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arXiv 2022年

作者： Woodburn, Madeleine Griggs, Wynita M. Mareček, Jakub Shorten, Robert N. The Dyson School of Design Engineering Imperial College London South Kingston United Kingdom The Department of Civil Engineering The Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Monash University ClaytonVIC3800 Australia The Czech Technical University in Prague Czech Republic

Over two thirds of women of all ages in the UK have experienced some form of sexual harassment in a public space. Recent tragic incidents involving female pedestrians have highlighted some of the personal safety issues that women still face in cities today. There exist many popular location-based safety applications as a result of this;however, these applications tend to take a reactive approach where action is taken only after an incident has occurred. This paper proposes a preventative approach to the problem by creating safer public environments through societal incentivisation. The proposed system, called "Herd Routes", improves the safety of female pedestrians by generating busier pedestrian routes as a result of route incentivisation. A novel application of distributed ledgers is proposed to provide security and trust, a record of system users' locations and IDs, and a platform for token exchange. A proof-of-concept was developed using the simulation package SUMO (Simulation of Urban Mobility), and a smartphone app. was built in Android Studio so that pedestrian Hardware-in-the-Loop testing could be carried out to validate the technical feasibility and desirability of the system. With positive results from the initial testing of the proof-of-concept, further development could significantly contribute towards creating safer pedestrian routes through cities, and tackle the societal change that is required to improve female pedestrian safety in the long term. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Pedestrian safety

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Cartpole Problem with PDL and GP Using Multi-objective Fitness Functions Differing in a Priori Knowledge 1

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14th International Conference on Multi-disciplinary Trends in Artificial Intelligence, MIWAI 2021

作者： Shannon, Peter David Nehaniv, Chrystopher L. Phon-Amnuaisuk, Somnuk Adaptive Systems Research Group Centre for Computer Science & Informatics Research University of Hertfordshire Hatfield United Kingdom Laksmana College of Business Bandar Seri Begawan Brunei Department of Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo WaterlooON Canada Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Waterloo WaterlooON Canada School of Computing and Informatics Universiti of Teknologi Brunei Bandar Seri Begawan Brunei

ISBN: (数字)9783030802530

ISBN: (纸本)9783030802523

We present a study looking at the effect of a priori domain knowledge on an EA fitness function. Our experiment has two aims: (1) applying an existing NSGA-II framework for GP with PDL to the cartpole problem—applying GP & PDL to cartpole and a purely behavioral problem for the first time—and (2) contrasting two multi-objective fitness functions: one with high and the other with low a priori domain knowledge. In our experiment we created two populations with an EA, varying in the number of objectives use for the fitness function, 2 objective criteria to represent low a priori knowledge and 3 to represent high. With fitness functions tailored to find specifically prescribed solutions we expect greater discriminating power and more feedback to an evolutionary process. This comes at the cost of excluding some unexpected solutions from the evolutionary process and placing a greater burden on the designer. We address the question: how large is the disadvantage for the low a priori fitness function in a worst-case scenario, where innovative solutions will not enhance performance. This question is interesting because we would prefer to guide EA with simple, easy to create and understand, objective criteria rather than complex and highly specific criteria. Understanding any associated penalty for using simple, easy to create fitness functions, is crucial in assessing how much effort and should be put into designing objective criteria. © 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Domain Knowledge

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3D Beamforming Based on Deep Learning for Secure Communication in 5G and beyond Wireless Networks

3D Beamforming Based on Deep Learning for Secure Communicati...

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2021 IEEE Globecom Workshops, GC Wkshps 2021

作者： Yang, Helin Lam, Kwok-Yan Nie, Jiangtian Zhao, Jun Garg, Sahil Xiao, Liang Xiong, Zehui Guizani, Mohsen Nanyang Technological University Strategic Centre for Research in Privacy-Preserving Technologies and Systems Singapore Nanyang Technological University School of Computer Science and Engineering Singapore Ecole de Technologie Superieure Universite du Quebec Electrical Engineering Department Montreal Canada Xiamen University School of Informatics Xiamen China Singapore University of Technology and Design Pillar of Information System Technology and Design Singapore Qatar University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Doha Qatar

