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3rd European Workshop on Visual Information Processing, EUVIP 2011

作者： Lai, Kuan-Ting Chen, Ming-Syan Hsieh, Chaur-Heh Lai, Mao-Fu Graduate Institute of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University Taiwan Research Center for Information Technology Innovation Academia Sinica Taiwan Dept. of Computer Science Ming Chuan University Taiwan Dept. of Information Engineering Tung Nan University Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781457700729

Human actions are diversified and complicated, and hence difficult to be recognized by artificial intelligence systems. Recognizing actions in broadcast videos is even more challenging due to low resolution and frame rate. During the past decades, many talented researchers are devoted to this field, and several promising algorithms are developed to achieve great performance. The well known methods include optical flow, 3D Harris, Cuboid detector, 3D SIFT, to name a few. Inspired by preceding algorithms, we propose using SIFT displacement between consecutive frames to extract human motions in broadcast videos. Motion descriptors are orientation histogram computed from displacement vectors voted by moving distances. Geometric information is also employed by dividing frames into sub-regions. Experimental results indicate that the proposed approach is effective and outperforms other state-of-the-art methods. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Optical flows

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Distributed dynamic pricing for MIMO interfering multiuser systems: A unified approach

Distributed dynamic pricing for MIMO interfering multiuser s...

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International Conference on NETwork Games, Control and Optimization, NetGCooP 2011

作者： Scutari, Gesualdo Palomar, Daniel P. Facchinei, Francisco Pang, Jong-Shi Dept. of Electrical Engineering State University of New York at Buffalo Buffalo NY United States Dept. of Electronic and Computer Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Hong Kong Dept. of Computer and System Sciences University of Rome La Sapienza Roma Italy Dept. of Industrial and Enterprise Systems Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781467303842

Wireless networks are composed of many users that usually have conflicting objectives and generate interference to each other. The system design is typically formulated as the optimization of the weighted sum of the users' utility functions. In an attempt to obtain distributed algorithms in the case this sum is nonconvex, researchers have proposed pricing mechanisms which however are based on heuristics and valid only for a restricted class of problems. In this paper we propose a general framework for the distributed optimization of the nonconvex sum-utility function. Our main contributions are: i) the derivation for the first time of a general dynamic pricing mechanism, ii) a framework that can be easily particularized to well-known applications, giving rise to very efficient practical algorithms that outperform existing methods;and iii) the solution to the currently open problem of social optimization for MIMO multiuser systems. © 2011 INRIA.

关键词： Dynamics

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Near optimal control of mobile robot formations

Near optimal control of mobile robot formations

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IEEE Symposium on Adaptive Dynamic Programming and Reinforcement Learning

作者： Dierks, Travis Brenner, Bryan Jagannathan, S. Strategic Initiatives DRS Sustainment Systems Inc. St. Louis MO United States Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Missouri University of Science and Technology Rolla MO United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781424498888

In this paper, the infinite horizon optimal tracking control problem is solved online and forward-in-time for leader-follower based formation control of nonholonomic mobile robots. Using the backstepping design approach, the dynamical controller inputs for the robots are approximated from nonlinear optimal control techniques in order to track the control velocities designed to keep the formation. The proposed nonlinear optimal control technique, referred to as adaptive dynamic programming, uses neural networks (NN's) to solve the optimal formation control problem in discrete-time in the presence of unknown internal dynamics and a known control coefficient matrix. All NN's are tuned online using novel weight update laws, and the stability of the entire formation is demonstrated using Lyapunov methods. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Multi agent systems

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Automated extraction of nested sulcus features from human brain MRI data

Automated extraction of nested sulcus features from human br...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

作者： Forrest Sheng Bao Joachim Giard Jason Tourville Arno Klein F. S. Bao is with Depts. of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Texas Tech University Lubbock Texas J. Giard is with Institute of Information and Communication Technologies Electronics and Applied Mathematics Université Catholique de Louvain Louvain Belgium J. Tourville is with Dept. of Speech Language and Hearing Sciences and Center for Computational Neuroscience and Neural Technology Boston University Boston Massachusetts A. Klein is with New York Psychiatric Institute Columbia University New York New York

ISBN: (纸本)9781424441198

Extracting objects related to a fold in the cerebral cortex ("sulcus features") from human brain magnetic resonance imaging data has applications in morphometry, landmark-based registration, and anatomical labeling. In prior work, sulcus features such as surfaces, fundi and pits have been extracted separately. Here we define and extract nested sulcus features in a hierarchical manner from a cortical surface mesh having curvature or dept. values. Our experimental results show that the nested features are comparable to features extracted separately using other methods, and that they are consistent across subjects and with manual label boundaries. Our open source feature extraction software will be made freely available as part of the Mindboggle project ().

