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Texture development and surface reconstruction of BiVO_(4)photoanode via one-pot hydrothermal reaction for enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2025年第3期14卷 133-141页

作者： Sung Won Hwang Yoo Jae Jeong Runfa Tan Indhujasri Saravanan Hyun Soo Han Dong Hoe Kim In Sun Cho Department of Energy Systems Research Ajou UniversitySuwon 16499Republic of Korea Department of Material Science&Engineering Ajou UniversitySuwon 16499Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Stanford UniversityStanford 94305USA Department of Material Science&Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado BoulderBoulder 80303USA

The simultaneous optimization of the bulk and surface characteristics of photoelectrodes is essential to maximize their photoelectrochemical(PEC)*** report a novel one-pot hydrothermal synthesis of textured and surface-reconstructed BiVO_(4)photoanodes(ts-BVO),achieving significant improvements in PEC water *** controlling precursor molarity and ethylene glycol(EG)addition,we developed a stepwise dual reaction(SDR)mechanism,which enables simultaneous bulk texture development and surface *** optimized CoBi/ts-BVO photoanode exhibited a photocurrent density of 4.3 mA∙cm^(−2)at 1.23 V *** hydrogen electrode(RHE)with a high Faradaic efficiency of 98%under one sun *** with nontextured BiVO_(4),the charge transport efficiency increased from 8%to 70%,whereas the surface charge transfer efficiency improved from 9%to 85%.These results underscore the critical role of both bulk and surface engineering in enhancing PEC *** findings offer a streamlined approach for improving the intrinsic properties of photoanodes in solar water splitting.

关键词： BiVO_(4) hydrothermal texture surface reconstruction ethylene glycol(EG) photoelectrochemical water splitting

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Design of Navigation Satellite Constellation for Global Lunar PNT

Design of Navigation Satellite Constellation for Global Luna...

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2025 International Technical Meeting of The Institute of Navigation, ITM 2025

作者： Kang, Minjae Jeong, Hojoon Park, Jaeuk Kee, Changdon Interdisciplinary Program in Space Systems Seoul National University Korea Republic of Department of Aerospace Engineering and SNU-IAMD Seoul National University Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9780936406404

This study presents the design of a lunar navigation satellite constellation to provide global Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) services, beginning with coverage at the lunar South Pole and gradually expanding to the entire Moon. Building upon an initial Phase 1 constellation that ensures reliable PNT at the South Pole, Phase 2 extends this coverage globally, addressing the challenges of providing continuous navigation services across the lunar surface. The proposed Hybrid Frozen Constellation combines Elliptical Lunar Frozen Orbits (ELFOs) and Circular Frozen Orbits to offer a cost-effective and efficient solution, leveraging the stable South Pole-oriented orbits while minimizing the number of satellites required. The study explores various satellite configurations to achieve best Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP) across the entire lunar surface. By carefully analyzing the geometry and phasing of the orbits, the design aims to maximize navigation performance while reducing the satellite volume. Simulation results confirm that the full constellation achieves over 98% PDOP availability, ensuring PDOP values remain below 6, meeting the GPS standards for reliable navigation. This performance guarantees accurate positioning, even in challenging regions of the lunar surface, and supports both robotic and crewed exploration missions. © 2025 Proceedings of the International Technical Meeting of The Institute of Navigation, ITM. All rights reserved.

关键词： Lunar missions

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Comprehensive 3E -energetic, economic, and environmental-analysis of a hybrid solar dish-Brayton engine and fuel cell system for green hydrogen and power generation

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International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2025年 140卷 1062-1077页

作者： Shboul, Bashar Zayed, Mohamed E. Alrbai, Mohammad Kafiah, Feras Almomani, Fares Renewable Energy Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Al Al-Bayt University Mafraq Jordan Interdisciplinary Research Center for Sustainable Energy Systems King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Dhahran31261 Saudi Arabia Department of Mechanical Engineering School of Engineering University of Jordan Amman11942 Jordan Mechanical Engineering Department Al Hussein Technical University Amman11831 Jordan Department of Chemical Engineering Qatar University Qatar

