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An integrated verification environment for JML: Architecture and early results

An integrated verification environment for JML: Architecture...

ESEC/FSE 2007: 6th Joint Meeting - Sixth International Workshop on Specification and Verification of Component-Based Systems, SAVCBS 2007

作者： Chalin, Patrice James, Perry R. Karabotsos, George Dependable Software Research Group Dept. of Computer Science and Software Engineering Concordia University Montréal Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781595937216

Tool support for the Java Modeling Language (JML) is a very pressing problem. A main issue with current tools is their architecture: the cost of keeping up with the evolution of Java is prohibitively high: e.g., almost three years following its release, Java 5 has yet to be fully supported. This paper presents the architecture of JML4, an Integrated Verification Environment (IVE) for JML that builds upon Eclipse's support for Java, enhancing it with Extended Static Checking (ESC), an early form of Runtime Assertion Checking (RAC) and JML's non-null type system. Early results indicate that the synergy of complementary verification techniques (being made available within a single tool) can help developers be more effective;we demonstrate new bugs uncovered in JML annotated Java source - -like ESC/Java2 - -which is routinely verified using first generation JML tools. Copyright 2007 ACM.

关键词： Java programming language

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Partially lexicalized parsing model utilizing rich features 8

Partially lexicalized parsing model utilizing rich features

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8th International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, ICSLP 2004

作者： Park, So-Young Kwak, Yong-Jae Lim, Joon-Ho Rim, Hae-Chang Kim, Soo-Hong Dept. of Computer Science Engineering Korea University Korea Republic of Dept. of Computer Software Engineering Sangmyung University Korea Republic of

In this paper, we propose a partially lexicalized parsing model utilizing rich features to improve the parsing ability and reduce the parsing cost. In order to disambiguate parse trees effectively, it employs several useful features such as a syntactic label feature, a content feature, a functional feature, and a size feature. Besides, it is partially lexicalized so as to reduce the parsing cost closely connected with lexical information. Moreover, it is designed to be suitable for representing word order variation and constituent ellipsis in Korean sentences. Experimental results show that the proposed parsing model using more features performs better although it less depends on lexical information.

关键词： Syntactics

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An RFID and particle filter-based indoor spatial query evaluation system

An RFID and particle filter-based indoor spatial query evalu...

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16th International Conference on Extending Database Technology, EDBT 2013

作者： Yu, Jiao Ku, Wei-Shinn Sun, Min-Te Lu, Hua Dept. of Computer Science and Software Engineering Auburn University United States Dept. of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Central University Taiwan Dept. of Computer Science Aalborg University Denmark

ISBN: (纸本)9781450315975

People spend a significant amount of time in indoor spaces (e.g., office buildings, subway systems, etc.) in their daily lives. Therefore, it is important to develop efficient indoor spatial query algorithms for supporting various location-based applications. However, indoor spaces differ from outdoor spaces because users have to follow the indoor floor plan for their movements. In addition, positioning in indoor environments is mainly based on sensing devices (e.g., RFID readers) rather than GPS devices. Consequently, we cannot apply existing spatial query evaluation techniques devised for outdoor environments for this new challenge. Because particle filters can be employed to estimate the state of a system that changes over time using a sequence of noisy measurements made on the system, in this research, we propose the particle filter-based location inference method as the basis for evaluating indoor spatial queries with noisy RFID raw data. Furthermore, two novel models, indoor walking graph model and anchor point indexing model, are created for tracking object locations in indoor environments. Based on the inference method and tracking models, we develop innovative indoor range and k nearest neighbor (kNN) query algorithms. We validate our solution through extensive simulations with real-world parameters. Our experimental results show that the proposed algorithms can evaluate indoor spatial queries effectively and efficiently. © 2013 ACM.

关键词： Radio frequency identification (RFID)

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Large language model-driven probabilistic trajectory prediction in the Internet of Things using spatio-temporal encoding and normalizing flows

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Digital Communications and Networks 2025年

作者： Xiaoliang Wang Liming Xu Lian Zhou Yuzhen Liu Neal Xiong Kuan-Ching Li School of Computer Science and Engineering Hunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan 411201 China Sanya Institute of Hunan University of Science and Technology Sanya 572024 China Hunan Key Laboratory for Service Computing and Novel Software Technology Xiangtan 411201 China Department of Computer Mathematical and Physical Sciences Sul Ross State University Alpine TX 79830 USA Dept of Computer Science and Information Engineering Providence University Taichung 43301 Taiwan Republic of China

