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Reliable Task Offloading for 6G-Based IoT Applications

computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第2期82卷 2255-2274页

作者： Usman Mahmood Malik Muhammad Awais Javed Ahmad Naseem Alvi Mohammed Alkhathami Department of Computer Software Engineering National University of Science and Technology(NUST)Islamabad44000Pakistan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering COMSATS University IslamabadIslamabad45550Pakistan Information Systems Department College of Computer and Information SciencesImam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)Riyadh11432Saudi Arabia

Fog computing is a key enabling technology of 6G systems as it provides quick and reliable computing,and data storage services which are required for several 6G *** Intelligence(AI)algorithms will be an integral part of 6G systems and efficient task offloading techniques using fog computing will improve their performance and *** this paper,the focus is on the scenario of Partial Offloading of a Task to Multiple Helpers(POMH)in which larger tasks are divided into smaller subtasks and processed in parallel,hence expediting task ***,using POMH presents challenges such as breaking tasks into subtasks and scaling these subtasks based on many interdependent factors to ensure that all subtasks of a task finish simultaneously,preventing resource ***,applying matching theory to POMH scenarios results in dynamic preference profiles of helping devices due to changing subtask sizes,resulting in a difficult-to-solve,externalities *** paper introduces a novel many-to-one matching-based algorithm,designed to address the externalities problem and optimize resource allocation within POMH ***,we propose a new time-efficient preference profiling technique that further enhances time optimization in POMH *** performance of the proposed technique is thoroughly evaluated in comparison to alternate baseline schemes,revealing many advantages of the proposed *** simulation findings indisputably show that the proposed matching-based offloading technique outperforms existing methodologies in the literature,yielding a remarkable 52 reduction in task latency,particularly under high workloads.

关键词： 6G IoT task offloading fog computing

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uFOIL: An Unsupervised Fusion of Image Processing and Language Understanding

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 31683-31700页

作者： Rahman, Md. Abdur Hasan, Md. Tanzimul Farooq Howlader, Umar Kader, Md. Abdul Islam, Md. Motaharul Hung Pham, Phuoc Mehedi Hassan, Mohammad United International University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Dhaka1212 Bangladesh Providence College Department of Mathematics and Computer Science ProvidenceRI02918 United States King Saud University College of Computer and Information Sciences Department of Information Systems Riyadh11543 Saudi Arabia

In academic institutions, processing and evaluating documents such as exam scripts remains a labor-intensive process susceptible to human error. Traditional digitization systems face significant challenges in handling the complexities of mixed handwritten and printed text and varying document structures. These challenges are exacerbated by the absence of annotated datasets due to privacy concerns, particularly in contexts involving sensitive exam evaluations. To address these issues, this study introduces uFOIL, an unsupervised ensemble-based framework that integrates advanced image and language processing techniques to automate the extraction and validation of key information. The framework employs a majority voting mechanism that combines four state-of-the-art optical character recognition systems. Furthermore, a transformer architecture is incorporated to enhance contextual understanding and the structured formatting of extracted text that follows a post-processing confidence scoring mechanism. The proposed framework achieves high performance, with accuracies of 95.77% and 96.48% for student names and IDs, respectively;and 95.07% for total mark validation based on a dataset of exam script samples. Additionally, experiments on the benchmark ICDAR2013 dataset suggest the framework’s strong applicability achieving precision, recall, and F1-scores of 95.89%, 97.86%, and 96.87%, respectively. © 2025 The Authors.

关键词： Optical character recognition

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Multi-View Test-Time Adaptation for Semantic Segmentation in Clinical Cataract Surgery

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IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 2025年第5期44卷 2307-2318页

作者： Li, Heng Ou, Mingyang Li, Haojin Qiu, Zhongxi Niu, Ke Fu, Huazhu Liu, Jiang Southern University of Science and Technology Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems Shenzhen518055 China Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shenzhen518055 China Beijing Information Science and Technology University Computer School Beijing100192 China Institute of High Performance Computing Agency for Science Technology and Research Fusionopolis Way 138632 Singapore Southern University of Science and Technology Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shenzhen518055 China

