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2011 International Joint Conference on Neural Network, IJCNN 2011

作者： Mokhayeri, F. Akbarzadeh, M.-R. Islamic Azad University Mashhad Branch Mashhad Iran Center for Applied Research on Soft Computing and Intelligent Systems Departments of Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9781457710865

This paper presents a facial expression recognition approach to recognize the affective states. Feature extraction is a vital step in the recognition of facial expressions. In this work, a novel facial feature extraction method based on Intersecting Cortical Model (ICM) is proposed. The ICM network which is a simplified model of Pulse-Coupled Neural Network (PCNN) model has great potential to perform pixel grouping. In the proposed method the normalized face image is segmented into two regions including mouth, eyes using fuzzy c-means clustering (FCM). Segmented face images are imported into an ICM network with 300 iteration number and pulse image produced by the ICM network is chosen as the face code, then the support vector machine (SVM) is trained for discrimination of different expressions to distinguish the different affective states. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm, the face image dataset is constructed and the proposed algorithm is used to classify seven basic expressions including happiness, sadness, fear, anger, surprise and hate The experimental results confirm that ICM network has great potential for facial feature extraction and the proposed method for human affective recognition is promising. Fast feature extraction is the most advantage of this method which can be useful for real world application. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Feature extraction

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Lorentz force transduction for RF micromechanical filters

Lorentz force transduction for RF micromechanical filters

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International Conference on Solid State Sensors and Actuators (TRANSDUCERS)

作者： S. Forouzanfar R. R. Mansour E. M. Abdel-Rahman Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo ONT Canada Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Waterloo Canada Systems Design Engineering Departments University of Waterloo Canada

This paper reports experimental results on use of Lorentz-force transduction for RF micromechanical filters. Use of Lorentz-force transduction involves significant lower motional resistance compared to electrostatic methods. Clamped-clamped microbeams (ccμm) fabricated in CMOS35, PolyMUMPs, and UW-MEMS are driven electrodynamically and characterized for their transduction performance. Derived by Laser vibrometer mode-shapes and resonance characteristics of these microstructures as well as electrical measurements provide data for motional resistance computations. These results show the significantly lower motional resistance of the electrodynamically driven microresonators due to the larger electromechanical coupling. Furthermore, Lorentz-force driving of ccμm resonators to higher modes up to 9 th . mode is demonstrated.

关键词： Resistance Resonator filters Radio frequency Lorentz covariance Measurement by laser beam Resonant frequency Couplings

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Spiking neural networks' model with spike frequency adaptation for e-nose

Spiking neural networks' model with spike frequency adaptati...

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2011 IEEE National Aerospace and Electronics Conference, NAECON 2011

作者： Badiei, Shirin Abdel-Aty-Zohdy, Hoda Microelectronics and Bio-Inspired Systems Design Lab. Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Oakland University Rochester Hills MI 48309 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781457710407

We create a spiking neural network of Integrate and Fire neurons with spike frequency adaption based on parameters adjusted for our e-nose device, and investigate the use of this model for odor classification. Addition of spike frequency adaptation term brings the model closer to the response of the olfactory system. Data from Cyranose 320, a polymer based 32-sensor array, is used to test the system and create unique dynamic spiking patterns. The results for four analytes are presented. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Neural network models

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Performance analysis of space-time block codes over generalized-K fading MIMO channels

Performance analysis of space-time block codes over generali...

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2011 IEEE Swedish Communication Technologies Workshop, Swe-CTW 2011

作者： Matthaiou, Michail Chatzidiamantis, Nestor D. Suraweera, Himal A. Karagiannidis, George K. Department of Signals and Systems Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg Sweden Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece Engineering Product Development Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9781457718786

This paper elaborates on the performance of orthogonal space-time block codes (STBCs) for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems operating in generalized-K fading conditions. The considered fading model is generic since it intimately encompasses both small-scale fading (modeled via the Nakagami-m distribution) and large-scale fading (modeled via the gamma distribution). In the following, new exact analytical expressions are derived for the Shannon capacity along with asymptotic expressions in the high and low Signal-to-Noise ratio (SNR) regimes. We also present exact tractable expressions followed by first-order expansions for the marginal outage probability and symbol error rate (SER);further, we quantify the performance of STBCs in terms of diversity order and coding gain. The derived analytical expressions are validated via a set of Monte-Carlo simulations which also demonstrate the implications of the model parameters on the overall performance. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Monte Carlo methods

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Collaborative scheduling in highly dynamic environments using error inference

Collaborative scheduling in highly dynamic environments usin...