关键词： Automated extraction MRI data sulcus features

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IBM research and Columbia University TRECVID-2011 multimedia event detection (MED) system

IBM research and Columbia University TRECVID-2011 multimedia...

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TREC Video Retrieval Evaluation, TRECVID 2011

作者： Cao, Liangliang Chang, Shih-Fu Codella, Noel Cotton, Courtenay Ellis, Dan Gong, Leiguang Hill, Matthew Hua, Gang Kender, John Merler, Michele Mu, Yadong Natsev, Apostol Smith, John R. Columbia University Dept. of Electrical Engineering United States IBM T. J. Watson Research Center United States Stevens Institute of Technology United States Columbia University Dept. of Computer Science United States

The IBM Research/Columbia team investigated a novel range of low-level and high-level features and their combination for the TRECVID Multimedia Event Detection (MED) task. We submitted four runs exploring various methods of extraction, modeling and fusing of low-level features and hundreds of high-level semantic concepts. Our Run 1 developed event detection models utilizing Support Vector Machines (SVMs) trained from a large number of low-level features and was interesting in establishing the baseline performance for visual features from static video frames. Run 2 trained SVMs from classification scores generated by 780 visual, 113 action and 56 audio high-level semantic classifiers and explored various temporal aggregation techniques. Run 2 was interesting in assessing performance based on different kinds of high-level semantic information. Run 3 fused the lowand high-level feature information and was interesting in providing insight into the complementarity of this information for detecting events. Run 4 fused all of these methods and explored a novel Scene Alignment Model (SAM) algorithm that utilized temporal information discretized by scene changes in the video.

关键词： Support vector machines

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Design of disaster alerting information disseminator

Design of disaster alerting information disseminator

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5th International Conference on New Trends in Information Science and Service Science, NISS 2011

作者： Park, Jinhee Chung, Jinwook Kang, Hwijin Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan Univ. Suwon Korea Republic of Dept. of RFID USN Convergence Research Center Korea Electronics Technology Institute Seongnam Korea Republic of Dept. of MIS Dongguk Univ. Graduate School Seoul Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9788988678626

According to complexity of society, disaster has been complicated. Also a variety of disasters including natural, man-made, and social disasters has been happened frequently due to climate changes by industrialization, carelessness and misuse of human, terror, and war. Although rapid integrated issue by disaster manager is very important for expeditious evacuation of human, it is impossible because several alerting systems have been developed by their own way. In this paper, we design disaster alerting information dissemination system and algorithm for integrated issue to several heterogeneous alerting systems. © 2011 AICIT.

关键词： Disasters

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Analytical Trajectory Extrapolation for Power systems

Analytical Trajectory Extrapolation for Power Systems

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IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting

作者： Shaobu Wang Ghadir Radman Gang Zheng Wenzhong Gao Center for Energy Systems Research Tennessee Technological University Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Tennessee Technological University Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Denver

ISBN: (纸本)9781457710001

Trajectory extrapolation is important for stability analysis and control of modern power systems. Many functions such as security warning and time-delay compensation for wide-area feedback control can be developed through trajectory extrapolation. But as of now, there are no effective methods to extrapolate power system trajectories except for time-consuming numerical integration methods. The difficulties for trajectory extrapolation in power systems lie within the fact that the underlying dynamic equations are nonlinear, and thus analytical solutions are not possible. In this paper, a method is proposed to approximate the analytical solution of power system dynamics, by which trajectories can be extrapolated. First, the dynamic equations of power system are modified to an equivalent set of equations by polynomial projection technique. Based on the modified equations, an approximate analytical solution is obtained using algebraic Picard iteration without integration operation. This solution depends on the initial values and can be used for on-line trajectory extrapolation. Following a disturbance, with values at the instant of disturbance clearance known (i.e. through PMU - measurements), one can easily extrapolate the system trajectory by extending the approximate analytical solution and updating initial values. Finally, some simulation results are presented to show the effectiveness of the method.