ISBN: (纸本)9781665423908

Three-dimensional (3D) beamforming is a potential technique to enhance communication security of new generation networks such as 5G and beyond. However, it is difficult to achieve optimal beamforming due to the challenges of nonconvex optimization problem and imperfect channel state information (CSI). To tackle this problem, this paper proposes a novel deep learning-based 3D beamforming scheme, where a deep neural network (DNN) is trained to optimize the beamforming design for wireless signals in order to guard against eavesdropper under the imperfect CSI. With our approach, the system is capable of training the DNN model offline, and the trained model can then be adopted to instantaneously select the 3D secure beamforming matrix for achieving the maximum secrecy rate of the system, which is measured by the signal received by eavesdroppers outside the path of the beam. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed solution outperforms the classical deep learning algorithm and 2D beamforming solution in terms of the secrecy rate and robust performance. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Beamforming

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Creating embedded radiofrequency structures using polyjet material jetting 26

Creating embedded radiofrequency structures using polyjet ma...

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26th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium - An Additive Manufacturing Conference, SFF 2015

作者： Dumene, Richard L. Kennedy, Paul Williams, Christopher B. Sweeney, Dennis Earle, Greg Design Research and Education for Additive Manufacturing Systems Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering Virginia Tech United States Director of Instructional Laboratories Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Center for Space Science and Engineering Research Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering

Embedding of integrated systems via Additive Manufacturing (AM) offers the potential to save weight, space, and time in the production of electronics and vehicles. Of specific interest are embedded electrical systems that operate in the radiofrequency (RF) range as they have great potential utility in communication systems and aircraft avionics including navigation. However, systems in this frequency range pose unique manufacturing challenges such as the need to minimize impedance discontinuities in the system. In this work, the authors explore various techniques for embedding RF structures such as antennas and filters via a multi-material jetting AM process. Specifically, the dielectric constants and loss tangents of Vero White and Tango Black polymers were determined to facilitate the design of RF structures with these materials. It is shown that measurements of S-parameters of the resultant embedded RF structures approach or match the performance of non-embedded electronics. © SFF *** rights reserved.

关键词： Embeddings

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KinGloves: Rapid Prototyping of Usability Enhanced Sensing Gloves for Parkinson's Disease

KinGloves: Rapid Prototyping of Usability Enhanced Sensing G...

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Challenges, Opportunities, Innovations and Applications in Electronic Textiles (E-Textiles), International Conference on the

作者： Vignesh Ravichandran Shubham Chomal Rachel Arruda Md Abdullah Al Rumon Anne-Marie Dupre Kofoworola Fapohunda Puneet Tandon Jim Owens Gretchen Macht Carolyn Kosiba-Quiterio Dhaval Solanki Kunal Mankodiya Department of Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering University of Rhode Island Kingston USA Indian Institute of Information Technology Design and Manufacturing Department of Mechanical Industrial and Systems Engineering University of Rhode Island Kingston USA Department of Textiles Fashion Merchandising and Design University of Rhode Island Kingston USA Department of Physical Therapy University of Rhode Island Kingston USA Nautilus Defense Pawtucket USA Rock Steady Boxing East Greenwich USA

ISBN: (数字)9783000804298

ISBN: (纸本)9798331516871

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a progressive neurological movement disorder causing motor (movement) impairments, leading to difficulty in performing activities of daily living such as eating, writing, cutting vegetables, buttoning a shirt, tying shoelaces, brushing teeth, etc. Although sensing clothes has gained popularity in monitoring disease progression in home settings, they pose usability challenges arising from movement/cognitive symptoms that hamper their adoption and adherence. In this study, we employ a user-centered design process with an aim to improve the wearability of gloves through a multi-phase study involving 23 people with PD (PwPD). The goal was to design gloves with suitable wrist closure and finger insertion mechanisms to enable independent upper-body movement assessments. The first phase conducted with 4 PwPD helped identify preferred and undesired glove-wearing mechanics through 12 daily living tasks. Next, a rapid prototyping process for textiles, using a laser cutter, produced three design concepts for evaluation by 9 PwPD. The best-performing prototype design was chosen for capacitive sensing thread integration and design revision. The capacitive sensing threads play a crucial role in accurately measuring finger flexion and extension, providing high-resolution data on hand movements that are critical for assessing finger movements associated with Parkinson's Disease symptoms. After incorporating participant feedback, the improved design had an average reduction of 23% in time to wear and 250% in time to take off when tested with 18 PwPD. In particular, features such as a view window for fingers and use of zippers had been reported by participants to improve glove usability.

