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What Drives the Decadal Variability of Global Tropical Storm Days from 1965 to 2019?

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第2期39卷 344-353页

作者： Yifei DAI Bin WANG Weiyi SUN Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education and Earth System Modeling CenterNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China International Pacific Research Center University of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96822USA Department of Atmospheric Sciences School of Ocean and Earth Science and TechnologyUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96822USA Key Laboratory for Virtual Geographic Environment.Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution of Jiangsu ProvinceJiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and ApplicationSchool of Geography ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China

The tropical storm day(TSD)is a combined measure of genesis and *** reflects tropical cyclone(TC)overall activity,yet its variability has rarely been studied,especially *** we show that the global total TSDs exhibit pronounced interannual(3-6 years)and decadal(10 years)variations over the past five-to-six decades without a significant *** leading modes of the interannual and decadal variability of global TSD feature similar patterns in the western Pacific and Atlantic,but different patterns in the Eastern Pacific and the Southern Indian *** interannual and decadal leading modes are primarily linked to El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)and Pacific Decadal Oscillation(PDO),*** TSDs-ENSO relationship has been steady during the entire 55-year period,but the TSDs-PDO relationship has experienced a breakdown in the 1980 *** find that the decadal variation of TSD in the Pacific is associated with the PDO sea surface temperature(SST)anomalies in the tropical eastern Pacific(PDO-E),while that in the Atlantic and the Indian Ocean is associated with the PDO SST anomalies in the western Pacific(PDO-W).However,the PDO-E and PDO-W SST anomalies are poorly coupled in the 1980 s,and this"destructive PDO"pattern results in a breakdown of the TSDs-PDO *** results here have an important implication for seasonal to decadal predictions of global TSD.

关键词： tropical storm days(TSDs) interannual and decadal variations El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation Pacific Decadal Oscillation(PDO)

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Impacts of major volcanic eruptions over the past two millennia on both global and Chinese climates:A review

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 61-78页

作者： Weiyi SUN Deliang CHEN Guonian LÜ Liang NING Chaochao GAO Renhe ZHANG Bin WANG Jian LIU Key Laboratory for Virtual Geographic Environment Ministry of EducationState Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution of Jiangsu ProvinceJiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and ApplicationSchool of Geography ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Regional Climate Group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburg 40530Sweden College of Environmental and Resource Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences&Institute of Atmospheric Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200437China Department of Atmospheric Sciences and Atmosphere-Ocean Research Center University of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96825USA Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Numerical Simulation of Large Scale Complex Systems School of Mathematical ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Open Studio for the Simulation of Ocean-Climate-Isotope Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266237China

Major volcanic eruptions(MVEs)have attracted increasing attention from the scientific *** studies have explored the climatic impact of MVEs over the past two ***,proxy-based reconstructions and climate model simulations indicate divergent responses of global and China’s regional climates to ***,we used multiple data from observations,reconstructions,simulations,and assimilations to summarize the historical facts of MVEs,the characteristics and mechanisms of their climatic impact,and directions for future *** reviewed volcanic datasets and determined intensive MVE periods;these periods corresponded to the years 530–700,1200‒1460,and 1600‒1840 *** tropical MVEs,a substantial cooling effect is observed throughout the globe and China on the interannual-interdecadal time scales but an inconsistent cooling magnitude is detected between reconstructions and *** the first summer after tropical MVEs,a decrease in global and monsoonal precipitation is *** reconstructions and simulations,an increased precipitation is seen for the Yangtze River Basin,while large uncertainties in precipitation changes are present for other regions of *** drought can be induced by frequent eruptions and volcanism superimposed on low solar irradiation and internal *** affect climate directly through the radiative effect and indirectly by modulating internal variability,such as the El Niño‒Southern Oscillation(ENSO)and Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation(AMO).However,changes in the phase,amplitude,and periodicity of ENSO and AMO after MVEs and the associated mechanisms remain controversial,which could account for model-reconstruction ***,other internal variability,uncertainties in reconstruction methods and aerosol‒climate models,and climate background may also induce model-reconstruction *** gaps and directions for future research are also discussed.

关键词： Major volcanic eruption Climate variability Mechanism Past two millennia Internal variability

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Analytics in Higher Education: Scoping the Landscape of Research in the Area 11

Analytics in Higher Education: Scoping the Landscape of Rese...

