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Pose Estimation of Spacecraft Using Dual Transformers and Efficient Bayesian Hyperparameter Optimization

International Journal of Advanced computer Science and Applications 2025年第4期16卷 629-644页

作者： Raja, N. Kannaiya Ramesh, Janjhyam Venkata Naga El-Ebiary, Yousef A. Baker Muniyandy, Elangovan Reddy, N. Konda Kumar, Vanipenta Ravi Devarasetty, Prasad School of Computing Science and Engineering VIT Bhopal University Madhya Pradesh Bhopal466114 India Department of CSE Graphic Era Hill University Dehradun248002 India Department of CSE Graphic Era Deemed To Be University Uttarakhand Dehradun248002 India Faculty of Informatics and Computing UniSZA University Malaysia Department of Biosciences Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Chennai602 105 India Applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private University Amman Jordan Department of Engineering Mathematics K L University Greenfields Guntur Dist Andhra Pradesh Vaddeswaram522302 India Department of Mathematics Annamacharya University New Boyanapalli Rajampet India Department of Computer Science and Engineering DVR & Dr HS MIC College of Technology Andhra Pradesh Kanchikacherla India

Spacecraft pose estimation is an essential contribution to facilitating central space mission activities like autonomous navigation, rendezvous, docking, and on-orbit servicing. Nonetheless, methods like Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM), and Particle Filtering suffer significant drawbacks when implemented in space. Such techniques tend to have high computational complexity, low domain generalization capacity for varied or unknown conditions (domain generalization problem), and accuracy loss with noise from the space environment causes such as fluctuating lighting, sensor limitations, and background interference. In order to overcome these challenges, this study suggests a new solution through the combination of a Dual-Channel Transformer Network with Bayesian Optimization methods. The innovation is at the center with the utilization of EfficientNet, augmented with squeeze-and-excitation attention modules, to extract feature-rich representations without sacrificing computational efficiency. The dual-channel architecture dissects satellite pose estimation into two dedicated streams—translational data prediction and orientation estimation via quaternion-based activation functions for rotational precision. Activation maps are transformed into transformer-compatible sequences via 1×1 convolutions, allowing successful learning in the transformer's encoder-decoder system. To maximize model performance, Bayesian Optimization with Gaussian Process Regression and the Upper Confidence Bound (UCB) acquisition function makes the optimal hyperparameter selection with fewer queries, conserving time and resources. This entire framework, used here in Python and verified with the SLAB Satellite Pose Estimation Challenge dataset, had an outstanding Mean IOU of 0.9610, reflecting higher accuracy compared to standard models. In total, this research sets a new standard for spacecraft pose estimation, by marrying the versatility of deep le

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Method of Automated Dataset Collection for Microwave Filters Synthesis

Method of Automated Dataset Collection for Microwave Filters...

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Systems of Signals Generating and Processing in the Field of on Board Communications

作者： O. V. Arinin D. M. Bakhmach A. I. Katsnelson A. S. Kurbeteva A. A. Yelizarov Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics Moscow Russia Electronic Engineering Department HSE University Moscow Russia Computer Engineering Department HSE University Moscow Russia

ISBN: (数字)9798331532635

ISBN: (纸本)9798331532642

This research discusses the method of dataset collection automatization for microwave filter synthesis by integrating machine learning techniques, thus reducing development time. Utilizing the 3D electromagnetic analysis software package, the study involves simulation and collecting geometric parameters and amplitude-frequency characteristics from three variants of passband highly selective microstrip tworesonator combined filters with stepped impedance resonators. In this paper, specific items and restrictions on filter topology creation in the simulation program are discussed, as well the review of the script used for dataset collection and its requirements is given. In addition, a dataset structure and format are described.

关键词： Microstrip filters Three-dimensional displays Network topology Resonator filters Machine learning Microwave communication Information filters Topology Microwave filters Optimization

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Automatic melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer diagnosis using advanced adaptive fine-tuned convolution neural networks

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Discover Oncology 2025年第1期16卷 1-27页

