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A novel U-net model for brain tumor segmentation from MRI images

Alexandria engineering Journal 2025年 126卷 220-230页

作者： Obayya, Marwa Alshuhail, Asma Mahmood, Khalid Alanazi, Meshari H. Alqahtani, Mohammed Aljehane, Nojood O. Almansour, Hamad Al-Hagery, Mohammed Abdullah Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University PO Box 84428 Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems College of Computer Sciences & Information Technology King Faisal university Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems Applied College at Mahayil King Khalid University Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Sciences Northern Border University Arar Saudi Arabia Department of Information System and Cyber Security College of Computing and Information Technology University of Bisha Bisha61922 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computers and Information Technology University of Tabuk Tabuk Saudi Arabia Applied Collage Najran University Najran Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computer Qassim University Saudi Arabia

Segmentation of brain tumors aids in diagnosing the disease early, planning treatment, and monitoring its progression in medical image analysis. Automation is necessary to eliminate the time and variability associated with traditional segmentation methods. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and U-Net architectures have demonstrated their efficiency and effectiveness in segmenting brain tumors from MRI images using deep learning techniques. The paper presents an improved U-Net-based segmentation algorithm that integrates nested skip paths to improve encoder-decoder feature fusion. The performance of segmentation was optimized by utilizing a variety of activation functions and loss functions, including Dice Loss and Intersection over Union (IoU). A high level of accuracy was demonstrated in the proposed model when it was evaluated using the LGG Segmentation Dataset. The proposed approach for segmenting medical images has been shown to be both robust and efficient in a comparative analysis. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Drone-Based Public Surveillance Using 3D Point Clouds and Neuro-Fuzzy Classifier

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第3期82卷 4759-4776页

作者： Yawar Abbas Aisha Ahmed Alarfaj Ebtisam Abdullah Alabdulqader Asaad Algarni Ahmad Jalal Hui Liu Faculty of Computing and AI Air UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh12372Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Sciences Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyNorthern Border UniversityRafha91911Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Engineering College of InformaticsKorea UniversitySeoul02841Republic of Korea Cognitive Systems Lab University of BremenBremen28359Germany

Human Activity Recognition(HAR)in drone-captured videos has become popular because of the interest in various fields such as video surveillance,sports analysis,and human-robot ***,recognizing actions from such videos poses the following challenges:variations of human motion,the complexity of backdrops,motion blurs,occlusions,and restricted camera *** research presents a human activity recognition system to address these challenges by working with drones’red-green-blue(RGB)*** first step in the proposed system involves partitioning videos into frames and then using bilateral filtering to improve the quality of object foregrounds while reducing background interference before converting from RGB to grayscale *** YOLO(You Only Look Once)algorithm detects and extracts humans from each frame,obtaining their skeletons for further *** joint angles,displacement and velocity,histogram of oriented gradients(HOG),3D points,and geodesic Distance are *** features are optimized using Quadratic Discriminant Analysis(QDA)and utilized in a Neuro-Fuzzy Classifier(NFC)for activity ***-world evaluations on the Drone-Action,Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)-Gesture,and Okutama-Action datasets substantiate the proposed system’s superiority in accuracy rates over existing *** particular,the system obtains recognition rates of 93%for drone action,97%for UAV gestures,and 81%for Okutama-action,demonstrating the system’s reliability and ability to learn human activity from drone videos.

关键词： Activity recognition geodesic distance pattern recognition neuro fuzzy classifier

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Fruit Ripeness Detection using RipeNet 3

Fruit Ripeness Detection using RipeNet

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3rd International Conference on Electronics and Renewable systems, ICEARS 2025

作者： Bhavana, Kapa Sumathi, R. Vanaja, Kandregula Manjula, S. Srinivasulu, T. Divya, Siripuri Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education Department of Computer Science and Engineering India Nehru Institute of Engineering and Technology Department of Computer Science and Business Systems Tamilnadu Coimbatore India Department of Information Technology Andhra Pradesh Surampalem India Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Department of Computer Science and Engineering Telangana Hyderabad India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331509675