Cataract surgery, a widely performed operation worldwide, is incorporating semantic segmentation to advance computer-assisted intervention. However, the tissue appearance and illumination in cataract surgery often differ among clinical centers, intensifying the issue of domain shifts. While domain adaptation offers remedies to the shifts, the necessity for data centralization raises additional privacy concerns. To overcome these challenges, we propose a Multi-view Test-time Adaptation algorithm (MUTA) to segment cataract surgical scenes, which leverages multi-view learning to enhance model training within the source domain and model adaptation within the target domain. In the training phase, the segmentation model is equipped with multi-view decoders to boost its robustness against variations in cataract surgery. During the inference phase, test-time adaptation is implemented using multi-view knowledge distillation, enabling model updates in clinics without data centralization or privacy concerns. We conducted experiments in a simulated cross-center scenario using several cataract surgery datasets to evaluate the effectiveness of MUTA. Through comparisons and investigations, we have validated that MUTA effectively learns a robust source model and adapts the model to target data during the practical inference phase. © 1982-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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Remote Sensing Surveillance Using Multilevel Feature Fusion and Deep Neural Network

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 38282-38300页

作者： Zahoor, Laiba Alhasson, Haifa F. Alnusayri, Mohammed Alatiyyah, Mohammed Alhammadi, Dina Abdulaziz Jalal, Ahmad Liu, Hui Department of Computer Science Air University Islamabad44000 Pakistan Department of Information Technology College of Computer Qassim University Buraydah52571 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information Sciences Jouf University Sakaka72388 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computer Engineering and Sciences Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Al-Kharj16278 Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Engineering College of Informatics Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of Cognitive Systems Laboratory University of Bremen Bremen28359 Germany

Human action recognition from aerial imagery poses significant challenges due to the dynamic nature of the scenes and the complexity of human movements. In this paper, we present an enhanced system that combines YOLO for human detection with a complete multilevel feature fusion approach to improve recognition of human actions in drone-captured photos. Our system presents a reliable drone-based human action system through the integration of state-of-the-art methods for multilevel feature extraction and object detection. Initially, frames are extracted individually from drone footage sequences. Preprocessing techniques, which include Gaussian blur, grayscale conversion, and background removal, are used for every frame to improve image quality and feature reliability. For object detection, we effectively locate and recognize human subjects in these aerial frames using YOLO approach. Afterward, the framework extracts 14 body landmarks that represent the shape of the human body by keypoint extraction. Four significant features are employed to capture the complexity of human movement effectively: the incorporation of 3D point cloud data adds depth to the image and makes it feasible to construct a more detailed three-dimensional representation;measuring the angles between keypoints provides significant details on joint orientations which are essential for posture analysis;and geodesic distance measure the shortest paths along the surface of the body to provide useful insight into the spatial relationships between keypoints. The extracted features are optimized by using quadratic discriminant analysis. In the end, a deep neural network was trained to perform the action classification. Three benchmark datasets, the UAV Gesture, UAV Human, and UCF-ARG datasets, were used for our experiments and system testing. Our model achieved corresponding action recognition accuracy values of 90.15%, 72.37%, and 76.50% on each of these datasets. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Drones

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Can i Get There? Negotiated User-to-User Teleportations in Social VR

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IEEE Transactions on Visualization and computer Graphics 2025年第5期31卷 2320-2330页

作者： Wang, Miao Shu, Wen-Tong Li, Yi-Jun Li, Wanwan School of Computer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems Beihang University Beijing100191 China Zhongguancun Laboratory Beijing100094 China Tsinghua University Department of Computer Science and Technology Beijing100084 China Tandy School of Computer Science University of Tulsa Tulsa United States

The growing adoption of social virtual reality (VR) platforms underscores the importance of safeguarding personal VR space to maintain user privacy and security. Teleportation, a prevalent instantaneous locomotion method in VR, facilitates user engagement but can also inadvertently intrude upon personal VR space, thereby raising privacy concerns. This paper introduces three innovative negotiated teleportation techniques designed to secure user-to-user teleportation and protect personal space privacy, all under a unified small-group development framework. We have designed and evaluated three types of negotiated teleportation techniques: Sector technique for directional control, Distance technique for minimum social distance control, and Area technique for defining circular permissible teleportation areas. These techniques foster a collaborative approach to selecting teleportation points that respect personal space. To evaluate the efficacy of these techniques, we conducted a user study with 20 participants who performed social tasks within a virtual campus environment. The findings demonstrate that our techniques significantly enhance privacy protection and alleviate anxiety associated with unwanted proximity in social VR. © 1995-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Virtual environments

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Transfer Learning based Framework of VGG16 to Detect Breast Cancer using Histopathological Images 6

Transfer Learning based Framework of VGG16 to Detect Breast ...

