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2023 International Multi-Disciplinary Conference in Emerging Research Trends, IMCERT 2023

作者： Muneer, Muhammad Shahbaz Nabeel Mustafa, Syed Muhammad Zehra, Syeda Sundus Maqsood, Haniya NED University of Engineering and Technology Dpertment of Computational Finance Karachi Pakistan Sir Syed Uuniversity of Engineering and Technology Dept. of Software Engineering Karachi Pakistan NED University of Engineering and Technology Department of Computer and Information Systems Engineering Karachi Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350347708

Climate is rapidly changing around the world. Over time, there have been significant changes in the weather. Rainfall is now erratic due to climate change. The frequency of extreme weather events like droughts and floods has increased due to climate change, necessitating the need for more precise and timely rainfall forecasts. For strategic reasons including agriculture, water resource management, and architectural design, rain forecasting is crucial. The naturally occurring non-stationary component in the rainfall time series impairs model performance for practical hydrologists and drought risk assessors. We present a rain predicting model based on machine learning to address the forecasting issue. In our work, we predict the possibility of rain the next day on the basis of last 10 years' data. The variables that were calculated during the experiments were humidity, pressure, evaporation, sunshine, rainfall, and so on. Random Forest gave the 90% accuracy with 0.904 Area under Curve, highest out of all the algorithms. The model's performance will significantly aid in the rain forecast. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Rain

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Enhanced Federated RL with NEAT, Markov Chains, and Gaussian Processes

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Procedia computer Science 2025年 260卷 742-751页

作者： Robert McMenemy Kallinatha H D Hamsaveni M Sachin D N Software Engineer Independent Researcher Glasgow Area Scotland UK Dept of Computer Science and Engineering Siddaganga Institute of Technology Tumakuru India Dept of Computer Science and Engineering Vidyavardhaka College of Engineering Mysuru India

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a machine learning approach in which an agent learns to make decisions in an environment to maximize a cumulative reward. When combined with NeuroEvolution of Augmenting Topologies (NEAT), RL offers several advantages. NEAT is a genetic algorithm that optimizes the development of artificial neural networks by modifying both their structure and weights. When integrated with RL, NEAT can improve the learning process by merging evolutionary optimization with RL techniques. NEAT has demonstrated significant potential in evolving neural networks for RL tasks. However, traditional centralized training methods encounter scalability and data privacy issues. This paper investigates the integration of NEAT with Federated Learning (FL) and its enhancement with Markov Chains and Gaussian Processes to address certain issues. We propose a new framework that combines NEAT for neural network evolution with TensorFlow Federated (TFF) for decentralized training across multiple clients. Our approach is assessed using the BipedalWalker-v3 environment from OpenAI Gym. The experimental results show that our federated NEAT framework, augmented with Markov Chains and Gaussian Processes, achieves competitive performance while maintaining data privacy and reducing computational overhead on central servers. Additionally, we implement parallelization techniques using concurrent futures to enhance the efficiency of NEAT generations.

关键词： Federated Learning NEAT Reinforcement Learning TensorFlow Federated NeuroEvolution Privacy Decentralized Training Parallelization Markov Chains Gaussian Processes

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software Code De-Compilation Techniques and Approaches: A Comparative Study 25

Software Code De-Compilation Techniques and Approaches: A Co...

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25th International Arab Conference on Information Technology, ACIT 2024

作者： Fawareh, Hamed Al-Smadi, Yazan Hassan, Mohammad Fawareh, Faid AlNoor Elrashidi, Ali Zarqa University Dept. of Software Engineering Jordan Zarqa University Dept. of Computer Science Jordan Zarqa University Dept. Of Mathmitical Science Jordan University of Business and Technology Dept. of Electrical Engineering Jeddah21432 Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331540012

De-compilation is the process of executable files as input where the de-compilation process tries to get away the source code, or the majority of it, if the file's source code is lost or damaged for whatever cause. De-compilation has many uses such as code recovery, security testing, and errors corrections, however, de-compilation is cautious since it depends on certain approaches and techniques. Nowadays de-compilation done by many automated and semi-automated tools, but the accuracy and the efficiency of it depend on the proposed approaches and techniques to stand in front of reengineering challenges. This paper aims to highlight up-to-date prior contributions in the field where 8 published research papers from May 2020 until May 2023 were collected to investigate the state-of-art. As a result, some of the researchers tend to develop their own tools and others tend to use popular automated with different approaches and techniques where the majority of the researchers focused on C, C++, and JAVA programming languages where 50% were de-compilation on C language. © 2024 IEEE.