The convergence of the Internet of Things (IoT) and foundation models, particularly Large Language Models (LLMs), heralds a new era of intelligent and adaptive systems. This investigation explores the integration of LLMs and IoT for probabilistic vehicle trajectory prediction, a critical component in autonomous driving. Traditional deterministic models often fail to capture the complexity and uncertainty of real-world driving environments. To address these limitations, we propose an innovative approach that leverages LLM-driven spatio-temporal encoding and normalizing flows. The proposed method extracts latent motion patterns from historical trajectory data using LLMs, providing a nuanced understanding of vehicle dynamics. Advanced spatio-temporal encoders are employed for comprehensive feature extraction, capturing temporal dependencies and spatial relationships. Additionally, scaled dot-product attention is utilized for effective multimodal feature fusion, enhancing the integration of diverse data sources. The normalizing flows framework enhances the model's ability to capture complex, multimodal probability distributions of future trajectories by constructing an invertible transformation network. The network systematically maps simple base distributions to intricate target distributions through reversible transformations, significantly improving prediction accuracy. Evaluation of the nuScenes dataset demonstrates substantial improvements over existing methods. The results underscore the model's capability to generate diverse and realistic trajectory distributions, paving the way for safer and more efficient autonomous driving systems.

关键词： Internet of things Large language models Normalizing flows Spatio-temporal encoding Trajectory prediction

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A Systematic Review on Pattern-based GUI Testing of Android and Web Apps: State-of-the-Art, Taxonomy, Challenges and Future Directions 25

A Systematic Review on Pattern-based GUI Testing of Android ...

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25th International Multi Topic Conference, INMIC 2023

作者： Kousar, Ambreen Khan, Saif Ur Rehman Hussain, Shahid Abdul Basit Ur Rahim, M. Wang, Wen-Li Ibrahim, Naseem Comsats University Islamabad Dept of Computer Science Islamabad Pakistan Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University Dept. of Software Engineering Islamabad Pakistan Penn State University Behrend School of Computer Science and Software Engineering Pennsylvania16563 United States California State University Dept. of Computer Engineering and Computer Science Long Beach United States Penn State Erie Dept. of Computer Science and Software Engineering United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350317701

Graphical User Interface (GUI) designing and testing of different applications is significant from a user point of view. GUI testing ensures that the user interface of apps is visually appealing, user-friendly, and enhances user satisfaction. Pattern-Based GUI Testing (PBGT) is a new model-based testing approach that aims to enhance reusability while reducing the workload associated with modeling user interfaces and testing applications. The objective of conducting a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) on pattern-based GUI testing is to consolidate existing knowledge and provide insights for improving the effectiveness of PBGT methods. The objectives of conducting an SLR are the identification of current state-of-the-art approaches and tools in the targeted research context. To accomplish the mentioned objectives, A hybrid methodology combining Kitchenham's SLR and PRISMA guidelines was used to conduct this SLR. We performed a keyword-based search on well-known databases IEEE, ACM, science Direct, Wiley, and Springer Link to determine the potential studies published in the last 10 years. Following a comprehensive systematic analysis, we identified a total of twenty-four studies employing varied approaches for pattern-based GUI testing. Additionally, we identified 11 tools that have been used and proposed in PBGT for Android and web apps and made a taxonomy of tools. We also identified challenges and research directions. The implications of this study are significant. The current study is helpful for researchers intending to work in pattern-based GUI testing. The comprehensive knowledge about the current state-of-the-art Tools, techniques, and approaches will help practitioners to effectively apply them in industry and enable researchers to extend their work in this context in future research. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Graphical user interfaces

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Simulation-based verification of avionic systems deployed on IMA architectures

Simulation-based verification of avionic systems deployed on...

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MoDELS 2015 Demo and Poster Session, MoDELS P and D 2015

作者： Robati, Tiyam El Kouhen, Amine Gherbi, Abdelouahed Mullins, John Dept. of Software and IT Engineering École de Technologie Suprieure Canada Dept. of Engineering and Computer Science Concordia University Canada Dept. of Computer and Software Engineering École Polytechnique de Montreal Canada

To build reliable avionic applications, we interconnect Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) architectures with Time-Triggered Ethernet (TT-Ethernet). These systems have direct impacts on human lives where the failure is unacceptable. Therefore, verification is an important issue to ensure the safety and the performance of the system. The integration of IMA architectures is a very complex and challenging engineering task. To cope with complexity and to perform verification, a model-based approach, which endows engineering teams with a methodology and an adequate tooling is of a paramount importance. To design IMA architectures interconnected with TT-Ethernet, we have proposed an extension of the AADL language in previous works. In this paper, we present a simulation-based verification of our extension and show how it can be simulated using a discrete event simulation environment called DEVS Suite. The main advantage of this technique is to perform cycle-accurate simulation of the complex avionics systems, which cannot be undertaken by model checking techniques. The tool demonstration video is available at: http://***/hwgN-a-7rzw. © Copyright 2015 for the individual papers by the papers' authors.

