable tool for achieving this goal. This study aims to construct dependable learning prediction models for stroke illness. The proposed approach can handle the inherent difficulty posed by a significant imbalance in classes, where the number of stroke patients is notably smaller compared to the healthy class. The study also provides a model based on an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system logic and convolutional neural networks (CNN) for accurate stroke prediction. An adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system logic approach is adopted as it incorporates the capabilities of artificial intelligence and fuzzy inference, thereby having the potential to yield superior outcomes. The efficacy of the suggested method is extensively analyzed involving machine and deep learning classifiers and considering metrics relevant to encompass both the capacity for generalization and the accuracy in predicting. The proposed fuzzy-CNN model outperforms with the most considerable accuracy of 98.97% when using the original dataset, resampled dataset, and data imputation. K-fold cross-validation also shows superior results with an average accuracy of 99.6% for five folds. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Forecasting

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A novel U-net model for brain tumor segmentation from MRI images

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Alexandria engineering Journal 2025年 126卷 220-230页

作者： Obayya, Marwa Alshuhail, Asma Mahmood, Khalid Alanazi, Meshari H. Alqahtani, Mohammed Aljehane, Nojood O. Almansour, Hamad Al-Hagery, Mohammed Abdullah Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University PO Box 84428 Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems College of Computer Sciences & Information Technology King Faisal university Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems Applied College at Mahayil King Khalid University Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Sciences Northern Border University Arar Saudi Arabia Department of Information System and Cyber Security College of Computing and Information Technology University of Bisha Bisha61922 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computers and Information Technology University of Tabuk Tabuk Saudi Arabia Applied Collage Najran University Najran Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computer Qassim University Saudi Arabia

Segmentation of brain tumors aids in diagnosing the disease early, planning treatment, and monitoring its progression in medical image analysis. Automation is necessary to eliminate the time and variability associated with traditional segmentation methods. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and U-Net architectures have demonstrated their efficiency and effectiveness in segmenting brain tumors from MRI images using deep learning techniques. The paper presents an improved U-Net-based segmentation algorithm that integrates nested skip paths to improve encoder-decoder feature fusion. The performance of segmentation was optimized by utilizing a variety of activation functions and loss functions, including Dice Loss and Intersection over Union (IoU). A high level of accuracy was demonstrated in the proposed model when it was evaluated using the LGG Segmentation Dataset. The proposed approach for segmenting medical images has been shown to be both robust and efficient in a comparative analysis. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Analyzing Deep Learning Techniques in Natural Scene Image Classification

Analyzing Deep Learning Techniques in Natural Scene Image Cl...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Big Data, BigData 2024

作者： Kanavos, Athanasios Papadimitriou, Orestis Al-Hussaeni, Khalil Karamitsos, Ioannis Maragoudakis, Manolis University of the Aegean Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering Samos Greece Rochester Institute of Technology Computing Sciences Department Dubai United Arab Emirates Rochester Institute of Technology Graduate and Research Department Dubai United Arab Emirates Ionian University Department of Informatics Corfu Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9798350362480

Image classification is a fundamental task in computer vision, with wide applications including autonomous navigation, content recommendation, and environmental monitoring. This paper offers a comprehensive comparative analysis of deep learning techniques using the Intel Natural Scenes Image dataset, which features diverse scenes such as forests, mountains, seas, streets, buildings, and glaciers. Our study evaluates the performance of various Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures, focusing on aspects such as network design, hyperparameters, data augmentation, and transfer learning strategies. We describe our experimental setup in detail, including the CNN models used, preprocessing techniques applied, and evaluation metrics employed. The results and discussions present key findings, highlighting the strengths and limitations of the approaches studied and providing guidance for future research and practical applications. Our systematic analysis yields valuable insights into effective strategies for recognizing natural scenes. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Bidirectional LSTM-Based Energy Consumption Forecasting:Advancing AI-Driven Cloud Integration for Cognitive City Energy Management

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第5期83卷 2907-2926页

作者： Sheik Mohideen Shah Meganathan Selvamani Mahesh Thyluru Ramakrishna Surbhi Bhatia Khan Shakila Basheer Wajdan Al Malwi Mohammad Tabrez Quasim Department of Computer Science and Engineering Srinivasa Ramanujan CentreSASTRA Deemed UniversityKumbakonam612001India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyJAIN(Deemed-to-be University)Bangalore562112India School of Science Engineering and EnvironmentUniversity of SalfordManchesterM54WTUK University Centre for Research and Development Chandigarh UniversityMohali140413PunjabIndia Centre for Research Impact and Outcome Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and TechnologyChitkara UniversityRajpura140401PunjabIndia Department of Information Systems College ofComputer and Information SciencePrincessNourah bintAbdulrahmanUniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia College of Computer Science Informatics and Computer Systems Department King Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence College of Computing and Information TechnologyUniversity of BishaBisha61922Saudi Arabia

