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作者： Le Beux, Sébastien Li, Hui Nicolescu, Gabriela Trajkovic, Jelena O'Connor, Ian Lyon Institute of Nanotechnology INL-UMR5270 Ecole Centrale de Lyon EcullyF-69134 France Computer and Software Engineering Dept. Ecole Polytechnique de Montréal MontrealQC Canada Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Concordia University MontrealQC Canada

The many-core design research community has shown high interest in optical crossbar on chip for more than a decade. Key properties of optical crossbars, namely (1) contention-free data routing, (2) low latency communication, and (3) potential for high bandwidth through the use of wavelength division multiplexing, motivate several implementations of this type of interconnect. These implementations demonstrate very different scalability and power efficiency abilities depending on three key design factors: (1) network topology, (2) considered layout, and (3) insertion losses induced by the fabrication process. In this paper, the worst-case optical losses of crossbar implementations are compared according to the factors mentioned earlier. The comparison results have the potential to help many-core system designer to select the most appropriate crossbar implementation according to, for instance, the number of IP cores and the die size. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： Network-on-chip

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Low-Power Adaptive Spike detector Based on a Sigma-delta Control Loop

Low-Power Adaptive Spike Detector Based on a Sigma-Delta Con...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

作者： G. Gagnon-Turcotte M. Sawan B. Gosselin the Dept. of Electrical and Computer Eng. Université Laval Quebec QC G1V 0A6 Canada the Dept. of Electrical Eng. Ecole Polytechnique de Montréal Montreal QC H3T 1J4 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781424492695

This paper presents a resources-optimized digital action potential (AP) detector featuring an adaptive threshold based on a new Sigma-delta control loop. The proposed AP detector is optimized for utilizing low hardware resources, which makes it suitable for implementation on most popular low-power microcontrollers units (MCU). The adaptive threshold is calculated using a digital control loop based on a Sigma-delta modulator that precisely estimates the standard deviation of the amplitude of the neuronal signal. The detector was implemented on a popular low-power MCU and fully characterized experimentally using previously recorded neural signals with different signal-to-noise ratios. A comparison of the obtained results with other thresholding approaches shows that the proposed method can compete with high performance and highly resources demanding spike detection approaches while achieving up to 100% of true positive detection rate at high SNR, and up to 63% for an SNR as low as 0 dB, while necessitating an execution time as low as 11 μs with the MCU operating at 8 MHz.

关键词： Spike detection energy-efficent biosignal processing neural recording brain-computer interfaces Brain-computer Interfaces delta sigma modulation control ring signal to noise ratios LOW POWER micro-controller unit MCU gene detector execution time high SNR hardware resource adaptive thresholding

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Multiscale navigation in large trace data

Multiscale navigation in large trace data

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Canadian Conference on Electrical and computer engineering (CCECE)

作者： Naser Ezzati-Jivan Michel R. Dagenais Department of Computer and Software Engineering Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal

One solution to handle large data sets is to organize and visualize them in a hierarchical model. This paper investigates hierarchical management of large trace logs and proposes an interactive zoomable timeline view to visualize the multiple levels of information generated by analyzing the execution trace logs. The view supports both the semantic (data) zooming and physical (visual) zooming. It displays a coarser layer first and provides some operations to explore and navigate the different layers of data. The method mainly facilitates the comprehension of the execution trace logs and can also be used to improve root cause analysis. The paper also discusses the hierarchical data model designed for organizing and visualizing the information at multiple levels.

关键词： Data visualization Abstracts Kernel Data models Data structures Navigation Aggregates

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Trends in concurrent, multi-criteria and optimal design of mechatronic systems: A review

Trends in concurrent, multi-criteria and optimal design of m...

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International Conference on Innovative design and Manufacturing (ICIDM)

作者： Abolfazl Mohebbi Luc Baron Sofiane Achiche Lionel Birglen Polytechnique Montreal Montreal QC CA Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal Canada

Due to the inherent complexity and the dynamic coupling between subsystems of mechatronic systems, a systematic and multicriteria design thinking methodology is crucial to replace the traditionally used sequential design approach. In this paper we discuss the various aspects of current approaches within mechatronic system design to point out the most important challenges. Accordingly, a review on the most recent work on design and optimization methods and tools is presented and briefly discussed. A framework for concurrent and integrated design of mechatronic system based on separation of realtime and non-realtime system behaviours is also introduced and developed methods based on this model are presented.

关键词： Mechatronics design methodology software System analysis and design Mathematical model Solid modeling Systematics

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A model for carbon footprint optimization in an InterCloud environment

A model for carbon footprint optimization in an InterCloud e...

