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Nanoscale Imaging, Sensing, and Actuation for Biomedical Applications XXI 2024

作者： Richard, Craig Hsieh, Pei-Hsuan Confer, Matthew Bhargava, Rohit Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign United States Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign United States Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering Mechanical Science and Engineering Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Chemistry United States Cancer Center at Illinois University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign Urbana United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510669758

The potential advantages of infrared spectroscopic imaging for examination of cells and tissue biopsies for cancer histopathology is high, however there are fundamental limitations of FTIR that must first be addressed. One limitation is that Infrared spectroscopy lacks the sensitivity to detect biomarkers of disease directly. With cancer being one of the leading causes of death and its increasing prevalence, it is important to develop tools that can rapidly screen and enable rapid and simultaneous fingerprinting of biologic content and metabolic state. To address these limitations, probed Infrared spectroscopy is being explored. We report the successful synthesis, characterization, and application of metal carbonyl loaded nanoparticle probes for the detection of breast cancer biomarkers. © COPYRIGHT SPIE. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

关键词： Biomarkers

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Quantum Fourier Transform Using Dynamic Circuits

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Physical Review Letters 2024年第15期133卷 150602页

作者： Elisa Bäumer Vinay Tripathi Alireza Seif Daniel Lidar Derek S. Wang IBM Quantum Department of Physics & Astronomy and Center for Quantum Information Science & Technology Departments of Electrical & Computer Engineering Chemistry Physics & Astronomy and Center for Quantum Information Science & Technology

In dynamic quantum circuits, classical information from midcircuit measurements is fed forward during circuit execution. This emerging capability of quantum computers confers numerous advantages that can enable more efficient and powerful protocols by drastically reducing the resource requirements for certain core algorithmic primitives. In particular, in the case of the n-qubit quantum Fourier transform followed immediately by measurement, the scaling of resource requirements is reduced from O(n2) two-qubit gates in an all-to-all connectivity in the standard unitary formulation to O(n) midcircuit measurements in its dynamic counterpart without any connectivity constraints. Here, we demonstrate the advantage of dynamic quantum circuits for the quantum Fourier transform on IBM’s superconducting quantum hardware with certified process fidelities of >50% on up to 16 qubits and >1% on up to 37 qubits, exceeding previous reports across all quantum computing platforms. These results are enabled by our contribution of an efficient method for certifying the process fidelity, as well as of a dynamical decoupling protocol for error suppression during midcircuit measurements and feed forward within a dynamic quantum circuit that we call “feed-forward-compensated dynamical decoupling.” Our results demonstrate the advantages of leveraging dynamic circuits in optimizing the compilation of quantum algorithms.

关键词： Measurement-based quantum computing Quantum algorithms Quantum benchmarking Quantum circuits

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Design Concept of a Wearable Device for Sleep Related Brain Wave Detection and Stimulation 4

Design Concept of a Wearable Device for Sleep Related Brain ...

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4th IEEE International Conference on Data science and computer Application, ICDSCA 2024

作者： Yin, Ariel R. Zhang, David Z. Mao, David D. Li, Sichuang Cheng, Haoliang Deng, Yangfan Guo, Yifan Mao, Helen X. Yin, Jijun Mao, Zhi-Hong Canyon Crest Academy San DiegoCA United States University High School IrvineCA United States North Allegheny Intermediate High School PittsburghPA United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA United States Department of Computer Science University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA United States Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West LafayetteIN United States Yale College Yale University New HavenCT United States Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Bioengineering University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368239

This paper presents a design concept of an innovative wearable device for brain wave detection and stimulation to aid sleep. Sleep’s importance for a healthy life emphasizes the value of studying the application of technology to improve sleep quality for individuals unable to receive a good night’s rest. Utilizing electroencephalography (EEG) for accurate sleep tracking, the device aims to be portable and efficient. It includes the EEG sensing and processing module, adaptive control and machine learning module, and electronic stimulation module, working together to guide the brain toward relaxation. Preliminary results demonstrate promising performances or necessities of the subsystems of the proposed design. ©2024 IEEE.

关键词： Sleep research

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Error budget of a parametric resonance entangling gate with a tunable coupler

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Physical Review Applied 2024年第1期22卷 014059-014059页

作者： Eyob A. Sete Vinay Tripathi Joseph A. Valery Daniel Lidar Josh Y. Mutus 775 Heinz Avenue Berkeley California 94710 USA Department of Physics & Astronomy and Center for Quantum Information Science & Technology Departments of Electrical & Computer Engineering Chemistry Physics & Astronomy and Center for Quantum Information Science & Technology

We analyze the experimental error budget of parametric resonance gates in a tunable coupler architecture. We identify and characterize various sources of errors, including incoherent, leakage, amplitude, and phase errors. By varying the two-qubit gate time, we explore the dynamics of these errors and their impact on the gate fidelity. To accurately capture the impact of incoherent errors on gate fidelity, we measure the coherence times of qubits under gate operating conditions. Our findings reveal that the incoherent errors, mainly arising from qubit relaxation and dephasing due to white noise, limit the fidelity of the two-qubit gates. Moreover, we demonstrate that leakage to noncomputational states is the second largest contributor to the two-qubit gates infidelity, as characterized using leakage-randomized benchmarking. The error budgeting methodology we develop here can be effectively applied to other types of gate implementations.