Efficient energy management is a cornerstone of advancing cognitive cities,where AI,IoT,and cloud computing seamlessly integrate to meet escalating global energy *** this context,the ability to forecast electricity consumption with precision is vital,particularly in residential settings where usage patterns are highly variable and *** study presents an innovative approach to energy consumption forecasting using a bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)*** a dataset containing over twomillionmultivariate,time-series observations collected froma single household over nearly four years,ourmodel addresses the limitations of traditional time-series forecasting methods,which often struggle with temporal dependencies and non-linear *** bidirectional LSTM architecture processes data in both forward and backward directions,capturing past and future contexts at each time step,whereas existing unidirectional LSTMs consider only a single temporal *** design,combined with dropout regularization,leads to a 20.6%reduction in RMSE and an 18.8%improvement in MAE over conventional unidirectional LSTMs,demonstrating a substantial enhancement in prediction accuracy and *** to existing models—including SVM,Random Forest,MLP,ANN,and CNN—the proposed model achieves the lowest MAE of 0.0831 and RMSE of 0.2213 during testing,significantly outperforming these *** results highlight the model’s superior ability to navigate the complexities of energy usage patterns,reinforcing its potential application in AI-driven IoT and cloud-enabled energy management systems for cognitive *** integrating advanced machine learning techniqueswith IoT and cloud infrastructure,this research contributes to the development of intelligent,sustainable urban environments.

关键词： Deep learning bidirectional LSTM energy consumption forecasting time-series analysis predictive modeling machine learning in energy management

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One solution of a Distributed System intended for communication between ADAS and IVI systems

One solution of a Distributed System intended for communicat...

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2023 IEEE Zooming Innovation in Consumer Technologies Conference, ZINC 2023

作者： Cabrilo, Vuk Kenjic, Dusan Zlatkovic, Radomir Antic, Marija University of Novi Sad Faculty of Technical Sciences Department of Computing and Control Engineering Novi Sad Serbia RT-RK Institute of Computer Based Systems Novi Sad Serbia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350347722

Current trends of digitalization and automation in the automotive industry have increased the complexity of computer clusters in different domains of vehicular ecosystems, which are required to support new features. This has led to redundancy in resource usage in specific use cases, resulting in increased production costs and manufacturer suggested retail price (MSRP) markups for the finalized products. The average retail price of a new vehicle in the United States increased by 13.4% between 2015 and 2020. Considering the global chip shortage of 2020 and current global inflation, the average price of a new vehicle in the United States reached 49,500 in 2023 [1]. With the electrification of current automotive platforms underway, as well as the move to centralized system architectures, new approaches to inter-domain communication are expected. This paper proposes a solution of a distributed AUTOSAR Adaptive system that can establish communication with the In-Vehicle Infotainment (IVI) domain. The proof of concept implemented in a controlled environment proves viable for inter-domain communication, as it provides good scalability and adaptability to different scenarios. The use of a distributed approach facilitates the applicability of distributed system principles, allowing for the implementation of a stable system. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Vehicles

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Polar Region Climate Dynamics: Deep Learning and Remote Sensing Integration for Monitoring Arctic and Antarctic Changes

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Remote Sensing in Earth systems Sciences 2024年第4期7卷 582-595页

作者： Maniraj, Subramanian Pitchiah Rose, Jesuharan Dafni Arunachalam, Rohini Rangasamy, Kotteeswaran Patil, Vishal Ratansing Kathirvelu, Selvakumarasamy Department of Data Science and Business Systems School of Computing SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur Campus Chennai India Department of Computer Science and Engineering St. Joseph’s Institute of Technology Chennai India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Anil Neerukonda Institute of Technology and Sciences Andhra Pradesh Visakhapatnam India Joseph’s College of Engineering Chennai 600119 India Department of CSE(AIML) Vishwakarma Institute of Technology Pune India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Saveetha School of Engineering (SIMATS) Chennai India

The polar regions of the Earth, specifically the Arctic and Antarctic, play a pivotal role in regulating the planet’s climate systems. These regions are highly sensitive to climate change, with observable shifts such as diminishing sea ice, retreating glaciers, and rising temperatures. Understanding these dynamics is essential for predicting broader global climate impacts. This paper presents a novel approach for monitoring and predicting these changes by integrating an attention-based transformer model with a 3D convolutional neural network (3D-CNN). The proposed model is designed to capture both the spatial features of satellite imagery and the temporal dynamics of climate data, offering enhanced predictive capabilities for key climate variables such as sea ice extent, glacier movement, and temperature variations. The dataset was split into 80% training and 20% testing with tenfold cross-validation, and the model was trained using the Adam optimizer. The results show that the proposed model achieved a remarkable accuracy of 97.43%, outperforming traditional CNN and RNN models. The model also demonstrated a precision of 98.12% for sea ice extent prediction, a 96.45% precision for glacier movement detection, and a mean squared error (MSE) of 0.35 °C for temperature predictions. These findings suggest that deep learning models, specifically the integration of transformer and 3D-CNN architectures, can significantly contribute to polar region climate monitoring, offering improved tools for scientific research and policymaking. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024. corrected publication 2024.