关键词： Wrist Technological innovation Parkinson's disease User centered design Writing Rapid prototyping Sensors Usability Yarn Textiles

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Optimizing Generative AI Networking: A Dual Perspective with Multi-Agent systems and Mixture of Experts

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhang, Ruichen Du, Hongyang Niyato, Dusit Kang, Jiawen Xiong, Zehui Zhang, Ping Kim, Dong In The College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore The School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology China The Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore The State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon16419 Korea Republic of

In the continued development of next-generation networking and artificial intelligence content generation (AIGC) services, the integration of multi-agent systems (MAS) and the mixture of experts (MoE) frameworks is becoming increasingly important. Motivated by this, this article studies the contrasting and converging of MAS and MoE in AIGC-enabled networking. First, we discuss the architectural designs, operational procedures, and inherent advantages of using MAS and MoE in generative AI to explore its functionality and applications fully. Next, we review the applications of MAS and MoE frameworks in content generation and resource allocation, emphasizing their impact on networking operations. Subsequently, we propose a novel multi-agent-enabled MoE-proximal policy optimization (MoE-PPO) framework for 3D object generation and data transfer scenarios. The framework uses MAS for dynamic task coordination of each network service provider agent and MoE for expert-driven execution of respective tasks, thereby improving overall system efficiency and adaptability. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed framework and significantly improve the performance indicators under different network conditions. Finally, we outline potential future research directions. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Multi agent systems

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computer-integrated drive control in systems with variable imbalance

Computer-integrated drive control in systems with variable i...

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Advanced Technology (KhPIWeek), IEEE KhPI Week on

作者： Volodymyr Pavlenko Petro Kurliak Yaroslav Batsala Valeria Dromenko Oleksii Volianyk Serhiy Horiashchenko Department of Information and Computer Technologies Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design Kyiv Ukraine Department of Electrical Power Engineering Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas Ivano-Frankivsk Ukraine Department of Mechanical Engineering Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design Kyiv Ukraine Department of Machines and Devices Electromechanical and Energy Systems Khmelnytskyi National University Khmelnytskyi Ukraine

The paper introduces a computer-integrated system designed for the automatic control in centrifuges with variable imbalance. The system comprises a microcontroller, a Hall sensor, a computer-oriented Bond Graph model of an asynchronous motor, and a control program. The control program utilizes a proposed algorithm to monitor the nominal and critical values of the centrifuge drive current while continuously recording and observing the current. If there is an increase in the current, the system automatically resets the revolutions by 10%, aiming to minimize vibration amplitude during transient rotational modes. Subsequently, the system oversees the permissible current limit and engine load to ensure stable operation.

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Joint Task Offloading and Resource Allocation in Aerial-Terrestrial UAV Networks with Edge and Fog Computing for Post-Disaster Rescue

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Sun, Geng He, Long Sun, Zemin Wu, Qingqing Liang, Shuang Li, Jiahui Niyato, Dusit Leung, Victor C.M. The College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University Changchun130012 China The Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education Jilin University Changchun130012 China The Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China The School of Information Science and Technology Northeast Normal University Changchun130024 China Pillar of Engineering Systems and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design 487372 Singapore The School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore The College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of British Columbia VancouverBCV6T 1Z4 Canada

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) play an increasingly important role in assisting fast-response post-disaster rescue due to their fast deployment, flexible mobility, and low cost. However, UAVs face the challenges of limited battery capacity and computing resources, which could shorten the expected flight endurance of UAVs and increase the rescue response delay during performing mission-critical tasks. To address this challenge, we first present a three-layer post-disaster rescue computing architecture by leveraging the aerial-terrestrial edge capabilities of mobile edge computing (MEC) and vehicle fog computing (VFC), which consists of a vehicle fog layer, a UAV client layer, and a UAV edge layer. Moreover, we formulate a joint task offloading and resource allocation optimization problem (JTRAOP) with the aim of maximizing the time-average system utility. Since the formulated JTRAOP is proved to be NP-hard, we propose an MEC-VFC-aided task offloading and resource allocation (MVTORA) approach, which consists of a game theoretic algorithm for task offloading decision, a convex optimization-based algorithm for MEC resource allocation, and an evolutionary computation-based hybrid algorithm for VFC resource allocation. Simulation results validate that the proposed approach can achieve superior system performance compared to the other benchmark schemes, especially under heavy system workloads. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fog computing