This work aims to assess the energy, economic, and environmental performance of a novel hybrid solar dish Bryton engine and fuel cell (SDBE-FC) system for generating green hydrogen and electricity. The system includes solar dish units, fuel cells, an electrolyzer, a converter, and a hydrogen storage tank. The study introduces a novel SDBE-FC system, replacing typical photovoltaic/fuel cell setups, to achieve higher efficiency and improved financial and environmental competitiveness. A vigorous energy-enviro-economic analysis is carried out using MATLAB/Simulink® to model system components. Key parameters have been analyzed, including the electrolyzer efficiency, flow rate, power, and the SDBE plant and FC stack's power, area, and efficiency. The total levelized cost of energy (LCOE) and the reduction in CO2 emissions are also calculated. Results showed that using 50 stacked fuel cells achieved an efficiency of 7%, increasing the number of staked fuel cells to 400 increased the efficiency by eightfold achieving a peak power of 297 kW. The efficiency and power output of the fuel cell decreased by 16% and 22.2%, respectively, when the operational temperature increased from 40 °C to 80 °C. Furthermore, LCOE as low as 0.218 US$/kWh was achieved using 25 SDBE units at 1100 °C. At 30 kW, the SDBE system produces 750 kW of power with 18.3% efficiency and occupies 4099.8 m2 as the temperature (Th) reaches to 1100 °C. The SDBE, with a rated power range of 15 kW–30 kW, achieved a 390.8% CO2 emissions reduction, amounting to 34,120.76 tons of CO2, when 25 SDBE units were utilized. © 2024 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC

关键词： Brayton cycle

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Techno-economic analysis of a hybrid renewable energy system integrated with productive activities in an underdeveloped rural region of eastern Indonesia

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Clean Energy 2023年第6期7卷 1247-1267页

作者： Alya Nurul Shafira Subhan Petrana Rahma Muthia Widodo Wahyu Purwanto Sustainable Energy Systems and Policy Research Cluster Universitas IndonesiaDepok16424Indonesia Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringUniversitas IndonesiaDepok16424Indonesia Master Program in Energy Systems Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversitas IndonesiaDepok16424Indonesia

The Southwest Maluku region in eastern Indonesia is considered a frontier,outermost and underdeveloped *** inhabitants live on isolated islands,including the residents of Mahaleta Village,where only 9.4%of the community have limited access to *** study aimed to design an economically feasible hybrid renewable energy(RE)system based on solar and wind energy to integrate with the productive activities of the *** study developed conceptual schemes to meet the demand for electricity from the resi-dential,community,commercial and productive sectors of the *** analysis was performed using a techno-economic *** hybrid system was designed using the HOMER Pro optimization function,and cold-storage and dryer systems were designed to support related productive *** optimized design of the hybrid RE system comprised 271.62 kW of solar photovoltaics,80 kW of wind turbines and a 1-MWh lead-acid *** found that the hybrid RE system would only be economically feasible with a full-grant incentive and an electricity tariff of$0.0808/***,the productive activity schemes were all economically feasible,with a cold-storage cost of$0.035/kg and a drying cost of$0.082/*** the hybrid RE system with productive activities can improve the economic feasibility of the energy system and create more jobs as well as increase income for the local community.

关键词： underdeveloped region hybrid renewable energy system photovoltaics wind turbine Indonesia

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Topology-enhanced mechanical stability of swelling nanoporous electrodes

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1161-1175页

作者： Benjamin E.Grossman-Ponemon Ataollah Mesgarnejad Alain Karma Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Complex Systems Department of PhysicsNortheastern UniversityBostonMA 02115USA School of Engineering Brown UniversityProvidenceRI 02912USA

Materials like silicon and germanium offer a 10-fold improvement in charge capacity over conventional graphite anodes in lithium-ion batteries but experience a roughly threefold volume increase during lithiation,which challenges ensuring battery *** silicon,created by liquid-metal-dealloying,is a potentially attractive anode design to mitigate this challenge,exhibiting both higher capacity and extended cycle ***,how nanoporous structures accommodate the large volume change is ***,we address this question by using phase-field modeling to produce nanoporous particles and to investigate their elastoplastic swelling behavior and *** simulations show that enhanced mechanical stability results from the network topology consisting of ligaments connected by bulbous,sphere-like *** ligaments forcefully resist elongation while the nodes,behaving like isolated spherical particles,experience large stresses driving ***,being smaller compared to a sphere of the same volume as the entire nanoporous particle,the nodes are more protected against fracture.