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11th International Conference on System Modeling and Advancement in Research Trends, SMART 2022

作者： Kaul, Natashaa Deshpande, Amruta Mittal, Amit Jain, Vishal Symbiosis Center for Management and Human Resource Development Pune India India Symbiosis International University Pune India Indira School of Business Studies Pgdm Pune India Chitkara Business School Chitkara University Punjab India School of Engineering and Technology Sharda University Department of Computer Science and Engineering U.P. Greater Noida India

ISBN: (纸本)9781665487320

Understanding the research landscape of any domain is of primary importance at all stages of a concept's evolution. Research in the domain of analytics has increased exponentially in the past decade, analytics is a tool being applied to increase effectiveness and efficiency within all domains. Similarly, there are numerous research studies that have applied analytics to the domain of higher education. Assessing research activity is important for planning future research and identifying the way forward to make meaningful contributions. The objective of this paper is to examine the current research in this domain and to identify emerging areas of research to make meaningful contributions. Bibliometric analysis was applied using Scopus. Documents on analytics and higher education keywords in business, accounting and management and published in journals were considered for the analysis. Vos Viewer was used for bibliometric analysis in the area, to identify emerging research themes and to understand the scope of applying analytics in higher education. The search query found 1635 documents when using the keywords of 'analytics' and 'higher education'. This was further narrowed down to research in Business Management and Accounting and using Journal articles and conference articles, finally yielding 103 articles. After a primary read to remove articles misplaced in the group the final number of articles include for the bibliometric analysis came down to 98. There has been an increase in publications since 2018 with interest increasing post pandemic in the area. The research categories are Student outcomes and perspective, academician outcomes and perspective, design of learning systems, etc. Based on this, it is recommended that research should focus on theoretical aspects of applying analytics to HEIs, ethical issues in data collection, etc.. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Learning systems

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Security Issues and Challenges in Internet of Things (IoT) System 5

Security Issues and Challenges in Internet of Things (IoT) S...

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5th International Conference on Contemporary Computing and Informatics, IC3I 2022

作者： Beltran, Joel Alanya Mudholkar, Pankaj Mudholkar, Megha Tripathi, Vikas Valderrama-Zapata, Carlos Lourense, Melanie Universidad Tecnológica Del Perú Peru Marwadi University Department of Computer Applications Gujarat Rajkot India Thakur Institute of Management Studies Career Development & Research Department of MCA Maharashtra Mumbai India Graphic Era Deemed to Be University Department of CSE Uttarakhand Dehradun India Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola Peru Durban Universwity of Technology Department of Human Resource Management Durban Berea South Africa

ISBN: (纸本)9798350398267

Significant privacy and security concerns apply to the Internet of Things. IoT issues might include driver ignorance, inadequate device updates, a lack of robust and effective safeguards, and unreliable dynamic instrument management. The study's objectives include identifying (a) various cybersecurity concern regarding, (b) techniques for attempting to secure IoT-enabled options and buildings, (c) available at the moment security remedies, and (d) the much more acceptable privacy depictions for the differing stages of technology apps. Researchers proposed a new, generally expanded layered paradigm that included security and privacy tools as well as layer documenting. the recommended virtualized Internet of Things system's deployment and evaluation. Internet of Things (IoT) units built as virtualized using Amazon Web Services make the bottom layer (AWS). The topcoat was developed by researchers utilising AWS's cloud-based IoT platform (the cloud). To allow data transfer between the envisioned cloud/edge authorised IoT representation's levels, researchers have created ssl certificates. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Internet of things

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Determinants of Cybercrime Victimization: Experiences and Multi-stage Recommendations from a Survey in Cameroon 14th

Determinants of Cybercrime Victimization: Experiences and Mu...

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14th EAI International Conference on Towards new e-Infrastructure and e-Services for Developing Countries, AFRICOMM 2022

作者： Ntsama, Jean Emmanuel Tchakounte, Franklin Tchakounte Tchuimi, Dimitri Faissal, Ahmadou Fotso Kuate, Franck Arnaud Effa, Joseph Yves Udagepola, Kalum Priyanath Atemkeng, Marcellin Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Faculty of Science University of Ngaoundéré Ngaoundéré Cameroon Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Human Resource Economics Faculty of Economics and Management University of Yaoundé II SOA Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Ngaoundéré Ngaoundéré Cameroon Department of Information and Computing Sciences Scientific Research Development Institute of Technology Loganlea Australia Department of Mathematics Rhodes University Makhanda South Africa

