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作者： Cui, Zhi Liou, Juin J. Yue, Yun Wong, Hei Electrical and Computer Engineering Dept. University of Central Florida Orlando FL 32816 RF/MS Design Group Conexant Systems Palm Bay FL 32905 Electronics Engineering Dept. City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong

Experimental results are presented to indicate that the widely used power-law models for lifetime estimation are questionable for deep submicron (< 0.25 μm) MOS devices, particularly for the case of large substrate current stressing. This observation is attributed to the presence of current components, such as the gate tunneling current and base current of parasitic bipolar transistor, that do not induce device degradation. A more effective extrapolation method is proposed as an alternative for the reliability characterization of deep-submicron MOS devices. © World Scientific Publishing Company.

关键词： MOS devices

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Layering as Optimization Decomposition: Questions and Answers

Layering as Optimization Decomposition: Questions and Answer...

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MILCOM, Military Communications Conference

作者： Mung Chiang Steven H. Low A. Robert Calderbank John C. Doyle Electrical Engineering Department Princeton University USA Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Departments Caltech USA Electrical Engineering and Mathematics Departments Princeton University USA Control and Dynamic Systems Department Caltech USA

Network protocols in layered architectures have historically been obtained on an ad-hoc basis, and much of the recent cross-layer designs are conducted through piecemeal approaches. Network protocols may instead be holistically analyzed and systematically designed as distributed solutions to some global optimization problems in the form of generalized Network Utility Maximization (NUM), providing insight on what they optimize and on the structures of network protocol stacks. In the form of 10 Questions and Answers, this paper presents a short survey of the recent efforts towards a systematic understanding of "layering" as "optimization decomposition". The overall communication network is modeled by a generalized NUM problem, each layer corresponds to a decomposed subproblem, and the interfaces among layers are quantified as functions of the optimization variables coordinating the subproblems. Furthermore, there are many alternative decompositions, each leading to a different layering architecture. Industry adoption of this unifying framework has also started. Here we summarize the current status of horizontal decomposition into distributed computation and vertical decomposition into functional modules such as congestion control, routing, scheduling, random access, power control, and coding. We also discuss under-explored future research directions in this area. More importantly than proposing any particular crosslayer design, this framework is working towards a mathematical foundation of network architectures and the design process of modularization.

关键词： Protocols design optimization computer architecture Cross layer design Utility programs Communication networks Distributed computing Routing Job shop scheduling Processor scheduling

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Compatible phase co-scheduling on a CMP of multi-threaded processors 06

Compatible phase co-scheduling on a CMP of multi-threaded pr...

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International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing (IPDPS)

作者： A. El-Moursy R. Garg D.H. Albonesi S. Dwarkadas Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering and of Computer Science University of Rochester USA Computer Systems Laboratory Cornell University USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424400546

The industry is rapidly moving towards the adoption of chip multi-processors (CMPs) of simultaneous multi-threaded (SMT) cores for general purpose systems. The most prominent use of such processors, at least in the near term, is as job servers running multiple independent threads on the different contexts of the various SMT cores. In such an environment, the co-scheduling of phases from different threads plays a significant role in the overall throughput. Less throughput is achieved when phases from different threads that conflict for particular hardware resources are scheduled together, compared with the situation where compatible phases are co-scheduled on the same SMT core. Achieving the latter requires precise per-phase hardware statistics that the scheduler can use to rapidly identify possible incompatibilities among phases of different threads, thereby avoiding the potentially high performance cost of inter-thread contention. In this paper, we devise phase co-scheduling policies for a dual-core CMP of dual-threaded SMT processors. We explore a number of approaches and find that the use of ready and in-flight instruction metrics permits effective co-scheduling of compatible phases among the four contexts. This approach significantly outperforms the worst static grouping of threads, and very closely matches the best static grouping, even outperforming it by as much as 7%

关键词： Yarn Surface-mount technology Processor scheduling Throughput Microprocessors Hardware Job shop scheduling Decoding computer science Laboratories

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Spectral content characterization for efficient image detection algorithm design

Spectral content characterization for efficient image detect...

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6th IEEE International Conference on computer and Information Technology, CIT 2006

作者： Park, Kyoung-Su Hong, Sangjin Park, Peom Mobile Systems Design Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Stony Brook University - SUNY Stony Brook NY 11794-2350 United States Department of Industrial and Information Engineering Ajou University Humintec Co. Ltd. Suwon Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)076952687X

This paper presents spectral characterization for efficient image detection using hyperspectral processing technique. We investigate relationship between the number of bands used in the detection so that the minimum number of bands are used in the processing. This approach reduces computation and implementation complexity of the algorithms. Specifically, we considered contribution coefficient by each band and based on this coefficient, we heuristically select the bands for processing. We have shown that for effective detection, only small number of bands are needed. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Image analysis

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Layering As Optimization Decomposition: Framework and Examples

Layering As Optimization Decomposition: Framework and Exampl...

