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38th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2023

作者： Circella, M. Battista, N. Benfenati, F. Bruno, R. Buis, E.-J. Calvo, D. Chiarusi, T. Cocimano, R. Colonges, S. D’Amico, A. Díaz, A.F. Filippini, F. Henry, S. Jansweijer, P. Lindsey Clark, M. Mongelli, M. Nicolau, C. Pastore, C. Pellegrini, G. Pulvirenti, S. Real, D. Samteleben, D. Schmelling, J.-W. Sgura, I. Tatone, F. Valieri, C. Van Beveren, V. Vivolo, D. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare – Sezione di Bari Via Orabona 4 Bari70125 Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare – Sezione di Bologna V.le C. Berti-Pichat 6/2 Bologna40127 Italy Università di Bologna Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia V. le C. Berti-Pichat 6/2 Bologna40127 Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare – Sezione di Catania Via Santa Sofia 64 Catania95123 Italy TNO Technical Sciences PO Box 155 Delft2600 AD Netherlands Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics PO Box 41882 Amsterdam1009 DB Netherlands c/Catedrático José Beltrán 2 Paterna Valencia46980 Spain Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Laboratori Nazionali del Sud Via S. Sofia 62 Catania95123 Italy Université Paris Cité CNRS Astroparticule et Cosmologie ParisF-75013 France University of Granada Dept. of Computer Architecture and Technology/CITIC Granada18071 Spain Aix Marseille Univ. CNRS IN2P3 CPPM Marseille France Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare – Sezione di Roma Piazzale Aldo Moro 2 Roma00185 Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare – Sezione di Napoli Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo Via Cintia ed. G Napoli80126 Italy Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica V.le Lincoln 5 Caserta81100 Italy

The KM3NeT Collaboration is installing two neutrino telescopes at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea, ARCA and ORCA. These detectors are built in the form of very large 3D arrays of photomultipliers (PMTs) detecting the Cherenkov light induced by relativist particles propagating in the sea water. The PMTs are installed inside pressure-resistant glass spheres, the Digital Optical Modules (DOMs), each containing 31 PMTs together with the electronics for data taking and communication. Eighteen DOMs and a base module are comprised in a detection unit (DU), a structure standing on the sea bottom with a height of almost 700 m for ARCA (200 m for ORCA). For optimal performance of the detectors, a good synchronization of all parts of the detectors is required. The data acquisition system of KM3NeT has been designed based on the White Rabbit (WR) protocol. In a first phase of construction of the detectors, this has been developed in a tailored design based on a "broadcast" approach: in such scheme, the communications from the shore station to the detectors is performed by distributing the same data stream to all underwater nodes, while in the opposite path each single DOM sends data to shore through its own communication channel. For the next phase of construction, a new system has been developed, based on the standard WR protocol. This approach has some significant advantages, in terms of maintainability and scalability of the system, which are obtained with a non-negligible cost, however, since it became necessary to design tailored WR components which would meet the KM3NeT requirements and to modify the full design of the apparatus consequently. In this paper we will present and compare these two DAQ system designs. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons.

关键词： Cosmic ray detectors

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Virtual reality exploration with different head-related transfer functions 15

Virtual reality exploration with different head-related tran...

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15th Sound and Music Computing Conference, SMC 2018

作者： Sikström, Erik Geronazzo, Michele Kleimola, Jari Avanzini, Federico De Götzen, Amalia Serafin, Stefania Virsabi ApS Denmark Dept. of Architecture Design and Media Technology Aalborg University Denmark Hefio Ltd Finland Dept. of Computer Science University of Milano Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9789963697304

One of the main challenges of spatial audio rendering in headphones is the crucial work behind the personalization of the so-called head-related transfer functions (HRTFs). HRTFs capture the listener's acoustic effects allowing a personal perception of immersion in virtual reality context. This paper aims to investigate the possible benefits of personalized HRTFs that were individually selected based on anthropometric data (pinnae shapes). Personalized audio rendering was compared to a generic HRTF and a stereo sound condition. Two studies were performed;the first study consisted of a screening test aiming to evaluate the participants' localization performance with HRTFs for a non-visible spatialized audio source. The second experiment allowed the participants to freely explore a VR scene with five audiovisual sources for two minutes each, with both HRTF and stereo conditions. A questionnaire with items for spatial audio quality, presence and attention was used for the evaluation. Results indicate that audio rendering methods made no difference on responses to the questionnaire in the two minutes of a free exploration. © Proceedings of the 15th Sound and Music Computing Conference: Sonic Crossings, SMC 2018. All rights reserved.

