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检索条件"机构=Dept. Computer Technology and Computer Graphics"

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Utilising Convolutional Neural Networks for the Automated Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy

Utilising Convolutional Neural Networks for the Automated De...

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2024 International Conference on System, Computation, Automation and Networking, ICSCAN 2024

作者： Lakshmi, R Poornima Shopika, S. Yaazhini, A. Hemalatha, M. Saraswathi, V. Ponnusamy, R. Chennai Institute of Technology Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Tamil Nadu India Chennai Institute of Technology Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Tamilnadu Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331510022

Diabetic retinopathy has emerged as one of the leading causes of eye diseases among people suffering from long-term diabetes. Indeed, it raises the risk of being blinded without proper detection and treatment. Conventional detection of retinal fundus images by an ophthalmologist is time-consuming and prone to mistakes owing to human intervention. This is particularly a cause for alarm in the wake of the growing incidence of diabetes globally. The need for automated, accurate detection systems for early diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy has never been more relevant. In this work, we develop a deep learning model based on CNN for classifying four stages of diabetic retinopathy, from no DR to proliferative DR. We tested the model in a public dataset to extract features from retinal images and to screen for abnormalities automatically. Our CNN model achieved 98.5% classification and detection accuracy, thus indicating the ability to make a real difference in the early detection and treatment plan, thereby preserving the vision of many diabetic patients. Practical value The present research is very relevant to clinical practice and, therefore, practically useful because of its relevance to healthcare technology. Using accuracy and loss function metrics, the proposed model performs well compared to the latest techniques in DR detection. An approach based on CNNs is expected to ease much of the workload that healthcare professionals bear in diagnosis and improve the precision, potentially resulting in a very high cutback in vision loss in diabetic patients with better patient outcomes. Our study has highlighted the practical utility of the CNN model, which has improved patient outcomes. DR is a serious condition affecting the eyes, which, in case of untimely detection and untreated in diabetic patients, can cause loss of vision. For centuries, the conventional diagnosis for this disease has been through the manual inspection of retinal fundus images taken through a camera

关键词： Clinical research

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A DNA-based Authentication System for Securing Cloud Data Storage and Transactions 18

A DNA-based Authentication System for Securing Cloud Data St...

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18th INDIAcom;11th International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global Development, INDIACom 2024

作者： Kumar, Tarun Kumar, Prabhat Namasudra, Suyel National Institute of Technology Dept. of Computer Sc. & Engineering Patna India National Institute of Technology Dept. of Computer Sc. & Engineering Agartala India

ISBN: (纸本)9789380544519

Cloud computing has grown rapidly, but data breaches and unauthorized account access remain a persistent threat. Commonly used cryptographic authentication methods rely on mathematically complex but computationally insecure protocols. This paper suggests using new developments in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) computing to make the cloud safer by using biological authentication protocols that can be used by a lot of people. A DNA-based cryptographic key system is developed for leveraging synthetic DNA's dense information capacity. This approach interfaces biochemically secure DNA signatures with existing cloud architectures to provide multi-factor authentication (MFA), encrypting access to sensitive user data and transactions. The developed DNA cryptography protocols offer resilience against common attacks like password leaks, while the massive parallelism inherent in biochemical reactions allows efficient processing of authentication requests even under immense cloud workloads. This paper proposes the system's security using established threat frameworks, analyzing attack vectors related to storage, access control, data leakage, etc. This interdisciplinary approach highlights how DNA computing's advantages in encryption, steganography, and blockchain can address real-world cybersecurity needs. © 2024 Bharati Vidyapeeth, New Delhi.

关键词： Biometrics Cloud Data Security DNA Cryptography Multi-factor Authentication Synthetic Biology

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Autonomous Social Amenity, Pothole Detection and Reporting 4

Autonomous Social Amenity, Pothole Detection and Reporting

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4th International Multidisciplinary Information technology and Engineering Conference, IMITEC 2024

作者： Mosela, David Olaifa, Moses Owolawi, Pius Malele, Vusi Tshwane University of Technology Dept. Computer Systems Engineering Tshwane South Africa Tshwane University of Technology Dept. of Computer Systems Engineering Tshwane South Africa

ISBN: (纸本)9798350387988

Challenges faced by traffic management in many developing nations across the globe is a result of the poor quality of road infrastructure. Inadequate and defective road infrastructure are major contributors to this effect. A key element that poses significant risk to road safety and that leads to increased road management cost is the increasing number of potholes and inefficient detection and reporting approach. This study provides an in-dept. exploration of the latest developments in pothole detection systems and examines various methodologies and technologies used in these systems, emphasizing the importance of real-time monitoring for proactive road maintenance. In addition, we proposed a system that addresses the persistent challenge of road infrastructure degradation by adopting cutting-edge technologies, including computer vision, machine learning, and sensor networks (such as ultrasonic and GPIO systems) that are used to identify and assess potholes on road surfaces. To achieve the aim of the study, the system adopts the use of RasberryPi 4 Model B for pothole detection and YOLOv4 for image processing. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Highway administration

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Computational Web Drug Discovery Application forSARS- Cov-2 Disease Using Predictive and Analytical Approach 10

Computational Web Drug Discovery Application forSARS- Cov-2 ...