ISBN: (纸本)9783031348952

Cybercrimes are multiplying and spreading at an elusive speed commensurate with the emerging technologies of the fourth revolution. Their sophistication and user’s vulnerability to attacks catalyze their success. Several surveys have been conducted to determine the factors favoring victimization. However, they can only be applied within a contextual framework since each ecosystem has particularities. Attempts in this direction are unavailable in Cameroon where cybercrimes cost 12.2 billion CFA in 2021. This work consists of a semi-direct survey conducted in Cameroon in 2021 to provide the determinants explaining the most frequent cybercriminal techniques, the vulnerabilities left by the users, the most targeted population segments, and the socio-demographic and economic factors justifying this security fragility. The results relate to 370 questionnaires collected throughout the territory. According to descriptive statistics and the chi-square test, the explanatory variables of cybercrime victimization are gender, age, intellectual level, level of digital knowledge, level of Information and Communication technology (ICT) proficiency, type of equipment used, the mobile and desktop operating system used, the possession of an anti-virus/anti-spam and the marital status. Within this work, we have identified threats and their drivers and a theoretical framework has been provided with several stages that could be followed to contain cybercrime. © 2023, ICST Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering.

关键词： Statistical tests

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An Improved Spatial Downscaling Procedure for TRMM 3B43 Precipitation Product Using Geographically Weighted Regression

An Improved Spatial Downscaling Procedure for TRMM 3B43 Prec...

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作者： Chen, Cheng Zhao, Shuhe Duan, Zheng Qin, Zhihao School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science and Technology Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation Geographical Information Resource Development and Application Nanjing210023 China Department of Civil Engineering and Geographic Sciences Delft University of Technology CN Delft2628 Netherlands Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing100081 China

Precipitation data at high spatio-temporal resolution are essential for hydrological, meteorological, and ecological research in local basins and regions. The coarse spatial resolution (0.25°) of Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) 3B43 product is insufficient for practical requirements. In this paper, a multivariable geographically weighted regression (GWR) downscaling method was developed to obtain 1 km precipitation. The GWR method was compared with two other downscaling methods [univariate regression (UR) and multivariate regression (MR)] in terms of the performance of downscaled annual precipitation. Variables selection procedures were proposed for selecting appropriate auxiliary factors in all three downscaling methods. To obtain the monthly 1 km precipitation, two monthly downscaling strategies (annual-based fraction disaggregation method and monthly based GWR method) were evaluated. All analysis was tested in Gansu province, China with a semiarid to arid climate for three typical years. Validation with measurements from 24 rain gauge stations showed that the proposed GWR method performed consistently better than the UR and MR methods. Two monthly downscaling methods were efficient in deriving the monthly precipitation at 1 km. The former method faces the challenge of precipitation spatial heterogeneity and the derived monthly precipitation heavily depends on the annual downscaled results, which could lead to the accumulation of errors. The monthly based GWR method is suitable for downscaling monthly precipitation, but the accuracy of original TRMM 3B43 data would have large influence on downscaling results. It was demonstrated that the proposed method was effective for obtaining both annual and monthly TRMM 1 km precipitation with high accuracy. © 2015 IEEE.

关键词： Rain gages

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Palmyra and coconut haustorium: A comprehensive review on nutritional composition, bioactive potential, value-added products and its health benefits

Food Chemistry Advances

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Food Chemistry Advances 2024年 5卷

作者： E, Raja Rajeshwari P S, Sathanya S, Vignesh N, Baskaran Department of Academics and Human Resource Development National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management – Thanjavur (NIFTEM-T) Tamil Nadu 613005 India

The various parts of the palmyra and coconut trees which are widely distributed in the southern parts of the Indian subcontinent have been studied and utilized for many years. These contain a white and spongy edible component in them which is found during the germination of the seeds called haustorium. The palmyra and coconut trees each have different sections with special medical properties. Recently, the haustorium of both coconut and palmyra trees has been gaining increased attention from researchers due to its nutritional properties. Certain studies on the haustoria have revealed the presence of various compounds that are beneficial for human health. The bioactive compounds found in the previous studies include phenols, flavonoids, terpenoids, pyrimidine groups and certain vitamins which act as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, and anti-mutagenic agents. This review focuses on comparing the nutritional composition, bioactive compounds, sugar profile fatty acid profile, amino acid profile, minerals, and vitamins of both palmyra and coconut haustorium. This review also reports on the value addition of the haustoria as usually they are consumed in their raw form. These value-added products not only enhance the economic viability of these underutilized resources but also contribute to extending their shelf life, making them more accessible in the market. Also, this review emphasizes the haustorium's potential defence against negative consequences. Therefore, this review paper helps in understanding the palmyra and coconut haustorium and its potential health benefits. © 2024 The Author(s)

关键词： Bioactive compounds Coconut haustorium Nutritional composition Palmyra haustorium Phytochemical properties Value-added products

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Effects of design thinking on artificial intelligence learning and creativity

