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Selecting regions of interest for the diagnosis of alzheimer using brain SPECT images

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6th International Symposium on Neural Networks, ISNN 2009

作者： Salas-Gonzalez, Diego Górriz, Juan M. Ramírez, Javier Álvarez, Ignacio López, Míriam Segovia, Fermín Puntonet, Carlos G. Dept. of Signal Theory Networking and Communications University of Granada Granada 18071 Spain Dept. of Computer Architecture and Computer Technology University of Granada Granada 18071 Spain

ISBN: (纸本)3642015123

This paper presents a computer-aided diagnosis technique for improving the accuracy of the early diagnosis of the Alzheimer type dementia. The proposed methodology is based on the selection of those voxels which present a greater difference between normals and Alzheimer's type dementia patients. The mean value of the intensities of the selected voxels are used as features for different classifiers. The proposed methodology reaches an accuracy of 89% in the classification task. © 2009 Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

关键词： computer aided diagnosis

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computer aided diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease using principal component analysis and bayesian classifiers 6

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6th International Symposium of Neural Networks, ISNN 2009

作者： López, Miriam Ramírez, Javier Górriz, Juan M. Álvarez, Ignacio Salas-Gonzalez, Diego Segovia, Fermin Puntonet, Carlos García Dept of Signal Theory Networking and Communications University of Granada Spain Dept of Architecture and Computer Technology University of Granada Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9783642012150

Functional brain imaging with PET (Positron Emission Tomography) and SPECT (Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography) has a definitive and well established role in the investigation of a variety of conditions such as Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Nowadays the inspection of PET and SPECT images is performed by expert clinicians, but usually entails time consuming and subjective steps. This work aims at providing an automatic tool to assist the interpretation of SPECT and PET images for the diagnosis of AD. The main problem to be handled is the so-called small size sample, which consists in having a small number of available images compared to the large number of features. This problem is faced up by reducing intensively the dimension of the feature space by means of Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Our approach is based on bayesian classifiers, which uses the a posteriori information to determine to which class the subject belongs, yielding 88.6% and 98.3% accuracy for SPECT and PET images respectively. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2009.

关键词： Principal component analysis

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Independent component analysis of SPECT images to assist the Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis 6

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6th International Symposium of Neural Networks, ISNN 2009

作者： Álvarez, Ignacio Górriz, Juan M. Ramírez, Javier Salas-Gonzalez, Diego López, Miriam Puntonet, Carlos García Segovia, Fermin Dept. of Signal Theory Networking and Communications University of Granada Spain Dept. of Architecture and Computer Technology University of Granada Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9783642012150

Finding sensitive and appropriate technologies for non-invasive observation and early detection of the Alzheimer’s Type Dementia (ATD) are of fundamental importance to develop early treatments. Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) images are commonly used by physicians to assist the diagnosis, rating them by visual evaluations. In this work, we present a computer aided diagnosis method in which a selection of relevant features was extracted from each patient image by means of Independent Component Analysis (ICA). An average image was computed within the normal or Alzheimer’s disease brain image class, to be later used to extract a set of independent sources that best symbolized each class characteristics. Each brain image was projected onto the space spanned by this independent sources basis, and the extracted information was used to train a SVM classifier which could classify new subjects in a unsupervised manner. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2009.

关键词： Independent component analysis

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Automatic system for alzheimer's disease diagnosis using eigenbrains and bayesian classification rules

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10th International Work-Conference on Artificial Neural Networks, IWANN 2009

作者： López, M. Ramírez, J. Górriz, J.M. Álvarez, I. Salas-Gonzalez, D. Segovia, F. Puntonet, C.G. Dept. of Signal Theory Networking and Communications University of Granada Spain Dept. of Architecture and Computer Technology University of Granada Spain

ISBN: (纸本)3642024777

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a progressive neurologic disease of the brain that leads to the irreversible loss of neurons and dementia. The new brain imaging techniques PET (Positron Emission Tomography) and SPECT (Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography) provide functional information about the brain activity and have been widely used in the AD diagnosis process. However, the diagnosis currently relies on manual image reorientations, visual evaluation and other subjective, time consuming steps. In this work, a complete computer aided diagnosis (CAD) system is developed to assist the clinicians in the AD diagnosis process. It is based on bayesian classifiers, made up from features previously extracted. The small size sample problem, consisting of having a number of available samples much lower than the dimension of the feature space, is faced up by applying Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to the features. This approach provides higher accuracy values than other previous approaches do, yielding 91.21% and 98.33% accuracy values for SPECT and PET images, respectively. © 2009 Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

关键词： Principal component analysis

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Early detection of the alzheimer disease combining feature selection and kernel machines

Early detection of the alzheimer disease combining feature s...