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10th International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems, ICACCS 2024

作者： Hemkiran, S. Kartik, R. Aswath, S. Rathan Kabilan, K. Sudha Sadasivam, G. Psg Institute of Technology and Applied Research Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Coimbatore India Psg College of Technology Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Coimbatore India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350384369

In response to the urgent need for coronavirus treatments, this research focuses on leveraging bioactivity data collection and processing for efficient drug discovery, employing computational methods to predict potential antiviral compounds. Exploratory data analysis was performed to identify patterns and trends, and various molecular descriptors were computed for the Mpro inhibitors in the descriptor dataset preparation step. A regression model was trained using the developed random forest algorithm to predict the bioactivity of new compounds against the standard value and compared with other regression models. Additionally, a web-based application was created using the random forest model to allow users to obtain predicted bioactivity values against Mpro by providing information about molecular structures. Machine learning-based bioactivity prediction offers an intriguing plan for drug discovery, and the proposed work provides a comprehensive workflow for COVID- 19 drug discovery. The web application provides a user-friendly interface for drug discovery researchers to evaluate the potential of compounds against the Mpro target quickly. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： COVID-19

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A Review of Disease Detection in Sugarcane Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning Techniques 15

A Review of Disease Detection in Sugarcane Using Machine Lea...

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15th International Conference on Computing Communication and Networking Technologies, ICCCNT 2024

作者： Pavan, Undavalli Chandra Pateriya, R.K. Tomar, Deepak Singh Singh, Surendra Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology Dept. of computer science & engineering Bhopal India National Institute of Technology Dept. of computer science & engineering Uttarakhand India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350370249

Agriculture has been an active source of food and economic growth, but it faces significant challenges from diseases and climate change. In Indonesia, sugarcane production is severely impacted by viral infections such as Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) and Sugarcane streak mosaic virus (SCSMV). These infectious diseases pose a threat to the world's sugarcane industry, resulting in significant crop losses in nations like Brazil and India, along with other viruses like the Fiji Disease Virus (FDV), and Sugarcane Yellow Leaf Virus (SCYLV). For such diseases to be managed and performance to be maintained, early detection is essential. Disease detection is accomplished by both conventional and cutting-edge approaches, such as molecular, serological, and imaging methods. However, the advancements in Machine learning, Deep learning and computational image processing algorithms have demonstrated significant potential in the early and precise diagnosis of disease. In this study, different methods used for machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) for plant disease diagnosis were reviewed and it highlights the need of high-quality datasets, various pre-processing techniques, robust extraction of features, and efficient classification techniques. It also discussed the issues with data collection, symptom variability, over-fitting, and imbalances in classes, along with potential avenues for further advancement in diagnosing diseases systems. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： challenges deep learning detection hybrid models machine learning Plant diseases

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Survival Prediction for Patients with Cirrhosis

Survival Prediction for Patients with Cirrhosis

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2024 International Conference on System, Computation, Automation and Networking, ICSCAN 2024

作者： Sowmiya, X.L. Sanjana, R. Nishintha, A. Pavithra, S. Kannan, Shree Charan Ponnusamy, R. Chennai Institute of Technology Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Tamilnadu Chennai India Chennai Institute of Technology Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Tamil Nadu India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331510022

Cirrhosis is one of the major causes of death around the world. Hence, the possibility of survival prediction among patients affected by this disease constitutes the principal factor in properly planning treatment and management procedures. This work aims to design a predictive model of the probability of survival of patients who have cirrhosis based on patient data, including clinical parameters, medical history, and laboratory findings of these patients. The data-driven machine learning algorithm improves the predictive accuracy and significantly enhances the clinical decision-making process. This considers multiple predictors: the patient's liver function tests, the demographic factors, and the indicators of disease progression in the body. It will be validated for reliability and accuracy using real-world patient case data. Therefore, this tool could aid clinicians in devising treatment plans that improve patient outcomes and efficiently utilise healthcare resources. This study also contributes to the emerging genre of AI-assisted care because chronic liver disease management, specifically cirrhosis, in this case, requires constituting predictive analytics. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Predictive analytics

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Multi-Layered Approach to IoT Cybersecurity in Smart Cities 3

Multi-Layered Approach to IoT Cybersecurity in Smart Cities

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3rd International Conference on Intelligent Data Communication Technologies and Internet of Things, IDCIoT 2025

作者： Benjamine, Daniel Anto Madhavan, K. Pavithra, S. Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Chennai Institute of Technology Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331527549

Internet of Things (IoT) has been rapidly growing over the past years. There have been many cybersecurity challenges faced by IoT-based smart cities in existing work for the energy, health and transportation sectors. These cybersecurity challenges are crucial to remove in the IoT sector to implement a safe and secure IoT based smart city. Vulnerabilities across layers in IoT are analyzed and a multi-layered model of security is proposed to enhance data integrity and communication security by using AI, blockchain and ML. This paper would also present several policy recommendations to stakeholders and IoT developers for building a safe urban IoT ecosystem. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Cybersecurity frameworks IoT smart city technologies urban

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Utilization of Decentralized Finance (DeFi) and Distributed Ledger technology (DLT) in Banking operations

Utilization of Decentralized Finance (DeFi) and Distributed ...

