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2023 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory, ISIT 2023

作者： Reeves, Galen Pfister, Henry D. Duke University Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering United States Duke University Departments of Statistical Science United States Duke University Departments of Mathematics United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781665475549

Recently, the authors showed that Reed-Muller (RM) codes achieve capacity on binary memoryless symmetric (BMS) channels with respect to bit error rate. This paper extends that work by showing that RM codes defined on non-binary fields, known as generalized RM codes, achieve capacity on sufficiently symmetric non-binary channels with respect to symbol error rate. The new proof also simplifies the previous approach (for BMS channels) in a variety of ways that may be of independent interest. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Bit error rate

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Adaptive Indoor People-Counting System Based on Edge AI Computing

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IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computational Intelligence 2024年第1期8卷 255-263页

作者： Yen, Mao-Hsu Lin, Bor-Shyh Kuo, Yu-Lun Lee, I-Jung Lin, Bor-Shing National Taiwan Ocean University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Keelung City202301 Taiwan National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Institute of Imaging and Biomedical Photonics Tainan71150 Taiwan Chi Mei Medical Center Department of Medical Research Tainan71004 Taiwan National Taipei University Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering New Taipei City237303 Taiwan National Taipei University College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science New Taipei City237303 Taiwan

Since the outbreak of COVID-19 in 2019, people counting in confined spaces has become essential for controlling the flow of people and reducing viral spread. Many people-counting systems use a fisheye lens to achieve a wide viewing range. However, the images captured with a fisheye lens can have different sizes and deformations due to different camera heights, which consequently affects the accuracy of people counting. In this study, a Raspberry Pi 4 development board attached to a fisheye lens was used to construct an edge computing platform for people counting by using artificial intelligence. A modified You Only Look Once (YOLO) model, which has three output layers and a spatial pyramid pooling module, is proposed to recognize people in images captured at various heights. For efficiently running this deep learning model on the proposed edge computing platform, a TensorFlow Lite framework was used to reduce the model size. The final experimental results indicated that the mean average error and mean squared error of the modified tiny version of the YOLO v4 model were 0.249 and 0.292, respectively, and the detection speed of the platform was 2 frames per second. The results indicate that the proposed edge computing platform can efficiently and accurately count the number of people. Because the proposed system uses edge computing, it can effectively solve personal privacy and transmission bandwidth problems. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： Cameras

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Facilitating Safe Automated Navigation in Ice with Cooperating Autonomous Vehicles

Facilitating Safe Automated Navigation in Ice with Cooperati...

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oceanS 2024 - Halifax, oceanS 2024

作者： Kio, Onoise G. Afolabi, Faruq McGregor, Alexander Garvin, Matthew Gash, Robert Allison, Robert S. York University Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Toronto Canada National Research Council Canada Ocean Coastal and River Engineering Research Center St. John's Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798331540081

Autonomous shipping has gained much interest in the last decade stemming from several desirable safety and environmental benefits. A significant boost to Canada's autonomous shipping drive would be adequately monitoring ice conditions in shipping environments with unmanned assets and calculating safe navigation routes for autonomous ships. A workflow was created to simulate an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) cooperating with a maritime autonomous surface ship (MASS) to facilitate the MASS's safe navigation through an icy waterway. Both vehicles were modeled as MATLAB Simulink's Sim3D objects operating in an icy shipping environment representing a section of Canada's St Lawrence Seaway and built with Unreal Game Engine version 4.26.2. The UAV performed regular ice-condition-monitoring flights over the shipping environment with its vision and LiDAR sensors. Maps of Ice Numerals (IN) pertaining to the MASS's class were developed from processed data from the UAV's sensors. They served as inputs to a Rapidly Exploring Random Tree (RRT) algorithm that estimated safe obstacle free routes for the MASS through the shipping environment. Colour-coded hazard maps specifying safe and hazardous waterway regimes were also developed from IN maps. Hazard maps could serve as navigational aids to operators monitoring MASS operations in hazardous environments. Results obtained from testing the workflow on the MA TLAB Simulink + Unreal Engine simulation environment produced the desired INs and hazard maps with safe navigation routes for the MASS. These results show the possibility of having autonomous assets corporate to facilitate safe autonomous navigation in ice. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

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Secure Medical Data Management Based on Homomorphic Encryption and Secret Sharing

Secure Medical Data Management Based on Homomorphic Encrypti...