关键词： Discrete event simulation

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Neighboring Zipcodes -- with a new distance mapping method for better accuracy 13

Neighboring Zipcodes -- with a new distance mapping method f...

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13th IEEE International Conference on Networking, Sensing, and Control (ICNSC)

作者： Apgar, Jordan Yu, Cui Dept. Computer Science and Software Engineering Monmouth University West Long Branch NJ United States

SaA1.5

ISBN: (纸本)9781467399753

SaA1.5

关键词： distance nearest neighbor search zip code

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A technique for using model checkers to teach formal specifications

A technique for using model checkers to teach formal specifi...

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21st Conference on software engineering Education and Training

作者： Salamah, Salamah Gates, Ann Q. Computer and Software Engineering Dept. Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Computer Science Dept. University of Texas El Paso United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780769531441

The difficulty of writing, reading, and understanding formal specifications is one of the main obstacles in adopting formal verification techniques such as model checking and runtime verification. Introducing concepts in formal methods in an undergraduate program is essential for training a workforce that can develop and test high-assurance systems. This paper presents educational outcomes and outlines an instructive component that can be used in an undergraduate course to teach formal approaches and languages. The component uses a model checker and a specification tool to teach Linear Temporal Logic (LTL), a specification language that is widely used in a variety of verification tools. The paper also introduces a novel technique that analyzes LTL specifications by using the SPIN model checker to elucidate the behaviors accepted by the specifications.

关键词： Formal specification

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An Effective Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) based Intrusion Detection via Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory

An Effective Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) based Intrusion ...

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2021 International Conference on Intelligent Technologies, CONIT 2021

作者： Sivamohan, S. Sridhar, S.S. Krishnaveni, S. Dept of Computer Science and Engineering SRMIST Kattankulathur Chennai India Dept of Software Engineering SRMIST Kattankulathur Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9781728185835

The evolution of communication and information systems has raised the volume of data distributed through the internet. As an effect, a majority of digital resources have been increased, so does the challenge of cybersecurity. Intrusion detection systems (IDSs) are closely connected to a holistic approach for preventing cyberattacks. Due to the high utilization of network traffic in the cyber world, conventional machine learning approaches used in intrusion detection systems are becomes ineffective. Recently evolved deep learning techniques are successfully applied in the detection and classification of threats at both the network and host levels, with a focus on deep learning. This study proposed an efficient IDS based on Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) via Bi-directional Long Short- Term Memory (RNN BiLSTM). The strategy uses a two-step mechanism to develop the expertise of the suggested solution to address network problems. This research aims to determine the algorithm's processing time and increase attack classification accuracy. The proposed model was evaluated on the CICIDS2017 intrusion detection dataset. The Random forest and Principal component analysis algorithms were used to detecting the valuable features and eliminating the unwanted features from the given dataset. The findings revealed that BLSTM outperform all other RNN architectures in terms of classification accura 98.48%. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Long short-term memory

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User-friendly calibration tool for temperature measurements of PCR devices with NTC thermistors

International Journal of Control and Automation

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International Journal of Control and Automation 2015年第7期8卷 13-24页

作者： Lee, Wan Yeon Kim, Tong Min Kim, Min Ja Ko, Young Woong Kim, Jong Dae Department of Computer Science Dongduk Women's University Seoul Korea Republic of Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Korea University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Computer engineering Hallym University Chunchon Korea Republic of Department of Convergence Software Hallym University Chunchon Korea Republic of

In this paper, we propose a user-friendly tool that calibrates the coefficient variables of Steinhart-Hart equation used for the temperature measurement of NTC thermistor. The proposed tool provides automatic modification of the coefficient variables only with temperature measurement, whereas the legacy process requires manual modification of the coefficient variables with temperature and resistance measurements. For user convenience, the proposed tool is implemented with a user-friendly GUI program. The tool is applied to 4-points temperature measurements of PCR devices. In accuracy evaluation, the proposed tool yields a precision of ±0.1°C. © 2015 SERSC.

关键词： Temperature measurement

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