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2024 International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Sustainable Innovations in technology, IC-SIT 2024

作者： Kumar, Ch Sree Singh, Akhilendra Pratap Reddy, K Hemant K National Institute of Technology Meghalaya Dept. of Computer Science Meghalaya India VIT-AP Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Vijayawada India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369175

Distributed Ledger technology (DLT) is a decentralized database system where transactions are recorded and verified across multiple nodes. Its key features include immutability, time-stamping, and consensus-based validation. Numerous DLT applications are in supply chain management, intellectual property, cross border payments, energy trading, real estate, and online donations. DeFi, a combination of cryptocurrency and blockchain technology, offers financial services without intermediaries. Hence transactions with various digital assets based on cryptocurrency price feeds needs an automated framework. Smart contracts, self-executing contracts with terms directly written into code, automate processes and reduce manual intervention. This paper proposes a decentralized financial trading model using the AAVE protocol. AAVE is a decentralized platform that allows for transactions with various digital assets based on cryptocurrency price feeds. Proposed model uses Chainlink, a decentralized oracle network, to provide accurate and reliable price feeds. IPFS is used for data storage, while Graph is employed for indexing and querying blockchain data. The paper presents an example of a DeFi protocol to simulate banking operations, showcasing the potential of DeFi and DLT in revolutionizing traditional banking processes. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Distributed ledger

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Formal Modeling and Verification of Justification and Finalization of Checkpoints in Ethereum 2.0 Beacon Chain 1

Formal Modeling and Verification of Justification and Finali...

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1st IEEE Karachi Section Humanitarian technology Conference, Khi-HTC 2024

作者： Rashid, Muhammad Rasool, Imran Zafar, Nazir Ahmad Afzaal, Hamra Comsats University Islamabad Dept. of Computer Science Sahiwal Campus Pakistan Information Technology University Dept. of Computer Science Lahore Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350373042

New to the Ethereum platform with version 2.0 is the Beacon chain. Validator status, attestation information, and many more are maintained via the proof-of-stake (PoS) consensus protocol, which is relied upon. The Ethereum 2.0 beacon chain relies on the validation and completion of checkpoints to validate and finish all the blocks associated with those checkpoints. By formally verifying it using the SPIN model checker, this research tackles the issue of the dependability and security of the Beacon Chain's justification and finalization operations. Due of its novelty (launched in 2020), there is little any literature on the subject. Additionally, no previous study has formally verified the beacon chain using the SPIN model checker. The study makes use of PROMELA, a formal specification language, to formally outline the reasoning and finalization method of the Ethereum 2.0 Beacon Chain. Utilizing the SPIN Model Checker, a program graph is generated for this procedure, which formulaically expresses safety features via the use of linear temporal logic (LTL). To make sure everything is in order, we run the SPIN model checker with the program graph and LTL formulae as inputs to see whether the program graph satisfies the properties. This is the formal verification process. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Model checking

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A Multistage Cascaded Neural Network Model to Identify the Severity of Epileptic Attack

A Multistage Cascaded Neural Network Model to Identify the S...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing, Informatics, Communication and Energy Systems, SPICES 2024

作者： Simon, Martha Thampi, Lidiya Lilly Dept. of Computer Science College of Engineering Trivandrum India Indian Institute of Information Technology Kottayam Dept. of Computer Science Kottayam India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350376135

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures, impacting the quality of life for millions of individuals worldwide. Timely and accurate detection of epileptic seizures is crucial for proper diagnosis and effective treatment. Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals provide vital information about brain activity and serve as a valuable tool for epilepsy detection. The methodology opted for this study was an enhanced multilayer feed forward neural network for automatic detection of epilepsy from EEG signals and hence predicting the severity. The authors build a multistage cascaded neural network model for achieving the same. Initially a Simple Artificial Neural Network (SimpleANN) is designed to classify EEG segments into seizure, healthy and interictal. Later a Multilayer Feed Forward Neural Network (MFFNN) is employed for detecting the severity of epileptic patients and hence can be classified into primary and secondary stages. The experimental results showed that the proposed SimpleANN classifier had provided noticeable results, and outperforms all tested classifiers. The study involves the collection of EEG data from a diverse group of patients, including those with epilepsy and healthy individuals. This automated epilepsy identifying system passes through different stages including decomposition, feature extraction for achieving a better performance model. The proposed system was tested and compared with SVM, KNN, MLP and Decision Tree under different measurement metrics. ANN has managed to give an accuracy of 80 - 90% which is significantly higher as compared to other machine learning models. The proposed work can automatically learn complex patterns from EEG data provides an advantage in identifying subtle seizure related features that may not be evident through manual analysis. Furthermore, the model offers real-time capabilities, making it suitable for continuous monitoring of patients at risk of seizures. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Electroencephalography

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