Fruits are absolutely delicious for the most part, but more importantly, they are good for healthy life. Fruits are nature's candy and offer all sorts of health benefits besides the great taste. They provide necessary nutrients to the body so that it will not be susceptible to disease or other ailments. Fruits contain enough fiber to keep our digestive system in top health form. Fruits also helps to regulate the water level in body as well as your blood sugar levels, which means that will usually feel hungry less often if we consumes a lot of fruits. The easier it is for people to recognize that a fruit is ripe and ready for selling at the market allows the farmers, in some cases, to sell their crop early before it would normally spoil. If we look closely, we see that many times people don't buy something because it appears rotten or way past its peak ripeness, which demonstrates how products spoil right on time. This study proposed a user-convenient system for fruit ripeness detection using the convolutional neural network (CNN) based on RipeNet structure. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Fruits

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Fuzzy clustering for electric field characterization and its application to thunderstorm interpretability

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Digital Communications and Networks 2025年第2期11卷 299-307页

作者： Yang, Xu Xing, Hongyan Ji, Xinyuan Xu, Wei Pedrycz, Witold School of Electronics and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing210044 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta EdmontonABT6G 2R3 Canada Systems Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw00-901 Poland Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Istinye University Istanbul34010 Turkey

Changes in the Atmospheric Electric Field Signal (AEFS) are highly correlated with weather changes, especially with thunderstorm activities. However, little attention has been paid to the ambiguous weather information implicit in AEFS changes. In this paper, a Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) clustering method is used for the first time to develop an innovative approach to characterize the weather attributes carried by AEFS. First, a time series dataset is created in the time domain using AEFS attributes. The AEFS-based weather is evaluated according to the time-series Membership Degree (MD) changes obtained by inputting this dataset into the FCM. Second, thunderstorm intensities are reflected by the change in distance from a thunderstorm cloud point charge to an AEF apparatus. Thus, a matching relationship is established between the normalized distance and the thunderstorm dominant MD in the space domain. Finally, the rationality and reliability of the proposed method are verified by combining radar charts and expert experience. The results confirm that this method accurately characterizes the weather attributes and changes in the AEFS, and a negative distance-MD correlation is obtained for the first time. The detection of thunderstorm activity by AEF from the perspective of fuzzy set technology provides a meaningful guidance for interpretable thunderstorms. © 2024

关键词： Thunderstorms

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Hybrid Approach for Electricity Price Forecasting using AlexNet and LSTM 3

Hybrid Approach for Electricity Price Forecasting using Alex...

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3rd International Conference on Intelligent Data Communication Technologies and Internet of Things, IDCIoT 2025

作者： Sambana, Bosubabu Devi, Kotamsetty Geethika Reddy, Bandi Rajeswara Hussain, Galeti Mohammad Siddartha, Gownivalla School of Computing Mohan Babu University Tirupati India Department of Computer Science and Systems Engineering Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College Tirupati India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331527549

The recent development of advanced machine learning methods for hybrid models has greatly addressed the need for the correct prediction of electrical prices. This method combines AlexNet and LSTM algorithms, which are used to introduce a new model with higher accuracy in price forecasting. Despite RNN and ANN being effective, they often fail to deal with forex time sequence data. The traditional methods do not accurately forecast the prices. These traditional methods only focus on demand and price which leads to insufficient analysis of data. To address this issue, using the hybrid approach, which focuses on external variables that also effect the predicted prices. Nevertheless, due to AlexNet's excellent feature extraction and LSTM's learning sequential patterns, the prediction accuracy is vastly increased. The model is built on the past data, which has been supplied with the most significant elements like demand, temperature, sunlight, and rain. For example, the model applies methods, such as minimum-maximum scaling and a time window, to predict the electricity prices of the future. The results show that this hybrid model is good than the standalone ones in terms of accuracy. Although we got our accuracy rating of 97.08, it shows higher accompaniments than remaining models RNN and ANN with accuracies of 96.64 and 96.63 respectively. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Prediction models

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YOLOv8n-CGW: A novel approach to multi-oriented vehicle detection in intelligent transportation systems