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15th International Conference on Neuro-Information Processing, ICONIP 2008

作者： Ramírez, J. Górriz, J.M. López, M. Salas-Gonzalez, D. Álvarez, I. Segovia, F. Puntonet, C.G. Dept. of Signal Theory Networking and Communications University of Granada Spain Dept. of Architecture and Computer Technology University of Granada Spain

ISBN: (纸本)3642030394

Alzheimer disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder first affecting memory functions and then gradually affecting all cognitive functions with behavioral impairments. As the number of patients with AD has increased, early diagnosis has received more attention for both social and medical reasons. However, currently, accuracy in the early diagnosis of certain neurodegenerative diseases such as the Alzheimer type dementia is below 70% and, frequently, these do not receive the suitable treatment. Functional brain imaging including single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is commonly used to guide the clinician's diagnosis. However, conventional evaluation of SPECT scans often relies on manual reorientation, visual reading and semiquantitative analysis of certain regions of the brain. These steps are time consuming, subjective and prone to error. This paper shows a fully automatic computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system for improving the accuracy in the early diagnosis of the AD. The proposed approach is based on feature selection and support vector machine (SVM) classification. The proposed system yields clear improvements over existing techniques such as the voxel as features (VAF) approach attaining a 90% AD diagnosis accuracy. © 2009 Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

关键词： Neurodegenerative diseases

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A didactic test system for thermal characterization of electric and electronic devices

A didactic test system for thermal characterization of elect...

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3rd International Multi-Conference on Society, Cybernetics and Informatics, IMSCI 2009

作者： Luna-Rodriguez, Juan-J. Santiago-Chiquero, Isabel-P. Garrido-Pacha, Jose-I. Alvarez-Ruiz, Jose-A. Varo-Martinez, Marta Martinez-Jimenez, Pilar Dept. of Computer Architecture Electronics and Electronic Technology Rabanales Campus Leonardo da Vinci Building University of Cordoba 14071-Córdobe Spain Building University of Cordoba 14071-Córdobe Spain

ISBN: (纸本)1934272795

The thermal characterization of electric and electronic devices is an important topic during the training of future electric and electronic engineers, especially in technology subjects. In the industry and accredited laboratories, the thermal tests are carried out with environmental screening process and testing systems into special chambers. However, these test systems are not usually available for didactic purposes due to mainly their acquisition and maintenance cost. Consequently, a new test system for thermal characterization in didactic laboratories has been designed. This new system is simple, intuitive, and economically viable for universities and formation centres. Students, among other aspects, can analyze how temperature affects some specific parameters of various passive and active components. In this work a didactic thermal test system is presented and its use for laboratory practicals in the studies of Industrial Technical Engineering is discussed.

关键词： Thermoelectric equipment

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Parallelization of the nearest-neighbour search and the cross-validation error evaluation for the kernel weighted k-nn algorithm applied to large data dets in matlab

Parallelization of the nearest-neighbour search and the cros...

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2009 International Conference on High Performance Computing and Simulation, HPCS '09

作者： Rubio, Gines Guillen, Alberto Pomares, Hector Rojas, Ignacio Paechter, Ben Glösekötter, Peter Torres-Ceballos, C.I. University of Granada Dept of Computer Architecture and Technology C/ Periodista Daniel Saucedo sn 18071 Granada Spain Centre for Emergent Computing School of Computing Napier University United Kingdom Dept. of Electrical Engineering and CS University of Applied Sciences Muenster Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781424449071

The kernel weighted k-nearest neighbours (KWKNN) algorithm is an efficient kernel regression method that achieves competitive results with lower computational complexity than Least-Squares Support Vector Machines and Gaussian Processes. This paper presents the parallel implementation on a cluster platform of the sequential KWKNN implemented in Matlab. This implies both the parallelization of the k nearestneighbour search and the evaluation of the crossvalidation error on a large distributed data set. The results demonstrate the good performances of the implementation. © 2009 IEEE.

关键词： Nearest neighbor search

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In-flight contingency management for unmanned aerial vehicles

In-flight contingency management for unmanned aerial vehicle...