关键词： Power systems Trajectory extrapolation Analytical solution approximation Nonlinear differential equations Picard iteration power systems nonlinear differential equations trajectory Power system dynamics delay compensation approximate analysis Equation ANALYTICAL SOLUTION

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Polyphase Filter Banks for Embedded Sample Rate Changes in Digital Radio Front-Ends

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ZTE Communications 2011年第4期9卷 3-9页

作者： Mehmood Awan Yannick Le Moullec Peter Koch Fred Harris Technology Platforms Section Dept. of Electronic Systems Aalborg University Denmark Dept. of Electrical & Computer Engineering San Diego State UniversityCA USA

This paper presents efficient processing engines for software-defined radio （SDR） front-ends. These engines, based on a polyphase channelizer, perform arbitrary sample-rate changes, frequency selection, and bandwidth control. This paper presents an M-path polyphase filter bank based on a modified N-path polyphase filter. Such a system allows resampling by arbitrary ratios while performing baseband aliasing from center frequencies at Nyquist zones that are not multiples of the output sample rate. This resampling technique is based on sliding cyclic data load interacting with cyclic-shifted coefficients. A non-maximally-decimated polyphase filterbank （where the number of data loads is not equal to the number of M subfilters） processes M subfilters in a time period that is less than or greater than the M data loads. A polyphase filter bank with five different resampling modes is used as a case study for embedded resamp/ing in SDR front-ends. These modes are （i） maximally decimated, （ii） Under-decimated, （iii） over-decimated, and combined up- and down-sampling with （iv） single stride length, and （v） multiple stride lengths. These modes can be used to obtain any required rational sampling rate change in an SDR front-end based on a polyphase channelizer. They can also be used for translation to and from arbitrary center frequencies that are unrelated to the output sample rates.

关键词： SDR digital front-ends polyphase filter bank embedded resampling

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Titanium dioxide nanotubes decorated with nanoparticles for dye sensitized solar cells

Titanium dioxide nanotubes decorated with nanoparticles for ...

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2010 MRS Fall Meeting

作者： Pan, Xuan Zhao, Yong Chen, Changhong Fan, Zhaoyang Nano Tech. Center Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas Tech University Lubbock TX United States Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

ISBN: (纸本)9781605112800

The titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticle (NP) structure has higher surface area and dye loading value to increase photon absorption while the nanotube (NT) can suppress the random walk phenomena to enhance carrier collection. In this work, hydrothermal method was utilized to infiltrate the TiO2 nanotube array by TiO2 nanoparticles with the aim of combining the advantages of both nanostructures to improve dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) efficiency. Structure morphology, device performance, and electrochemical properties were investigated. SEM observation confirmed that around 10 nm TiO2 nanoparticles uniformly covered the NT wall. TiO2 NT samples at three different lengths: 8 μm, 13 μm and 20 μm, decorated with different amount of nanoparticles were studied to optimize the structure for light absorption and electron transport to achieve high solar conversion efficiency. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was also employed to investigate the cells' parameters: electron lifetime (τ), diffusion length (Ln) et al, to gain insight on the device performance. The incident photon conversion efficiency (IPCE) was also reported. © 2011 Materials Research Society.

关键词： Titanium dioxide

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Adapting an Object Detector by Considering the Worst Case: a Conservative Approach

Adapting an Object Detector by Considering the Worst Case: a...

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IEEE Conference on computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

作者： Guang Chen Tony X. Han Shihong Lao Electrical and Computer Engineering Dept. University of Missouri Core Technology Center Omron Corporation

ISBN: (纸本)9781457703942

The performance of an offline-trained classifier can be improved on-site by adapting the classifier towards newly acquired data. However, the adaptation rate is a tuning parameter affecting the performance gain substantially. Poor selection of the adaptation rate may worsen the performance of the original classifier. To solve this problem, we propose a conservative model adaptation method by considering the worst case during the adaptation process. We first construct a random cover of the set of the adaptation data from its partition. For each element in the cover (i.e. a portion of the whole adaptation data set), we define the cross-entropy error function in the form of logistic regression. The element in the cover with the maximum cross-entropy error corresponds to the worst case in the adaptation. Therefore we can convert the conservative model adaptation into the classic min-max optimization problem: finding the adaptation parameters that minimize the maximum of the cross-entropy errors of the cover. Taking the object detection as a testbed, we implement an adapted object detector based on binary classification. Under different adaptation scenarios and different datasets including PASCAL, ImageNet, INRIA, and TUD-Pedestrian, the proposed adaption method achieves significant performance gain and is compared favorably with the state-of-the-art adaptation method with the fine tuned adaptation rate. Without the need of tuning the adaptation rates, the proposed conservative model adaptation method can be extended to other adaptive classification tasks.

关键词： Conservative Object detection Classifiers

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