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第7期84卷 3809-3840页

作者： Berwo, Michael Abebe Fang, Yong Sarwar, Nadeem Mahmood, Jabar Aljohani, Mansourah Elhosseini, Mostafa School of Information and Engineering Chang’an University Shaanxi Xi’an710064 China Department of Computer Science Bahria University Lahore Campus Punjab Lahore54600 Pakistan Department of Information Technology Faculty of Computing and Information Technology University of Sialkot Punjab Sialkot51040 Pakistan College of Computer Science and Engineering Taibah University Yanbu46421 Saudi Arabia Computers and Control Systems Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Mansoura University Mansoura35516 Egypt

In the context of Intelligent Transportation systems (ITS), the role of vehicle detection and classification is indispensable for streamlining transportation management, refining traffic control, and conducting in-depth accident analyses. However, the intricate task of accurately detecting multi-oriented vehicles in diverse scenarios remains a challenge, even with the advancements in ITS. Factors such as vehicle morphology, design, road conditions, structural details, and climatic variables provide a significant part in the detection. To address this, our study introduces an advanced YOLOv8n model, specifically the YOLOv8n-CGW, which is built upon pre-trained deep learning frameworks. This model is meticulously tailored to enhance the detection capabilities for multi-oriented vehicles. Comprehensive evaluations on esteemed datasets like MtV, MERGED, Custom dataset, DAWN, WEDGE, and UA-DETRAC underscore the superiority of our approach over existing models. Notably, our YOLOv8n-CGW model achieves a remarkable mAP of 83.3% and boasts a swift inference time of 0.0019s, setting a new benchmark in the domain. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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Hybrid-Optimized Model for Deepfake Detection

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International Journal of Advanced computer Science and Applications 2025年第4期16卷 148-160页

作者： Mancy, H. Elpeltagy, Marwa Eldahshan, Kamal Ismail, Aya Department of Computer Science College of Engineering and Computer Sciences Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Alkharj11942 Saudi Arabia Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt Systems and Computers Department Al-Azhar University Egypt Mathematics Department Faculty of Science Al-Azhar University Egypt Mathematics Department Tanta University Egypt

The advancement of deep learning models has led to the creation of novel techniques for image and video synthesis. One such technique is the deepfake, which swaps faces among persons and then produces hyper-realistic videos of individuals saying or doing things that they never said or done. These deepfake videos pose a serious risk to everyone and countries if they are exploited for extortion, scamming, political disinformation, or identity theft. This work presents a new methodology based on a hybrid-optimized model for detecting deepfake videos. A Mask Region-based Convolutional Neural Network (Mask R-CNN) is employed to detect human faces from video frames. Then, the optimal bounding box representing the face region per frame is selected, which could help to discover many artifacts. An improved Xception-Network is proposed to extract informative and deep hierarchical representations of the produced face frames. The Bayesian optimization (BO) algorithm is employed to search for the optimal hyperparameters' values in the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) classifier model to properly discriminate the deepfake videos from the genuine ones. The proposed method is trained and validated on two different datasets;CelebDF-FaceForencics++ (c23) and FakeAVCeleb, and tested also on various datasets;CelebDF, DeepfakeTIMIT, and FakeAVCeleb. The experimental study proves the superiority of the proposed method over the state-of-the-art methods. The proposed method yielded %97.88 accuracy and %97.65 AUROC on the trained CelebDF-FaceForencics++ (c23) and tested CelebDF datasets. Additionally, it achieved %98.44 accuracy and %98.44 AUROC on the trained CelebDF-FaceForencics++ (c23) and tested DeepfakeTIMIT datasets. Moreover, it yielded %99.50 accuracy and %99.21 AUROC on the FakeAVCeleb visual dataset. © (2025), (Science and Information Organization). All Rights Reserved.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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DeepLeaf: an optimized deep learning approach for automated recognition of grapevine leaf diseases

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第15期37卷 8799-8823页

作者： Talaat, Fatma M. Shams, Mahmoud Y. Gamel, Samah A. ZainEldin, Hanaa Faculty of Artificial Intelligence Kafrelsheikh University Kafrelsheikh33516 Egypt Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering New Mansoura University Gamasa35712 Egypt Faculty of Engineering Horus University Damietta Egypt Computers and Control Systems Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Mansoura University Mansoura Egypt

