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IEEE International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control

作者： Jhi-Young Joo Marija D. Ilić Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Department of Engineering and Public Policy Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA Delft University of Technnology Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9781424464500;9781424464531

In this work, we propose a multi-layered adaptive load management (ALM) system capable of integrating large-scale demand response in electric power systems efficiently and reliably. Electric power systems can be seen as a composition of multiple subsystems: power producers, load aggregators/utilities, end-users, etc. Focusing on the demand side of the system, we decompose the whole power system into three layers: the primary layer at the lowest level consisting of end-users of electric energy, the secondary layer or load aggregators that aggregate these endusers and provide service to them, and the tertiary level or the system/market operator at the highest level that incorporates and optimizes the objectives of the system as a whole. We pose the ALM problem as the problem of decomposing a complex network system using Lagrange decomposition techniques. Given the recent changes in electric energy systems, we propose that including more information from demand side helps improve the system-wide optimization. This is done by signaling a demand function, i.e. optimal energy use as a function of electricity price in place of a single point of a Lagrange multiplier, from the end-users at the primary layer to the higher layers. We provide a formulation of the system's decomposition problems of this multi-layered multi-directional decision making and information exchange. Our novel contribution will be showing that exchanging sensitivities of Lagrange coefficients instead of point-wise values of price data is essential for having a converging interactive information exchange within at the rate needed in physical power systems without storage. We identify open questions and plan for our future work.

关键词： Load management Power system reliability Lagrangian functions Power systems Adaptive systems Load flow control Power system economics Power generation economics Supply and demand Aggregates

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Assessing curriculum improvement through senior projects

Assessing curriculum improvement through senior projects

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2010 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition

作者： Pan, Jianbiao Liddicoat, Albert Harris, James Shepherd, Linda Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo CA United States Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo CA United States Department of Political Science and Public Policy California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo CA United States

Senior project and/or capstone design courses are intended to provide a culminating design experience for students and to demonstrate their understanding of engineering knowledge and their ability to apply that knowledge to practical problems. It is expected that the quality and attributes of students' senior design projects can be used as a good measure of determining how well the curriculum prepares students to engage in engineering design as well as a measure of faculty teaching and student learning. This paper reports the results of a study designed to assess whether the new computer engineering curriculum implemented at Cal Poly over the previous five years has had a positive impact in preparing students for engineering design through measuring the quality and complexity of senior design projects. A randomized complete block design was used in the study. Ten senior projects each were randomly selected from the population of three groups: computer engineering senior projects completed in the 2002-2003 academic year, computer engineering senior projects completed in the 2007-2008 academic year, and electrical engineering senor projects completed in the 2007-2008 academic year. A senior project evaluation rubric was developed to assess the quality and complexity of the senior projects. Members from the computer engineering Industrial Advisory Board used the rubric to score the randomly selected senior projects. The scores assigned by the advisory board members were compared to the letter grades assigned by faculty advisors for these senior projects. The results of the analysis show that the overall quality of computer engineering senior projects improved from academic year 2002-2003 to academic year 2007-2008. However, there is a statistically significant difference in the overall senior project grades assigned between faculty advisors as compared to senior project scores assigned by the advisory board members. The results also indicate that the rubric developed f

关键词： Students

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A Multi-Layered Adaptive Load Management (ALM) System: Information exchange between market participants for efficient and reliable energy use

A Multi-Layered Adaptive Load Management (ALM) System: Infor...

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IEEE PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition

作者： Jhi-Young Joo Marija D. Ilic Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Department of Engineering and Public Policy Carnegie Mellon University

ISBN: (纸本)9781424465460

In this paper, we propose a multi-layered adaptive load management (ALM) system capable of integrating large-scale demand response efficiently and reliably. At the tertiary layer, the system/market operator utilizes demand bid curves provided by the load aggregators on behalf of the end-users they serve. This information is processed by the system/market operator together with the bid curves provided by the generators. The information is further used to estimate electricity price and send it to load aggregators. Similarly, at the secondary layer, the load aggregators utilize the demand curves provided to them by the individual end-users. Based on the end-users' requests and the estimated electricity price given by the system/market operator, load aggregators create aggregate demand curves on behalf of all their users, and share them with both the system operator and their own customers. Finally, at the primary layer, individual end-users create their own demand functions while taking into consideration their own needs and preferences. They provide this information to their load aggregator. The proposed ALM system is best implemented online. In this paper, we provide a basic formulation of the multi-layered multi-directional decision making and information exchange in support of the ALM system. We illustrate this process using simple simulations. The proposed ALM can be used to implement demand response for different industry rules, such as fixed rate, time-of-use, and real-time pricing.