关键词： Surveys

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Three levels of fail-safe mode in MPI I/O NVRAM distributed cache

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Procedia computer Science 2018年 136卷 52-61页

作者： Artur Malinowski Paweł Czarnul Dept. of Computer Architecture Faculty of Electronics Telecommunications and Informatics Gdańsk University of Technology Gdansk Poland

The paper presents architecture and design of three versions for fail-safe data storage in a distributed cache using NVRAM in cluster nodes. In the first one, cache consistency is assured through additional buffering write requests. The second one is based on additional write log managers running on different nodes. The third one benefits from synchronization with a Parallel File System (PFS) for saving data into a new file which allows to keep file history at the cost of space. We have shown that the three level fail-safe mode incorporating these versions does introduce minimal overhead for a random walk microbenchmark application for a 1GB file and checkpoints created every 2000 iterations, computing powers of a graph with 10000 vertices and up to 20% overhead for parallel processing of images up to 1000 megapixels compared to the basic NVRAM cache without fail-safe modes. We also presented times for checkpoint creation and restoring for sizes up to 10GBs.

关键词： NVRAM parallel MPI I/O extension fail safe distributed cache

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The IFC to linked building data converter - Current status 6

The IFC to linked building data converter - Current status

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6th Linked Data in architecture and Construction Workshop, LDAC 2018

作者： Bonduel, Mathias Oraskari, Jyrki Pauwels, Pieter Vergauwen, Maarten Klein, Ralf KU Leuven Dept. of Civil Engineering Technology Cluster Construction Ghent Belgium Aalto University Dept. of Computer Science Espoo Finland Ghent University Dept. of Architecture and Urban Planning Ghent Belgium

Several methods for creating building-related Linked Data graphs exist. This paper focuses on the conversion of IFC Building Information Models (BIM) to RDF Abox graphs using the emerging W3C Linked Building Data (LBD) modular ontologies: BOT (building topology), PRODUCT (classification of building elements) and PROPS (building-related properties). The existing IFC-to-RDF converter tool, converts IFC into ifcOWL-based Abox graphs which are rather complex and difficult to implement in software applications. The IFC-to-LBD converter presented, is necessary to transform IFC building models into RDF Abox graphs structured according the new LBD ontologies. An output graph contains the relevant information of the IFC building model related to building topology, building elements classification and building-related properties. Additionally, the graph structure becomes more concise (minimum 83 % less triples) and significantly easier to query compared to the output of the ifcOWL-based IFC-to-RDF converter. © 2018 CEUR-WS. All Rights Reserved.

关键词： Linked data

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Impact of network component temperature variation on long haul White Rabbit links

Impact of network component temperature variation on long ha...

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IEEE International Symposium on Precision Clock Synchronization for Measurement, Control and Communication, ISPCS

作者： José López-Jiménez Javier Díaz Manuel Rodríguez-Álvarez Dept. of Computer Architecture and Technology Universidad de Granada Granada Spain

This paper shows an analysis of the time offset error introduced into a highly accurate packet-based time synchronization link by the most frequently deployed long distance network components. Translating the sub-nanosecond accuracy of a White Rabbit timing link into long distance fiber communication networks is a very demanding task. With the increased distance the need for devices that keep the integrity of the signal and maintain its power across hundreds of kilometers is beyond question. Some of these devices might suffer from large disparities in their environmental conditions due to being placed in distant locations from each other, potentially varying their behavior. The results demonstrate that moderate temperature disparities can lead to timing offset errors of several nanoseconds. This outcome can be seen as the foundation laid for a series of compensation techniques to be developed in future work.

关键词： Optical fiber networks Optical fiber dispersion Optical fiber devices Rabbits Optical fibers Timing

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Fuzzy Modelling of Local Linearity in Contours

Fuzzy Modelling of Local Linearity in Contours

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IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems

作者： J. Chamorro-Martinez P. M. Martinez-Jimenez A. Garrido J. M. Soto-Hidalgo Dept. Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence University of Granada Spain Dept. Computer Architecture Electronics and Electronic Technology University of Córdoba Spain

Shape analysis, and particulary the contour study, is a fundamental task for object recognition in images. In this paper, a fuzzy approach for representing the linearity property of a contour segment is proposed. Linearity is a key property related to which degree a contour segment is a curve or a straight line;in addition, it is the basis for modelling other properties like curvature, salience or concavity/convexity. In this framework, firstly, the idea of linearity vs non-linearity, and the meaning of its fulfilment, will he analyzed. Secondly, the definition of a membership function according to that meaning will be proposed on the basis of the coefficient of determination. Finally, we will show the goodness of our proposal by analyzing linearity in a set of shapes with different characteristics.

关键词： Linearity Shape Predictive models Image segmentation Analytical models Estimation Electronic mail

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Sub-nanosecond synchronization over 1G Ethernet data links using white rabbit technologies on the WR-ZEN board 40

Sub-nanosecond synchronization over 1G Ethernet data links u...