Plant diseases can cause severe losses in agricultural production, impacting food security and safety. Early detection of plant diseases is crucial to minimize crop damage and ensure agricultural sustainability. Manual monitoring is often impractical due to the complexity and time involved, making automated disease recognition essential. This study presents a new Plant Disease Detection Algorithm (PDDA) called DeepLeaf focused on identifying four common grapevine diseases: leaf blight, black rot, stable, and black measles. The PDDA integrates three key modules: an Image Preprocessing Module, a Feature Extraction Module, and an Optimized Convolutional Neural Network (OCNN)-based Classification Module. The OCNN forms the core of the classification system, with its hyperparameters fine-tuned using fuzzy optimization to enhance performance. Preprocessing techniques are applied to analyze diseased leaves, and a logistic regression algorithm is used to downsample the features for better analysis. The CNN is trained on images from the Plant Village dataset, allowing it to detect and classify grapevine leaf diseases accurately. The proposed model's efficiency in the automated diagnosis of grapevine diseases is demonstrated by its remarkable 99.7% accuracy rate. This high accuracy indicates that the PDDA may help with more effective and scalable plant disease monitoring, which will ultimately allow better agricultural practices. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： CNN Detection of leaf disease Extracting features Plant disease

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Proposal of a Document Layout Analysis Method Adopting Pre-processing Based on Document Image Classification 16th

Proposal of a Document Layout Analysis Method Adopting Pre...

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16th International Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Computing, ICGEC 2024

作者： Kakinoki, Kanta Katayama, Tetsuro Department of Computer Science and Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Miyazaki 1-1 Gakuen-Kibanadai Nishi Miyazaki889-2192 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9789819615346

To extract important information from the document images, document layout analysis research has been carried out. Previous research analyzes document layouts only for specific document formats. This paper proposes a document layout analysis method that adopts pre-processing based on document image classification to analyze document layouts for various document formats. From the application examples, we have confirmed that the proposed method can correctly analyze document layout by using training models trained for each document format. Furthermore, to evaluate the usefulness of the proposed method, we have compared the F score of the proposed method for document layout analysis using a single training model covering various document formats and using a training model generated for each document format. As a result, we have confirmed that our proposed method is useful in document layout analysis. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： document image classification document layout analysis rule-based correction

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Monolithic 3-D Integration of Diverse Memories: Resistive Switching (RRAM) and Gain Cell (GC) Memory Integrated on Si CMOS

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IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 2025年第5期72卷 2685-2690页

作者： Liu, Shuhan Radway, Robert M. Wang, Xinxin Moro, Filippo Nodin, Jean-Francois Jana, Koustav Yan, Lixian Du, Shuting Upton, Luke R. Chen, Wei-Chen Kang, Jimin Chen, Jian Li, Haitong Andrieu, Francois Vianello, Elisa Raina, Priyanka Mitra, Subhasish Wong, H.-S. Philip Stanford University Department of Electrical Engineering StanfordCA94305 United States University of Pennsylvania Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Science PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States Université Grenoble Alpes CEA-Leti Grenoble38058 France Purdue University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering West LafayetteIN47907 United States

The future memory is massive, diverse, and tightly integrated with computing. This research presents tight integration, both physically and architecturally, of two on-chip memory technologies, resistive switching random access memory (RRAM) and gain cell (GC) memory. HfO2 RRAM and indium tin oxide (ITO) GC memory are monolithically integrated on 130-nm Si CMOS technology to form a joint memory that enables low-energy training and low-standby-power inference for edge devices. High-bandwidth on-chip data transfer can have a bandwidth that is 90× state-of-the-art (SoTA) HBM3E and 211× PCIe 7.0, enabled by high-density monolithic 3-D interconnections between memory arrays and high-speed transfer circuit within the integrated joint memory macro. Fabricated atomic layer deposition (ALD) ITO FET exhibits positive VTH of 0.67 V, excellent subthreshold slope (SS) of 65 mV/dec, high ON-current of 20 μA/μm, and low OFF-current of 5 × 10-18 A/μm, as extracted from >5000 s retention. The joint memory macro consumes 78% less standby power and 95% less training energy for MobileBERT compared to SRAM with iso-capacity. This RRAM-GC joint memory facilitates efficient continual learning in edge devices, addressing the challenges of a resource-constrained environment while supporting adaptive artificial intelligence (AI) model updates. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： RRAM

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