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Educational Studies 2024年第5期50卷 763页

作者： Yu-Shan Chang Meng-Chen Tsai Department of Technology Application and Human Resource Development National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan

ABSTRACTThis study explored the effects of design thinking on the conceptual cognition of artificial intelligence (AI) learning, attitudes toward AI, idea creativity, and the product creativity of AI applications. The concept map indicated that design thinking had a significant effect on the conceptual cognition of AI learning, particularly the relational conjunctions and classes of AI concepts. However, effects of cross-linking and examples were nonsignificant. In addition, it had a significant and positive effect on learning attitudes toward AI, in particular AI input and AI processing. Moreover, design thinking significantly and positively affected the idea creativity of AI applications, particularly the effects of novelty and value. It also had a significant and positive effect on the product creativity of AI applications, particularly functionality and elaboration. However, material novelty, style, idea structure, and product creativity had no significant difference.

关键词： Design thinking artificial intelligence learning creativity

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Artificial Intelligence image recognition using self-regulation learning strategies: effects on vocabulary acquisition, learning anxiety, and learning behaviours of English language learners

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Interactive Learning Environments 2024年第6期32卷 3060页

作者： Ting-Chia Hsu Ching Chang Tien-Hsiu Jen Department of Technology Application and Human Resource Development National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan

ABSTRACTYoung learners’ vocabulary learning needs interaction with language input when they are engaged in an activity. Given that AI-supported image recognition technologies offer hands-on learning in authentic contexts, and that self-regulated learning (SRL) enables learners to monitor and evaluate their learning when interacting with multi-sensory experiences of the target vocabulary, this study investigated how AI image recognition technologies along with SRL affect students’ vocabulary acquisition, self-regulation, and learning anxiety in the language classroom, and further analysed students’ learning behaviours during learning. A total of 47 Grade 3 students participated. Students in the experimental group (EG) assigned to AI-supported image recognition (AI-IR) with SRL, learnt with vocabulary from realia using AI-IR with SRL. Students in the control group (CG) assigned to AI-supported optical character recognition (AI-OCR) technology with SRL, learnt with vocabulary from printed texts using AI-OCR with SRL. Results indicated that the EG students significantly outperformed the CG students in terms of vocabulary acquisition, although no significant differences were found in the two groups’ self-regulation or learning anxieties. Behavioural analysis revealed that the EG students had greater development of their self-regulation and lower learning anxiety. Lastly, suggestions and limitations are provided for further research.

关键词： Image recognition technologies self-regulation learning anxieties learning behaviours

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The status of carbon neutrality of the world’s top 5 CO_(2) emitters as seen by carbon satellites

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Fundamental Research 2022年第3期2卷 357-366页

作者： Fei Jian Wei He Weimin Ju Hengmao Wang Mousong Wu Jun Wang Shuzhuang Feng Lingyu Zhang Jing MChen Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science and Technology International Institute for Earth System ScienceNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application Nanjing 210023China Department of Geography University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S3G3Canada Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

China,the Unite States(US),the European Union(EU),India,and Russia are the world’s top 5 fossil fuel and cement CO_(2)(FFC)emitting countries or regions(CRs).It is very important to understand their status of carbon neutrality,and to monitor their future changes of net carbon fluxes(NCFs).In this study,we implemented a well-established global carbon assimilation system(GCAS,Version 2)to infer global surface carbon fluxes from May 2009 to December 2019 using both GOSAT and OCO-2 XCO_(2)*** reductions of flux uncertainty and XCO_(2)bias,and the evaluation of posterior flux show that GCAS has comparable and good performance in the 5 *** results suggest that Russia has achieved carbon neutrality,but the other 4 are still far from being carbon neutral,especially *** mean annual NCFs in China,the US,the EU,India,and Russia are 2.33±0.29,0.82±0.20,0.42±0.16,0.50±0.12,and-0.33±0.23 PgC yr^(−1),*** 2010 to 2019,the NCFs showed an increasing trend in the US and India,a slight downward trend after 2013 in China,and were stable in the *** changes of land sinks in China and the US might be the main reason for their ***’s trend was mainly due to the increase of FFC *** relative contributions of NCFs to the global land net carbon emission of China and the EU have decreased,while those of the US and India have increased,implying the US and India must take more active measures to control carbon emissions or increase their *** study indicates that satellite XCO_(2)could be successfully used to monitor the changes of regional NCFs,which is of great significance for major countries to achieve greenhouse gas control goals.

关键词： Net carbon flux GOSAT OCO-2 XCO_(2) Atmospheric inversion

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