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Fast Photon-Mediated Entanglement of Continuously Cooled Trapped Ions for Quantum Networking

Physical Review Letters 2024年第9期133卷 090802页

作者： Jameson O’Reilly George Toh Isabella Goetting Sagnik Saha Mikhail Shalaev Allison L. Carter Andrew Risinger Ashish Kalakuntla Tingguang Li Ashrit Verma Christopher Monroe Duke Quantum Center Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Physics Departments of Physics and Electrical and Computer Engineering

We entangle two cotrapped atomic barium ion qubits by collecting single visible photons from each ion through in vacuo 0.8 NA objectives, interfering them through an integrated fiber beam splitter and detecting them in coincidence. This projects the qubits into an entangled Bell state with an observed fidelity lower bound of F>94%. We also introduce an ytterbium ion for sympathetic cooling to remove the need for recooling interruptions and achieve a continuous entanglement rate of 250 s−1.

关键词： Entanglement production Quantum information with trapped ions Quantum networks Trapped ions

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Ensemble Learning for Microbubble Localization in Super-Resolution Ultrasound 22

Ensemble Learning for Microbubble Localization in Super-Reso...

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22nd IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging, ISBI 2025

作者： Gharamaleki, Sepideh K. Helfield, Brandon Rivaz, Hassan Concordia University Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Montréal QC Canada Concordia University Physics and Biology Departments Montréal QC Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798331520526

Super-resolution ultrasound (SR-US) is a powerful imaging technique for capturing microvasculature and blood flow at high spatial resolution. However, accurate microbubble (MB) localization remains a key challenge, as errors in localization can propagate through subsequent stages of the super-resolution process, affecting overall performance. In this paper, we explore the potential of ensemble learning techniques to enhance MB localization by increasing detection sensitivity and reducing false positives. Our study evaluates the effectiveness of ensemble methods on both in vivo and simulated outputs of a Deformable DEtection TRansformer (Deformable DETR) network. As a result of our study, we are able to demonstrate the advantages of these ensemble approaches by showing improved precision and recall in MB detection and offering insights into their application in SR-US. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Ensemble Learning Microbubbles Super-resolution ultrasound Transformers Ultrasound Localization Microscopy

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Theory of quantum circuits with Abelian symmetries

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Physical Review Research 2024年第4期6卷 043292-043292页

作者： Iman Marvian Duke Quantum Center Departments of Physics & Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke University Durham North Carolina 27708 USA

Quantum circuits with gates (local unitaries) respecting a global symmetry have broad applications in quantum information science and related fields, such as condensed-matter theory and quantum thermodynamics. However, despite their widespread use, fundamental properties of such circuits are not well understood. Recently, it was found that generic unitaries respecting a global symmetry cannot be realized, even approximately, using gates that respect the same symmetry. This observation raises important open questions: What unitary transformations can be realized with k-local gates that respect a global symmetry? In other words, in the presence of a global symmetry, how does the locality of interactions constrain the possible time evolution of a composite system? In this work, we address these questions for the case of Abelian (commutative) symmetries and develop constructive methods for synthesizing circuits with such symmetries. Remarkably, as a corollary, we find that, while the locality of interactions still imposes additional constraints on realizable unitaries, certain restrictions observed in the case of non-Abelian symmetries do not apply to circuits with Abelian symmetries. For instance, in circuits with a general non-Abelian symmetry such as SU(d), the unitary realized in a subspace with one irreducible representation (charge) of the symmetry dictates the realized unitaries in multiple other sectors with inequivalent representations of the symmetry. Furthermore, in certain sectors, rather than all unitaries respecting the symmetry, the realizable unitaries are the symplectic or orthogonal subgroups of this group. We prove that none of these restrictions appears in the case of Abelian symmetries. This result suggests that global non-Abelian symmetries may affect the thermalization of quantum systems in ways not possible under Abelian symmetries.

