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PACLIC 23 - Proceedings of the 23rd Pacific Asia Conference on Language, Information and Computation 2009年 2卷 733-740页

作者： Liang, Weiming Huang, Chang-Ning Li, Mu Lu, Bao-Liang Center for Brain-Like Computing and Machine Intelligence Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dong Chuan Road Shanghai 200240 China Microsoft Research Asia 49 Zhichun Road Haidian District Beijing 100080 China MOE-Microsoft Key Laboratory for Intelligent Computing and Intelligent Systems Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dong Chuan Road Shanghai 200240 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789624423198

Keyphrases extracted from articles are beneficial in helping people boost browsing speed, but unfortunately keyphrases are rarely available for news articles due to the high expense of labor and time for manual annotation. This paper proposes a practical approach to extracting keyphrases for Chinese news articles using the Text Rank and query log knowledge. Previous work is word based, while our approach uses phrase as its basic element. We generate phrases by employing several statistical criteria with the huge amount of queries as a training corpus. We use Text Rank, a graph-based learning algorithm, for extracting keyphrases from Chinese news articles. In addition, two instructive features, lengths and positions of phrases, are incorporated into the Text Rank model. Experimental results demonstrate that our methods improve the performance significantly. © 2009 by Weiming Liang, Chang-Ning Huang, Mu Li, and Bao-Liang Lu.

关键词： Graphic methods

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Simple adaptive dynamical control of vehicles driven by omnidirectional wheels

Simple adaptive dynamical control of vehicles driven by omni...

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International Conference on Computational Cybernetics (ICCC)

作者： J.K. Tar I.J. Rudas I. Nagy K.R. Kozłowski J.A. Tenreiro Machado Telematics and Communications Informatics Knowledge Centre Hungary John von Neumann Faculty of Informatics Hungary Bánki Donát Faculty of Mechanical & Safety Engineering Budapest University슠of슠Technology슠and슠Economics Budapest Hungary Control and Systems Engineering Computing Science & Management Poznań University of Technology Poznan Poland Department of Electrotechnical Engineering Institute Engineering of Porto Porto Portugal

Precise control of Automatic Guided Vehicles (AGVs) navigating between the aisles of manufacturing systems by the use of local markers is an important task. On the basis of the geometric model of the workspace and the vehicles and that of the sensor uncertainties precise trajectories were recently generated along which the vehicle safely can move. In order to achieve precise trajectory tracking the effects of the system's dynamical uncertainties (modeling errors and possible external perturbations) have to be compensated. In the present paper a simple, fixed point transformations based adaptive control is proposed for this purpose. The proposed method is tested via simulation for a vehicle of triangular shape, driven by three omnidirectional wheels. The method is also able to monitor and evade the conditions that may lead to turning over the vehicle.

关键词： Programmable control Adaptive control Vehicle driving Wheels Automatic control Vehicles Vehicle safety Uncertainty Control systems Navigation

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Machine learning based online performance prediction for runtime parallelization and task scheduling

Machine learning based online performance prediction for run...

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IEEE International Symposium on Performance Analysis of systems and Software

作者： Jiangtian Li Xiaosong Ma Karan Singh Martin Schulz Bronis R. de Supinski Sally A. McKee Department of Computer Science North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA Computer Science and Mathematics Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN USA Computer Systems Laboratory Cornell University Ithaca NY USA Center of Applied Scientific Computing Lawrence Livemore National Laboratory Livermore CA USA Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Goteborg Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9781424441853

With the emerging many-core paradigm, parallel programming must extend beyond its traditional realm of scientific applications. Converting existing sequential applications as well as developing next-generation software requires assistance from hardware, compilers and runtime systems to exploit parallelism transparently within applications. These systems must decompose applications into tasks that can be executed in parallel and then schedule those tasks to minimize load imbalance. However, many systems lack a priori knowledge about the execution time of all tasks to perform effective load balancing with low scheduling overhead. In this paper, we approach this fundamental problem using machine learning techniques first to generate performance models for all tasks and then applying those models to perform automatic performance prediction across program executions. We also extend an existing scheduling algorithm to use generated task cost estimates for online task partitioning and scheduling. We implement the above techniques in the pR framework, which transparently parallelizes scripts in the popular R language, and evaluate their performance and overhead with both a real-world application and a large number of synthetic representative test scripts. Our experimental results show that our proposed approach significantly improves task partitioning and scheduling, with maximum improvements of 21.8%, 40.3% and 22.1% and average improvements of 15.9%, 16.9% and 4.2% for LMM (a real R application) and synthetic test cases with independent and dependent tasks, respectively.