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8th IEEE International Conference on Smart Cloud, SmartCloud 2023

作者： Law, Po Ying Tsai, Chia-Cheng Fok, Tsz Wun Wang, Ching-Ting Chang, Chi-Hsien Chin, Tsung-Yu Liao, Yi-Chen Lee, Jen-Kuang Lin, Chung-Wei Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering Taiwan Department of Engineering Science and Ocean Engineering Taiwan School of Medicine National Taiwan University Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350313505

Medical data are highly sensitive and require secure storage systems to protect patients’ privacy. Centralized databases pose significant risks in the context of a breach, since all data are concentrated in a single location. Additionally, privacy concerns often prevent medical institutions from sharing data, hindering potential research breakthroughs. To address these challenges, we propose a novel cloud storage system that utilizes homomorphic encryption and secret sharing. Our approach enables secure cloud storage of medical data and allows for secure data sharing without compromising patients’ privacy. In addition to enhancing confidentiality, our proposed approach also improves data integrity and availability. We implement a proof-of-concept that demonstrates the feasibility of our storage system. ©2023 IEEE.

关键词： Cloud storage

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Can Copyright Be Reduced to Privacy? 5

Can Copyright Be Reduced to Privacy?

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5th Symposium on Foundations of Responsible Computing, FORC 2024

作者： Elkin-Koren, Niva Hacohen, Uri Livni, Roi Moran, Shay Faculty of Law Tel Aviv University Israel School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv University Israel Departments of Mathematics and Computer Science Technion Haifa Israel

ISBN: (纸本)9783959773195

There is a growing concern that generative AI models will generate outputs closely resembling the copyrighted materials for which they are trained. This worry has intensified as the quality and complexity of generative models have immensely improved, and the availability of extensive datasets containing copyrighted material has expanded. Researchers are actively exploring strategies to mitigate the risk of generating infringing samples, with a recent line of work suggesting to employ techniques such as differential privacy and other forms of algorithmic stability to provide guarantees on the lack of infringing copying. In this work, we examine whether such algorithmic stability techniques are suitable to ensure the responsible use of generative models without inadvertently violating copyright laws. We argue that while these techniques aim to verify the presence of identifiable information in datasets, thus being privacy-oriented, copyright law aims to promote the use of original works for the benefit of society as a whole, provided that no unlicensed use of protected expression occurred. These fundamental differences between privacy and copyright must not be overlooked. In particular, we demonstrate that while algorithmic stability may be perceived as a practical tool to detect copying, such copying does not necessarily constitute copyright infringement. Therefore, if adopted as a standard for detecting an establishing copyright infringement, algorithmic stability may undermine the intended objectives of copyright law. © Niva Elkin-Koren, Uri Hacohen, Roi Livni, and Shay Moran.

关键词： Copyrights

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Invertibility of Discrete-Time Linear Systems with Sparse Inputs 63

Invertibility of Discrete-Time Linear Systems with Sparse In...

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63rd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, CDC 2024

作者： Poe, Kyle Mallada, Enrique Vidal, Rene University of Pennsylvania Applied Mathematics and Computational Science Group PA19104 United States Johns Hopkins University Mallada Is with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering MD21218 United States University of Pennsylvania Radiology Computer and Information Science Statistics and Data Science Departments of Electrical and Systems Engineering PA19104 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316339

One of the fundamental problems of interest for discrete-time linear systems is whether its input sequence may be recovered given its output sequence, a.k.a. the left inversion problem. Many conditions on the state space geometry, dynamics, and spectral structure of a system have been used to characterize the well-posedness of this problem, without assumptions on the inputs. However, certain structural assumptions, such as input sparsity, have been shown to translate to practical gains in the performance of inversion algorithms, surpassing classical guarantees. Establishing necessary and sufficient conditions for left invertibility of systems with sparse inputs is therefore a crucial step toward understanding the performance limits of system inversion under structured input assumptions. In this work, we provide the first necessary and sufficient characterizations of left invertibility for linear systems with sparse inputs, echoing classic characterizations for standard linear systems. The key insight in deriving these results is in establishing the existence of two novel geometric invariants unique to the sparseinput setting, the weakly unobservable and strongly reachable subspace arrangements. By means of a concrete example, we demonstrate the utility of these characterizations. We conclude by discussing extensions and applications of this framework to several related problems in sparse control. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： State space methods

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Coupling Mobile Brain Imaging and Virtual Reality Omnidirectional Treadmill to Explore Attenuated Situational Awareness during Distracted Walking

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IEEE Transactions on Cognitive and Developmental Systems 2024年第3期16卷 1063-1076页

作者： Chuang, Chun-Hsiang Chiu, Tsai-Feng Hsu, Hao-Che Lin, Shih-Syun National Tsing Hua University Research Center for Education and Mind Sciences College of Education The Institute of Information Systems and Applications College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Hsinchu300 Taiwan National Tsing Hua University Research Center for Education and Mind Sciences Hsinchu300 Taiwan National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Department of Computer Science Hsinchu300193 Taiwan National Taiwan Ocean University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Keelung20224 Taiwan