关键词： Quantum electronics

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Quantum Fourier Transform Using Dynamic Circuits

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Physical Review Letters 2024年第15期133卷 150602页

作者： Elisa Bäumer Vinay Tripathi Alireza Seif Daniel Lidar Derek S. Wang IBM Quantum Department of Physics & Astronomy and Center for Quantum Information Science & Technology Departments of Electrical & Computer Engineering Chemistry Physics & Astronomy and Center for Quantum Information Science & Technology

In dynamic quantum circuits, classical information from midcircuit measurements is fed forward during circuit execution. This emerging capability of quantum computers confers numerous advantages that can enable more efficient and powerful protocols by drastically reducing the resource requirements for certain core algorithmic primitives. In particular, in the case of the n-qubit quantum Fourier transform followed immediately by measurement, the scaling of resource requirements is reduced from O(n2) two-qubit gates in an all-to-all connectivity in the standard unitary formulation to O(n) midcircuit measurements in its dynamic counterpart without any connectivity constraints. Here, we demonstrate the advantage of dynamic quantum circuits for the quantum Fourier transform on IBM’s superconducting quantum hardware with certified process fidelities of >50% on up to 16 qubits and >1% on up to 37 qubits, exceeding previous reports across all quantum computing platforms. These results are enabled by our contribution of an efficient method for certifying the process fidelity, as well as of a dynamical decoupling protocol for error suppression during midcircuit measurements and feed forward within a dynamic quantum circuit that we call “feed-forward-compensated dynamical decoupling.” Our results demonstrate the advantages of leveraging dynamic circuits in optimizing the compilation of quantum algorithms.

关键词： Measurement-based quantum computing Quantum algorithms Quantum benchmarking Quantum circuits

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Fast photon-mediated entanglement of continuously-cooled trapped ions for quantum networking

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： O’Reilly, Jameson Toh, George Goetting, Isabella Saha, Sagnik Shalaev, Mikhail Carter, Allison Risinger, Andrew Kalakuntla, Ashish Li, Tingguang Verma, Ashrit Monroe, Christopher Duke Quantum Center Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Physics Duke University DurhamNC27708 United States Joint Quantum Institute Departments of Physics and Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States

We entangle two co-trapped atomic barium ion qubits by collecting single visible photons from each ion through in-vacuo 0.8 NA objectives, interfering them through an integrated fiber-beamsplitter and detecting them in coincidence. This projects the qubits into an entangled Bell state with an observed fidelity lower bound of F > 94%. We also introduce an ytterbium ion for sympathetic cooling to remove the need for recooling interruptions and achieve a continuous entanglement rate of 250 s−1 © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Photons

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Entanglement fidelity limits of photonically-networked atomic qubits from recoil and timing

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Yu, Yichao Saha, Sagnik Shalaev, Mikhail Toh, George O’Reilly, Jameson Goetting, Isabella Kalakuntla, Ashish Monroe, Christopher Duke Quantum Center Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Physics Duke University DurhamNC27708 United States

The remote entanglement of two atomic quantum memories through photonic interactions is accompanied by atomic momentum recoil. When the interactions occur at different times, such as from the random emission over the lifetime of the atomic excited state, the difference in recoil timing can expose "which-path" information and ultimately lead to decoherence. Time-bin encoded photonic qubits can be particularly sensitive to asynchronous recoil timing. In this paper we study the limits of entanglement fidelity in atomic systems due to recoil and other timing imbalances and show how these effects can be suppressed or even eliminated through proper experimental design. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Atoms

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High-fidelity remote entanglement of trapped atoms mediated by time-bin photons

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Saha, Sagnik Shalaev, Mikhail O'Reilly, Jameson Goetting, Isabella Toh, George Kalakuntla, Ashish Yu, Yichao Monroe, Christopher Duke Quantum Center Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Physics Duke University DurhamNC27708 United States

Photonic interconnects between quantum processing nodes are likely the only way to achieve large-scale quantum computers and networks. The bottleneck in such an architecture is the interface between well-isolated quantum memories and flying photons. We establish high-fidelity entanglement between remotely separated trapped atomic qubit memories, mediated by photonic qubits stored in the timing of their pulses. Such time-bin encoding removes sensitivity to polarization errors, enables long-distance quantum communication, and is extensible to quantum memories with more than two states. Using a measurement-based error detection process and suppressing a fundamental source of error due to atomic recoil, we achieve an entanglement fidelity of 97% and show that fidelities beyond 99.9% are feasible. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Photons

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Strong nonlinear optical processes with extraordinary polarization anisotropy in inversionsymmetry broken two-dimensional PdPSe