关键词： Machine learning Runtime Application software Predictive models Testing Parallel programming Hardware Load management Scheduling algorithm Costs

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Robust variance-constrained fault-tolerant control for a class of nonlinear stochastic systems

Robust variance-constrained fault-tolerant control for a cla...

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Asian Control Conference

作者： Lifeng Ma Zidong Wang Zhi Guo Hongli Dong Bo Shen School of Automation Nanjing University of Science and Technology of PLA Nanjing China Department of Information Systems and Computing Brunei University Uxbridge Middlesex UK College of Electrical and Information Engineering Daqing Petroleum Institute Daqing China Space Control and Inertial Technology Research Center Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China School of Information Science and Technology Donghua Uinversity Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424454402

This paper is concerned with the variance-constrained controller design problem for a class of uncertain nonlinear stochastic systems with possible actuator faults. The stochastic nonlinearities described by statistical means are quite general that include several well-studied classes of nonlinearities as special cases. A model of actuator failures is adopted which is more practical than the traditional outage one. A linear matrix inequality (LMI) approach is proposed to solve the multiobjective fault-tolerant controller design problem, where both the exponential stability and the steady-state state variance indices are simultaneously guaranteed. Within the developed LMI framework, a sufficient condition for the solvability of the robust control problem is obtained. The explicit expression of the desired controllers is also parameterized and a single degree-of-freedom (SDOF) model is used to demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed design approach.

关键词： Robust control Fault tolerant systems Nonlinear control systems Control systems Stochastic systems Actuators Stochastic processes Linear matrix inequalities Fault tolerance Stability

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Using student generated audio to enhance learning

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engineering Education 2009年第2期4卷 52-61页

作者： A. Rossiter A. Nortcliffe A. Griffin A. Middleton Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering (ACSE) University of Sheffield Mappin Street Sheffield UK. Email: j.a.rossiter@shef.ac.uk Faculty of Art Computing Engineering and Science (ACES) Sheffield Hallam University Sheffield UK. Email: a.nortcliffe@shu.ac.uk LeTs University of Sheffield 5 Favell Road Sheffield UK Learning Teaching Institute Sheffield Hallam University Sheffield UK. Email: a.j.middleton@shu.ac.uk

This paper explores the issues surrounding the use of audio in learning and offers an alternative to podcasting. It considers the practicalities of enabling students to generate their own audio recordings and the potential to enhance and personalise learning in a self directed way that suits their individual learning styles. There is some discussion of hardware and its accessibility, cost and ease of use as well as protocols on what audio can/cannot be recorded or shared amongst students. The paper explores different types of scenario where recording can be used beneficially and uses real student case studies to demonstrate its efficacy, as perceived by the students. There is also particular emphasis on the benefits to specific student groups, including those with English as an additional language or students with learning difficulties. In summary the paper gives evidence of how student generated audio can be embedded into the curriculum and the benefits it can bring.

关键词： audio recording learning technology

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Green supercomputing comes of age

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IT Professional 2008年第1期10卷 17-23页

作者： Feng, Wu-Chun Feng, Xizhou Ge, Rong Department of Computer Science and Electrical and Computer Engineering Virginia Tech. Network Dynamics and Simulation Science Laboratory Virginia Tech. Center for High-End Computing Systems Virginia Tech.

Energy-efficient (green) supercomputing has evolved to improve system reliability and provide better availability and productivity. Green Destiny supercomputing system is a Linux-based cluster that uses low-power components whose performance could be optimized for supercomputing. Low-power supercomputing focuses on energy efficiency at system integration time, selects low-power chips as the building blocks for power reduction and system reliability, and achieves better performance by scaling up to a larger number of processors. Researchers have implemented various power-aware software prototypes for commodity supercomputing starting with cluster of high-performance, high-power processors that support mechanism called dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS). Various approaches for parallel supercomputing nodes are studied by aiming execution phases that are not on the critical execution path.