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2011 7th International Conference on Mobile Ad-hoc and Sensor Networks, MSN 2011

作者： Zhang, Qingquan Gu, Yu Gu, Lin Cao, Qing He, Tian Lemko Corporation IL United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Minnesota Twin Cities United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Information Systems Technology and Design Pillar Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Tennessee Knoxville United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780769546100

Energy constraint is a critical hurdle hindering the practical deployment of long-term wireless sensor network applications. Turning off (i.e., duty cycling) sensors could reduce energy consumption, however at the cost of low sensing fidelity due to sensing gaps introduced. Existing techniques have studied how to collaboratively reduce the sensing gap in space and time, however none of them provides a rigorous approach to confine sensing error within desirable bounds. In this work, we propose a collaborative scheme called CIES, based on the novel concept of error inference between collaborative sensor pairs. Within a node, we use a sensing probability bound to control tolerable sensing error. Within a neighborhood, nodes can trigger additional sensing activities of other nodes when inferred sensing error has aggregately exceed the tolerance. We conducted simulations to investigate system performance using historical soil temperature data in Wisconsin-Minnesota area. The simulation results demonstrate that the system error is confined within the specified error tolerance bounds and that a maximum of 60 percent of the energy savings can be achieved, when the CIES is compared to several fixed probability sensing schemes such as eSense. We further validated the simulation and algorithms by constructing a lab test-bench to emulate actual environment monitoring applications. The results show that our approach is effective and efficient in tracking the dramatic temperature shift in highly dynamic environments. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Energy conservation

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QoS-aware routing based on capacity estimation for mobile ad hoc networks

QoS-aware routing based on capacity estimation for mobile ad...

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Conference on Wireless Advanced (WiAD)

作者： Haseeb Zafar Sahibzada Mahmud David Harle Ivan Andonovic Departments of Computer Systems & Electrical Engineering University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar Pakistan Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering University of Strathclyde Glasgow UK

Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are rapidly evolving and the notion of ad hoc networking has become one of the most challenging research areas of wireless communications. The rising popularity of real-time applications among end users in MANETs has stimulated a surge of research in routing and providing quality of service (QoS) support in such networks. Capacity estimation is a key component of any admission control scheme required to support QoS provision in MANETs. A number of schemes have been previously proposed to estimate residual capacity that is derived from window-based measurements of channel estimation. In this paper, a new capacity-constrained QoS-aware routing scheme is proposed. The novel part of this scheme is a simple additional mechanism to estimate residual capacity in IEEE 802.11-based ad hoc networks. The scheme proposes the use of a `forgiveness factor' to weight these previous measurements and, it is shown through simulation-based evaluation to provide improved utilizations estimation and better available capacity based admission control.

关键词： Estimation Ad hoc networks Routing Admission control Channel estimation Mobile computing

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Multi-channel integrated circuits for the detection and measurement of ionizing radiation

Multi-channel integrated circuits for the detection and meas...

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作者： Engel, G.L. Duggireddi, N. Vangapally, V. Elson, J.M. Sobotka, L.G. Charity, R.J. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering VLSI Design Research Laboratory Southern Illinois University Edwardsville IL 62026 United States Departments of Chemistry and Physics Washington University Saint Louis MO 63130 United States

The Integrated Circuits (IC) design Research Laboratory at Southern Illinois University Edwardsville (SIUE) has collaborated with the Nuclear Reactions Group at Washington University (WU) to develop a family of multi-channel integrated circuits. To date, the collaboration has successfully produced two micro-chips. The first was an analog shaped and peak sensing chip with on-board constant-fraction discriminators and sparsified readout. This chip is known as Heavy-Ion Nuclear Physics16 Channel (HINP16C). The second chip, christened PSD8C, was designed to logically complement (in terms of detector types) the HINP16C chip. Pulse Shape Discrimination8 Channel (PSD8C), featuring three settable charge integration windows per channel, performs pulse shape discrimination (PSD). This paper summarizes the design, capabilities, and features of the HINP16C and PSD8C ICs. It proceeds to discuss the modifications, made to the ICs and their associated systems, which have attempted to improve ease of use, increase performance, and extend capabilities. The paper concludes with a brief discussion of what may be the next chip (employing a multi-sampling scheme) to be added to our CMOS ASIC tool box for radiation detection instrumentation. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Heavy ions

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Solving Traveling Salesman problem by a hybrid combination of PSO and Extremal Optimization

Solving Traveling Salesman problem by a hybrid combination o...