关键词： 3D convolutional neural network Attention-based transformer Climate dynamics Deep learning Glacier movement Polar region Remote sensing Sea ice extent Spatial–temporal analysis Temperature prediction

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Enhancing Low-Dose CT Image Quality Through Deep Learning: A DoG-Sharpened U-Net Approach With Attention Mechanism

Enhancing Low-Dose CT Image Quality Through Deep Learning: A...

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2024 ASU International Conference in Emerging Technologies for Sustainability and Intelligent systems, ICETSIS 2024

作者： Zubair, Muhammad Rais, Helmi B Md Ullah, Fasee Yousafzai, Arsalaan Khan Hassan, Farrukh Universiti Teknologi Petronas Department of Computer and Information Sciences Seri Iskandar32610 Malaysia Universiti Teknologi Petronas Department of Civil and Enviromental Engineering Seri Iskandar32610 Malaysia Sunway University Bandar University Sunway Department of Computing and Information Systems School of Engineering and Technology Selangor Darul Ehsan 47500 Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350372229

Computed Tomography (CT) scans utilize electromagnetic radiation. However, the excessive exposure of a patient's body during CT acquisition poses potential health risks. Subsequently, the integration of low-dose CT scans has resulted in an escalation of noise, artifacts, and a discernible decline in the overall quality of CT imaging, significantly impacting the diagnostic capabilities of Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) system. Removing these noises and artifacts while preserving critical information is a challenging task. Traditional noise reduction algorithms are expensive, produce blurry results, and rely on challenging sinogram data. As a result, deep learning-based image-denoising approaches have emerged. This study introduces a DoG-UNet+ model which incorporates a novel layer called the 'Difference of Gaussians (DoG) Sharpening Layer' into the U-Net architecture. This layer utilizes two distinct convolutional kernels, termed 'fat' and 'skinny,' aimed to capturing diverse scales of features. To increase the clinical detection precision, an attention mechanism has been added to focus on the critical features in CT images. This model has been compared with the most recent algorithms based on the Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), and Structural Similarity Index (SSIM). The outcomes showed superior performance of DoG-UNet+ model, showcasing promising and notable results compared to existing methods. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Computed Tomography Deep Learning Image Enhancement LDCT Noise Removal

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Analysis of Machine Learning (ML) and Internet of Things (IoT): A Scientometric Review 20

Analysis of Machine Learning (ML) and Internet of Things (Io...

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20th IEEE International Colloquium on Signal Processing and Its Applications, CSPA 2024

作者： Ajibade, Samuel-Soma M. Jasser, Muhammed Basheer Legaspino, Rosie Fe B. Gimeno, Anabella R. Ypanto, Leomar A. Baird, Jeem Clyde C. Adediran, Anthonia Oluwatosin Sunway University School Of Engineering And Technology Department Of Computing And Information Systems Selangor Malaysia Cebu Technological University Cebu Moalboal Philippines Federal University Of Uberlandia Faculty Of Architecture And Urban Design Uberlândia Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9798350382310

The objective of this paper is to critically examine the publication's trends and research landscape on the Internet of Things and Machine Learning (Io T-ML) research through bibliometric analysis (BA). The Elsevier Scopus database was selected to identify, screen, and analyze the published documents on IoT-ML. The publication trends and major stakeholders on the topic were subsequently. BA was performed to examine the co-authorships, keyword occurrences, and citations using VOSviewer software. Lastly, a systematic literature review was performed to summarize the scientific and technological advancements. Results revealed that the publications on IoT-ML largely comprise articles, conference proceedings, and reviews, whereas the publication trends showed an increase from 2 to 105 between 2015 and 2021. The top researchers on IoT-ML are S. Baskar, M. Guizani, and A. Souri, whereas the top institution is the Vellore Institute of Technology (India). However, the top country and research funder are;India, and National Natural Science Foundation (China), respectively. BA showed that the research landscape on IoT-ML comprises numerous networks of co-authors and countries working on related themes. The most impactful publication is Mahdavinejad et al. (2018) which has 479 citations, whereas the most prestigious journal is the IEEE Io T journal with 9 published documents in Scopus. Keyword analysis revealed IoT-ML has potential applications in health care, medicine, computer security and data analytics etc. Overall, IoT-ML has significant socio-economic and research impacts, and as such, the field will witness geometric techno-scientific growth and development in the future, particularly in the areas of network security and big data analytics. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Machine learning

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