Walking while engaging in distracting activities affects our perception of changes happening on the road, leading to exposure to hazardous conditions. This study aimed to evidence that pedestrians who become distracted when absorbed in their smartphones fail to maintain situational awareness. Thirty-six recruited participants performed a psychomotor vigilance task and a wayfinding task designed to simulate a multitasking scenario;meanwhile, an auditory oddball paradigm presented to participants tested their situational awareness of an external stimulus. The experiment was conducted in virtual reality (VR) environment with an omnidirectional treadmill. Participant's behavioral and electroencephalographic (EEG) responses were measured and analyzed using a newly proposed brain network measure, phase locking distance (PLD), to capture multitasking-associated couplings between brain regions. The current study supports the notion that multitasking can lead to diminished behavioral performance and changes in walking patterns. Despite the increased interregional brain connectivity, which may be an adaptive response to heightened cognitive demands, the associated reduction in event-related EEG activity suggests competition for neural resources during multitasking. Moreover, the observed EEG activities could indicate additional information processing capacity limitations and provide evidence of decreased situational awareness during multitasking, thereby increasing susceptibility to potentially hazardous situations. © 2016 IEEE.

关键词： Electroencephalography

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Robust conformal prediction using privileged information 24

Robust conformal prediction using privileged information

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Proceedings of the 38th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems

作者： Shai Feldman Yaniv Romano Department of Computer Science Technion Israel Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering and of Computer Science Technion Israel

ISBN: (纸本)9798331314385

We develop a method to generate prediction sets with a guaranteed coverage rate that is robust to corruptions in the training data, such as missing or noisy variables. Our approach builds on conformal prediction, a powerful framework to construct prediction sets that are valid under the i.i.d assumption. Importantly, naively applying conformal prediction does not provide reliable predictions in this setting, due to the distribution shift induced by the corruptions. To account for the distribution shift, we assume access to privileged information (PI). The PI is formulated as additional features that explain the distribution shift, however, they are only available during training and absent at test time. We approach this problem by introducing a novel generalization of weighted conformal prediction and support our method with theoretical coverage guarantees. Empirical experiments on both real and synthetic datasets indicate that our approach achieves a valid coverage rate and constructs more informative predictions compared to existing methods, which are not supported by theoretical guarantees.

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Indirect adaptive observer control (I-AOC) design for truck–trailer model based on T–S fuzzy system with unknown nonlinear function

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Complex and Intelligent Systems 2024年第5期10卷 7311-7331页

作者： Aslam, Muhammad Shamrooz Bilal, Hazrat Chang, Wer-Jer Yahya, Abid Badruddin, Irfan Anjum Kamangar, Sarfaraz Hussien, Mohamed Artificial Intelligence Research Institute China University of Mining and Technology Department of Automation University of Science and Technology of China Department of Marine Engineering of National Taiwan Ocean University (NTOU) Department of Electrical Computer and Telecommunications Engineering Botswana International University of Science and Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering King Khalid University Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science King Khalid University

Tracking is a crucial problem for nonlinear systems as it ensures stability and enables the system to accurately follow a desired reference signal. Using Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy models, this paper addresses the problem of fuzzy observer and control design for a class of nonlinear systems. The Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy models can represent nonlinear systems because it is a universal approximation. Firstly, the T–S fuzzy modeling is applied to get the dynamics of an observational system in order to estimate the unmeasurable states of an unknown nonlinear system. There are various kinds of nonlinear systems that can be modeled using T–S fuzzy systems by combining the input state variables linearly. Secondly, the T–S fuzzy systems can handle unknown states as well as parameters known to the indirect adaptive fuzzy observer. A simple feedback method is used to implement the proposed controller. As a result, the feedback linearization method allows for solving the singularity problem without using any additional algorithms. A fuzzy model representation of the observation system comprises parameters and a feedback gain. The Lyapunov function and Lipschitz conditions are used in constructing the adaptive law. This method is then illustrated by an illustrative example to prove its effectiveness with different kinds of nonlinear functions. A well-designed controller is effective and its performance index minimizes network utilization—this factor is particularly significant when applied to wireless communication systems. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Adaptive observer control Feedback control design Indirect method Lyapunov–Krasovskii candidate T–S fuzzy models

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Resampling methods for private statistical inference

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Chadha, Karan Duchi, John C. Kuditipudi, Rohith Departments of Electrical Engineering Departments of Statistics Departments of Computer Science Stanford University United States

We propose two private variants of the non-parametric bootstrap for privately computing confidence sets. Each privately computes the median of results of multiple "little" bootstraps, yielding asymptotic bounds on the coverage error of the resulting confidence sets. For a fixed differential privacy parameter Ε, our methods enjoy the same error rates as the non-private bootstrap to within logarithmic factors in the sample size n. We empirically validate the performance of our methods for mean estimation, median estimation, and logistic regression, and our methods achieve similar coverage accuracy to existing methods (and non-private baselines) while providing notably shorter (about 10×) confidence intervals than previous approaches. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Machine learning

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