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IEEE (first ITW conference of the year) Information Theory Workshop (ITW)

作者： Mung Chiang S.H. Low A.R. Calderbank J.C. Doyle Electrical Engineering Department Princeton University USA Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Departments Caltech USA Electrical Engineering and Mathematics Princeton University USA Control and Dynamic Systems Department Caltech USA

Network protocols in layered architectures have historically been obtained primarily on an ad-hoc basis. Recent research has shown that network protocols may instead be holistically analyzed and systematically designed as distributed solutions to some global optimization problems in the form of Network Utility Maximization (NUM), providing insight into what they optimize and structures of the network protocol stack. This paper presents a short survey of the recent efforts towards a systematic understanding of 'layering' as 'optimization decomposition', where the overall communication network is modeled by a generalized NUM problem, each layer corresponds to a decomposed subproblem, and the interfaces among layers are quantified as functions of the optimization variables coordinating the sub-problems. Different decompositions lead to alternative layering architectures. We summarize several examples of horizontal decomposition into distributed computation and vertical decomposition into functional modules such as congestion control, routing, scheduling, random access, power control, and coding.

关键词： Wireless application protocol design optimization Reverse engineering TCPIP Mobile ad hoc networks Utility programs Communication networks computer architecture Distributed computing Distributed algorithms

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Workshop on imaging science development for cancer prevention and preemption

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Cancer Biomarkers 2007年第1期3卷 1-33页

作者： Kelloff, Gary J. Sullivan, Daniel C. Baker, Houston Clarke, Lawrence P. Nordstrom, Robert Tatum, James L. Dorfman, Gary S. Jacobs, Paula Berg, Christine D. Pomper, Martin G. Birrer, Michael J. Tempero, Margaret Higley, Howard R. Petty, Brenda Gumbs Sigman, Caroline C. Maley, Carlo Sharma, Prateek Wax, Adam Ginsberg, Gregory G. Dannenberg, Andrew J. Hawk, Ernest T. Messing, Edward M. Grossman, H. Barton Harisinghani, Mukesh Bigio, Irving J. Griebel, Donna Henson, Donald E. Fabian, Carol J. Ferrara, Katherine Fantini, Sergio Schnall, Mitchell D. Zujewski, Jo Anne Hayes, Wendy Klein, Eric A. DeMarzo, Angelo Ocak, Iclal Ketterling, Jeffrey A. Tempany, Clare Shtern, Faina Parnes, Howard L. Gomez, Jorge Srivastava, Sudhir Szabo, Eva Lam, Stephen Seibel, Eric J. Massion, Pierre McLennan, Geoffrey Cleary, Kevin Suh, Robert Burt, Randall W. Pfeiffer, Ruth M. Hoffman, John M. Roy, Hemant K. Wang, Thomas Limburg, Paul J. El-Deiry, Wafik S. Papadimitrakopoulou, Vali Hittelman, Walter N. MacAulay, Calum Veltri, Robert W. Solomonzz, Diane Jeronimo, Jose Richards-Kortum, Rebecca Johnson, Karen A. Viner, Jaye L. Stratton, Steven P. Rajadhyaksha, Milind Dhawan, Atam NIH/NCI/DCTD Cancer Imaging Program Bethesda MD United States NIH/NCI/DCTD Cancer Imaging Program NCI-Frederick Frederick MD United States NIH/NCI/DCP Early Detection Research Group Bethesda MD United States The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Departments of Radiology Pharmacology and Oncology Division of Neuroradiology Baltimore MD United States NIH/NCI/CCR Cell and Cancer Biology Branch Bethesda MD United States University of California San Francisco Department of Medicine Division of Medical Oncology San Francisco CA United States CCS Associates Inc. Mountain View CA United States Wistar Institute Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program Philadelphia PA United States University of Kansas School of Medicine VA Hospital Kansas City MO United States Duke University Department of Biomedical Engineering Medical Physics Program Durham NC United States University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Department of Gastroenterology Philadelphia PA United States New York Presbyterian Hospital Weill Medical College of Cornell University New York NY United States NIH/NCI/OD Office of Centers for Training and Resources Bethesda MD United States University of Rochester Medical Center Department of Urology Rochester NY United States University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Department of Urology Houston TX United States Massachusetts General Hospital Abdominal Imaging/Interventional Radiology Boston MA United States Boston University Biomedical Engineering Electrical and Computer Engineering and Physics Boston MA United States NIH/NCI/DCP Gastrointestinal and Other Cancers Research Group Bethesda MD United States The George Washington University Cancer Institute Office of Cancer Prevention and Control Washington DC United States University of Kansas Cancer Center Clinical Oncology Kansas City KS United States University of California Davis Department of Biomedical Engineering Davis CA United States Tufts University De

The article provides information on a workshop on the development of imaging systems for cancer prevention and preemption convened by the U.S. National Cancer Institute (NCI) Cancer Imaging Program held in Gaithersburg, Maryland. Doctor Katherine Ferrara of the University of California discussed the function of ultrasound in breast tumor imaging. Ways to close the gap between development and application of imaging approaches were tackled in a roundtable discussion on cervix and skin cancer.