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第8期13卷 1524-1533页

作者： Song Zhu Ruihuan Duan Xiaodong Xu Fangyuan Sun Wenduo Chen Fakun Wang Siyuan Li Ming Ye Xin Zhou Jinluo Cheng Yao Wu Houkun Liang Junichiro Kono Xingji Li Zheng Liu Qi Jie Wang School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University639798 SingaporeSingapore School of Material Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University639798 SingaporeSingapore CINTRA CNRS/NTU/THALES UMI 3288Research Techno PlazaNanyang Technological University637371 SingaporeSingapore School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology150001 HarbinChina Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore117543 SingaporeSingapore GPL Photonics Lab State Key Laboratory of Applied OpticsChangchun Institute of OpticsFine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences130033 ChangchunChina School of Electronics and Information Engineering Sichuan University610064 ChengduSichuanChina School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University637371 SingaporeSingapore Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering Physics and Astronomyand Materials Science and NanoEngineeringRice UniversityHoustonTXUSA

Nonlinear optical activities,especially second harmonic generation(SHG),are key phenomena in inversion-symmetrybroken two-dimensional(2D)transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDCs).On the other hand,anisotropic nonlinear optical processes are important for unique applications in nano-nonlinear photonic devices with polarization functions,having become one of focused research topics in the field of nonlinear ***,the strong nonlinearity and strong optical anisotropy do not exist simultaneously in common 2D ***,we demonstrate strong secondorder and third-order susceptibilities of 64 pm/V and 6.2×10^(-19)m^(2)/V^(2),respectively,in the even-layer PdPSe,which has not been discovered in other common TMDCs(e.g.,MoS2).Strikingly,it also simultaneously exhibited strong SHG anisotropy with an anisotropic ratio of~45,which is the largest reported among all 2D materials to date,to the best of our *** addition,the SHG anisotropy ratio can be harnessed from 0.12 to 45(375 times)by varying the excitation wavelength due to the dispersion ofχ^(2)*** an illustrative example,we further demonstrate polarized SHG imaging for potential applications in crystal orientation identification and polarization-dependent spatial *** findings in 2D PdPSe are promising for nonlinear nanophotonic and optoelectronic applications.

关键词： materials anisotropy nonlinear

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Operational Interpretation of Quantum Fisher Information in Quantum Thermodynamics

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Physical Review Letters 2022年第19期129卷 190502-190502页

作者： Iman Marvian Departments of Physics and Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke University Durham North Carolina 27708 USA

In the framework of quantum thermodynamics preparing a quantum system in a general state requires the consumption of two distinct resources, namely, work and energetic coherence. It has been shown that the work cost of preparing a quantum state is determined by its free energy. Considering a similar setting, here we determine the coherence cost of preparing a general state when there are no restrictions on work consumption. More precisely, the coherence cost is defined as the minimum rate of consumption of systems in a pure coherent state, that is needed to prepare copies of the desired system. We show that the coherence cost of any system is determined by its quantum Fisher information about the time parameter, hence introducing a new operational interpretation of this central quantity of quantum metrology. Our resource-theoretic approach also reveals a previously unnoticed connection between two fundamental properties of quantum Fisher information.

关键词： Quantum thermodynamics Resource theories

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Error budget of a parametric resonance entangling gate with a tunable coupler

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Physical Review Applied 2024年第1期22卷 014059-014059页

作者： Eyob A. Sete Vinay Tripathi Joseph A. Valery Daniel Lidar Josh Y. Mutus 775 Heinz Avenue Berkeley California 94710 USA Department of Physics & Astronomy and Center for Quantum Information Science & Technology Departments of Electrical & Computer Engineering Chemistry Physics & Astronomy and Center for Quantum Information Science & Technology

We analyze the experimental error budget of parametric resonance gates in a tunable coupler architecture. We identify and characterize various sources of errors, including incoherent, leakage, amplitude, and phase errors. By varying the two-qubit gate time, we explore the dynamics of these errors and their impact on the gate fidelity. To accurately capture the impact of incoherent errors on gate fidelity, we measure the coherence times of qubits under gate operating conditions. Our findings reveal that the incoherent errors, mainly arising from qubit relaxation and dephasing due to white noise, limit the fidelity of the two-qubit gates. Moreover, we demonstrate that leakage to noncomputational states is the second largest contributor to the two-qubit gates infidelity, as characterized using leakage-randomized benchmarking. The error budgeting methodology we develop here can be effectively applied to other types of gate implementations.

关键词： Quantum computation Quantum control Quantum engineering

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