关键词： swelling stability attractive

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Self-Powered End-to-End Wireless Sensor Network for Geophysical Explorations

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IEEE systems Journal 2025年第1期19卷 107-118页

作者： Rojas, Jhonathan Prieto Almazyad, Rayan Al Hayyah, Abdulaziz Alruhaiman, Ahmed Almusharraf, Mohammed Al-Dharrab, Suhail Attia, Hussein Department of Electrical Engineering Dhahran31261 Saudi Arabia Interdisciplinary Research Center of Advanced Materials KFUPM Dhahran31261 Saudi Arabia King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Department of Electrical Engineering Dhahran31261 Saudi Arabia Interdisciplinary Research Center for Communication Systems and Sensing KFUPM Dhahran31261 Saudi Arabia

The underground layers of the Earth contain immense resources that require geophysical surveys. This article presents an end-to-end, self-powered wireless sensor network (WSN) for geophysical surveys. The WSN conducts geophysical surveys in an energy-efficient, portable manner. It includes a sensing element, advanced electronics, data processing and digitization, and wireless transmission with networking capabilities between sensing nodes. The system is equipped with a power management module with solar-powered charging capabilities, allowing for at least six days of effective operation on a few hours' worth of charge. The electronic circuitry performing amplification and filtering provides cut-off frequencies of 8.2–108 Hz, and the sensor node exhibits a sampling frequency of 600 SPS. Furthermore, the system implements power modes (active/sleep) to reduce power consumption, with a nominal power usage of only 650 mW at its maximum. The WSN comprises a multihop implementation with smart routing to ensure power-efficient and reliable data transmission. In addition, message encryption is implemented for enhanced wireless security. A field test was conducted to validate the proposed geophysical data acquisition system. Geophysical signals were detected and wirelessly transmitted over a 200 m2 area employing a network of six nodes to a storage unit, where they were successfully reconstructed and remained stored for later processing and analysis. © 2007-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Data acquisition

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Beamspace AIC & MDL Algorithm for Based on Concentric Circular Array Antenna 13

Beamspace AIC & MDL Algorithm for Based on Concentric Circul...

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Joint 13th International Conference on Soft Computing and Intelligent systems and 25th International Symposium on Advanced Intelligent systems, SCIS and ISIS 2024

作者： Park, Heui-Seon Hwang, Suk-Seung Chosun University Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System Department of Electronic Engineering Gwangju Korea Republic of School of Electronic Engineering Chosun University Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System Gwangju Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798350373332

In modern wireless communication systems using multiple antenna elements, accurately identifying the signals contained in the received signal is very important. Conventional signal number estimation algorithms operate for the entire set of antenna elements, resulting in high computational complexity. In order to enhance this high computational complexity problem, this paper proposes beamspace based Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Minimum Description Length (MDL) algorithms based on a concentric circular array (CCA) antenna for efficient signal number estimation. In addition, computer simulation results are presented to evaluate the signal-number estimation performance of the proposed algorithm. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Akaike information criteria Beam space Concentric circular array antenna Minimum description length

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Droplet breakup and size distribution in an airstream: Effect of inertia

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Physical Review Fluids 2024年第8期9卷 084004-084004页

作者： Someshwar Sanjay Ade Pavan Kumar Kirar Lakshmana Dora Chandrala Kirti Chandra Sahu Center for Interdisciplinary Program Department of Chemical Engineering Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering

We experimentally investigate the morphology and breakup of a droplet as it descends freely from a height and encounters an airstream. The size distributions of the child droplets are analyzed using high-speed shadowgraphy and in-line holography techniques. We find that a droplet falling from various heights exhibits shape oscillations due to the intricate interplay between inertia and surface tension forces, leading to significant variations in the radial deformation of the droplet, influencing the breakup dynamics under an identical airstream condition. Specifically, the droplet undergoes vibrational breakup when introduced at a location slightly above the air nozzle. In contrast, as the release height of the droplet increases, keeping the Weber number defined based on the velocity of the airstream fixed, a dynamic interplay between the inertia of the droplet and the aerodynamic flow field comes into play, resulting in a sequence of breakup modes transitioning from vibrational breakup to retracting bag breakup, bag breakup, bag-stamen breakup, retracting bag-stamen breakup, and eventually returning to vibrational breakup. Our experiments also reveal that the size distribution resulting from retracting bag breakup primarily arises from rim and node fragmentation, leading to a bimodal distribution. In contrast, bag and bag-stamen breakups yield a trimodal size distribution due to the combined contributions of bag, rim, and node breakup mechanisms. Furthermore, we utilize a theoretical model that incorporates the effective Weber number, considering different release heights. This model accurately predicts the size distribution of the child droplets resulting from the various breakup modes observed in our experiments.