关键词： FORUMS (Discussion & debate) IMAGING systems in medicine CANCER prevention

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Layering As Optimization Decomposition: Current Status and Open Issues

Layering As Optimization Decomposition: Current Status and O...

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Annual Conference on Information Sciences and systems (CISS)

作者： Mung Chiang Steven H. Low A. Robert Calderbank John C. Doyle Electrical Engineering Department Princeton University USA Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Department Caltech USA Electrical Engineering and Mathematics Departments Princeton University USA Control and Dynamic Systems Department Caltech USA

Network protocols in layered architectures have historically been obtained on an ad-hoc basis, and much of the recent cross-layer designs are conducted through piecemeal approaches. Network protocols may instead be holistically analyzed and systematically designed as distributed solutions to some global optimization problems in the form of generalized network utility maximization (NUM), providing insight on what they optimize and structures of the network protocol stack. This paper presents a short survey of the recent efforts towards a systematic understanding of "layering" as "optimization decomposition", where the overall communication network is modeled by a generalized NUM problem, each layer corresponds to a decomposed subproblem, and the interfaces among layers are quantified as functions of the optimization variables coordinating the subproblems. Furthermore, there are many alternative decompositions, each leading to a different layering architecture. Industry adoption of this unifying framework has also started. Here we summarize the current status of horizontal decomposition into distributed computation and vertical decomposition into functional modules such as congestion control, routing, scheduling, random access, power control, and coding. Key messages and methodologies arising out of many recent work are listed. Then we present a list of challenging open issues in this area and the initial progress made on some of them.

关键词： Protocols design optimization Cross layer design Utility programs Communication networks computer architecture Distributed computing Routing Job shop scheduling Processor scheduling

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Transmission Expansion under Risk using Stochastic Programming

Transmission Expansion under Risk using Stochastic Programmi...

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International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power systems (PMAPS)

作者： Juan Alvarez Kumaraswamy Ponnambalam Victor H. Quintana Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Waterloo Waterloo ONT Canada Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo ONT Canada

In this work, the problem of transmission expansion under risk from demand uncertainty and capacity of the lines is addressed. A deterministic model is expanded into a two-stage stochastic model with fixed recourse by means of considering the various foreseeable levels of demand as random. After this model is analyzed, a way of quantifying risk using the mean-variance Markowitz approach is proposed. The last model presented is such that randomness in the transmission capacity factor for each line is considered using a probabilistic constraint. The concepts of expected value of perfect information (EVPI) and the value of the stochastic solution (VSS) are also studied

关键词： Stochastic processes Investments Power system planning Power system modeling Power system reliability design engineering Power engineering and energy Load flow Costs Power systems

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Increasing Object Recognition Rate using Reinforced Segmentation

Increasing Object Recognition Rate using Reinforced Segmenta...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： Farhang Sahba Hamid R. Tizhoosh Magdy M.A. Salama Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo ONT Canada Electrical and Computer Engineering Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence Laboratory Waterloo ONT Canada

In this paper a new approach to object extraction and recognition based on reinforcement learning is presented. We use this novel idea as a method to optimally segment the image and increase the recognition rate. The ... 详细信息

关键词： Object recognition Learning Image segmentation Data mining design engineering Pattern analysis Machine intelligence Laboratories Image recognition Object detection

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Adaboost and Support Vector Machines for White Matter Lesion Segmentation in MR Images

Adaboost and Support Vector Machines for White Matter Lesion...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： A. Quddus P. Fieguth O. Basir PAMI Lab Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo ONT Canada Department of Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo ONT Canada

The use of two powerful classification techniques (boosting and SVM) is explored for the segmentation of white-matter lesions in the MRI scans of human brain. Simple features are generated from proton density (PD) scans. Radial basis function (RBF) based Adaboost technique and support vector machines (SVM) are employed for this task. The classifiers are trained on severe, moderate and mild cases. The segmentation is performed in T1 acquisition space rather than standard space (with more slices). Hence, the proposed approach requires less time for manual verification. The results indicate that the proposed approach can handle MR field inhomogeneities quite well and is completely independent from manual selection process so that it can be run under batch mode. Segmentation performance comparison with manual detection is also provided

关键词： Support vector machines Lesions Image segmentation Support vector machine classification Humans Artificial neural networks Magnetic resonance imaging Biological neural networks Boosting Data analysis

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