关键词： Quantum computation Quantum control Quantum engineering

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Versatile Optical and Ultrasound Imaging Platforms using Transparent Ultrasound Transducers

Versatile Optical and Ultrasound Imaging Platforms using Tra...

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Optical Tomography and Spectroscopy, OTS 2022

作者： Park, Jeongwoo Park, Byullee Kim, Hyung Ham Kim, Chulhong Departments of Electrical Engineering Convergence IT Engineering Mechanical Engineering School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering Medical Device Innovation Center Pohang University of Science and Technology 77 Cheongam-Ro Nam-Gu Pohang37673 Korea Republic of

We develop the optically transparent ultrasound transducer and demonstrate its applicability through integrating with photoacoustic microscopy, and optical coherence tomography. We successfully acquired dual-mode in v... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781557528209

关键词： Ultrasonic transducers

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Quantifying Strain Dependence of Multi-Frequency Shearwave Elasticity Imaging

Quantifying Strain Dependence of Multi-Frequency Shearwave E...

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2023 IEEE Western New York Image and Signal Processing Workshop, WNYISPW 2023

作者： Khan, Siladitya Goswami, Soumya Feng, Fan Doyley, Marvin M. McAleavey, Stephen A. University of Rochester Departments of Biomedical and Computer Engineering RochesterNY14627 United States University of Rochester Rochester Center for Biomedical Ultrasound RochesterNY14627 United States University of Rochester Goergen Institute for Data Science RochesterNY14627 United States University of Rochester Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering RochesterNY14627 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350329698

Nonlinear shear modulus (NLSM) can potentially differentiate benign and malignant pathologies. Previous studies demonstrated the discriminatory value of mapping quantitative estimates of material non-linearity, yet estimates remain biased due to unaccounted shear-wave dispersion within the tissue. We demonstrate a finite element simulation of an inversion technique that combines traditional quasi-static and dynamic elasticity imaging to generate a multi-frequency estimate of the third-order shear modulus A(x,z,ω) over a broad bandwidth (200-600 Hz). We show that our reconstruction results are superior to those obtained by traditional group speed by a factor of two in terms of contrast enhancement measures. Experimental ultrasound elastography on a custom oil-in-gelatin emulsion confirms the presence of dispersion in the NLSM parameter. Constitutive hyper-viscoelastic model responses of spectral NLSM are simulated based on matched linear shear modulus data of experimental phantoms. Hyper-elastic Ogden with a Voigt loss is shown to describe NLSM behavior at frequencies greater than 400 Hz. Reconstruction accuracy in the presence of simulated tracking and correlation noise demonstrates the robustness of our estimates. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Elastic moduli

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A Hardware Accelerator for Quantile Estimation of Network Packet Attributes

A Hardware Accelerator for Quantile Estimation of Network Pa...

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Euromicro Symposium on Digital System Design

作者： Carolina Gallardo-Pavesi Yaime Fernandez Javier E. Soto Cecilia Hernández Miguel Figueroa Department of Electrical Engineering Department of Computer Science Universidad de Concepcion Concepción Chile Center of Biotechnology and Bioengineering (CeBiB) Advanced Center for Electrical and Electronics Engineering (AC3E)

ISBN: (数字)9798350380385

ISBN: (纸本)9798350380392

Measuring statistical properties of network traffic can improve our understanding of traffic distribution and help us detect short and long-term anomalies. However, computing the exact value of these properties requires significant storage and computation, which limits their application in high-speed networks. Hardware accelerators provide the computational power to process a large sequence of network packets with high throughput and low latency, but their performance is ultimately limited by the amount of on-chip memory available on the device. Consequently, researchers have proposed sketch-based algorithms to estimate properties of a data stream with sub linear memory and theoretical estimation error bounds. In this paper, we present a streaming algorithm and hardware accelerator for quantile estimation, which is based on the architecture of the KLL sketch. Implemented on an AMD Virtex XCU55 UltraScale+ FPGA, the accelerator operates at a clock frequency of 356 MHz, thereby achieving a minimum line rate of 182 Gbps and a maximum estimation latency of 4.33 µs. When processing a set of 10 real traffic traces of up to 123 million packets, the accelerator estimates 1000 packet-size quantiles per trace with a median error of 0.39% or less, and a maximum error of 1.3% or less across all traces.

关键词： Performance evaluation Estimation error Memory management Telecommunication traffic Logic gates Throughput System-on-chip Low latency communication Hardware acceleration Field programmable gate arrays

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Study of ASIC Readout Used for Detectors in an MR Compatible, RF-Penetrable TOF-PET Insert

Study of ASIC Readout Used for Detectors in an MR Compatible...