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IEEE International Conference on Cloud Networking (CLOUDNET)

作者： Valerie Danielle Justafort Ronald Beaubrun Samuel Pierre Computing and Software Engineering Department Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal Montreal Canada Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Laval University Quebec Canada

In this paper, we address the problem of virtual machine (VM) placement in an InterCloud with regard to the reduction of carbon footprint in such computing environment. In order to minimize the data center Greenhouse Gas (GhG) emissions, this paper proposes a new mathematical formulation, where the placement approach is stated as a mixed integer programming problem which aims at minimizing the overall carbon footprint of the InterCloud. The proposed formulation presents an accurate carbon footprint evaluation based on joint optimization techniques, such as workload consolidation and cooling efficiency maximization, while considering the greenness of the data centers and the dynamic behavior of the IT equipment cooling fans. Simulation results showed that our model leads to optimal configurations with minimal carbon footprint in the InterCloud environment.

关键词： Servers Carbon Power demand Cooling Mathematical model Temperature distribution Cloud computing

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Improving background subtraction using Local Binary Similarity Patterns

Improving background subtraction using Local Binary Similari...

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IEEE Workshop on Applications of computer Vision (WACV)

作者： Pierre-Luc St-Charles Guillaume-Alexandre Bilodeau Dept. of Computer & Software Eng. Ecole Polytechnique de Montréal Montréal QC Canada

Most of the recently published background subtraction methods can still be classified as pixel-based, as most of their analysis is still only done using pixel-by-pixel comparisons. Few others might be regarded as spatial-based (or even spatiotemporal-based) methods, as they take into account the neighborhood of each analyzed pixel. Although the latter types can be viewed as improvements in many cases, most of the methods that have been proposed so far suffer in complexity, processing speed, and/or versatility when compared to their simpler pixel-based counterparts. In this paper, we present an adaptive background subtraction method, derived from the low-cost and highly efficient ViBe method, which uses a spatiotemporal binary similarity descriptor instead of simply relying on pixel intensities as its core component. We then test this method on multiple video sequences and show that by only replacing the core component of a pixel-based method it is possible to dramatically improve its overall performance while keeping memory usage, complexity and speed at acceptable levels for online applications.

关键词： Spatiotemporal phenomena Color Vectors Video sequences Lighting Analytical models Maintenance engineering

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Flexible Background Subtraction with Self-Balanced Local Sensitivity

Flexible Background Subtraction with Self-Balanced Local Sen...

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IEEE computer Society Conference on computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (CVPRW)

作者： Pierre-Luc St-Charles Guillaume-Alexandre Bilodeau Robert Bergevin Dept. of Computer & Software Eng. Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal LITIV lab. Montreal QC Canada LVSN - REPARTI Universite Laval Quebec City QC Canada

Most background subtraction approaches offer decent results in baseline scenarios, but adaptive and flexible solutions are still uncommon as many require scenario-specific parameter tuning to achieve optimal performance. In this paper, we introduce a new strategy to tackle this problem that focuses on balancing the inner workings of a non-parametric model based on pixel-level feedback loops. Pixels are modeled using a spatiotemporal feature descriptor for increased sensitivity. Using the video sequences and ground truth annotations of the 2012 and 2014 CVPR Change detection Workshops, we demonstrate that our approach outperforms all previously ranked methods in the original dataset while achieving good results in the most recent one.

关键词： Sensitivity Monitoring Image color analysis Conferences Video sequences Spatiotemporal phenomena Color

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25th Annual Computational Neuroscience Meeting CNS-2016, Seogwipo City, South Korea, July 2-7, 2016 Abstracts

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BMC NEUROSCIENCE 2016年第1期17卷 1-112页

作者： [Anonymous] Computational Neurobiology Laboratory The Salk Institute for Biological Studies San Diego USA UNIC CNRS Gif sur Yvette France The European Institute for Theoretical Neuroscience (EITN) Paris France ATR Computational Neuroscience Laboratories Kyoto Japan Krembil Research Institute University Health Network Toronto Canada Department of Physiology University of Toronto Toronto Canada Department of Medicine (Neurology) University of Toronto Toronto Canada Department of Physics University of New Hampshire Durham USA Department of Neurophysiology Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology Warsaw Poland Department of Theory Wigner Research Centre for Physics of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences Budapest Hungary Department of Mathematical Sciences KAIST Daejoen Republic of Korea Department of Mathematics University of Houston Houston USA Department of Biochemistry & Cell Biology and Institute of Biosciences and Bioengineering Rice University Houston USA Department of Biology and Biochemistry University of Houston Houston USA Grupo de Neurocomputación Biológica Dpto. de Ingeniería Informática Escuela Politécnica Superior Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Spain Department of Biological Sciences University of Southern California Los Angeles USA Center for Neuroscience Korea Institute of Science and Technology Seoul South Korea Department of Neurology Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx USA Center for Neuroscience KIST Seoul South Korea Department of Neuroscience University of Science and Technology Daejon South Korea Systems Neuroscience Group QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Herston Australia Department of Psychology Yonsei University Seoul South Korea Department of Psychiatry Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong Seoul South Korea Department of Psychiatry Veterans Administration Boston Healthcare System and Harvard Medical School Brockton USA Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Melbourne Parkvil