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PLCD: Policy Learning for Capped Service Mobility Downtime 32

PLCD: Policy Learning for Capped Service Mobility Downtime

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32nd International Conference on computer Communications and Networks, ICCCN 2023

作者： Mwasinga, Lusungu J. Raza, Syed M. Le, Duc-Tai Kim, Moonseong Choo, Hyunseung Sungkyunkwan University Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Suwon Korea Republic of Sungkyunkwan University Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Suwon Korea Republic of Seoul Theological University Dept. of It Convergence Software Bucheon Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798350336184

Service mobility in Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) paradigm is necessary to provide ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communications for the erratically roaming MEC users. It involves relocation of containerized application services to a strategically selected optimal edge host. During relocation, service containers are unavailable (downtime), resulting in the interruption of ongoing user sessions and increased operational expenses for the network operator. Prolonged service downtime degrades perceived quality of experience for users, and this study handles this problem by proposing a downtime-aware Policy Learning based Capped Downtime (PLCD) service mobility strategy. It exploits Deep Actor-Critic prowess for effectively deciding when and where to relocate a containerized application service while taking user mobility and MEC server resource fluctuations into account. Efficacy of the proposed PLCD strategy is confirmed through simulation experiments, and results indicate over 90% average reduction in service downtime comparing to a baseline scheme. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Unveiling the Arsenal of User Data Protection Tools and Practices 1

Unveiling the Arsenal of User Data Protection Tools and Prac...

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1st IEEE Karachi Section Humanitarian Technology Conference, Khi-HTC 2024

作者： Moiz, Syed Abro, Abdul Ahad Ebrahim, Mansoor Abro, Abdul Basit Iqra University Main Campus Dept. of Computer Science Karachi Pakistan Iqra University Main Campus Dept. of Software Engineering Karachi Pakistan Indus University Dept. of Computer Science Karachi Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350373042

In our rapidly evolving digital landscape, the imperative of safeguarding personal data has surged in significance. As lives increasingly intertwine with digital technologies, personal information has grown markedly, parallel to the escalating threats posed by cyberattacks and data breaches. This research paper provides a comprehensive exploration of data security and privacy, aiming to impart a profound understanding of the intrinsic value of data. It meticulously examines essential methodologies such as encryption, access control, multifactor authentication, and systems, all of which collectively form the bedrock of a resilient security framework. Additionally, this study delves into the intricate regulatory landscape that governs data protection, placing particular emphasis on well-established frameworks such as the General Data Protection Regulation and the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act. It highlights emergent trends in data security, including the integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning for threat detection, while also addressing the distinctive challenges posed by the proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices. In conclusion, this paper underscores the paramount importance of personal data protection in our digital age, offering invaluable insights and guidance for organizations and individuals endeavoring to bolster their defenses and uphold data integrity within our interconnected world. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Data privacy

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Enhanced Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted Images by Pixel Shifting 16

Enhanced Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted Images by Pixel...

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2024 16th International Conference on Graphics and Image Processing, ICGIP 2024

作者： Yang, Ching-Nung Lu, Yu-Quan Liu, Shu-Yu Xiong, Lizhi Dept. of Computer Sci. and Inf. Engineering National Dong Hwa University Hualien Taiwan School of Computer and Software Nanjing University of Inf. Sci. & Technology Nanjing China