关键词： Atomization Drop breakup Drop coalescence Drops & bubbles

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Three-color single-molecule localization microscopy in chromatin

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光：科学与应用（英文版） 2025年第5期14卷 1265-1277页

作者： Nicolas Acosta Ruyi Gong Yuanzhe Su Jane Frederick Karla I.Medina Wing Shun Li Kiana Mohammadian Luay Almassalha Geng Wang Vadim Backman Department of Biomedical Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA Center for Physical Genomics and Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA Center for Physical Genomics and Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA IBIS Interdisciplinary Biological Sciences Graduate Program Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA Center for Physical Genomics and Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA Applied Physics Program Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA Center for Physical Genomics and Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Northwestern Memorial HospitalChicagoIL 60611USA

Super-resolution microscopy has revolutionized our ability to visualize structures below the diffraction limit of conventional optical microscopy and is particularly useful for investigating complex biological targets like *** exhibits a hierarchical organization with structural compartments and domains at different length scales,from nanometers to *** molecule localization microscopy(SMLM)methods,such as STORM,are essential for studying chromatin at the supra-nucleosome level due to their ability to target epigenetic marks that determine chromatin ***-label imaging of chromatin is necessary to unpack its structural ***,these efforts are challenged by the high-density nuclear environment,which can affect antibody binding affinities,diffusivity and non-specific *** buffer conditions,fluorophore stability,and antibody specificity is crucial for achieving effective antibody ***,we demonstrate a sequential immunolabeling protocol that reliably enables three-color studies within the dense nuclear *** protocol couples multiplexed localization datasets with a robust analysis algorithm,which utilizes localizations from one target as seed points for distance,density and multi-label joint affinity measurements to explore complex organization of all three *** this multiplexed algorithm to analyze distance and joint density reveals that heterochromatin and euchromatin are not-distinct territories,but that localization of transcription and euchromatin couple with the periphery of heterochromatic *** work is a crucial step in molecular imaging of the dense nuclear environment as multi-label capacity enables for investigation of complex multi-component systems like chromatin with enhanced accuracy.

关键词： localization chromatin microscopy single-molecule three-color

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A Lightweight Intrusion Detection System Using Convolutional Neural Network and Long Short-Term Memory in Fog Computing

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第9期80卷 4703-4728页

作者： Hawazen Alzahrani Tarek Sheltami Abdulaziz Barnawi Muhammad Imam Ansar Yaser Computer Engineering Department Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Mobility and LogisticsKing Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia Computer Engineering Department Interdisciplinary Research Center for Intelligent Secure SystemsKing Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia Transportation Research Institute(IMOB) Hasselt UniversityHasselt3500Belgium

The Internet of Things(IoT)links various devices to digital services and significantly improves the quality of our ***,as IoT connectivity is growing rapidly,so do the risks of network vulnerabilities and *** interesting Intrusion Detection systems(IDSs)are presented based on machine learning(ML)techniques to overcome this *** the resource limitations of fog computing environments,a lightweight IDS is *** paper introduces a hybrid deep learning(DL)method that combines convolutional neural networks(CNN)and long short-term memory(LSTM)to build an energy-aware,anomaly-based *** test this system on a recent dataset,focusing on reducing overhead while maintaining high accuracy and a low false alarm *** compare CICIoT2023,KDD-99 and NSL-KDD datasets to evaluate the performance of the proposed IDS model based on key metrics,including latency,energy consumption,false alarm rate and detection rate *** findings show an accuracy rate over 92%and a false alarm rate below 0.38%.These results demonstrate that our system provides strong security without excessive resource *** practicality of deploying IDS with limited resources is demonstrated by the successful implementation of IDS functionality on a Raspberry Pi acting as a Fog *** proposed lightweight model,with a maximum power consumption of 6.12 W,demonstrates its potential to operate effectively on energy-limited devices such as low-power fog nodes or edge *** prioritize energy efficiency whilemaintaining high accuracy,distinguishing our scheme fromexisting *** experiments demonstrate a significant reduction in false positives,ensuring accurate identification of genuine security threats while minimizing unnecessary alerts.

关键词： Intrusion detection fog computing CNN LSTM energy consumption

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