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UAV Swarm-enabled Collaborative Secure Relay Communications with Time-domain Colluding Eavesdropper

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Zhang, Chuang Sun, Geng Wu, Qingqing Li, Jiahui Liang, Shuang Niyato, Dusit Leung, Victor C.M. The College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University Changchun130012 China The Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering Ministry of Education Jilin University Changchun130012 China The Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Pillar of Engineering Systems and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design 487372 Singapore The School of Information Science and Technology Northeast Normal University Changchun130024 China The School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University 639798 Singapore The College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of British Columbia VancouverBCV6T 1Z4 Canada

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) as aerial relays are practically appealing for assisting Internet of Things (IoT) network. In this work, we aim to utilize the UAV swarm to assist the secure communication between the micro base station (MBS) equipped with the planar array antenna (PAA) and the IoT terminal devices by collaborative beamforming (CB), so as to counteract the effects of collusive eavesdropping attacks in time-domain. Specifically, we formulate a UAV swarm-enabled secure relay multi-objective optimization problem (US2RMOP) for simultaneously maximizing the achievable sum rate of associated IoT terminal devices, minimizing the achievable sum rate of the eavesdropper and minimizing the energy consumption of UAV swarm, by jointly optimizing the excitation current weights of both MBS and UAV swarm, the selection of the UAV receiver, the position of UAVs and user association order of IoT terminal devices. Furthermore, the formulated US2RMOP is proved to be a non-convex, NP-hard and large-scale optimization problem. Therefore, we propose an improved multi-objective grasshopper algorithm (IMOGOA) with some specific designs to address the problem. Simulation results exhibit the effectiveness of the proposed UAV swarm-enabled collaborative secure relay strategy and demonstrate the superiority of IMOGOA. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Multiobjective optimization

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Optimality principles of perturbed and unperturbed human squat motions using inverse optimal control

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Gait & Posture 2023年 106卷 S159-S160页

作者： Parsapour, Mahsa Kulic, Dana Mombaur, Katja University of Waterloo Electrical and Computer Engineering Waterloo Canada Monash University Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Melbourne Australia University of Waterloo Systems Design Engineering Waterloo Canada

IntroductionHumans have a remarkable ability to adapt their motions to the environment and learn how to react and predict unforeseen perturbations. It has been hypothesized that the “central nervous system” controls body motions by optimizing some criteria [1] and can generate reactive motion in the face of a disturbance, which may be task and context dependent. Existing results suggest that our movement might not be the result of minimization of a single cost, but rather a composite cost function better explains human motion [2–5]. Research questionHow can optimality principles during perturbed and unperturbed squatting be formulated? MethodsWe studied controller principles of squat motions collected from one participant. The task consists of three sets of 10 repetitions where 15 trials are extracted for the analysis (Figure A). To distinguish unperturbed and perturbed trajectories, we propose the following algorithm. The algorithm is first fed with the experimental state trajectory. The control signal is computed by inverse dynamics where the human is modeled with three DoF (ankle, knee, and hip joints) in the sagittal plane. The underlying controller components are recovered through a Recovery-Based inverse optimal control (IOC) [6]. Using the recovered components, the optimal control problem is solved to estimate the trajectories, and then compared with the experimental trajectory. Finally, the algorithm yields the classification. ResultsThe results (Figure B) suggest that the participant minimized joint torques on knee and hip for unperturbed motion while the effect of this term is negligible for the perturbed motion. The weight on the power on the hip is greater than the power on the knee for unperturbed trials, as more energy is needed for the hip. However, the weight on the power on ankle is increased when the motion is perturbed. The weights on the ankle and knee power might suggest that the participant used the ankle strategy to maintain balance and reject

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