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2022 IEEE Nuclear science Symposium, Medical Imaging Conference, and Room Temperature Semiconductor Detector Conference, IEEE NSS MIC RTSD 2022

作者： Dong, Qian Sajedi, Salar Sacco, Ilaria Fischer, Peter Levin, Craig S. Stanford University Departments of Electrical Engineering and Radiology StanfordCA United States Stanford University Departments of Radiology StanfordCA United States Heidelberg University Department of Computer Science Baden-Württemberg Germany Stanford University Department of Radiology Electrical Engineering Bioengineering and Physics United States StanfordCA94305 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781665488723

Developing positron emission tomography (PET) systems with high channel number has driven the need for application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) owing to their compactness, multi-channel readout capability, and excellent time and energy resolution performance. They can also be quite flexible by employing field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) in the readout circuit. In particular, the ASIC+FPGA approach provides a high performance and compact solution for TOF-PET applications. ASICs serve functions of extracting time and energy information from analog SiPM signals, and an FPGA is employed for other application-specific requirements like on-board chip configuration, communication with data acquisition (DAQ) systems, and system monitoring. Based on this foundation, we developed TOF-capable detector modules for our second generation RF-penetrable PET insert. During our previous experiments, we found that different trigger and readout methods lead to different noise pattern and intensity in MR environment, and also have different singles count loss ratio. This paper aims to study and compare different readout configurations for our MR-compatible detectors. We studied four trigger and readout methods: hit-standard, frequent-standard, hit-bypass, and frequent-bypass, and compared their singles count loss ratios with both theoretical models and experimental results. For all four methods, the theoretical results matched the experimental results well. The two methods which used bypass mode performed better than those using the standard mode approach. With the most optimized trigger and readout method (hit-bypass), we achieved 1.2% singles count loss ratio at a 20 kcps count rate per channel. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： ASIC FPGA PET insert readout TOF-PET

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Single-shot quantitative phase gradient microscopy using physics-based untrained neural network phase retrieval 11

Single-shot quantitative phase gradient microscopy using phy...

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Quantitative Phase Imaging XI 2025

作者： Hur, Sun Woong Sengupta, Sourya Kwon, Minsung Manoharaan, Revathi Anastasio, Mark Bhargava, Rohit Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignIL United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignIL United States Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignIL United States Department of Computer Science Carle-Illinois College of Medicine University of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignIL United States Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Mechanical Science and Engineering and Chemistry Cancer Center at Illinois University of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignIL United States CZ Biohub Chicago LLC IL United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510684065

Single-shot quantitative phase gradient microscopy (ss-QPGM) enables quantitative phase imaging (QPI) based on differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy. In ss-QPGM, the analyzer is replaced by a quarter-wave plate and a polarization camera, allowing for phase gradient extraction from a single intensity measurement. The quantitative phase image is reconstructed via numerical integration, but direct integration along a single axis introduces artifacts and phase errors due to missing frequency response along the axis of orthogonal to the shear axis and noise-induced streak lines. In this work, we propose a phase retrieval method for ss-QPGM using an untrained neural network (UNN), which integrates physical priors without requiring paired ground truth and input datasets, overcoming the limitations of traditional regularization methods such as Tikhonov regularization and the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) with total variation (TV) regularization. We demonstrate that the UNN approach not only offers superior phase reconstruction but also alleviates artifacts induced by missing frequency response along the axis and noise-induced streak lines, as shown by phase images of a calibrated target and biological samples. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Image reconstruction

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Deformable Image Registration Using Vision Transformers for Cardiac Motion Estimation from Cine Cardiac MRI Images 12th

Deformable Image Registration Using Vision Transformers for...

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Functional Imaging and Modeling of the Heart - 12th International Conference, FIMH 2023, Proceedings

作者： Upendra, Roshan Reddy Simon, Richard Shontz, Suzanne M. Linte, Cristian A. Center for Imaging Science Rochester Institute of Technology RochesterNY United States Biomedical Engineering Rochester Institute of Technology RochesterNY United States Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Kansas LawrenceKS United States Bioengineering Program University of Kansas LawrenceKS United States Institute for Information Sciences University of Kansas LawrenceKS United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783031353017

Accurate cardiac motion estimation is a crucial step in assessing the kinematic and contractile properties of the cardiac chambers, thereby directly quantifying the regional cardiac function, which plays an important role in understanding myocardial diseases and planning their treatment. Since the cine cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides dynamic, high-resolution 3D images of the heart that depict cardiac motion throughout the cardiac cycle, cardiac motion can be estimated by finding the optical flow representation between the consecutive 3D volumes from a 4D cine cardiac MRI dataset, thereby formulating it as an image registration problem. Therefore, we propose a hybrid convolutional neural network (CNN) and Vision Transformer (ViT) architecture for deformable image registration of 3D cine cardiac MRI images for consistent cardiac motion estimation. We compare the image registration results of our proposed method with those of the VoxelMorph CNN model and conventional B-spline free form deformation (FFD) non-rigid image registration algorithm. We conduct all our experiments on the open-source Automated Cardiac Diagnosis Challenge (ACDC) dataset. Our experiments show that the deformable image registration results obtained using the proposed method outperform the CNN model and the traditional FFD image registration method. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Image registration

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