作者： Khan, Muhammad Amir Mazhar, Tehseen Ali, Muhammad Danish Khattak, Umar Farooq Shahzad, Tariq Saeed, Mamoon M. Hamam, Habib School of Computing Sciences College of Computing Informatics and Mathematics Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam 40450 Malaysia School of Computer Science National College of Business Administration and Economics Lahore 54000 Pakistan Department of Computer Science COMSATS University Islamabad Abbottabad Campus Abbottabad 22060 Pakistan School of Information Technology UNITAR International University Kelana Jaya Petaling Jaya 47301 Malaysia Department of Computer Engineering COMSATS University Islamabad Sahiwal Campus Sahiwal 57000 Pakistan Department of Communications and Electronics Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Modern Sciences (UMS) Yemen Sana’a 00967 Yemen Faculty of Engineering University de Moncton Moncton E1A3E9 NB Canada School of Electrical Engineering Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Science University of Johannesburg Johannesburg South Africa Hodmas University College Taleh Area Mogadishu Banadir 521376 Somalia Bridges for Academic Excellence—Spectrum Tunis Centre-Ville 1002 Tunisia Department of Computer Science School Education Department Government of Punjab Layyah 31200 Pakistan

Skin Cancer is an extensive and possibly dangerous disorder that requires early detection for effective treatment. Add specific global statistics on skin cancer prevalence and mortality to emphasize the importance of early detection. Example: “Skin cancer accounts for 1 in 5 diagnosed cancers globally, with melanoma causing over 60,000 deaths annually. Manual skin cancer screening is both time-intensive and expensive. Deep learning (DL) techniques have shown exceptional performance in various applications and have been applied to systematize skin cancer diagnosis. However, training DL models for skin cancer diagnosis is challenging due to limited available data and the risk of overfitting. Traditionally approaches have High computational costs, a lack of interpretability, deal with numerous hyperparameters and spatial variation have always been problems with machine learning (ML) and DL. An innovative method called adaptive learning has been developed to overcome these problems. In this research, we advise an intelligent computer-aided system for automatic skin cancer diagnosis using a two-stage transfer learning approach and Pre-trained Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). CNNs are well-suited for learning hierarchical features from images. Annotated skin cancer photographs are utilized to detect ROIs and reset the initial layer of the pre-trained CNN. The lower-level layers learn about the characteristics and patterns of lesions and unaffected areas by fine-tuning the model. To capture high-level, global features specific to skin cancer, we replace the fully connected (FC) layers, responsible for encoding such features, with a new FC layer based on principal component analysis (PCA). This unsupervised technique enables the mining of discriminative features from the skin cancer images, effectively mitigating overfitting concerns and letting the model adjust structural features of skin cancer images, facilitating effective detection of skin cancer features. The sys

关键词： Advanced adaptive fine-tuned Convolution neural networks Melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer

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A Multi-Scale Deep Learning Framework Combining MobileViT-ECA and LSTM for Accurate ECG Analysis

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 85473-85492页

作者： Ba Mahel, Abduljabbar S. Al-Gaashani, Mehdhar S. A. M. Alkanhel, Reem Ibrahim Hassan, Dina S. M. Muthanna, Mohammed Saleh Ali Muthanna, Ammar Aziz, Ahmed University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Life Science and Technology Chengdu610054 China University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Resources and Environment Chengdu610056 China Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University College of Computer and Information Sciences Department of Information Technology P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia Tashkent State University of Economics Department of International Business Management Tashkent Uzbekistan RUDN University Department of Applied Probability and Informatics Peoples’Friendship University of Russia 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St Moscow117198 Russia Faculty of Computer and Artificial Intelligence Benha University Department of Computer Science Egypt Central Asian University Engineering school Tashkent Uzbekistan

Electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis is crucial for diagnosing cardiovascular diseases (CVD), especially atrial fibrillation (AF), a prevalent cardiac rhythm abnormality. However, the variability and complexity of ECG signals make AF classification challenging, highlighting the need for more accurate and reliable methods. This paper introduces a novel deep learning (DL) architecture designed to enhance the processing, feature extraction, and analysis of ECG signals. The proposed model utilizes a hybrid framework that combines standard and dilated convolutional networks, advanced attention mechanisms, and temporal sequence learning to address the complexities of ECG data. A parallel architecture integrates a MobileViT block for efficient spatial feature extraction and an Efficient Channel Attention (ECA) module to refine feature representations. Simultaneously, a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network captures temporal dependencies in the data. The concatenation of the outputs from both the MobileViT-ECA block and the LSTM network allows for the extraction of both local and global features. Fully connected layers, along with dropout regularization, ensure robust performance and effective classification. We analyzed ECG signals of three different lengths (1, 2, and 3 seconds) to investigate how segment length affects model performance. Additionally, we conducted various classification scenarios and an ablation study to simulate real-world conditions and identify key components of the architecture. Our experimental findings show that the model attains high accuracy in ECG classification and AF identification, with average metrics including accuracy of 87.80%, recall of 87.80%, F1-score of 87.45%, and specificity of 95.66%. The proposed model outperforms existing methods on the same AF dataset, demonstrating its superior performance. This method accurately classifies ECG signals and detects AF, highlighting its potential for clinical application. The results help move forwar