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作者： Pastor, Enric Royo, Pablo Santamaria, Eduard Prats, Xavier Barrado, Cristina Technical University of Catalonia Barcelona Spain Computer Architecture Dept. Avda. del Canal Olímpic 15 08860 Castelldefels Spain Castelldefels School of Technology Avda. del Canal Olímpic 15 08860 Castelldefels Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9781563479717

Contingency analysis and reaction is a critical task to be carried out by any airplane to guarantee its safe operation in a non-segregated airspace. Pilot's reactions to any kind of incidences that may occur in-flight, like engine malfunctions, loss of electrical power, hydraulic failure, unexpected weather, etc, will determine the fate of the flight. Nowadays, contingency reactions are mainly driven by the airplane manufacturer, with pre-analyzed contingency scenarios covered in the airplane documentation, and by ICAO's rules as defined in the way flight plans should be prepared and landing alternatives implemented. Flight dispatching is the set of tasks related to flight preparation, such as load and balance, meteorology study and briefing, operational flight planning, contingency analysis and planning, etc. However, managing contingencies on a UAS is a much more complex problem basically due to the automated nature of the vehicle and the lack of situational awareness that pilot's in command should face. It is well known from the short history of UAS accidents that many of them are directly imputable to pilot errors when trying to manage an unexpected contingency. In this paper we will introduce an structured approach to automate contingency reactions in UAS. Our objective is to classify the contingency sources and up to a certain level abstract their impact on the system operation. Contingencies can be related to four wide aspects of the UAS operation: the flight itself, the mission, the payload, and the awareness systems. depending on the level of severity the contingency reaction may involve changing or canceling mission objectives to canceling the flight itself. In this way, the response to the contingency can be selected from a predefined limited catalog of automated reactions that may reconfigure the UAS operation in all aspects. This structured approximation is only possible because the contingency management is built upon a highly capable architecture call

关键词： Iterative methods

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An architecture for the seamless integration of UAS remote sensing missions

An architecture for the seamless integration of UAS remote s...

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作者： Pastor, E. Barrado, C. Royo, P. Lopez, J. Santamaria, E. Prats, X. Technical University of Catalonia Barcelona Spain Computer Architecture Dept. Avda. del Canal Olímpic 15 08860 Castelldefels Spain Castelldefels School of Technology Avda. del Canal Olímpic 15 08860 Castelldefels Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9781563479717

Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) are slowing becoming efficient platforms that can be applied in scientific/commercial remote sensing applications. UAS may offer interesting benefits in terms of cost, exibility, endurance, etc. On the other side, the complexity of developing a full UAS-system is currently limiting its practical application. Currently, only large organizations like NASA or NOAA have enough budget and infrastructure to develop such applications. Nowadays, UAS technology offers feasible technical solutions for airframes, flight control, communications, and a wide set of multi-spectrum sensors. However, the generalized development of remote sensing applications are still limited by the absence of systems that support the development of the actual UAS sensing mission. This paper introduces a flexible and reusable hardware/software architecture designed to facilitate the development of UAS-based remote sensing applications. This exibility is organized into an user-parameterizable UAS Service Abstraction Layer (USAL). The USAL defines a collection of standard services are their interrelations as a basic starting point for further development by users. Functionalities like enhanced flight-plans, a mission control engine, data storage, communications management, etc. are offered. Additional services can be included according to requirements but all existing services and inter-service communication infrastructure can be exploited and tailored to specific needs. The overall USAL architecture is demonstrated by means of a wild land fire remote sensing application currently being developed to support fire fighters in the Mediterranean area. Copyright © 2009 by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc.

关键词： NASA

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Mission formalism for UAS based navaid flight inspections

Mission formalism for UAS based navaid flight inspections

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作者： Santamaria, Eduard Pérez, Marc Ramírez, Jorge Barrado, Cristina Pastor, Enric Technical University of Catalonia Barcelona Spain Computer Architecture Dept. Avda. del Canal Olímpic 15 08860 Castelldefels Spain Castelldefels School of Technology Avda. del Canal Olímpic 15 08860 Castelldefels Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9781563479809

In previous work UAS have been proposed as the platform of choice for performing Navaid Flight Inspections. It is expected that the use of these platforms will significantly reduce time and monetary costs, but a number of issues must be addressed for UAS to become a real alternative. An important requirement for flight inspection missions is to minimize their impact on other air traffic. In this paper we focus on provisioning UAS with a level of operational agility comparable to that provided by a human on-board pilot. Planning to avoid conflicts, the unmanned vehicle must be able to momentarily interrupt and later on resume the inspection operations in an automated manner. In this paper we analyze the operational requirements for a specific inspection mission and design a flight plan for its execution. Afterwards, a flight plan specification formalism, that will enable us to perform the inspection mission in a highly automated manner, is presented. Finally, we demonstrate how the flight plan design is translated to a suitable representation using this formalism and how the required operational agility is achieved. Copyright © 2009 by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Inspection

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