ISBN: (数字)9781510688780

ISBN: (纸本)9781510688773

Reversible data hiding (RDH) is one special type of data hiding, and is widely used for many intended applications. Moreover, to protect the cover image, RDH in encrypted image (RDHEI) is accordingly proposed. With the reversibility and hiding data in encrypted image, RDHEI has potential utility in fields such as military and medical image transmission, and forensic analysis. Recently, Panchikkil et al. propose a RDHEI by using pixel swapping (RDHE-PSW) to swap some pixels in a block. The pixel swapping does not change pixel values, and thus Panchikkil et al.’s RDHEI-PSW can retain entropy and histogram. The smoothness of a block is calculated to extract the hidden bits and meantime recover the cover image. Panchikkil et al.’s RDHEI-PSW only hides two secret bits in every block. Recently, Kim et al. use pixel shifting (PSH), a circular right shift on a block, instead of pixel swapping to propose a RDHEI-PSH. In this paper, we still adopt PSH approach but use it in a different way (a modified PSH) to propose an enhanced RDHEI-PSH with a higher embedding capacity than Kim et al.’s RDHEI-PSH. Our enhanced RDHEI-PSH double the patterns on a block, on which we can embed more secret bits. Experimental results demonstrate that our enhanced RDHEI-PSH surpasses Panchikkil et al.’s RDHEI-PSW and Kim et al.’s RDHEI-PSH. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Military photography

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Cybersecurity and Privacy Attacks Detection in IoT Networks with Improved Data engineering and Machine Learning Methods 9

Cybersecurity and Privacy Attacks Detection in IoT Networks ...

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9th IEEE International Conference on Big Data Computing Service and Applications, BigDataService 2023

作者： Elmazi, Donald Karras, Dimitrios A. Alkholidi, Abdulsalam Capari, Klea Faculty of Engineering Dept. of Electronics and Telecommunications Tirana Albania Dept. S/W Engineering Tirana Albania Dept. General School of Science Athens Greece Tirana Albania Faculty of Engineering Sana'a University Yemen University of Rijeka Faculty of Engineering Dept. of Computer Engineering Croatia Faculty of Engineering Cit Dept. of Software Engineering Tirana Albania

ISBN: (纸本)9798350333794

Presently, the global proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices and applications has accelerated owing to their advantages in enhancing the business and industrial environment, as well as the daily lives of individuals. Nevertheless, IoT devices are vulnerable to malevolent network traffic, which can lead to undesirable outcomes and disrupt the operation of IoT devices. Consequently, it is imperative to devise a screening method for network traffic to identify and categorize malicious activity and reduce its harmful effects. In this regard, the present study proposes a framework and thoroughly compares single and ensemble machine learning models that are using predictive analytics to detect and classify network activity in an IoT network. Specifically, our framework and models distinguish between normal and anomalous network activity. Furthermore, network traffic is classified into eight categories, normal, denial of service (DoS) attack, Scan attack, Data Type Probing, Malicious Operation, Malicious Control, Spying attack and Wrong Setup based attack. The special focus of this paper is in identifying privacy related attacks in comparison with main cybersecurity related ones. Several supervised machine learning models have been herein implemented to characterize their performance in detecting and classifying network activities for IoT Networks based on the ensemble learning framework as well as on the single learning machines framework. Moreover, classifiers based on the statistical learning theory framework are herein involved too, including hybrid Bayesian theory models, decision trees (DT) and the ordinal Learning Modelling approach. The statistical pattern recognition based models as well as all supervised learning machines models have been evaluated on a broad benchmark dataset for IoT attacks. Besides, an improved data engineering feature processing model has been applied to the dataset under consideration to improve the accuracy of all models under co

关键词： Internet of things

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Visualizing the Path of a Photo Taker from Image Metadata 4

Visualizing the Path of a Photo Taker from Image Metadata

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4th International Informatics and software engineering Conference, IISEC 2023

作者： Majid, Rasty Shakhawan Varol, Cihan Varol, Asaf Nasab, Ahad Firat University Department of Software Engineering Erbil Iraq Sam Houston State University Computer Science Department HuntsvilleTX United States College of Engineering and Computer Science Dept. of Engineering Management and Technology ChattanoogaTN United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350318036