关键词： Demand Function Demand Response Real-Time Pricing Adaptive Load Control Adaptive Load Management

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Infrastructure ecology for sustainable and resilient urban infrastructure design

Infrastructure ecology for sustainable and resilient urban i...

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2010 AIChE Annual Meeting, 10AIChE

作者： Jeong, Hyunju Pandit, Arka Crittenden, John C. Xu, Ming Perrings, Charles Wang, Dali Williams, Eric Karady, George Li, Ke Brown, Marilyn Begovic, Miroslav Ariaratnam, Samuel French, Steve Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA United States Brook Byers Institute for Sustainable Systems Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA United States School of Natural Resources and Environment University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States School of Life Sciences Arizona State University Tempe AZ United States Environmental Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN United States School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment Arizona State University Tempe AZ United States School of Sustainability Arizona State University Tempe AZ United States Department of Electrical Engineering Arizona State University Tempe AZ United States Faculty of Engineering University of Georgia Athens GA United States School of Public Policy Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA United States School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA United States School of City and Regional Planning Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA United States Center for Geographic Information Systems Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA United States

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Point/Counterpoint: Network neutrality nuances

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Communications of the ACM 2009年第2期52卷 31-37页

作者： Van Schewick, Barbara Farber, David Stanford Law School Center for Internet and Society United States Department of Law Stanford Law School United States Department of Electrical Engineering Stanford's Department of Electrical Engineering Stanford CA United States Department of Engineering and Public Policy School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA United States

A comparative study in favor and against of network neutrality has been done by Barbara Van Schewick and David Farber. Barbara feels that network neutrality and its rules as Internet access means access to everything the Internet has to offer, not to access to a selection of Internet applications and content approved by the ISP. ISP have access to sophisticated technology that enables them to block applications or content one does not like, or degrade their performance by slowing the delivery of corresponding data packets. Changes in technology have given network providers an unprecedented ability to control applications and content on their network and rules will help us protect it. However, David Farber believes that the growth and expansion of Internet into all corners of society have made a major part of global life. Network providers must work together with Internet's workings to voluntarily develop better information about Internet's overall health. The capacity constraints and hurdles, and the impact of variety of applications on network capacity, and congestion problems should also be considered.

关键词： Traffic congestion

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Model predictive control of fuel cell micro cogeneration systems

Model predictive control of fuel cell micro cogeneration sys...

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2009 IEEE International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control, ICNSC 2009

作者： Houwing, Michiel Negenborn, Rudy R. Ilic, Marija D. Schutter, Bart De Faculty of Technology Policy and Management of Delft University of Technology Jaffalaan 5 2628 BX Delft Netherlands Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Engineering and Public Policy Carnegie MellonUniversity Pittsburgh PA United States Delft Center for Systems and Control of Delft University of Technology Mekelweg 2 2628 CD Delft Netherlands Marine and Transport Technology Department of Delft University of Technology Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9781424434923

With the increasing application of distributed energy resources and information technologies in the electricity infrastructure, innovative possibilities for incorporating the demand side more actively in power system operation are enabled. At the residential level energy costs could be reduced with intelligent price-based control concepts (demand response). A promising, controllable, residential distributed generation technology is micro cogeneration (micro-CHP). Micro-CHP is an energy efficient technology that simultaneously provides heat and electricity to households during operation. This paper presents a detailed model of a household using a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) micro- CHP system in conjunction with heat storage options to fulfil its heat and part of its electricity demand. Furthermore, a decentralised controller based on a model predictive control (MPC) strategy is proposed. MPC can take benefit of future knowledge on prizes and energy demands and can therefore lead to better system performance. In simulations the performance of the MPC-controlled PEMFC system is illustrated under different conditions regarding energy pricing, domestic energy demand, and system configuration. © 2009 IEEE.

关键词： Model predictive control

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Short term wind speed prediction by finite and infinite impulse response filters: A state space model representation using discrete markov process

Short term wind speed prediction by finite and infinite impu...

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Power Tech Conference

作者： Noha Abdel-Karim Mitchell Small Marija Ilic Engineering and Public Policy Department Carnegie Mellon University USA Carnegie Mellon University USA Electrical & Computer Engineering and Engineering & Public Policy Carnegie Mellon University USA

The importance of integrating wind power generation into electric power grids has rapidly progressed over the past decade. But the intermittency of wind power presents a special challenge for utility system operations as well as the market structure mechanisms. The problem arises from the uncertainty and variability in wind resources that causes fluctuations in the output of wind power generators. This paper presents a short-term wind speed prediction using linrealized time series model. Wind data are first collected from a weather station in ten minute resolution for a period of one year followed by a fitted two Weibull distribution parameters model being estimated from regression analysis on the logarithms of wind speed data. Transformation from Weibull into normal distribution is then held and linear predictive coefficients calculated using finite impulse response filter (FIR) and infinite impulse response filter (IRR) are evaluated for the normalized wind speed random process. Results of 10 minute ahead, one hour ahead, 12 hours ahead and 24 hours ahead wind speed predictions are presented and model accuracy in each of these time-ahead prediction scale are discussed. Also a remarkable observation of the independencies between future and historical wind speed data allows a state space representation model using discrete Markov process to best represent the stochastic behavior of wind speed signal. In doing so, optimum quantization parameters are first done for both Weibull and normal wind speed distributions and a transition probability matrices are evaluated in each case showing smooth state transition levels in wind data.