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2011 International Joint Conference on Neural Network, IJCNN 2011

作者： Khakmardan, S. Poostchi, H. Akbarzadeh, M.-R. Department of Artificial Intelligence Mashhad Branch Islamic Azad University Mashhad Iran Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad Iran Center for Applied Research on Soft Computing and Intelligent Systems Departments of Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9781457710865

Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) has received great attention in recent years as a successful global search algorithm, due to its simple implementation and inexpensive computation overhead. However, PSO still suffers from the problem of early convergence to locally optimal solutions. Extremal Optimization (EO) is a local search algorithm that has been able to solve NP hard optimization problems. The combination of PSO with EO benefits from the exploration ability of PSO and the exploitation ability of EO, and reduces the probability of early trapping in the local optima. In other words, due to the EO's strong local search capability, the PSO focuses on its global search by a new mutation operator that prevents loss of variety among the particles. This is done when the particle's parameters exceed the problem conditions. The resulting hybrid algorithm Mutated PSO-EO (MPSO-EO) is then applied to the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) as a NP hard multimodal optimization problem. The performance of the proposed approach is compared with several other metaheuristic methods on 3 well known TSP databases and 10 unimodal and multimodal benchmark functions. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Traveling salesman problem

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Exogrip: Assisted hand strength glove

Biomedical Sciences Instrumentation

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Biomedical Sciences Instrumentation 2011年 47卷 124-128页

作者： Best, Jade E. Bostick, Nehemiah F. Connelly, John R. Dunn, Michael G. Gelles, Richard A. Norvell, Elizabeth K. Waugaman, William B. Mims, Capt Willie H. Departments of: Electrical and Computer Engineering Mechanical Engineering Systems Engineering Management U. S. Air Force Academy CO 80840 United States

A large number of American troops fighting in Afghanistan and Iraq have received wounds in their upper extremities leading to significant nerve damage and loss of strength. These injuries impair their ability to perform day-to-day tasks such as lifting a cup of coffee or opening a door. Although the cause of some injuries in service-people is often unique to their employment, civilian employees in other industries are also plagued with similar physical damage due to other kinds of injuries. Our goal is to develop a device to augment the strength of injured troops and civilian workers so they can perform everyday tasks despite their physical limitations. The ExoGrip is a glove designed to provide this necessary strength augmentation. The ExoGrip consists primarily of pressure sensors, linear actuators, and a microcontroller to provide a force multiplier based on a person's strength. The goal of the first phase of the project was to conduct research and also produce a working prototype of one finger. This goal was achieved by a group of classmates who started the project a year before. Their research and feasibility analysis ended in the mechanical movement of a single finger when the sensors were activated. The next phase of this project is to design and integrate a working prototype that manipulates all four fingers, while keeping the thumb in a fixed position. This paper describes the integration of new microcontrollers, linear actuators utilizing pulse width modulation technology, and improved pressure sensors needed to manipulate the fingers, as well as laying the foundation for future testing and development of a final product. © 2011 ISA.

关键词： Pressure sensors

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Inter-cell transmit power adaptation algorithm for coexistence of white space applications

Inter-cell transmit power adaptation algorithm for coexisten...

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2011 IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference, CCNC'2011

作者： Yoon, Seungil Park, Jongmin Lim, Kyutae Kim, Jongman Georgia Electronic Design Center School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 United States Qualcomm Inc. San Diego CA 92121 United States KORUS Research Center for Informersive Systems School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781424487905

White space, the unused local TV channels, are ready to be used for unlicensed wireless devices. Due to its propagation characteristics, availability of white space channels can be limited in a densely populated area. This paper presents an inter-cell transmit power adaptation (ITPA) algorithm that enhances the decision procedure of a negotiation-based transmit power control (TPC) in the selection of a shareable channel and the decision of the new transmit power level of neighboring white space applications (WSAs) on the shareable channel. For the evaluation of the algorithm, we conduct theoretical analysis and simulation and prove that the ITPA algorithm can assist the newly-joining WSAs to find shareable channels with neighboring WSAs for the negotiation-based TPC. We expect that the enhancement in channel assignment contributes to an increase in the accommodation of newly-joining WSAs although all channels are occupied. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Space applications

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