The redox steam-iron process, which has been discovered in the early 1900's, was finally abandoned because the degradation of the iron oxide ores within a few cycles. Recently, this process has been reconsidered, ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9789604742271
The redox steam-iron process, which has been discovered in the early 1900's, was finally abandoned because the degradation of the iron oxide ores within a few cycles. Recently, this process has been reconsidered, due to the necessity to yield cheap and pure hydrogen. In this article, we introduce a related but improved technology. At the first stage, the inlet iron oxide for the steam-iron process is the hematite, which has to be reduced to metallic iron in a gasifier called HG, by using syngas from coke (or cellulose). The hydrogen is then produced in a cyclic process, based upon the reduction of metallic iron by means of steam. At the second stage, another hematite, at any granulation, is reduced to iron powder in a reactor called IPR, at about 570°C by using the hydrogen of HG.
The last six years has seen Moore's Law continue to produce incredible gains in computational power. Indeed, the November, 2007 list of the top ten fastest supercomputers in the world contained no machines with ac...
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We propose an approach to synthesize control protocols for autonomous systems that account for uncertainties and imperfections in interactions with human operators. As an illustrative example, we consider a scenario i...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781450334556
We propose an approach to synthesize control protocols for autonomous systems that account for uncertainties and imperfections in interactions with human operators. As an illustrative example, we consider a scenario involving road network surveillance by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) that is controlled remotely by a human operator but also has a certain degree of autonomy. Depending on the type (i.e., probabilistic and/or nondeterministic) of knowledge about the uncertainties and imperfections in the operator- Autonomy interactions, we use abstractions based on Markov- decision processes and augment these models to stochastic two-player games. Our approach enables the synthesis of operator-dependent optimal mission plans for the UAV, highlighting the effects of operator characteristics (e.g., workload. proficiency, and fatigue) 011 UAV mission performance;it can also provide informative feedback (e.g., Pareto curves showing the trade-offs between multiple mission objectives), potentially assisting the operator in decision-making.
Industrial process control IP networks support communications between process control applications and devices. Communication faults in any stage of these control networks can cause delays or even shutdown of the enti...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783540758525
Industrial process control IP networks support communications between process control applications and devices. Communication faults in any stage of these control networks can cause delays or even shutdown of the entire manufacturing process. The current process of detecting and diagnosing communication faults is mostly manual and limited to post-reaction of user complaints which are followed by noticeable process malfunctioning. This paper identifies control network specific failures and their symptoms for early detection
In this paper we study state-space realizations of Linear and Time-Invariant (LTI) systems. Motivated by biochemical reaction networks, Gonçalves and Warnick have recently introduced the notion of a Dynamical Str...
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This paper presents the results obtained by visual predictive control laws in real-time visual servoing architectures. A key role when designing a stable image based control law is played by the visual features, and t...
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We introduce a novel distributed control architecture for disturbances attenuation in heterogeneous platoons of linear and time-invariant autonomous agents that inherits the performance achievable by the leader-follow...
This paper deals with the use of the Chebyshev-Padé approximation (CP) in order to achieve accurate direct discrete-time approximations to the fractional-order differentiator/integrator. It is shown how, for a gi...
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This paper deals with the use of the Chebyshev-Padé approximation (CP) in order to achieve accurate direct discrete-time approximations to the fractional-order differentiator/integrator. It is shown how, for a given order of the transfer functions, CP is much more accurate at low frequencies than the continued fraction expansion (CFE). Furthermore, CP can be more accurate than a CFE approximation of a higher order.
This paper proposes a design framework for robust control system design. The approach is based on improving the robustness of a previously existing controller instead of the design of a Robust controller: therefore th...
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In the Asymmetric Traveling Salesperson Problem (ATSP) the goal is to find a closed walk of minimum cost in a directed graph visiting every vertex. We consider the approximability of ATSP on topologically restricted g...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783959770187
In the Asymmetric Traveling Salesperson Problem (ATSP) the goal is to find a closed walk of minimum cost in a directed graph visiting every vertex. We consider the approximability of ATSP on topologically restricted graphs. It has been shown by Oveis Gharan and Saberi [13] that there exists polynomial-Time constant-factor approximations on planar graphs and more generally graphs of constant orientable genus. This result was extended to non-orientable genus by Erickson and Sidiropoulos [8]. We show that for any class of nearly-embeddable graphs, ATSP admits a polynomial-Time constant-factor approximation. More precisely, we show that for any fixed k κ 0, there exist α β > 0, such that ATSP on n-vertex k-nearly-embeddable graphs admits an-Approximation in time O(n). The class of k-nearly-embeddable graphs contains graphs with at most κ apices, κ vortices of width at most k, and an underlying surface of either orientable or non-orientable genus at most κ. Prior to our work, even the case of graphs with a single apex was open. Our algorithm combines tools from rounding the Held-Karp LP via thin trees with dynamic programming. We complement our upper bounds by showing that solving ATSP exactly on graphs of pathwidth κ (and hence on κ-nearly embeddable graphs) requires time nω(κ), assuming the Exponential-Time Hypothesis (ETH). This is surprising in light of the fact that both TSP on undirected graphs and Minimum Cost Hamiltonian Cycle on directed graphs are FPT parameterized by treewidth.
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