One of the most challenging investigations in forensic analysis is the work conducted on smartphones. Specifically using smartphone data to provide evidence for a case is becoming a norm nowadays. Many Android device applications use and work with location services that assist investigators in working with log files that store valuable information. Images captured on Android devices will save geolocation information, date, and time in the properties. In this work, a tool is developed to acquire the date and geolocation for each taken photo so that the path of the photo taker can be displayed on Google Maps. The work showed that the application can take about 4 and a half seconds to process four images and display the map to the investigator. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Metadata

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Dynamic View Synthesis of Thin Structures with Short-term Movements from Monocular Videos Using Neural Radiance Fields 25

Dynamic View Synthesis of Thin Structures with Short-term Mo...

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25th International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications, DICTA 2024

作者： Rajapaksha, Uchitha Laga, Hamid Diepeveen, Dean Bennamoun, Mohammed Sohel, Ferdous School of Information Technology Murdoch University MurdochWA Australia The University of Western Australia Dept. of Computer Science and Software Engineering CrawleyWA Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350379037

Learning to generate motions of thin structures such as plant leaves in dynamic view synthesis is challenging. This is because thin structures usually undergo small but fast, non-rigid motions as they interact with air and wind. When given a set of RGB images or videos of a scene with moving thin structures as input, existing methods that map the scene to its corresponding canonical space for rendering novel views fail as the object movements are too subtle compared to the background. Disentangling the objects with thin parts from the background scene is also challenging when the parts show fast and rapid motions. To address these issues, we propose a Neural Radiance Field (NeRF)-based framework that accurately reconstructs thin structures such as leaves and captures their subtle, fast motions. The framework learns the geometry of a scene by mapping the dynamic images to a canonical scene in which the scene remains static. We propose a ray masking network to further decompose the canonical scene into foreground and background, thus enabling the network to focus more on foreground movements. We conducted experiments using a dataset containing thin structures such as leaves and petals, which include image sequences collected by us and one public image sequence. Experiments show superior results compared to existing methods. Video outputs are available at https://***/. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Rendering (computer graphics)

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Faceswap Deepfakes Detection using Novel Multi-directional Hexadecimal Feature Descriptor 19

Faceswap Deepfakes Detection using Novel Multi-directional H...

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19th International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences and Technology, IBCAST 2022

作者： Qurat-Ul-Ain Javed, Ali Mahmood Malik, Khalid University of Engineering and Technology Dept. of Computer Science Taxila Pakistan University of Engineering and Technology Dept. of Software Engineering Taxila Pakistan Oakland University Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering United States

ISBN: (数字)9781665460514

ISBN: (纸本)9781665460514

With the growing number of sophisticated deep learning algorithms and fake video generation applications, it is now possible to create highly realistic deepfake videos. Faceswap is the most commonly employed deepfakes approach, which is challenging to detect due to variations in the facial skin tone, illumination conditions, presence of accessories like glasses on the face, compression artifacts, etc. Existing local texture descriptors have achieved better performance on face recognition applications;however, they compute only the limited directional information while ignoring the magnitude details. This motivated us to develop a robust local texture descriptor to extract more directional and magnitude details from the adjacent pixels to effectively represent the video frames. For this purpose, we proposed a robust multi-directional hexadecimal feature descriptor (MDHFD) by combining the local hexadecimal pattern (LHeXDP) and Local Adjacent Neighborhood Magnitude Pattern (LANMP). LHeXDP calculates the orientation-based pattern by computing 1st- and 2nd-order derivatives at 0°, 45°, 90°, and 135° angles from each center pixel. LANMP computes the magnitude information from each central pixel to its adjacent pixels in horizontal, vertical, diagonal, and diagonal-back directions. Histograms of both the LHeXDP and LANMP are fused to compute a multi-directional feature vector, which is used to train a support vector machine to classify between the original or faceswap deepfakes video. We measured the performance of our system on the challenging faceswap subset of a diverse and large-scale Face Forensic++ and World Leaders datasets. Experimental results illustrate that the proposed method outperforms state-of-art methods for the detection of faceswap deepfakes. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Pixels

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