关键词： Electrocardiography

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FEDERATED INVERSE PROBABILITY TREATMENT WEIGHTING FOR INDIVIDUAL TREATMENT EFFECT ESTIMATION

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Yin, Changchang Chen, Hong-You Chao, Wei-Lun Zhang, Ping Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering Department of Biomedical Informatics Translational Data Analytics Institute The Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States

Individual treatment effect (ITE) estimation is to evaluate the causal effects of treatment strategies on some important outcomes, which is a crucial problem in healthcare. Most existing ITE estimation methods are designed for centralized settings. However, in real-world clinical scenarios, the raw data are usually not shareable among hospitals due to the potential privacy and security risks, which makes the methods not applicable. In this work, we study the ITE estimation task in a federated setting, which allows us to harness the decentralized data from multiple hospitals. Due to the unavoidable confounding bias in the collected data, a model directly learned from it would be inaccurate. One well-known solution is Inverse Probability Treatment Weighting (IPTW), which uses the conditional probability of treatment given the covariates to re-weight each training example. Applying IPTW in a federated setting, however, is non-trivial. We found that even with a well-estimated conditional probability, the local model training step using each hospital’s data alone would still suffer from confounding bias. To address this, we propose FED-IPTW, a novel algorithm to extend IPTW into a federated setting that enforces both global (over all the data) and local (within each hospital) decorrelation between covariates and treatments. We validated our approach on the task of comparing the treatment effects of mechanical ventilation on improving survival probability for patients with breadth difficulties in the intensive care unit (ICU). We conducted experiments on both synthetic and real-world eICU datasets and the results show that FED-IPTW outperform state-of-the-art methods on all the metrics on factual prediction and ITE estimation tasks, paving the way for personalized treatment strategy design in mechanical ventilation usage. © 2025, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Inverse problems

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Massive Random Access Control for VLC: A Reinforcement Learning Driven Approach

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IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 2025年第10期37卷 567-570页

作者： Liu, Sicong Tang, Xiao Song, Linqi Xiamen University School of Informatics National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Navigation and Location Services Xiamen361000 China Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University Shenzhen518057 China City University of Hong Kong Department of Computer Science Kowloon Hong Kong City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen518057 China

Visible light communication (VLC) has been widely applied to provide dense network access. Usually random access requests are sparse, and the users can be efficiently detected using compressed sensing (CS) based methods. However, in case of bursting network traffic, massive access requests can significantly degrade the performance of user detection. To this end, we propose an intelligent massive random access control scheme, i.e., Sparse Adaptive Random Access (SARA), based on reinforcement learning (RL). Through iterative interactions with the complex and time-varying environment, the proposed scheme of SARA can smartly provide appropriate flow control levels for users with different priorities. Thus, it can not only respond to high-priority users in a timely manner, but also avoid the low detection accuracy caused by massive access requests. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme outperforms the benchmark schemes in case of high concurrent traffic. © 1989-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Secure and Reliable 6G Communications with BCH-Based GLDPC and Kyber

Secure and Reliable 6G Communications with BCH-Based GLDPC a...

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IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE)

作者： Linh Nguyen Cheol-Hong Min Hanho Lee Tuy Tan Nguyen School of Informatics Computing and Cyber Systems Northern Arizona University USA Department of Electrical. and Computer Engineering University of St. Thomas USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Inha University Republic of Korea

ISBN: (数字)9798331521165

ISBN: (纸本)9798331521172

Channel coding in sixth-generation (6G) networks must attain exceptionally low bit error rate (BER), typically in the range of 10– 6 to 10– 9 , to ensure the requisite level of reliability. While fifth-generation (5G) New Radio (NR) coding techniques have made substantial progress, the inherent limitations of the low error floor impede the attainment of such stringent BER targets. Compared to the low-density parity check (LDPC) codes employed in 5G communications, generalized low-density parity check (GLDPC) codes offer a more advantageous tradeoff between computational complexity and error correction performance in 6G networks. GLDPC codes enhance traditional LDPC structures by incorporating more complex local decoding units within their check nodes. When coupled with cryptographic techniques, GLDPC codes can establish a robust information security framework. In this paper, we propose a new security-based GLDPC that uses a number of BCH matrices for the GLDPC decoding process combined with the Kyber algorithm (BCH-based KyGLDPC) before transmitting data to increase reli-ability and solve the security problem against quantum computer attacks. The system's performance is assessed using both image data and data encrypted prior to transmission in a white additive Gaussian noise environment. The results indicate that the system provides strong error correction and data security.