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6th Doctoral Symposium on Intelligence Enabled Research, DoSIER 2024

作者： Divya, Zion G. Tripathy, B.K. School of Computer Science and Engineering VIT TN Vellore632014 India School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems VIT TN Vellore632014 India

Breast Cancer Detection introduces a prominent confrontation for researchers and clinical experts as it is one of the major public health issues and is weighed as a leading root for cancer correlated deaths among women worldwide. Early diagnosis helps the chances of survival rate which is a crucial part, but standard breast cancer classical techniques rely on operative techniques, open procedures and time-consuming analyses. So, the standard classical techniques pave a way in demanding accurate solutions that are provided with efficient algorithms. This paper addresses these challenges by utilizing automated cancer detection that presents an ensemble deep learning approach by implementing transfer learning for breast cancer detection using histopathological images for classifying Benign and Malignant tissues. Transfer learning uses VGG16 to train the model on large dataset, by reusing the knowledge that has obtained from previous task which is considered as an input to another task thereby improving the performance. In this paper VGG16 architecture is considered as a pretrained model to train on ImageNet. Ensemble strategy is applied as a next step by taking the average of predicted probabilities, out of which the VGG16 model offers overall best accuracy of 98.83%. © 2025 Copyright for this paper by its authors.

关键词： CNN Deep Learning Transfer Learning VGG16

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Automatic emotion recognition using deep neural network

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-30页

作者： Sujatha, R. Chatterjee, Jyotir Moy Pathy, Baibhav Hu, Yu-Chen School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore India Department of CSE Graphic Era University Dehradun India School of Electrical Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore India Department of Computer Science Tunghai University Taichung City Taiwan

Emotions are a vital semantic part of human correspondence. Emotions are significant for human correspondence as well as basic for human–computer cooperation. Viable correspondence between people is possibly achieved when both the importance and the emotion of the correspondence are perceived by all groups included. Understanding the significance of language has generally been concentrated on in natural language processing (NLP) as a semantic examination. In NLP, the text can be handled appropriately for classification. Emotion detection from facial emotion is the subfield of social signal processing applied in a wide assortment of regions, explicitly for human and PC collaboration. Many researchers have proposed various approaches, generally utilizing machine learning concepts. Automatic emotion recognition (AER) is significant for working with consistent intuitiveness between a person and a smart device toward fully acknowledging an intelligent society. Many researchers examined cross-lingual and multilingual speech emotion as a stage toward language-free emotion acknowledgment in natural speech. In the present work, we are proposing a deep learning-based AER system using four openly accessible datasets, namely Basic Arabic Vocal Emotions Dataset (BAVED), Acted Emotional Speech Dynamic Database (AESDD), Urdu written in Latin/Roman Script (URDU), and Toronto Emotional Speech Set (TESS), by utilizing the Jupyter notebook and a Python library for music and audio synthesis named Librosa. The experimental results exhibited that the proposed approach achieves better than the existing approaches, i.e., the accuracy of the proposed system with the URDU dataset is 96.24%, the TESS dataset is 99.10%, the AESDD dataset is 65.97%, and the BAVED dataset is 73.12%. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Semantics

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A Review on Lung Cancer Classification Using Deep Learning Techniques

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 76161-76184页

作者： Malarvannan, S. Angulakshmi, M. Vellore Institute of Technology School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems Tamil Nadu Vellore India