关键词： Wind speed IIR filters State-space methods Predictive models Markov processes Power system modeling Wind power generation Wind energy Finite impulse response filter Power systems

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Balancing wind power with virtual power plants of micro-CHPs

Balancing wind power with virtual power plants of micro-CHPs

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Power Tech Conference

作者： Michiel Houwing Georgios Papaefthymiou Petra W. Heijnen Marija D. Ilic Faculty of Technology Policy and Management Delft University of Technnology Delft Netherlands Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science Delft University of Technnology Delft Netherlands Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Engineering and Public Policy Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA Control of Future Electricity Network Operations Faculty of Technology Policy and Management Delft University of Technnology Delft Netherlands

Higher participation levels of wind power in power systems will increase the need for flexible back-up generation to balance the differences between predicted and realized wind power production. This is often an expensive solution. With distributed energy resources and more ICT at the demand side, novel, and possibly cheaper, ways for imbalance minimization arise. Micro combined heat-and-power (micro-CHP) is a novel domestic-level generation technology, producing heat and power simultaneously. Clusters of micro-CHPs can function as flexible virtual power plants (VPPs). This paper presents the design of an online coordination scheme that can substantially reduce the imbalance volumes and the associated costs for wind power traders by actively controlling a VPP comprising micro-CHP systems. It is shown that the imbalance volume and associated cost can be reduced by 73 % and 38 %, respectively.

关键词： Wind energy Power generation Costs Wind energy generation Cogeneration Power systems Energy resources Distributed power generation Technology management Electronic mail

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Model predictive economic/environmental dispatch of power systems with intermittent resources

Model predictive economic/environmental dispatch of power sy...

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IEEE General Meeting Power& Energy Society

作者： Le Xie Marija D. Ilic Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA Electrical and Computer Engineering and Engineering and Public Policy Department Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA Control of Future Electricity Network Operation Delft University of Technnology Delft Netherlands

This paper presents potential benefits of applying model predictive control (MPC) to solving the multi-objective economic/environmental dispatch problem in electric power systems with many intermittent resources. Based on the predictive model of the available output in the next short time period (e.g. 5 minutes) from the intermittent resources, this paper introduces a look-ahead optimal control algorithm for dispatching the available generation resources with the objective of minimizing objective function comprising both generation and environmental costs. This method is compared with (1) the static economic dispatch which treats intermittent resources as uncertain negative loads, and (2) the MPC dispatch with single objective function of minimizing the total generation cost. We show that the proposed MPC approach could lower the generation costs by directly dispatching the generator output from the renewable resources in order to compensate temporal load variations over pre-defined time horizon. Furthermore, the multi-objective economic/environmental cost function provides a formulation to study the tradeoff of efficiency and environmental impact in future energy systems. Simulation is implemented in a 12-bus power system comprising five generators to illustrate potential benefits from this look-ahead dispatch of both intermittent and more conventional power plants. The proposed method is directly applicable to managing power systems with large presence of wind and photovoltaic resources.

关键词： Power system modeling Predictive models Power system economics Power generation economics Economic forecasting Environmental economics Cost function Power system simulation Photovoltaic systems Dispatching

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Designing user studies for security applications: A case study with wireless network configuration

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International Journal of Security and Networks 2009年第1-2期4卷 101-109页

作者： Kuo, Cynthia Perrig, Adrian Walker, Jesse Nokia Research Center Palo Alto CA United States Carnegie Mellon University Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Engineering and Public Policy Department Pittsburgh PA United States Intel Corporation Corporate Technology Group Hillsboro OR United States

Spontaneous interactions between end users and devices are generally secured by human actions. Evaluating whether end users are able to perform these actions correctly can be challenging. Basic, textbook-style user study methods make assumptions that may not hold for security applications. In this piece, we outline five major user study assumptions. Using 802.11 network configuration as a case study, we also show how to adapt existing user study methods for evaluating security applications. We model how security experts might approach the configuration of their own home networks. Next, we combine several methods to design a study that pinpoints where end users encounter difficulties during configuration. Finally, we discuss the findings from our user study. Copyright © 2009, Inderscience Publishers.

关键词： IEEE Standards

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