A1 Functional advantages of cell-type heterogeneity in neural circuits Tatyana O. Sharpee A2 Mesoscopic modeling of propagating waves in visual cortex Alain destexhe A3 Dynamics and biomarkers of mental disorders Mitsuo Kawato F1 Precise recruitment of spiking output at theta frequencies requires dendritic h-channels in multi-compartment models of oriens-lacunosum/moleculare hippocampal interneurons Vladislav Sekulić, Frances K. Skinner F2 Kernel methods in reconstruction of current sources from extracellular potentials for single cells and the whole brains Daniel K. Wójcik, Chaitanya Chintaluri, Dorottya Cserpán, Zoltán Somogyvári F3 The synchronized periods depend on intracellular transcriptional repression mechanisms in circadian clocks. Jae Kyoung Kim, Zachary P. Kilpatrick, Matthew R. Bennett, Kresimir Josić O1 Assessing irregularity and coordination of spiking-bursting rhythms in central pattern generators Irene Elices, David Arroyo, Rafael Levi, Francisco B. Rodriguez, Pablo Varona O2 Regulation of top-down processing by cortically-projecting parvalbumin positive neurons in basal forebrain Eunjin Hwang, Bowon Kim, Hio-Been Han, Tae Kim, James T. McKenna, Ritchie E. Brown, Robert W. McCarley, Jee Hyun Choi O3 Modeling auditory stream segregation, build-up and bistability James Rankin, Pamela Osborn Popp, John Rinzel O4 Strong competition between tonotopic neural ensembles explains pitch-related dynamics of auditory cortex evoked fields Alejandro Tabas, André Rupp, Emili Balaguer-Ballester O5 A simple model of retinal response to multi-electrode stimulation Matias I. Maturana, David B. Grayden, Shaun L. Cloherty, Tatiana Kameneva, Michael R. Ibbotson, Hamish Meffin O6 Noise correlations in V4 area correlate with behavioral performance in visual discrimination task Veronika Koren, Timm Lochmann, Valentin Dragoi, Klaus Obermayer O7 Input-location dependent gain modulation in cerebellar nucleus neurons Maria Psarrou, Maria Schilstra, Neil Davey, Benjamin Torben-Ni

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Large area graphene electromagnetic devices

Large area graphene electromagnetic devices

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International Symposium on Antenna Technology and Applied Electromagnetics and the Canadian Radio Science Meeting, ANTEM/URSI

作者： Thomas Szkopek Christophe Caloz Helgi Skuli Skulason Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering McGill Unviersity Montreal Canada PolyGrames Research Centre Ecole-Polytechnique de Montréal Montréal Canada Freescale Semiconductor Inc. Tempe USA

Large area graphene growth provides a facile route to the development of microwave devices based on the interaction of electromagnetic waves with the two dimensional gas of electrons in a graphene sheet. The strength of microwave scattering with graphene is determined by an impedance mismatch Zσ whose natural scale is itself determined by the fine structure constant α = e 2 /(4πε 0 hc). Scattering measurements of graphene monolayer loaded waveguides from 17 Hz to 110 GHz reveal a constant sheet conductance with negligible skin effect owing to monolayer atomic thickness. A Drude conductivity tensor can be used to describe the microwave scattering of a graphene sheet under a static magnetic field bias. Measurement of longitudinal conductivity in a Corbino disk geometry can be used to estimate mobility. Transverse conductivity leads to Faraday rotation, which can be used in hollow waveguide structures to implement a gate voltage tunable isolator. As graphene mobility improves, there is potential to exploit both classical and quantum effects in non-reciprocal devices.

关键词： Graphene Conductivity Microwave measurement Microwave transistors Electromagnetic waveguides

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MULTILEVEL LABEL PLACEMENT FOR EXECUTION TRACE EVENTS

MULTILEVEL LABEL PLACEMENT FOR EXECUTION TRACE EVENTS

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IEEE Canadian Conference on Electrical and computer engineering

作者： Naser Ezzati-Jivan Alireza Shameli-Sendi Michel R. Dagenais Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal Department of Computer and Software Engineering

ISBN: (纸本)9781479900312

Automatic label assignment to graphical objects is an important problem in many applications such as cartography, online maps and graph drawings. In this paper, we present efficient algorithms for automatic label assignment to execution trace items (points or lines) in a trace visualization tool. The proposed label assignment algorithms aim to maximize the number of labeled items as well as increase the quality of assignments. The algorithms take into account both the topological and semantic relationships (e.g. level of details, repetitiveness, etc.) between the trace items in order to achieve assignments that are both quantitative and qualitative. The proposed method also supports assigning multiple labels to each trace item. The algorithms have been implemented and applied to different input traces. The experimental results show that considering the relationships between data items increases the labeling success rate and the quality.

关键词： MULTILEVEL LABEL PLACEMENT

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