Cancer of the lung system is arguably the second largest factor in the worldwide fatality explosion. It originates from smoking too much and tobacco use. Cell growth that is uncontrolled in the lung region will hurt human survival. The exponential increase in medical reports might challenge the manual interpretation of disease prediction. Therefore, using computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) approaches, a tumor might be detected early from an appropriate appearance. This study thoroughly evaluates various lung cancer detection methods for classifying a nodule. The area of lung cancer prediction is becoming increasingly popular due to the many benefits of automated medical diagnosis using Deep Learning techniques. This study discusses potential deep learning (DL) strategies for lung disease applications, an overview of DL approaches, and novel elements of the methods under investigation. Classification and segmentation are the two main deep learning techniques for lung cancer detection and screening which are the focus of this review. We will also talk about the benefits and drawbacks of contemporary deep learning models. The resulting study demonstrates the significant potential of deep learning approaches for exact and efficient computerized lung cancer monitoring and detection employing CT scans. Following this study, an overview of prospective further studies is given, focused on enhancing deep learning to advance automated techniques for diagnosing lung cancer. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Image segmentation

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Foreign object debris detection in lane images using deep learning methodology

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PeerJ computer science 2025年 11卷 1-16页

作者： Priyadharsini, S. Bhuvaneshwara, Raja K. Kousi, Krishnan T Senthil, Kumar Jagatheesaperumal Bader, Fahad Alkhamees Mohammad, Mehedi Hassan Department of Computer Science and Engineering Mepco Schlenk Engineering College Tamilnadu Sivakasi India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Mepco Schlenk Engineering College Tamilnadu Sivakasi India Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information Sciences King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia

Background: Foreign object debris (FOD) is an unwanted substance that damages vehicular systems, most commonly the wheels of vehicles. In airport runways, these foreign objects can damage the wheels or internal systems of planes, potentially leading to flight crashes. Surveys indicate that FOD-related damage costs over $4 billion annually, affecting airlines, airport tenants, and passengers. Current FOD clearance involves high-cost radars and significant manpower, and existing radar and camera-based surveillance methods are expensive to install. Methods: This work proposes a video-based deep learning methodology to address the high cost of radar-based FOD detection. The proposed system consists of two modules for FOD detection: object classification and object localization. The classification module categorizes FOD into specific types of foreign objects. In the object localization module, these classified objects are pinpointed in video frames. Results: The proposed system was experimentally tested with a large video dataset and compared with existing methods. The results demonstrated improved accuracy and robustness, allowing the FOD clearance team to quickly detect and remove foreign objects, thereby enhancing the safety and efficiency of airport runway operations. © 2025 S et al.

关键词： Airport runways

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CNN-Based Multi-Output and Multi-Task Regression for Supershape Reconstruction from 3D Point Clouds

Informatica (Slovenia)

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Informatica (Slovenia) 2025年第5期49卷 37-48页

作者： Remmach, Hassnae Razak, Siti Fatimah Abdul Ullah, Arif Yogarayan, Sumendra Sayeed, Md Shohel Mrhari, Amine Computer Systems Engineering Laboratory Cadi Ayyad University Marrakesh40000 Morocco Faculty of Information Science and Technology Multimedia University Ayer Keroh75450 Malaysia Research in Computer Science Laboratory Faculty of Sciences Ibn Tofail University Kenitra Morocco

In a number of industries, including computer graphics, robotics, and medical imaging, three-dimensional reconstruction is essential. In this research, a CNN-based Multi-output and Multi-Task Regressor with deep learning capabilities is proposed for three-dimensional object reconstruction from 3D point cloud. Our approach is grounded in the original Point Net architecture, which addresses the difficulties associated with convolution when applied to point clouds. Firstly, this paper is modified using a Multi-Output Regressor to accurately recreate Super forms from 3D point clouds. Using this method, we first extract features from the 3D point cloud using Point Net. After that, a Multi-Output Regressor receives these data and uses them to anticipate the Super shape parameters needed to reconstruct the shape. Taking in the data, the Multi-Output Regressor retrieved characteristics from Point Net and simultaneously predicts several outcomes. Second, a Multi-Task Regressor is used to modify the Point Net. The network gains from the capacity to transfer knowledge from one task to another, improving the model's overall performance. The model would forecast the ten parameters needed to create the shape in the case of rebuilding Super shapes. The test findings were better than expected;they are intriguing in terms of prediction accuracy and cost, and they update the result by 80%, which is a good accomplishment for the study. © 2025 Slovene Society Informatika. All rights reserved.

关键词： 3D reconstruction

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