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Control engineering investigation of the effects of proliferative diabetic retinopathy on the crystalline lens and ciliary muscle dynamic behavior

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Research on Biomedical engineering 2023年第3期39卷 663-676页

作者： Oliveira, Rebeca Hannah de M. Silva, Mayla dos S. Nunes, Gustavo A. M. A. Faria, Rafael Mendes Santos, Kleriston Silva Rosa, Leandro L. F. Rosa, Mário F. F. Rosa, Suélia de S. R. F. Department of Biomedical Engineering Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine BaltimoreMD United States Postgraduate Program in Mechatronic Systems University of Brasília DF Brasilia Brazil Optometry Clinic GO Goiânia Brazil Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program University of Brasília DF Brasilia Brazil University of Brasilia – UnB DF Brasilia Brazil

Purpose: Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) affects more than 100 million adults worldwide and is one of the primary diseases leading to blindness and affecting the eye’s retina. Few papers mention its impact on the anterior segment of the eye. Methods: We present a novel bond graph model of the human eye calibrated with data from the literature to simulate the effects of retinopathy on lens behavior. Through mathematical representation in state space and transfer functions, we simulate the dynamic responses of the physiological and pathological systems. Results: The dynamic response to impulse inputs shows a distinct peak amplitude (0.01 difference) and transient time (0.0001 s) for PDR and Healthy systems at Region B (lens and ciliary muscle). Qualitative increase in ocular vasculature aggravation attenuates PDR dynamic response to unitary step input compared to Healthy (50% decay at 20 days of simulation) at Region B. Conclusions: The model suggests the potential impact of PDR on ciliary muscle behavior, which can have a clinical translation on diagnosis, follow-up, and treatment of the disease. It can be used for future studies on the effects of retinopathy on different ocular regions. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Brazilian Society of Biomedical engineering.

关键词： Eye protection

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Effect of Cu addition on electrochemical activity of ribbons of Mg-Al-Ca anode materials for magnesium rechargeable batteries manufactured by rapid solidification method

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Keikinzoku/Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals 2024年第1期74卷 14-17页

作者： Fukui, Shunsaku Tsukeda, Tadayoshi Aida, Tetsuo Tabata, Hironobu Kurihara, Hideki Suzuki, Mayumi Program of Materials Science and Engineering Studies in Science and Engineering Graduate School of Science and Engineering University of Toyama 3190 Gofuku Toyama-shi Toyama930-8555 Japan Faculty of Sustainable Design Academic Assembly University of Toyama Toyama-shi Toyama Japan CHUETSU METAL WORKS CO. LTD. Nakaniikawa-gun Toyama Japan Saitama Industrial Technology Center Kawaguchi Kawaguchi-shi Saitama Japan Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering Toyama Prefectural University Imizu-shi Toyama Japan

The potential for magnesium storage batteries to become the next generation of rechargeable batteries is high. This is largely due to the abundance of magnesium metal resources and their high safety and electric capacity per volume. Our research team has been studying magnesium alloys as anode materials for these batteries. Specifically, we have been investigating the electrochemical activity and mechanism of adding copper to Mg-9mass%Al and Mg-9mass%Al-3mass%Ca. Our findings indicate that the electrochemical activity increased with the addition of 1mass%Cu, but decreased with the addition of 3mass%Cu. In addition, changes in lattice constant and basal orientation were also observed. These changes decreased with 1mass%Cu and increased with 3mass%Cu. SEM observations showed that the cell delimitation was indistinct for the 1%Cu addition. © 2024 The Japan Institute of Light Metals.

关键词： Secondary batteries

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COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF EVOLUTIONARY LEARNING FITNESS FUNCTIONS IN MODEL FITTING FOR HUMAN HEART RATE DURING TREADMILL EXERCISE

UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series C: Electrical Engineering an...