关键词： 6G mobile communication Quantum computing computer network reliability System performance Bit error rate Parity check codes Error correction codes Decoding Reliability Channel coding

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A Pipeline of Augmentation and Sequence Embedding for Classification of Imbalanced Network Traffic

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2025年

作者： Shokri, Matin Hasibi, Ramin Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering K. N. Toosi University of Technology Iran Department of Informatics University of Bergen Bergen Norway

Network Traffic Classification (NTC) is one of the most important tasks in network management. The imbalanced nature of classes on the internet presents a critical challenge in classification tasks. For example, some classes of applications are much more prevalent than others, such as HTTP. As a result, machine learning classification models do not perform well on those classes with fewer data. To address this problem, we propose a pipeline to balance the dataset and classify it using a robust and accurate embedding technique. First, we generate artificial data using Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks and Kernel Density Estimation (KDE). Next, we propose replacing one-hot encoding for categorical features with a novel embedding framework based on the"Flow as a Sentence" perspective, which we name FS-Embedding. This framework treats the source and destination ports, along with the packet’s direction, as one word in a flow, then trains an embedding vector space based on these new features through the learning classification task. Finally, we compare our pipeline with the training of a Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network (CRNN) and Transformers, both with imbalanced and sampled datasets, as well as with the one-hot encoding approach. We demonstrate that the proposed augmentation pipeline, combined with FS-Embedding, increases convergence speed and leads to a significant reduction in the number of model parameters, all while maintaining the same performance in terms of accuracy. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Network embeddings

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Onboard Perception-Assisted High Fidelity Simulation Framework for Autonomous Planetary Soft-Landing

Onboard Perception-Assisted High Fidelity Simulation Framewo...

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AIAA Science and Technology Forum and Exposition, AIAA SciTech Forum 2025

作者： Alibekov, Ulugbek Banerjee, Avijit Satpute, Sumeet Gajanan Nikolakopoulos, George ERASMUS MUNDUS JOINT MASTER in Intelligent Field Robotic Systems Faculty of Informatics Eötvös Loránd University Budapest Hungary Robotics and AI research group Department of Computer Science Electrical and Space Engineering Luleå University of Technology Luleå Sweden

ISBN: (数字)9781624107238

ISBN: (纸本)9781624107238

This article presents an onboard perception-assisted high-fidelity simulation framework for autonomous planetary soft-landing, enabling visual information processing tightly integrated with advanced onboard guidance system in a realistic simulation environments. Utilizing the open source Unity game engine, a physics-based simulation toolbox integrated with the Robotic Operating System (ROS2), we effectively emulate the motion of spacecraft approaching planetary terrain. The simulation environment features a realistic 3D terrain model and a lander spacecraft equipped with onboard camera to effectively capture detailed local terrain images. The simulation engine accurately captures the spacecraft’s 6-degrees of freedom motion, seamlessly integrating space craft orientation with the associated camera feed while incorporating various illumination conditions using a light source representing the Sun. To demonstrate the efficacy of the framework, we implement a recently developed attitude-constrained minimum jerk guidance algorithm to emulate spacecraft motion. Concurrently, the visual feed from the onboard RGB camera is processed through a gradient extraction-based perception system, providing the visual odometer. This system identifies provably safe landing sites, effectively avoiding potential risks of landing on uneven terrain. © 2025, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc, AIAA. All rights reserved.

关键词： Planetary landers

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Millimeter-Wave Gap Waveguide-Based Broadband Slant-Polarized Slot Array Antenna

Millimeter-Wave Gap Waveguide-Based Broadband Slant-Polarize...

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European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP

作者： Davood Zarifi Ali Farahbakhsh Michal Mrozowski Department of Microwave and Antenna Engineering Faculty of Electronics Telecommunications and Informatics Gdansk University of Technology Gdansk Poland School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Kashan Kashan Iran Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Graduate University of Kerman Kerman Iran

ISBN: (数字)9788831299107

ISBN: (纸本)9798350366327

This research deals with the design of a broadband, slant-polarized antenna array for 26–40 GHz frequency band. The design employs gap waveguide technology to minimize unwanted energy leakage, ensuring high gain and efficiency. In this configuration, the radiating slots are angled at 45°, and a two-layer feed network, utilizing compact folded E-plane groove gap waveguide power dividers, is used to energize the slots. Key advantages of the proposed antenna array include its low profile, low loss, wide bandwidth, and suitability for millimeter-wave applications.

关键词： Power dividers Slot antennas Millimeter wave technology Optical device fabrication Gap waveguide Bandwidth Millimeter wave propagation Broadband communication Broadband antennas Antenna arrays

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