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40th International Conference on Telecommunications and Signal Processing, TSP 2017

作者： Sánchez-Garrido, Jorge López-Antequera, Antonio Miguel Jiménez-López, Miguel Díaz, Javier Computer Architecture and Technology Dept. University of Granada Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9781509039821

he White Rabbit (WR) technology has been introduced as an enhancement and next generation of the Precision Time Protocol (PTP, IEEE 1588), providing a boost in synchronization accuracy from the usual sub-microsecond range commonly found in PTPv2-based applications, down to the much more precise sub-nanosecond range. A number of White Rabbit-capable network nodes have been developed with the goal of allowing simultaneous deterministic time transfer and regular Ethernet data traffic to coexist on the same link without significant performance degradation over fiber links spanning tens of kilometers. The first SoC-based platform amongst these nodes is the WR-ZEN board, which implements a real-time White Rabbit stack in the Programmable Logic (PL) of the Zynq-7000 SoC;and features a hardened, ARM dual-core Processing System (PS) for running an embedded Linux environment. This paper presents the work carried out to upgrade the WR-ZEN board implementation, whose peak data throughput is limited just below 70 Mbps, so that a 1 Gbps data rate can be attained without impacting the performance of the White Rabbit synchronization. This goal is fulfilled by designing additional custom logic based on the Xilinx AXI DMA core, as well as an updated Linux network driver. This enhancement allows the widespread deployment of the WR-ZEN for major scientific infrastructure projects that require high-speed data transmission and deterministic timing transfer, as is the case of telescope arrays. Lastly, experimental results are presented comparing the synchronization performance of a baseline PTP-based setup to that achieved on the enhanced WR-ZEN board in the presence of high throughput data traffic. Conclusions are drawn and potential scientific and industrial applications that tap this increased bandwidth with deterministic timing transfer are discussed. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： Synchronization

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Joint direct estimation of 3D geometry and 3D motion using spatio temporal gradients

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Barranco, Francisco Fermüller, Cornelia Aloimonos, Yiannis Ros, Eduardo Dept. of Computer Architecture and Technology CITIC University of Granada Spain Dept. of Computer Science UMIACS University of Maryland College ParkMD United States

Conventional image motion based structure from motion methods first compute optical flow, then solve for the 3D motion parameters based on the epipolar constraint, and finally recover the 3D geometry of the scene. However, errors in optical flow due to regularization can lead to large errors in 3D motion and structure. This paper investigates whether performance and consistency can be improved by avoiding optical flow estimation in the early stages of the structure from motion pipeline, and it proposes a new direct method based on image gradients (normal flow) only. The main idea lies in a reformulation of the positive-depth constraint, which allows the use of well-known minimization techniques to solve for 3D motion. The 3D motion estimate is then refined and structure estimated adding a regularization based on depth. Experimental comparisons on standard synthetic datasets and the real-world driving benchmark dataset KITTI using three different optic flow algorithms show that the method achieves better accuracy in all but one case. Furthermore, it outperforms existing normal flow based 3D motion estimation techniques. Finally, the recovered 3D geometry is shown to be also very accurate. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Optical flows

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Text Mining for Educational Literature on Big Data with Hadoop

Text Mining for Educational Literature on Big Data with Hado...

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IEEE International Conference on Smart Cloud (SmartCloud)

作者： Haoge Wang Quanyu Wang Wenming Wang Software Architecture and Big Data dept. of Computer Science Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China

With the development of the information era, the application of big data technology in education has become more and more extensive. This article adopts the Hadoop platform to conduct parallel mining of educational literature on big data. The paper has analyzed the main function of text mining technology, combined Canopy and K-Means algorithm to analyze and research the educational big data literature, learned about the application of big data technology in the field of education in order to provide its services for the construction of "World-class universities and first-class disciplines" and make a contribution to the development of education.

关键词： Big Data Education Text mining Clustering algorithms Computational modeling Software architecture

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Optimization of Massive Connections in 5G Networks for IoT

Optimization of Massive Connections in 5G Networks for IoT

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International Conference on Internet of Things: Systems, Management and Security

作者： Pablo H. Zapata Cano Alejandro Ramirez-Arroyo Francisco Luna Valero Antonio Valenzuela-Valdés Pedro A. Castillo-Valdivieso Juan Fco. Valenzuela Valdés Dept. Lenguajes y Ciencias de la Computación Universidad de Málaga Spain Dept. of Signal Theory Universidad de Granada-CITIC Spain Dept. of Architecture and Computer Technology Universidad de Granada-CITIC Spain CITIC Universidad de Granada Granada Spain

The expected traffic demands for the coming years requires a major technology development. Indeed, from 2017 to 2022, the global annual traffic growth is estimated to reach 220%. This annual growth leads in turn to an increase in the number of users connected to IP networks, going from 2.4 to 3.6 devices connected per person. Currently, 4G networks are capable of handling this load, but the irruption of the 5G breakthroughs, expected to be at full operation by 2020, is visible. However, 5G technologies may come along with a considerable power consumption if they are not devised properly. As a consequence, a key issue in the developing of these networks is to make them energetically sustainable. In this work, a preliminary study of the optimization of various aspects of the 5G system is presented. It addresses the configuration of the different basic parameters of the system and optimizes the power transmitted by the base stations to obtain simultaneous improvements in system capacity and its power consumption for a massive connections scenario. To the best of our knowledge, this is the very first time this type of 5G scenario is optimized with these two performance criteria.

关键词： 5G mobile communication Optimization Planning Interference Signal to noise ratio Power demand Base stations

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