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UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series C: Electrical engineering and Computer Science 2024年第1期86卷 69-80页

作者： Ion, Andreea Patrascu, Adrian Patrascu, Monica Complex Systems Laboratory Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest Romania Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Physical Education and Sport Babeș-Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca Romania Centre for Elderly and Nursing Home Medicine Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care University of Bergen Norway Neuro-SysMed Center Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care University of Bergen Norway

With the prevalence of new wearable devices and personal sensing, model fitting from real-world human-generated data has become a topic of interest in the fields of bioengineering, sports science, and medical engineering. In this study we analyze a fitting procedure based on evolutionary learning for human heart rate during treadmill exercise. We propose a new fitness function for the genetic algorithm based on the Pearson correlation coefficient and the coefficient of determination. This study utilizes real-world experimental data collected for linearity analysis, baseline model fitting, and validation, and includes statistical analysis of validation data. Results show that compared with a classical fitness function based on the root mean of square error, the proposed function is suitable for model fitting. © 2024, Politechnica University of Bucharest. All rights reserved.

关键词： Genetic algorithms

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GEOGRAPHICALLY DISTRIBUTED PERFORMANCES MEDIATED BY AN ARTIFICIAL CO-CREATIVE AGENT 21

GEOGRAPHICALLY DISTRIBUTED PERFORMANCES MEDIATED BY AN ARTIF...

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21st Sound and Music Computing Conference, SMC 2024

作者： Pessanha, Thales R.P. Martins, Pedro Manzolli, Jônatas Institute for Interdisciplinary Research University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal CISUC/LASI Centre for Informatics and Systems of the University of Coimbra Department of Informatics Engineering University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal University of Campinas Campinas Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9789893520758

The convergence of digital sound technologies and immersive computing presents a fertile ground for experimentation, enabling artists to craft immersive sonic experiences that push the boundaries of traditional creative processes and promoting the active involvement of both artists and audiences, fostering creative collaborations and deep cognitive and emotional connections. However, in distributed performance settings, immersive environments bring challenges in terms of involvement, since the contexts in which both the performers and the audience are inserted are distinct. This, in turn, requires the development of new strategies and techniques to engage with digital sound, since this artifact is responsible for interconnecting the contexts of such environments. Based on this, we outline the architecture of a system aimed at creating immersive environments for distributed performance using an artificial co-creative agent. Also, we discuss both the computer implementation and performance tests of the DSP calculation to measure its feasibility in real-time performances. Finally, we consider that this architecture opens up new paths for involving human-computer interaction, offering innovative strategies for sound design in distributed performance contexts and the creation of accessible digital sound systems on the web. © 2024. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original.

关键词： Real time systems

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RIM Experiment on Fuel Adhesion Characteristics of Inclined-Wall-Impinging Spray under Cross-Flow Conditions 10

RIM Experiment on Fuel Adhesion Characteristics of Inclined-...

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10th International Conference on Modeling and Diagnostics for Advanced Engine systems, COMODIA 2022

作者： Zhang, Gengxin Shi, Penghua Luo, Hongliang Ogata, Yoichi Nishida, Keiya Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Graduate School of Engineering University of Hiroshima Japan Mechanical Engineering Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering University of Hiroshima Japan

The impingement of fuel sprays on the piston surface significantly affects mixture formation, combustion performance, and pollutant emissions in Direct-Injection Spark-Ignition (DISI) engines. To better understand the fuel adhesion behavior, the fuel adhesion characteristics of fuel spray impinging on the flat wall under cross-flow condition were investigated in this work. Refractive Index Matching (RIM) were employed to observe the propagation of fuel adhesion. Then the area, mass, and thickness of fuel adhesion were evaluated under various cross-flow velocities. Also, the propagation mechanism and lifetime prediction of fuel adhesion under the cross-flow conditions were revealed. The experimental results can provide necessary guidance on the operating conditions of airflow inside the engine. © 2022 by the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers All rights reserved.

关键词： Adhesion

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VR-Based Implicit Authentication Using Electromyogram and Inertial Measurement Unit 23

VR-Based Implicit Authentication Using Electromyogram and In...