关键词： Supercomputers

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Parallel Mesh Refinement of Higher Order Finite Elements for Electronic Structure Calculations

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Communications in Computational Physics 2008年第10期4卷 1086-1105页

作者： Dier Zhang Aihui Zhou Xin-Gao Gong Department of Physics Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China LSEC Institute of Computational Mathematics and Scientific/Engineering ComputingAcademy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

The finite element method is a promising method for electronic structure *** this paper,a new parallelmesh refinementmethod for electronic structure calculations is *** properties of the method are investigated to make itmore efficient andmore convenient for *** practical issues such as distributed memory parallel computation,less tetrahedra prototypes,and the assignment of the mesh elements carried out independently in each sub-domain will be *** numerical experiments on the periodic system,cluster and nano-tube are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： Tetrahedralmesh adaptivemesh refinement parallel algorithms electronic structure calculations

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IGAP: Interactive genetic algorithm peer to peer

IGAP: Interactive genetic algorithm peer to peer

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10th Annual Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference, GECCO 2008

作者： Quiroz, Juan C. Banerjee, Amit Louis, Sushil J. Evolutionary Computing Systems Lab. Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Nevada Reno Reno NV 89557 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781605581309

We present IGAP, a peer to peer interactive genetic algorithm which reflects the real world methodology followed in team design. We apply our methodology to floorplanning. Through collaboration users are able to visualize designs done by peers on the network, while using case injection to allow them to bias their populations and the fitness function to adapt to subjective preferences.

关键词： Peer to peer networks

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A novel data distortion approach via selective SSVD for privacy protection

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International Journal of Information and Computer Security 2008年第1期2卷 48-70页

作者： Wang, Jie Zhang, Jun Xu, Shuting Zhong, Weijun Laboratory for High Performance Scientific Computing and Computer Simulation Department of Computer Science University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40506-0046 United States Department of Computer Information Systems Virginia State University Petersburg VA 23806 United States Department of Management Sciences and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China

Data privacy preservation has become one of the major concerns in the design of practical data-mining applications. In this paper, a novel data distortion approach based on structural partition and Sparsified Singular Value Decomposition (SSVD) technique is proposed. Three schemes are designed to balance privacy protection in centralised datasets and mining accuracy. Some metrics are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed new strategies. Data utility of the three proposed schemes is examined by a binary classification based on the support vector machine. Furthermore, we examine three sparsification strategies. The effect of method parameters on data distortion level and utility is also studied experimentally. Our experimental results on synthetic and real datasets indicate that, in comparison with standard data distortion techniques, the proposed schemes are efficient in balancing data distortion level and data utility. They afford a feasible solution with a good promise for mining accuracy and a significant reduction in the computational cost from SVD. Copyright © 2008 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Data privacy

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Achieving compelling student comprehension of complex information structures for both on-site and on-line courses

Achieving compelling student comprehension of complex inform...

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2008 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition

作者： Uhlig, Ronald Farahani, Alireza Viswanathan, Shekar Evans, Howard Sotelo, Mark National University Department of Computer Science and Information Systems School of Engineering and Technology National University Wireless Communications for the Master ot Science in Wireless Communications Program International Telecommunications Academy School of Engineering and Technology Department of Applied Engineering Lead Faculty for Engineering Management and Homeland Security and Safety Engineering Academic Computing for National University

Teaching engineering and technology subjects involves conveying understanding of abstract information structures and processes such as complex telecommunications protocols, complex mathematical concepts, and data structures. These are multidimensional and can be difficult to grasp quickly. Supported by a Hewlett-Packard (HP) Technology for Teaching grant, the School of engineering and Technology at National University has embarked on a project to enable students to grasp these complex concepts more quickly and easily, using continuous dialog among students and instructors as the structures are first introduced and then examined from multiple perspectives through real-time interaction among students, small groups, and instructors. HP Wireless Tablet PCs are used to discuss and experiment with diagrams and processes in realtime. This allows combining lectures and problem-solving sessions into a single class session. Our hypothesis is that: 1) an in-depth learning of theory is accomplished, and 2) student engagement is enhanced. Presentation of theory by the instructor is integrated with application while the theory is still in the student's short-term memory. Students no longer have to wait for a separate session such as a recitation session to apply the concepts. This approach often takes less time. In addition to accelerating the learning process, expert instructors find this approach more rewarding as students grasp new concepts more quickly. Analysis of data captured from both students and instructors are presented to support our hypotheses, and our results are compared with similar research carried out by other universities. In addition, the level of interaction enabled by the use of HP Tablets in on-line classes is discussed. The best teaching tools available in existing on-line teaching platforms are compared with the additional tools available in on-site courses when every student has a wireless Tablet PC and specific recommendations are made to on-line teachi

关键词： Students

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