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23rd International Conference on Cyberworlds, CW 2024

作者： Yu, Da-Young Lee, Hyung-Tak Kim, Youngsam Roh, Jong-Hyuk Kim, Soohyung Ku, Jeonghun Hwang, Han-Jeong Korea University Interdisciplinary Graduate Program for Artificial Intelligence Smart Convergence Technology Dept. Electronics and Information Engineering Sejong Korea Republic of Korea University Dept. Electronics and Information Engineering Sejong Korea Republic of Daejeon Korea Republic of Keimyung University College of Medicine Department of Biomedical Engineering Daegu Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798331527174

Biometrics based on electromyogram (EMG) and inertial measurement unit (IMU) signals has received significant attention due to its resistance to forgery and tampering, as well as its relatively higher convenience and security compared to other biometric modalities. However, most EMG and IMU signal-based authentication methods require explicit authentication using unnatural gestures, which is not userfriendly. To address this, we collected EMG and IMU data during virtual reality (VR) rhythm game play, which does not require explicit gestures, and performed implicit authentication. Using a linear discriminant analysis (LDA) classifier, we achieved classification accuracies of 91.71% for human identification and 87.91% for human authentication. The result demonstrated the feasibility of a seamless and implicit authentication in VR environments. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Electromyography

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Experimental Study on Aerodynamic Effects of Different Blade Types with PIV-Method for Coaxial Counter-Rotating Rotors 7

Experimental Study on Aerodynamic Effects of Different Blade...

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7th International Conference on Mechanical Manufacturing and Industrial engineering, MMIE 2024

作者： Sung, Chen-Yu Shieh, Tzong-Hann Ma, Yen-Huai Soong, Chyi-Yeou Yeh, Chun-Liang Yang, Fuh-Sen Ph.D. Program of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering Feng Chia University No.100 Wenhwa Rd. Seatwen Taichung40724 Taiwan Department of Aerospace and Systems Engineering Feng Chia University No.100 Wenhwa Rd. Seatwen Taichung40724 Taiwan Master's Program of Space Systems Engineering Feng Chia University No.100 Wenhwa Rd. Seatwen Taichung40724 Taiwan

ISBN: (数字)9781510683297

ISBN: (纸本)9781510683280

This paper is about the PIV experimental study on aerodynamics of a coaxial counter-rotating rotors aircraft. The main purpose is to observe and record the flow field distribution of the coaxial counter-rotating rotors when hovering, and to determine the rotor blade profile design for stable flight. The experimental method is to observe the flow field coupling effect of coaxial counter-rotating rotors with flow field visualization technology. This study uses the blade S-0 improved by the symmetrical airfoil NACA0012 and the blade AS-0 improved by the asymmetrical airfoil Viper-X to conduct flow field observation experiments. In order to survey the aerodynamic characteristics of blade configurations in the flow field under different flight conditions. This study also conducted experiments on conditions such as low and medium rotational speed at high angles of attack, medium and high angles of attack at high rotational speed. The experimental results show that the flow field of the blade S-0 has a relatively stable flow field characteristics at low rotational speed. But when the rotational speed increases and the angle of attack becomes higher, the flow field stability of the blade AS-0 is better. Finally, the flow field of blade AS-0 is more stable than the flow field of blade S-0 under most flight conditions. Therefore, blade AS-0 is more suitable for assembly on coaxial counter-rotating rotors. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： Angle of attack

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OPTIMIZING HYPERPARAMETERS OF RANDOM FOREST MODEL FOR TRAFFIC INCIDENT DETECTION 50

OPTIMIZING HYPERPARAMETERS OF RANDOM FOREST MODEL FOR TRAFFI...

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50th International Conference on Computers and Industrial engineering: Sustainable Digital Transformation, CIE 2023

作者： Elsahly, O. Abdelfatah, A. Alshraideh, H. Engineering Systems Management PhD Program American University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Civil Engineering American University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Industrial Engineering American University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)9781713886952

Traffic incidents are non-recurring events that disrupt normal traffic flow and can have negative impacts on traffic operations, safety, and economy. As a result, there is a growing need for developing effective and reliable Automatic Incident Detection (AID) systems to detect incidents as early as possible to minimize their impacts. Machine Learning models, such as Neural Networks and Random Forests, have been utilized to develop AID models. However, the performance of machine learning models is significantly determined by its hyperparameters that need to be tuned to improve its performance in detecting incidents accurately and quickly. In this study, incident and normal traffic scenarios were generated using traffic simulator data, which is used to train and test a Random Forest incident detection model. The proposed methodology uses VISSIM microsimulation software to generate a diverse dataset of incident and normal conditions scenarios. Traffic parameters such as flow rate, speed, and occupancy at upstream and downstream stations were used as input variables for the model. The Random Forest model was trained and tested through RapidMiner software with 5-fold cross validation. Model performance was enhanced through the model hyperparameters tunning. An improvement of 0.35% in the F-score and 0.15% in the overall accuracy was achieved compared to the default model parameters. Findings of this study suggest that the tunning of hyperparameters of Random Forest models is crucial for developing accurate AID systems. The proposed methodology and optimized hyperparameter values provided by this study can be used as a guideline for developing Random Forest models for incident detection in transportation systems. Overall, this study contributes to the development of accurate and efficient traffic incident detection systems, which could help to mitigate the negative impacts of traffic incidents and improve transportation operations, safety, and economy. © 2023 Computers an

关键词： Software testing

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Experimental Study on Vibration Displacement for Coaxial Counter-Rotating Rotors 7

Experimental Study on Vibration Displacement for Coaxial Cou...

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7th International Conference on Mechanical Manufacturing and Industrial engineering, MMIE 2024

作者： Sung, Chen-Yu Shieh, Tzong-Hann Ma, Yen-Huai Soong, Chyi-Yeou Yeh, Chun-Liang Huang, Yen-Er Ph.D. Program of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering Feng Chia University No.100 Wenhwa Rd. Seatwen Taichung40724 Taiwan Department of Aerospace and Systems Engineering Feng Chia University No.100 Wenhwa Rd. Seatwen Taichung40724 Taiwan Master's Program of Space Systems Engineering Feng Chia University No.100 Wenhwa Rd. Seatwen Taichung40724 Taiwan

ISBN: (数字)9781510683297

ISBN: (纸本)9781510683280

This paper uses the transmission mechanism of a coaxial counter-rotating rotorcraft equipped with blade designs of different airfoils. The blades are all made of aluminum alloy 6061T6. To study the deformation of the aluminum alloy blades of the rotorcraft when it hovers. It investigates the deformation and vibration displacement of the blade under the influence of aeroelasticity under the condition of fixed angle of attack and different rotation speeds. The airfoils used for study mainly consider the NACA0012 symmetrical airfoil and the other improved design Viper-X asymmetrical airfoil (A0) as test objects. The angle of attack used in the study is 10°, and the rotational speeds used are medium rotational speed ranges such as 400rpm, 450 rpm, 500 rpm, 550 rpm, and 600 rpm. A non-contact laser displacement sensor was used as the experimental measurement method for data measurement in this study. Finally, when the rotational speed exceeds 500rpm, the improved design of the asymmetric airfoil A0 is indeed more stable than the symmetrical airfoil NACA0012. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： Aeroelasticity

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A Survey on the Control Lyapunov Function and Control Barrier Function for Nonlinear-Affine Control systems

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2023年第3期10卷 584-602页

作者： Boqian Li Shiping Wen Zheng Yan Guanghui Wen Tingwen Huang Australian AI Institute Faculty of Engineering and Information TechnologyUniversity of Technology SydneyNSW 2007Australia Department of Systems Science School of MathematicsSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China Science Program Texas A&M University at QatarDoha 23874Qatar IEEE

This survey provides a brief overview on the control Lyapunov function(CLF)and control barrier function(CBF)for general nonlinear-affine control *** problem of control is formulated as an optimization problem where the optimal control policy is derived by solving a constrained quadratic programming(QP)*** CLF and CBF respectively characterize the stability objective and the safety objective for the nonlinear control *** objectives imply important properties including controllability,convergence,and robustness of control *** this framework,optimal control corresponds to the minimal solution to a constrained QP *** uncertainties are explicitly considered,the setting of the CLF and CBF is proposed to study the input-to-state stability and input-to-state safety and to analyze the effect of *** recent theoretic progress and novel applications of CLF and CBF are systematically reviewed and discussed in this ***,we provide research directions that are significant for the advance of knowledge in this area.

关键词： Control barrier function(CBF) control Lyapunov function(CLF) nonlinear-affine control systems

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